JP4646172B2 - How to create seaweed beds - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a technique for constructing an algae basin (also referred to as an undersea forest) centered on seaweeds that brings about the propagation of seafood and contributes greatly to the improvement of the marine environment. The present invention relates to an algae field construction technology that can form a permanent algal field with a high success rate in a short period of time by maintaining the growth environment of the seaweed seedling for transplantation introduced from outside as a good state. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Currently, the promotion of coastal fisheries is an important issue in Japan, and the growth and aquaculture of seafood and seaweed are being promoted. However, in the coastal areas, seaweed beds disappear due to various causes, and the seafood that uses the seaweed baths as a place of life is drastically reduced. ing.
[0003]
Seaweeds generally grow on the relatively shallow rock surface of the seabed and propagate there. However, the seaweeds are environmentally friendly because there are often no maternal groups that are the source of zoospores nearby, and the surface of the rock that forms the bed is often covered with lime algae. However, the situation is extremely difficult to settle. In addition, seaweeds are originally difficult to grow in sandy mud. Therefore, it is important to try to introduce seaweed from the outside in the regeneration of the seaweed beds in such a seawater-burning sea area and the construction of seaweed beds in the sand mud sea area.
[0004]
Conventionally, as a method for creating a seaweed bed, a structure such as a concrete block (referred to as “building structure” in the present specification) with various devices that can function as an agglomeration floor of seaweed is installed. A general method is to wait for the seaweed to naturally settle on the surface of the structure. However, these conventional methods depend on natural establishment through zoospores, so that the establishment of seaweed in the early stage of development is not only greatly influenced by uncertain natural factors, but also in the establishment of seaweed beds. There was a fundamental problem in terms of creation efficiency and certainty, which took time.
[0005]
Therefore, by using the seedlings used in wakame culture, etc., by winding thin twisted yarns on which the seaweed juveniles have been pre-established and wound around the construction structure such as concrete blocks, the seedlings are submerged. Attempts have been made to achieve a prosperous state through zoospores released from mature seaweed that have settled on the surface of the construction structure. However, this conventional method is not only difficult to fix the seed and seedlings to the construction structure, but is also unstable in the state after the attachment, and is applied to the construction structure already installed in the sea. It was almost impossible. In addition, even after installation, if there is any problem with the fixed state of the seed and seedlings with respect to the construction structure, the seeds and seeds that are thin and unstable in shape, the deterioration of the fixed state expands from the problem location, There was a drawback that it would easily fall off. In particular, since the seedling thread itself has little strength, seaweed seedlings must be handled in the form of very small juveniles, and they often grow well and do not grow well after construction. there were. For this reason, there are many problems in the above-described method of applying seedling yarn as it is as a means for transplanting seaweed seedlings.
[0006]
Therefore, as a result of studying the handling of the seaweed for transplantation and the shape of the structure for construction, the present applicant has found that the seaweed seedling seedling is supported by a ring-shaped fixing body made of an appropriate elastic material such as a synthetic resin. We have already proposed a technique to create a seaweed bed with the seeds of seaweed seedlings grown at the place as a base by preparing a ring with a ring in advance and attaching it to the columnar part of the columnar structure for construction as a seaweed for transplantation. (See Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 10-136813 and 2000-139267). In the seaweed bed construction by combining this columnar structure and a ring with seaweed seedlings, the use of a fixing ring makes it easy to attach seaweed seedlings to the construction structure, and also has the advantage of stabilizing the subsequent mounting state. is there. In particular, since these transplanted seaweeds are fixed to columnar portions arranged almost vertically in the sea, the seaweed seedlings that will be the mother algae are greatly improved over the conventional method in terms of the growth environment, and good results are achieved. Has been obtained. That is, in this method of introducing seaweed seedlings for transplantation into the sea by attaching an appropriate number of seaweed seedling carrying tools to the columnar part of the construction structure, the amount of introduction per unit area of the sea area at the time of creation is easily increased. The core structure of the seaweed basin, such as that the seaweed seedlings installed in the columnar part are well distributed with oxygen and nutrients, and that the growth conditions of the seaweed against the depth of the seaweed are easy to satisfy and are not easily affected by food damage or sand drift. As there are many advantages over the previous ones.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above method, the seaweed seedlings that are attached to a predetermined position of the construction structure at the time of construction are based on the fact that they are firmly established and grow in a short period of time using them as the settlement floor, so that the algal bodies are easily displaced by the ocean current. It is fixed so that there is no. For this reason, the fixed seaweed seedlings were susceptible to damage by fertile vegetation animals such as abalone and turban shells that crawled up from under the construction structure, and this was a factor that reduced the success rate of seaweed development. .
