JP4639093B2 - Treatment methods for promoting germination in plant seeds - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、植物種子における発芽促進のための処理方法等に関する。 The present invention relates to a treatment method and the like for promoting germination in plant seeds.
収穫物の品質向上や農作業の改善に役立つため、植物種子における発芽促進のための方法がいくつかの文献に記載されている(例えば、特許文献1及び特許文献2参照)。 Several literatures describe methods for promoting germination in plant seeds in order to help improve the quality of crops and farm work (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
従来から知られた方法は、植物種子の発芽のための吸水処理操作において工夫がなされたものや、植物種子の表面に対してある種の薬剤をコーティングしてなるコーティング種子を提供する技術的手段を講じたものであった。また処理によっては、処理後播種までの時間が長いと、その間に植物種子が発芽してしまうおそれがあり、発芽してしまった種子は傷つきやすいため極めて取り扱いが難しく、事実上、播種ができない状況も発生していた。
このような状況下において、植物種子における発芽促進のための方法であって、使用できる方法に係る選択肢を広げ、また従来から知られた方法との併用をも可能とし、さらに植物種子の長期保存を達成し得るための、上記方法とは異なる技術的操作・手段を有する方法の開発が望まれていた。
Conventionally known methods are technical means for providing a seed that has been devised in the water-absorbing treatment operation for germination of plant seeds, or a coated seed formed by coating a certain chemical on the surface of plant seeds. Was taken. Also, depending on the treatment, if the time until sowing after treatment is long, the plant seeds may germinate during that time, and the seeds that have germinated are very difficult to handle because they are easily damaged, so that seeding is virtually impossible Also occurred.
Under such circumstances, it is a method for promoting germination in plant seeds, and it expands the options related to the methods that can be used, and can be used in combination with conventionally known methods. Development of a method having a technical operation / means different from the above method to achieve the above has been desired.
本発明者らは、かかる状況のもと鋭意検討した結果、特定な技術的工程の組み合わせが、発芽促進のために有効であることを見出し、本発明に至った。
即ち、本発明は、
1.植物種子の発芽促進のための処理方法であって、
(1)植物種子を、酸化防止剤を0.001〜5%(w/v)含有する水溶液に接触させる第一工程、及び
(2)前記接触工程後に、前記植物種子を種子含水率10%以下まで乾燥させる第二工程
を有することを特徴とする方法(以下、本発明方法と記すこともある。);
2.酸化防止剤が、アスコルビン酸又はその塩であることを特徴とする前項1記載の方法;
3.酸化防止剤を含有する水溶液が、さらに浸透圧調節剤を含有する水溶液であることを特徴とする前項1又は2記載の方法;
4.浸透圧調節剤が、硝酸カリウム、リン酸カリウム、ポリエチレングリコール又はマンニトールであることを特徴とする前項3記載の方法;
5.第一工程が、前記水溶液の中に空気を供給しながら、植物種子を前記水溶液に接触させる工程であることを特徴とする前項1〜4のいずれかの請求項記載の方法;
6.第ニ工程が、空気を供給しながら、前記植物種子を乾燥させる工程であることを特徴とする前項1〜5のいずれかの請求項記載の方法;
7.前項1〜6のいずれかの前項に記載された方法が施されてなることを特徴とする乾燥植物種子;
8.良好な発芽率が維持された乾燥植物種子の製造方法であって、
(1)植物種子を、酸化防止剤を0.001〜5%(w/v)含有する水溶液に接触させる第一工程、及び
(2)前記接触工程後に、前記植物種子を種子含水率10%以下まで乾燥させる第二工程
を有することを特徴とする方法(以下、本発明製造方法と記すこともある。);
9.前項8記載の方法により製造された乾燥植物種子;
10.前項7又は9記載の乾燥植物種子を発芽させ、さらに育苗して得られた植物;
等を提供するものである。
As a result of intensive studies under such circumstances, the present inventors have found that a specific combination of technical steps is effective for promoting germination and have reached the present invention.
That is, the present invention
1. A treatment method for promoting germination of plant seeds,
(1) A first step in which plant seeds are contacted with an aqueous solution containing 0.001 to 5% (w / v) of an antioxidant, and (2) after the contacting step, the plant seeds have a seed moisture content of 10%. A method characterized by having a second step of drying to the following (hereinafter also referred to as the method of the present invention);
2. The method according to item 1 above, wherein the antioxidant is ascorbic acid or a salt thereof;
3. 3. The method according to item 1 or 2, wherein the aqueous solution containing an antioxidant is an aqueous solution further containing an osmotic pressure regulator;
4). 4. The method according to item 3 above, wherein the osmotic pressure regulator is potassium nitrate, potassium phosphate, polyethylene glycol or mannitol;
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first step is a step of bringing plant seeds into contact with the aqueous solution while supplying air into the aqueous solution.
6). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the second step is a step of drying the plant seeds while supplying air.