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the problems of these prior arts, and succeeded by installing seaweed seedlings for transplantation introduced at the time of construction under good growth conditions that are not susceptible to food damage and utilizing them as mother algae. providing seaweed Construction how to achieve the rate enhancement of it is an object.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the seaweed seedling creation method according to the present invention includes a seaweed seedling carrying tool that supports a seaweed seedling and can be swung in the sea, and is attached to the columnar portion of the construction structure having a columnar structure. the is the also characterized in that to flourish seaweed around the mother algae.
[0010]
In the method of the present invention, the seaweed seedlings to be introduced into the target area for the seaweed formation along with the structure for forming the columnar structure are shaken by the seaweed seedling support tool on the columnar portion with respect to the flow in the sea. Since it is installed in a movable state, that is, in a floating state, dwarf animals such as sea urchins and turban shells are unlikely to crawl on the seaweed seedling carrier and are not easily damaged by these organisms. Therefore, the survival rate of the seaweed seedlings growing on the seaweed seedling carrier is high, and can be effectively used as a mother alga in the seaweed field construction. In particular, when a seaweed seedling carrier is attached to the upper part of the columnar part, a plurality of seaweed seedlings that swing while being supported on the string-like body are affected by the shadows that change with respect to the lower space of the columnar part. since creating, I arranged effect coupled with the columnar portion in the vertical direction, tends to swarm fish to reclamation for structure, it increases the function of the reef. Furthermore, since the whole algal body is in a floating state, the local force leading to the breakage is less likely to concentrate on the leaf-like portion than that fixed to the building structure at the stem-like portion or temporary root portion. For this reason, leaf-shaped parts are rarely torn even in places where the ocean current is fast, and mature seaweed seedlings have played a role as a source of zoospores for a long period of time, realizing the state of overgrown seaweed around . In addition, in the seaweed seedling carrying tool, even when a large number of seaweed seedlings are growing in close proximity to each other, they can be made uniform in terms of the light environment by swinging them regardless of the respective landing position. Can hold seaweed seedlings in a good growth environment.
[0011]
Next, as a seaweed seedling carrying tool used in the above-mentioned algae bed construction method, it is placed on a columnar part of an appropriate place construction structure in an algae bed construction area on one end side, and is in a standing state by a floating body provided on the other end side. A swingable string-like body carrying a seaweed seedling or a anchoring body fixed on a columnar part of a construction structure is supported in a swingable state. Are suitable.
[0012]
The former seaweed seedling carrying tool is held in a state where the string-like body swings above the columnar part and does not hang down, so that the underwater space around the columnar part of the construction structure should be used efficiently. Can do. In addition, one end side of the string-like body of the seaweed seedling carrying tool is fixed to the columnar part of the construction structure, and the other end side is made swingable, so that the zoospores released from the mature seaweed seedling diffuse around In addition, the close-up surface of the columnar part or the like increases the rate of establishment of the zoosthere with respect to the construction structure.
[0013]
In addition, when the latter seaweed seedling support tool is used integrally with a structure for building a columnar structure , the seaweed seedling seedling supported on the string-like body is not directly attached to the columnar portion of the structure for building. By interposing the body, the attachment work is simplified. That is, as a fixing body for mounting, a flexible material such as a synthetic resin is used to form a substantially annular shape in which one part is open, and the space between the open ends is widened with respect to the columnar part. Can be mounted from, or the same material is formed in a substantially band shape, and when mounted on the columnar part, it is mounted in an annular shape along its peripheral surface, or is formed as an endless ring, For the columnar part, one inserted from the upper end is suitable. And, by attaching a string-like body on which the seaweed seedlings that become the mother algae are oscillating to these fixed bodies, the seaweed seedlings on the string-like bodies are protected from food damage. At the same time, it prevents fracturing of the leaf-like part leading to the loss of mother algae.