7). A dried plant seed obtained by applying the method described in any one of the preceding items 1 to 6;
8). A method for producing dry plant seeds that maintains a good germination rate,
(1) A first step in which plant seeds are contacted with an aqueous solution containing 0.001 to 5% (w / v) of an antioxidant, and (2) after the contacting step, the plant seeds have a seed moisture content of 10%. A method characterized by having a second step of drying to the following (hereinafter also referred to as the production method of the present invention);
9. Dried plant seeds produced by the method according to item 8;
10. A plant obtained by germinating and further raising seedlings of the dried plant seed according to 7 or 9 above;
Etc. are provided.
本発明によれば、植物種子における発芽促進のための方法であって、使用できる方法に係る選択肢を広げ、また従来から知られた方法との併用をも可能とし、さらに植物種子の長期保存を達成し得るための、新たな技術的操作・手段を有する方法を提供可能とする。 According to the present invention, it is a method for promoting germination in plant seeds, which expands the options related to the methods that can be used, and can be used in combination with conventionally known methods, and further enables long-term storage of plant seeds. It is possible to provide a method having new technical operations and means to be achieved.
本発明において対象となる植物種子としては、例えば、レタス、ゴボウ等のキク科作物、ネギ、タマネギ、ニラ等のユリ科作物、カンラン、ハクサイ、ダイコン等のアブラナ科作物、ナス、トマト、台木ナス、トウガラシ等のナス科作物、ニンジン、セロリ、パセリ等のセリ科作物、ホウレンソウ等のアカザ科作物、キュウリ、メロン等のウリ科作物、スイートコーン等のイネ科作物等の野菜種子、ユーストマ、パンジー、ベゴニア等の花種子、ギニアグラス、ローズグラス等の牧草種子、イネ、オオムギ、トウモロコシ等の穀物種子、ユーカリ等の樹木種子、ダイズ、エンドウ等の豆科作物、ヒマワリ等のキク科作物、ソバ等のタデ科作物、食用ヒエ等のイネ科作物の食用および工芸作物等の種子を挙げることができる。 Examples of plant seeds to be used in the present invention include asteraceae crops such as lettuce and burdock, lily family crops such as leek, onion and leek, cruciferous crops such as kanran, Chinese cabbage and radish, eggplant, tomato and rootstock. Vegetable seeds such as eggplants and peppers, cereals such as carrots, celery and parsley, red crustacean crops such as spinach, cucumbers and melons, cereals such as sweet corn, eustoma, Flower seeds such as pansies and begonia, grass seeds such as guinea grass and rosegrass, grain seeds such as rice, barley and corn, tree seeds such as eucalyptus, legume crops such as soybean and pea, asteraceae crops such as sunflower, Examples include seeds such as edible crops such as buckwheat, edible crops such as edible millet, and edible and craft crops.
本発明方法は、植物種子の発芽促進のための処理方法であって、下記の工程を有することを特徴とする。
(1)植物種子を、酸化防止剤を0.001〜5%(w/v)含有する水溶液に接触させる第一工程、及び
(2)前記接触工程後に、前記植物種子を種子含水率10%以下まで乾燥させる第二工程
The method of the present invention is a treatment method for promoting germination of plant seeds, and has the following steps.
(1) A first step in which plant seeds are contacted with an aqueous solution containing 0.001 to 5% (w / v) of an antioxidant, and (2) after the contacting step, the plant seeds have a seed moisture content of 10%. Second step to dry to
本発明方法の第一工程において用いられる「酸化防止剤」としては、例えば、アスコルビン酸(ビタミンC)、アスコルビン酸塩、アスコルビン酸エステル、エリソルビン酸、エリソルビン酸塩、トコフェロール(ビタミンE)、ルチン、ビタミンA、β-カロチン、フラボノイド、カテキン、レシチン、アントシアン、没食子酸およびその誘導体、コエンザイムQ、ヒドロキシクエン酸、エラグ酸、ノルジヒドロアヤレチック酸、コシポール、セザモール、オキサ脂肪酸、コーヒー酸誘導体、オイゲノール、グアイヤク脂、胚芽油、トウモロコシ油、オリーブ葉搾油、ブチルヒドロキシアニソール(BHA)、2,6-ジ-第三ブチル-p-クレゾール、ジフェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン、4-アミノ-p-フェニレンジアミン等を挙げることができる。好ましくは、アスコルビン酸又はその塩が挙げられる。尚、上記の有機酸の塩としては、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、カルシウム塩等を挙げることができる。
本発明方法の第一工程において用いられる「酸化防止剤を含有する水溶液」は、上記の酸化防止剤を、0.001〜5%(w/v)、より好ましくは0.01〜1%(w/v)の濃度となるように、水に溶解または分散することにより、調製すればよい。尚、当該水溶液のpHとしては、植物種子の種類、含有する酸化防止剤の種類や濃度等によっても異なるが、例えば、約1.5〜約10の範囲内であればよい。
Examples of the “antioxidant” used in the first step of the method of the present invention include ascorbic acid (vitamin C), ascorbate, ascorbate, erythorbic acid, erythorbate, tocopherol (vitamin E), rutin, Vitamin A, β-carotene, flavonoids, catechin, lecithin, anthocyan, gallic acid and its derivatives, coenzyme Q, hydroxycitric acid, ellagic acid, nordihydroayaretic acid, cosipol, sezamol, oxa fatty acid, caffeic acid derivative, eugenol , Guaiac oil, germ oil, corn oil, olive leaf oil, butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, 4-amino-p-phenylenediamine Etc. Preferably, ascorbic acid or a salt thereof is used. Examples of the organic acid salts include sodium salts, potassium salts, and calcium salts.
The “aqueous solution containing an antioxidant” used in the first step of the method of the present invention contains 0.001 to 5% (w / v) of the above antioxidant, more preferably 0.01 to 1% ( What is necessary is just to prepare by melt | dissolving or disperse | distributing to water so that it may become a density | concentration of w / v). The pH of the aqueous solution varies depending on the type of plant seed, the type and concentration of the antioxidant contained therein, and may be in the range of about 1.5 to about 10, for example.
上記の「酸化防止剤を含有する水溶液」は、さらに浸透圧調節剤を含有する水溶液であってもよい。ここで使用できる「浸透圧調節剤」は、植物種子の発芽のための吸水処理において通常使用されるものであればよいが、具体的には例えば、硝酸カリウム、リン酸カリウム、ポリエチレングリコール、マンニトール等を挙げることができる。尚、当該水溶液の浸透圧としては、例えば、約−1.5MPa以上−0.2MPa未満程度の浸透圧を好ましく挙げることができる。ここで、ポリエチレングリコール等のポリマーを用いる場合における浸透圧は、例えば、ミッチェル(BURLYN E. MICHEL)等の研究(Plant Physiol Vol.51:914−916、1973)で明らかにされた、水1kg当たりの溶質量(g)C及び温度Tと浸透圧ψ(bar)の関係を示す次式、ψ(bar) = -(1.18 × 10 −2) C − (1.18× 10 −4) C2 + (2.67 × 10 −4) CT + (8.39 × 10 −7) C2 Tにおいて、特に記載していない限り液温Tを15℃として算出すればよい。一方、ポリマーではない硝酸カリウム等を用いる場合における浸透圧は、例えば、ファント・ホッフによる次式、PV = nRT(P:浸透圧、n:溶質のモル数、V:溶液の体積、T:絶対温度、R:気体定数)により、特に記載していない限り液温を15℃として算出すればよい。
また、「酸化防止剤を含有する水溶液」は、オーキシン、サイトカイニン、ジベレリン、アブシジン酸、エチレン発生剤等の植物生長調節物質又はその発生剤、並びに、チウラム、キャプタン等の殺菌性化合物を含んでいてもよい。
The “aqueous solution containing an antioxidant” may be an aqueous solution further containing an osmotic pressure regulator. The “osmotic pressure regulator” that can be used here may be any one that is normally used in water absorption treatment for germination of plant seeds. Specifically, for example, potassium nitrate, potassium phosphate, polyethylene glycol, mannitol, etc. Can be mentioned. In addition, as an osmotic pressure of the said aqueous solution, the osmotic pressure of about -1.5 MPa or more and less than -0.2 MPa can be mentioned preferably, for example. Here, the osmotic pressure in the case of using a polymer such as polyethylene glycol is, for example, per 1 kg of water, which has been clarified in a study such as BURLYN E. MICHEL (Plant Physiol Vol. 51: 914-916, 1973). The following equation showing the relationship between the solute mass (g) C, temperature T and osmotic pressure ψ (bar): ψ (bar) = − (1.18 × 10 −2 ) C − (1.18 × 10 −4 ) C 2 + (2.67 X 10 -4 ) CT + (8.39 x 10 -7 ) In C 2 T, the liquid temperature T may be calculated as 15 ° C. unless otherwise specified. On the other hand, the osmotic pressure in the case of using potassium nitrate or the like which is not a polymer is, for example, the following formula by Phant Hoff, PV = nRT (P: osmotic pressure, n: number of moles of solute, V: volume of solution, T: absolute temperature , R: gas constant), the liquid temperature may be calculated as 15 ° C. unless otherwise specified.
Further, the “aqueous solution containing an antioxidant” contains plant growth regulators such as auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, abscisic acid, ethylene generator or the generator thereof, and bactericidal compounds such as thiuram and captan. Also good.