[0014]
The string-like body in which seaweed seedling seedlings used in the above-mentioned seaweed seedling seedling seedling is applied to a method generally used in seaweed cultivation, for example, Cremona (trade name) in a water tank in which seaweed zoospores float. After immersing an adherent base material such as seedlings and seedlings suitable for the attachment of seaweed zoospores, etc. and attaching the seaweed zoospore to this seed, germinate the attached base material as it is, with an appropriate thickness such as a rope or hose. A string-like body (in the present invention, a hollow thing such as a hose is also included in the form of a string) is attached by spiral winding, etc., and this is installed horizontally or suspended in the sea. It is grown until the temporary roots of seaweed juveniles adhere to the string-like body and have an appropriate size enough to withstand transplantation. The size varies depending on the type of seaweed, the construction time, the environment of the creation area, etc. In the case of the seaweed, for example, the length of the leaf-shaped portion is generally preferably about 10 cm or more. Further, the attachment to the fixing body intended for the structure for building the columnar structure is intended for a portion excluding the surface engaging with the columnar portion of the building structure, for example, longer than the entire length of the fixing body. The string-like body is made to run along almost the entire length of the peripheral surface located on the outer peripheral side, and the extra length portion forms a swingable portion as it is in an unconstrained state. It is also possible to form a part that can be swung with a part of the fixing body not along the entire circumference, or by fixing only the end part, and leaving the remaining part unconstrained. For fixing the string-like body to the fixing body, for example, a plurality of hook-like portions are formed at predetermined intervals on the surface of the fixing body which is the outside when attached to the columnar portion, or a fastener is separately provided therein. It is possible to integrate the fixing body and the string-like body by using them. As the type of seaweed used in the present invention, seaweeds such as arame, kajime and kurome are preferred because they have high food value and can form large-scale seaweed beds called underwater forests. Among them, pickled arame is suitable for handling as in the present invention, but of course it is not limited to the seaweed seaweed, depending on the purpose of seaweed development, such as when focusing on the role as a spawning place for seafood. Is widely applicable to other kinds of seaweed.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention prevents the loss of seedling seaweed due to feeding damage and breakage on the leaf-like part of the seaweed seedling by using a combination of a seaweed seedling holding device that holds the seaweed seedling in a rockable state and a structure for constructing a columnar structure. Uniform light conditions in the place and form a good growth environment for seaweed seedlings. As a result, the survival rate of the mother algae introduced from the outside as a supply source of the zoospores is increased and utilized as a starting point for the creation of the algae ground. As the reclamation for structures, in addition to those described above columnar structure, a structure comprising a columnar portion such as a so-called parallel type reef formed in a lattice frame shape are applicable, the material is not particularly limited. In addition, when the seaweed seedling support tool is used together with the construction structure, the installation work is carried out in the sea after the construction structure is submerged in the target sea area, or on a trolley on which the construction structure is placed. For example, the attachment timing may be appropriately selected. Furthermore, in order to enhance adhesion of zoospores supplied from the seaweed seedling carrier and to ensure further growth, it is desirable to apply an algae coating to the surface of the structure. The algae nourishing paint in this case may be a paint containing a general chemical fertilizer, and among them, a water environment improvement paint comprising the photosynthetic bacteria proposed by the applicant, porous particles, and nutrient components of the photosynthetic bacteria ( JP-A-5-247378 is particularly suitable. When this paint is applied, it is possible to maintain a high growth rate of seaweeds and stably supply nutrients necessary for seaweed growth over a long period of time.
[0016]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a reference example of the algae bed construction method , and is composed of a seaweed seedling carrier 1 and a construction structure 2. The seaweed seedling carrier 1 according to the illustrated reference example has an anchor body 13 having an appropriate weight connected to one end side of a rope 12 such as a rope on which the seaweed seedling 11 is growing, and a floating body on the other end side. 14 is attached, and in the reference example, the rope 12 is installed in a swingable state at a predetermined position between the building structures 2. Moreover, the structure 2 for creation installed near the seaweed seedling carrier 1 has a structure in which circular pillars 22 are erected near each corner of a rectangular concrete base 21 in plan view. Incidentally, the length of the columnar portion 22 is preferably about 4 m, but it is appropriately changed depending on the water depth of the installation place, the type of seaweed seedling used, and the length and creation of the rope 12 in the seaweed seedling carrier 1 The distance from the structural structure 2 is also appropriately selected according to the flow conditions. Although not shown in the figure, it is more convenient to increase the growth density of seaweeds by setting up something that can become an agglomeration bed of seaweeds such as abandoned stones, rather than leaving sand around the construction structure 2. is there.
[0017]
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing an attachment state of the seaweed seedling 11 to the rope 12 in the seaweed seedling carrier 1 of FIG. The seaweed seedling 11 used here is an aquaculture seedling that applies a method performed in seaweed culture or the like. That is, after soaking seedlings suitable for adhesion of zoospores such as Cremona (trade name) in a water tank in which seaweed zoospores float, A seedling thread 12a grown to an appropriate size is cut into a length of about 10 to 20 cm, and both end portions thereof are fixed to a thick rope 12 by a binding band 12b. In the seaweed seedling holder 1 according to the embodiment, such seedling yarns 12 a are fixed in places in the longitudinal direction of the rope 12.