本発明方法の第一工程において、植物種子を、酸化防止剤を含有する水溶液に接触させるには、例えば、(1)植物種子を、酸化防止剤を含有する水溶液に、約0.3時間〜約7日間程度、約2℃〜約40℃の条件下で浸漬する方法、(2)植物種子に、酸化防止剤を含有する水溶液を、約2℃〜約40℃の条件下で添加して約1時間〜約14日間程度放置する方法、(3)酸化防止剤を含有する水溶液をゲルや多孔質の担持体等に吸収させた後、当該担体等に植物種子を約1時間〜約14日間程度、約2℃〜約40℃の条件下で接触させる方法、等を用いればよい。
また本発明方法の第一工程では、前記水溶液の中に空気を供給しながら、植物種子を前記水溶液に接触させることが好ましい。供給される空気の量としては、例えば、種子1リットルあたり約0.02リットル/min〜約20リットル/min等をあげることができる。
In the first step of the method of the present invention, in order to bring plant seeds into contact with an aqueous solution containing an antioxidant, for example, (1) plant seeds are brought into an aqueous solution containing an antioxidant for about 0.3 hours to (2) An aqueous solution containing an antioxidant is added to plant seeds at a temperature of about 2 ° C. to about 40 ° C. for about 7 days. (3) An aqueous solution containing an antioxidant is absorbed by a gel or a porous carrier, and then plant seeds are loaded on the carrier for about 1 hour to about 14 hours. What is necessary is just to use the method of making it contact on the conditions of about 2 degreeC-about 40 degreeC etc. for about a day.
In the first step of the method of the present invention, it is preferable to contact the plant seed with the aqueous solution while supplying air to the aqueous solution. Examples of the amount of air to be supplied include about 0.02 liter / min to about 20 liter / min per liter of seed.
本発明方法の第二工程において、前記接触工程(即ち、第一工程)後に、前記植物種子を種子含水率10%以下まで乾燥させるには、例えば、相対湿度約50%以下の除湿および/または約20℃〜約60℃に加熱した空気を供給しながら、約0.5時間〜約24時間乾燥する方法等を用いればよい。なお、乾燥工程における種子のダメージをできるだけ避けるには、種子温度を約10℃〜約35℃に維持することが望ましい。 In the second step of the method of the present invention, after the contacting step (ie, the first step), in order to dry the plant seeds to a seed moisture content of 10% or less, for example, dehumidification with a relative humidity of about 50% or less and / or A method of drying for about 0.5 hours to about 24 hours while supplying air heated to about 20 ° C. to about 60 ° C. may be used. In addition, in order to avoid the damage of the seed in a drying process as much as possible, it is desirable to maintain seed temperature at about 10 degreeC-about 35 degreeC.
ここで「種子含水率」とは、植物種子の生重量中に占める水分重量の百分率をいう。含水率は、例えば、「種苗読本」(日本種苗協会発行、2002年)に記載されている方法で測定できる。すなわち、既知重量(A)の秤量瓶に種子を入れて種子を含む秤量瓶の重量(B)を測定した後、蓋を開けた状態で105℃で16時間乾燥する。乾燥後、直ちに秤量瓶に蓋をして室温まで冷却し、種子を含む秤量瓶の重量(C)を測定する。種子含水率は、(B−C)/(B−A)×100(%)と表される。
また本発明方法の第ニ工程では、例えば、約15℃〜約50℃程度の空気を供給しながら、前記植物種子を乾燥させることが好ましい。供給される空気はできるだけ乾燥したものが好ましく、また供給される空気の量としては、例えば、種子1リットルあたり約0.2リットル/min〜約5000リットル/min等をあげることができる。
Here, the “seed moisture content” refers to the percentage of the moisture weight in the raw weight of the plant seed. The water content can be measured, for example, by the method described in “Seedling Reader” (published by Japan Seedling Association, 2002). That is, seeds are placed in a weighing bottle of known weight (A) and the weight (B) of the weighing bottle containing seeds is measured, and then dried at 105 ° C. for 16 hours with the lid opened. Immediately after drying, cover the weighing bottle, cool to room temperature, and measure the weight (C) of the weighing bottle containing the seeds. The moisture content of seeds is expressed as (B−C) / (B−A) × 100 (%).
In the second step of the method of the present invention, for example, it is preferable to dry the plant seed while supplying air of about 15 ° C. to about 50 ° C. The supplied air is preferably as dry as possible, and the amount of air supplied can be, for example, about 0.2 liter / min to about 5000 liter / min per liter of seed.
このようにして、植物種子に本発明方法を施すことにより、良好な発芽率が維持された乾燥植物種子を製造することができる。 In this way, by applying the method of the present invention to plant seeds, it is possible to produce dry plant seeds that maintain a good germination rate.
さらに本発明製造方法により製造された乾燥植物種子を通常の方法で播種し、通常の育苗方法を用いて育苗することにより、植物を栽培すればよい。
製造された乾燥植物種子を発芽させるには、当該乾燥植物種子に対して通常の吸水処理操作を施せばよい。具体的には、吸水に用いる水溶液としては、例えば、水又はオーキシン、サイトカイニン、ジベレリン、アブシジン酸、エチレン発生剤などの植物生長調節物質またはその発生剤、硝酸カリウム、リン酸カリウム等の無機塩類、ポリエチレングリコール、マニトール等の糖類、チウラム、キャプタン等の殺菌剤等の化合物のうち1種類若しくは2種類以上が添加された水等を挙げることができる。吸水方法としては、例えば、一定の含水率となる量の水溶液を種子に直接添加してドラム等の容器中で植物種子を流動させながら吸水させる方法、水溶液中に植物種子を一定時間浸漬し吸水させる方法、水溶液をゲルや多孔質の担持体に吸収させた後に植物種子と接触させて植物種子に吸水させる方法等を挙げることができる。吸水の処理条件としては、例えば、約2〜約40℃の一定温度若しくは変温条件等の処理温度、約0.3時間〜約14日間等の処理時間等を挙げることができる。
Furthermore, what is necessary is just to cultivate a plant by sowing the dry plant seed manufactured by this invention manufacturing method by a normal method, and raising a seedling using a normal seedling raising method.
In order to germinate the produced dry plant seed, a normal water absorption treatment operation may be performed on the dry plant seed. Specifically, examples of the aqueous solution used for water absorption include water or plant growth regulators such as auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, abscisic acid, and ethylene generator, or generators thereof, inorganic salts such as potassium nitrate and potassium phosphate, polyethylene, and the like. Examples include water to which one or two or more kinds of compounds such as saccharides such as glycol and mannitol and fungicides such as thiuram and captan are added. As a water absorption method, for example, a method of directly adding an aqueous solution of a constant water content to seeds to absorb the water while allowing plant seeds to flow in a container such as a drum, and soaking plant seeds in the aqueous solution for a certain period of time. And a method in which an aqueous solution is absorbed by a gel or a porous carrier and then brought into contact with a plant seed to absorb water into the plant seed. Examples of the water absorption treatment conditions include a treatment temperature such as a constant temperature of about 2 to about 40 ° C. or a temperature change condition, a treatment time of about 0.3 hours to about 14 days, and the like.
以下、本発明を製造例、試験例等の実施例により、さらに詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらの例に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples such as Production Examples and Test Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
製造例1
トウガラシ種子10gを、アスコルビン酸0.2%を含有する水溶液40ml(pH3.0)中に、20℃で48時間浸漬処理した。浸漬処理中には、空気を当該水溶液の下層部から供給しながら、当該空気により前記植物種子を攪拌した。
上記処理後、得られた植物種子を流水で1分間洗浄した後、当該植物種子を金網製のトレイに入れ、トレイ底部から30℃の空気を供給しながら40分間乾燥した。さらに当該植物種子の入ったトレイに、上部から35℃の空気を供給しながら16時間乾燥することにより、種子含水率7.2%の乾燥植物種子を得た。
Production Example 1
10 g of pepper seeds were soaked in 20 ml of an aqueous solution containing 0.2% of ascorbic acid (pH 3.0) at 20 ° C. for 48 hours. During the dipping treatment, the plant seeds were stirred with the air while supplying air from the lower layer of the aqueous solution.
After the treatment, the obtained plant seeds were washed with running water for 1 minute, and then the plant seeds were placed in a wire mesh tray and dried for 40 minutes while supplying air at 30 ° C. from the bottom of the tray. Furthermore, dried plant seeds having a seed moisture content of 7.2% were obtained by drying the trays containing the plant seeds for 16 hours while supplying air at 35 ° C. from above.
製造例2
カンラン種子10gを、アスコルビン酸0.1%及び硝酸カリウムを2%含有する水溶液40ml(pH3.1)中に、20℃で12時間浸漬処理した。浸漬処理中には、空気を当該水溶液の下層部から供給しながら、当該空気により前記植物種子を攪拌した。
上記処理後、得られた植物種子を流水で1分間洗浄した後、当該植物種子を金網製のトレイに入れ、トレイ底部から30℃の空気を供給しながら40分間乾燥した。さらに当該植物種子の入ったトレイに、上部から35℃の空気を供給しながら16時間乾燥することにより、種子含水率6.4%の乾燥植物種子を得た。
Production Example 2
10 g of kanran seeds were soaked at 20 ° C. for 12 hours in 40 ml of an aqueous solution containing 0.1% ascorbic acid and 2% potassium nitrate (pH 3.1). During the dipping treatment, the plant seeds were stirred with the air while supplying air from the lower layer of the aqueous solution.
After the treatment, the obtained plant seeds were washed with running water for 1 minute, and then the plant seeds were placed in a wire mesh tray and dried for 40 minutes while supplying air at 30 ° C. from the bottom of the tray. Furthermore, dried plant seeds having a seed moisture content of 6.4% were obtained by drying the trays containing the plant seeds for 16 hours while supplying air at 35 ° C. from above.