[0018]
Then, after the seaweed seedling carrier 1 and the construction structure 2 having the above-described configuration are installed on the seabed in the target area, when the seaweed seedling seedling 11 held on the rope 12 of the seaweed seedling carrier 1 matures, the surroundings are innumerable. The zoospores are released and adhere to the surface of the construction structure 2 or the boulder or the like nearby. The seaweed that has grown and grown here releases zoospores as well. By repeating this, the growth range of seaweed gradually expands and a seaweed bed is formed. In this case, the seaweed seedling carrier 1 has a structure in which only the lower end side of the rope 12 is fixed, and the entire rope 12 swings freely with the lower end as a fulcrum. The seaweed seedling 11 has a structure that hardly adheres to the seaweed and is less susceptible to food damage. Further, in the leaf-like portion of the seaweed seedling that becomes a flow resistance, the force is less likely to concentrate than in the case of the conventional fixed structure, and even when the flow at the installation place is fast, the seaweed seedling carrier 1 holds the force. The seaweed seedling 11 that is present is less likely to break and flow out. Therefore, the survival rate of the seaweed seedling 11 as a mother algae is high, and these greatly contribute to the improvement of the success rate of the seaweed bed construction. In the reference example, since the columnar portions 22 of the building structure 2 are erected in the vertical direction, the zoospores that are released from the seaweed seedling carrier 1 and move along the flow are attached to these columnar portions 22. High probability of being captured. Furthermore, when the surroundings of the structure 2 for construction are sandy ground, the seaweed grown on the columnar part 22 and the seaweed seedling 11 held by the seaweed seedling carrier 1 are not easily affected by the rolled up sand, Since there is a high probability that these seaweeds remain even if the structure 2 is buried somewhat, the persistence of the seaweed beds centering on these structures is high. In addition, although the reference example demonstrated the example which attached the seedling thread 12a to the part of the rope 12, the said seedling thread 12a was mounted | worn with the large diameter parent rope like the main cultivation process in the open sea in wakame culture etc. Further, the further cultivated one can be used as the rope 12 as it is.
[0019]
Next, another reference example of the seaweed seedling carrier is described. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a main part of the seaweed seedling supporter in which the description of the anchor and the floating body is omitted, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of a fixing body and the like as main components used there. The seaweed seedling carrier 3 is a short rope on which the seaweed seedlings 32 are grown along the outer peripheral surface of the fixing body 31 formed as a band-shaped ring partially opened by a synthetic resin having moderate elasticity. The (string-like body) 33 is fitted into substantially L-shaped receiving portions 31 a provided at five locations, and a plurality of these are inserted into the through holes 31 b provided at three locations of the ring-shaped fixing body 31. In addition, the fixing members 31 are held at regular intervals by connecting them through the fixing members 31 and interposing a cylindrical member 35 such as a pipe having a predetermined length between the fixing members 31. The string-like body 33 used here is appropriately sized as the seaweed seedling 32 by placing the seedling seedling thread 33a obtained by the same method as in the above reference example in the sea as it is spirally wound around the rope 33 or the like. It was raised up to.
[0020]
In the seaweed seedling carrier 3, the holding portion of the seaweed seedling 32 spreads in the horizontal direction due to the use of the ring-shaped fixing body 31. Therefore, the seaweed seedling carrier 3 has a unit length longer than that of the seaweed seedling carrier 1. Many seaweed seedlings 32 can be carried. In this case, if a plastic having a specific gravity smaller than that of water, such as polypropylene, is used as the material of the fixing body 31, the buoyancy and the specific gravity of the seaweed seedlings 32 and the rope 33 are balanced, and the circumference is away from the center of the ring body. Even when connected at one place, that is, at a position deviating from the center of gravity, the substantially horizontal state is maintained. The fixing body 31 is provided with through holes 31b as connecting means at three locations on the circumference, and it is possible to use all of them, and the stability of the posture of each fixing body 31 is also possible. Then, the connection in several places is preferable. As shown in FIG. 4, the ring-shaped fixing member 31 used here receives a hook-like protrusion 31c at one end and the hook-like protrusion 31c at the other end 31d so as to be connected and held in an annular shape. Are provided so as to be fixed to the columnar portion 22 of the building structure 2 easily and surely. Yes.