試験例1
ナス種子5gを、下記に示す供試水溶液20ml中に、20℃で48時間浸漬処理した。浸漬処理中には、空気を当該水溶液の下層部から供給しながら、当該空気により前記植物種子を攪拌した。
上記処理後、得られた植物種子を流水で1分間洗浄した後、当該植物種子を金網製のトレイに入れ、トレイ底部から30℃の空気を供給しながら40分間乾燥した。さらに当該植物種子の入ったトレイに、上部から35℃の空気を供給しながら16時間乾燥することにより、種子含水率約6%の乾燥植物種子を得た。
Test example 1
Eggplant seeds 5 g were immersed in 20 ml of the test aqueous solution shown below at 20 ° C. for 48 hours. During the dipping treatment, the plant seeds were stirred with the air while supplying air from the lower layer of the aqueous solution.
After the treatment, the obtained plant seeds were washed with running water for 1 minute, and then the plant seeds were placed in a wire mesh tray and dried for 40 minutes while supplying air at 30 ° C. from the bottom of the tray. Furthermore, dried plant seeds having a seed moisture content of about 6% were obtained by drying the trays containing the plant seeds for 16 hours while supplying air at 35 ° C. from above.
<供試水溶液(酸化防止剤を含有する水溶液、比較対照水溶液)>
(1)水溶液1:硝酸カリウム2%(w/v)及びアスコルビン酸 0.2%(w/v)を含有する水溶液(pH3.0)
(2)水溶液2:アスコルビン酸 0.2%(w/v)を含有する水溶液(pH3.0)
(3)比較例1:硝酸カリウム2%(w/v)を含有する水溶液 (pH4.1)
(4)比較例2:水のみ(pH6.7)
<Test aqueous solution (aqueous solution containing antioxidant, comparative aqueous solution)>
(1) Aqueous solution 1: Aqueous solution (pH 3.0) containing 2% (w / v) potassium nitrate and 0.2% (w / v) ascorbic acid
(2) Aqueous solution 2: Aqueous solution containing ascorbic acid 0.2% (w / v) (pH 3.0)
(3) Comparative Example 1: Aqueous solution containing 2% (w / v) potassium nitrate (pH 4.1)
(4) Comparative Example 2: Water only (pH 6.7)
このようにして得られた乾燥植物種子50粒づつを、直径9cmのシャーレ内にろ紙(アドバンテック社製、No.2)2枚を重ねて敷き詰め、4.5mlの水を加えた上に播種した。このシャーレを30℃・明条件(約3000ルックス)・8時間/20℃・暗条件・16時間を1サイクル24時間で繰り返す環境条件下に置き、発芽試験(各試験区については2反復、合計100粒の植物種子を用いた試験)を実施した。尚、当該発芽試験中の吸水処理後3日目、4日目及び5日目に種子の発芽率(%)を調査した。
その結果、表1より明らかなように、本発明方法区(水溶液1及び水溶液2)における発芽率は、比較方法区(比較例1及び比較例2)における発芽率よりも著しく良好な結果(即ち、より高い発芽率)が得られており、本発明方法における効果が確認された。
また、表1のから明らかなように、本発明方法区(水溶液1及び水溶液2)における発芽速度(VG)は、比較方法区(比較例1及び比較例2)における発芽速度よりも著しく良好な結果(即ち、より速い発芽)が得られており、本発明方法における効果が確認された。ただし、発芽速度(VG)は、Σ(n日目の発芽率−(n−1)日目の発芽率)/nで算出される。
50 dry plant seeds obtained in this way were laid on top of two filter papers (No. 2 made by Advantech) in a petri dish with a diameter of 9 cm, seeded after adding 4.5 ml of water. . The petri dish was placed under environmental conditions of 30 ° C, light conditions (approximately 3000 lux), 8 hours / 20 ° C, dark conditions, 16 hours in a cycle of 24 hours, and germination test (two repetitions for each test group, total (Test using 100 plant seeds). In addition, the germination rate (%) of the seed was investigated on the 3rd day, the 4th day, and the 5th day after the water absorption treatment in the germination test.
As a result, as apparent from Table 1, the germination rate in the method group of the present invention (aqueous solution 1 and aqueous solution 2) was significantly better than the germination rate in the comparative method group (Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2) (ie, Higher germination rate), and the effect of the method of the present invention was confirmed.
Further, as apparent from Table 1, the germination rate (VG) in the method group of the present invention (aqueous solution 1 and aqueous solution 2) is significantly better than the germination rate in the comparative method group (Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2). The result (that is, faster germination) was obtained, and the effect in the method of the present invention was confirmed. However, the germination rate (VG) is calculated by Σ (the germination rate on the nth day−the germination rate on the (n−1) th day) / n.