[0021]
FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show an embodiment of the seaweed bed construction method according to the present invention using the seaweed seedling carrier . The seaweed seedling carrier 4 used here is composed of a fixing body 31 used in the above-mentioned reference example and a string-like body 33 on which a seaweed seedling seedling 32 longer than the circumference is formed. In this case, since the extra length portion of the string-like body 33 extending from the receiving portion 31a on the end side near the latching hole in the fixing body 31 is in an unconstrained state, as shown in FIG. When fixed to the columnar portion 22 of the building structure 2 via 31, the extra length portion is in a swingable state. In this case, since the seaweed seedling carrier 4 attached to the uppermost part of the columnar part 22 is one having an extra length of the string-like body 33 that is significantly longer than that in the middle or lower part, its end part By connecting the floating body 14 to the base, it does not hang down. In this embodiment, the extra length portion is provided along the entire length of the ring-shaped fixing body 31. However, the extra length portion is provided along a portion of the ring-shaped fixing member 31 or by using an appropriate means without being along the portion. Only the part may be fixed. Furthermore, all the string-like bodies 33 can be changed as appropriate, such as making the length long, or attaching the seaweed seedling carrier 4 to only a part of the columnar portions 22 of the building structure 2.
[0022]
FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the seaweed bed construction method. This method, between the upper part of Construction for structure 2 adjacent two pillars like portions 22, as well as erection seaweed seedlings 32 elongated are epiphytic string-like body 33 with extra length state The floating body 14 is connected to an intermediate position of the string-like body 33. Thus, string-like body 33 is held upward by the swing and hang not state pillar shaped portion 22. In addition, the edge part of the string-like body 33 used here is each latched by the ring-shaped fixing body 31 similarly to the seaweed seedling seedling carrier 4 in the said Example. Although not shown in the figure, the string-like body 33 may be bridged in the same state between the nearby construction structures 2 instead of in one construction structure.
[0023]
Further, seaweed seedlings carrying instrument Ru used in the present invention shown in FIG. 8, which utilizes the string-like body 33 of the appropriate length seaweed seedlings 32 are epiphytic intact, widely unity such as wire and cable use A part of the synthetic resin binding band 5 (fixing member) is fixed to the columnar portion 22 so as to be tightened. In this case, since the other portions of the string-like body 33 can be swung without being restricted, the same effects as those of the above-described embodiments can be obtained.
[0024]
In addition, in the said Example, although the structure for construction used combining with a seaweed seedling seedling support tool demonstrated the structure which installed the cylinder 22 in the rectangular base board 21 as an example, of course, it is not limited to this. . As the shape of the base in the columnar structure, an appropriate shape such as a cross shape, a trifurcated shape, a hexagonal shape can be selected, and the shape of the column may be a polygonal column in addition to a column. Needless to say, the shape of the fixing member fixed to the lens is also formed in a polygonal shape. Of course, various modifications can be made within the technical idea of the present invention, including the shape and installation location of the seaweed seedling carrier.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the seaweed bed construction according to the present invention, the seaweed seedling for transplantation introduced into the target area via the structure for building a columnar structure is supported in a swingable state, thereby While preventing the algae seedlings from being washed away due to feeding damage and breakage of the foliate parts, the light conditions at the installation site can be made uniform, and a favorable growth environment can be secured for the seaweed seedlings that are the mother algae. As a result, the survival rate of mother algae as a supply source of zoospores essential for the growth of seaweed is significantly increased, so the success rate of the seaweed bed construction has improved, and the seaweed that has grown on the construction structure has disappeared Even in this case, it is easy to regenerate the algae ground because there is a high probability that the mother algae held in a swingable state remain . In particular, when a seaweed seedling carrier is attached to the upper part of the columnar part, a plurality of seaweed seedlings that swing while being supported on the string-like body are affected by the shadows that change with respect to the lower space of the columnar part. In combination with the effect of the pillars arranged in the vertical direction, it is easy to collect fish in the construction structure, and the function as a fish reef is increased. It is.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a reference example of a seaweed bed construction method.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a main part of the seaweed seedling carrying tool used in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another reference example of a seaweed seedling carrier.
4 is a plan view showing a fixing body and the like of the seaweed seedling carrier shown in FIG. 3; FIG.
5 is a plan view showing an example of a seaweed seedling carrying instrument Ru used in the present invention.
6 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a seaweed bed construction method using the seaweed seedling carrier of FIG.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the seaweed bed construction method according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a main part of another embodiment of the seaweed bed construction method according to the present invention.

Claims (1)

An algae characterized in that a seaweed seedling supporter that supports seaweed seedlings and can be swung in the sea is attached to the columnar portion of the structure for construction consisting of a columnar structure, and the seaweed seedlings are used as mother algae to grow seaweed around Field creation method .

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