試験例2
試験例1で準備した種子を、アルミニウムを蒸着した袋に入れて密封して、30℃で6ヶ月間保管した。保管後の種子50粒づつを、直径9cmのシャーレ内にろ紙(アドバンテック社製、No.2)2枚を重ねて敷き詰め、4.5mlの水を加えた上に播種した。このシャーレを30℃・明条件(約3000ルックス)・8時間/20℃・暗条件・16時間を1サイクル24時間で繰り返す環境条件下に置き、発芽試験(各試験区については2反復、合計100粒の植物種子を用いた試験)を実施した。尚、当該発芽試験中の吸水処理後3日目、4日目及び5日目に種子の発芽率(%)を調査した。
その結果、表2より明らかなように、6ヶ月保存後の本発明方法区(水溶液1及び水溶液2)における発芽率は、比較方法区(比較例1及び比較例2)における発芽率よりも著しく良好な結果(即ち、より高い発芽率)が得られており、本発明方法における効果が確認された。
また、表2から明らかなように、6ヶ月保存後の本発明方法区(水溶液1及び水溶液2)における発芽速度(VG)は、比較方法区(比較例1及び比較例2)における発芽速度よりも著しく良好な結果(即ち、より速い発芽)が得られており、本発明方法における効果が確認された。
Test example 2
The seed prepared in Test Example 1 was sealed in an aluminum-deposited bag and stored at 30 ° C. for 6 months. 50 seeds each after storage were spread in a petri dish having a diameter of 9 cm with two filter papers (manufactured by Advantech Co., No. 2) overlaid, seeded after adding 4.5 ml of water. The petri dish was placed under environmental conditions of 30 ° C, light conditions (approximately 3000 lux), 8 hours / 20 ° C, dark conditions, 16 hours in a cycle of 24 hours, and germination test (two repetitions for each test group, total (Test using 100 plant seeds). In addition, the germination rate (%) of the seed was investigated on the 3rd day, the 4th day, and the 5th day after the water absorption treatment in the germination test.
As a result, as apparent from Table 2, the germination rate in the method group of the present invention (aqueous solution 1 and aqueous solution 2) after storage for 6 months is significantly higher than the germination rate in the comparative method group (Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2). Good results (that is, higher germination rate) were obtained, and the effect in the method of the present invention was confirmed.
Further, as apparent from Table 2, the germination rate (VG) in the method group of the present invention (aqueous solution 1 and aqueous solution 2) after storage for 6 months is larger than the germination rate in the comparative method group (Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2). Also, extremely good results (that is, faster germination) were obtained, and the effect in the method of the present invention was confirmed.
試験例3
ナス種子5gを、下記に示す供試水溶液20ml中に、20℃で48時間浸漬処理した。浸漬処理中には、空気を当該水溶液の下層部から供給しながら、当該空気により前記植物種子を攪拌した。
上記処理後、得られた植物種子を流水で1分間洗浄した後、当該植物種子を金網製のトレイに入れ、トレイ底部から30℃の空気を供給しながら40分間乾燥した。さらに当該植物種子の入ったトレイに、上部から35℃の空気を供給しながら16時間乾燥することにより、種子含水率約6%の乾燥植物種子を得た。
Test example 3
Eggplant seeds 5 g were immersed in 20 ml of the test aqueous solution shown below at 20 ° C. for 48 hours. During the dipping treatment, the plant seeds were stirred with the air while supplying air from the lower layer of the aqueous solution.
After the treatment, the obtained plant seeds were washed with running water for 1 minute, and then the plant seeds were placed in a wire mesh tray and dried for 40 minutes while supplying air at 30 ° C. from the bottom of the tray. Furthermore, dried plant seeds having a seed moisture content of about 6% were obtained by drying the trays containing the plant seeds for 16 hours while supplying air at 35 ° C. from above.
<供試水溶液(酸化防止剤を含有する水溶液、比較対照水溶液)>
(1)水溶液3:アスコルビン酸 0.001%(w/v)を含有する水溶液(pH3.9)
(2)水溶液4:アスコルビン酸 0.01%(w/v)を含有する水溶液 (pH3.5)
(3)水溶液5:アスコルビン酸 0.1%(w/v)を含有する水溶液(pH3.0)
(4)水溶液6:アスコルビン酸 1%(w/v)を含有する水溶液(pH2.5)
(5)水溶液7:アスコルビン酸 5%(w/v)を含有する水溶液(pH2.2)
(6)比較例3:水のみ
(7)比較例4:アスコルビン酸 0.0001%(w/v)を含有する水溶液(pH4.4)
(8)比較例5:アスコルビン酸 10%(w/v)を含有する水溶液(pH2.0)
<Test aqueous solution (aqueous solution containing antioxidant, comparative aqueous solution)>
(1) Aqueous solution 3: An aqueous solution containing 0.001% (w / v) ascorbic acid (pH 3.9)
(2) Aqueous solution 4: Aqueous solution containing 0.01% (w / v) ascorbic acid (pH 3.5)
(3) Aqueous solution 5: aqueous solution (pH 3.0) containing 0.1% (w / v) ascorbic acid
(4) Aqueous solution 6: aqueous solution containing 1% (w / v) ascorbic acid (pH 2.5)
(5) Aqueous solution 7: aqueous solution containing 5% (w / v) ascorbic acid (pH 2.2)
(6) Comparative Example 3: Water only (7) Comparative Example 4: Aqueous solution containing 0.0001% (w / v) ascorbic acid (pH 4.4)
(8) Comparative Example 5: Aqueous solution containing 10% (w / v) ascorbic acid (pH 2.0)
このようにして得られた乾燥植物種子50粒づつを、直径9cmのシャーレ内にろ紙(アドバンテック社製、No.2)2枚を重ねて敷き詰め、4.5mlの水を加えた上に播種した。このシャーレを、30℃・明条件(約3000ルックス)・8時間/20℃・暗条件・16時間を1サイクル24時間で繰り返す環境条件下に置き、発芽試験(各試験区については2反復、合計100粒の植物種子を用いた試験)を実施した。尚、当該発芽試験中の吸水処理後3日目、4日目及び5日目に種子の発芽率(%)を調査した。
その結果、表3より明らかなように、本発明方法区(水溶液3、水溶液4、水溶液5、水溶液6及び水溶液7)における発芽率は、比較方法区(比較例3、比較例4及び比較例5)における発芽率よりも著しく良好な結果(即ち、より高い発芽率)が得られており、本発明方法における効果が確認された。
また、表5のから明らかなように、本発明方法区(水溶液3、水溶液4、水溶液5、水溶液6及び水溶液7)における発芽速度(VG)は、比較方法区(比較例3、比較例4及び比較例5)における発芽速度よりも著しく良好な結果(即ち、より速い発芽)が得られており、本発明方法における効果が確認された。ただし、発芽速度(VG)は、Σ(n日目の発芽率−(n−1)日目の発芽率)/nで算出される。
50 dry plant seeds obtained in this way were laid on top of two filter papers (No. 2 made by Advantech) in a petri dish with a diameter of 9 cm, seeded after adding 4.5 ml of water. . The petri dish was placed under environmental conditions where 30 ° C, light conditions (approximately 3000 lux), 8 hours / 20 ° C, dark conditions, 16 hours were repeated for 24 hours in one cycle, and germination test (two repetitions for each test group, A test using a total of 100 plant seeds) was carried out. In addition, the germination rate (%) of the seed was investigated on the 3rd day, the 4th day, and the 5th day after the water absorption treatment in the germination test.
As a result, as is clear from Table 3, the germination rate in the method group of the present invention (aqueous solution 3, aqueous solution 4, aqueous solution 5, aqueous solution 6 and aqueous solution 7) was compared with the comparative method group (Comparative Example 3, Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example). The result (that is, a higher germination rate) remarkably better than the germination rate in 5) was obtained, and the effect in the method of the present invention was confirmed.
Further, as apparent from Table 5, the germination rate (VG) in the method group of the present invention (aqueous solution 3, aqueous solution 4, aqueous solution 5, aqueous solution 6 and aqueous solution 7) was compared with the comparative method group (Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4). And the result (namely, faster germination) remarkably better than the germination rate in Comparative Example 5) was obtained, and the effect in the method of the present invention was confirmed. However, the germination rate (VG) is calculated by Σ (the germination rate on the nth day−the germination rate on the (n−1) th day) / n.
本発明によれば、植物種子における発芽促進のための方法であって、使用できる方法に係る選択肢を広げ、また従来から知られた方法との併用をも可能とし、さらに植物種子の長期保存を達成し得るための、新たな技術的操作・手段を有する方法を提供可能とする。
According to the present invention, it is a method for promoting germination in plant seeds, which expands the options related to the methods that can be used, enables combined use with conventionally known methods, and further enables long-term storage of plant seeds. It is possible to provide a method having new technical operations and means to be achieved.
Claims (7)
(1)植物種子を、酸化防止剤を0.001〜5%含有する水溶液に接触させる第一工程、及び
(2)前記接触工程後に、前記植物種子を種子含水率10%以下まで乾燥させる第二工程を有することを特徴とする方法。 A treatment method for promoting germination of plant seeds,
(1) a first step of contacting plant seeds with an aqueous solution containing 0.001 to 5% of an antioxidant; and (2) a step of drying the plant seeds to a seed moisture content of 10% or less after the contacting step. A method comprising two steps.
(1)植物種子を、酸化防止剤を0.001〜5%含有する水溶液に接触させる第一工程、及び
(2)前記接触工程後に、前記植物種子を種子含水率10%以下まで乾燥させる第二工程を有することを特徴とする方法。 A method for producing dry plant seeds that maintains a good germination rate,
(1) a first step of contacting plant seeds with an aqueous solution containing 0.001 to 5% of an antioxidant; and (2) a step of drying the plant seeds to a seed moisture content of 10% or less after the contacting step. A method comprising two steps.
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| JP2023536750A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2023-08-29 | インスティトュート ナシオナル ドゥ ルシェルシェ プル ラグリキュルテュール,ラリマンタスィヨン エ ランヴィロンヌマン | Seed treatment kit |
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| CN108521929A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-14 | 陕西师范大学 | Application of the ascorbic acid as termination of diapause accelerating agent in breaking seed dormancy |
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