JP4666388B2 - Heat-resistant and wear-resistant high Cr cast iron - Google Patents
Heat-resistant and wear-resistant high Cr cast iron Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、５５０℃以下の高温下で用いられる耐摩耗性部材の素材として好適な高Ｃｒ鋳鉄に関する。 The present invention relates to a high Cr cast iron suitable as a material for a wear resistant member used at a high temperature of 550 ° C. or lower.
高Ｃｒ鋳鉄は、高硬度のＣｒ炭化物がマルテンサイトのマトリックスに分散した組織を有しており、炭化物とマルテンサイトにより非常に高い硬さを有しており、これにより優れた耐摩耗性を発揮する。例えば、特開平１１−２２９０７１号公報（特許文献１）にはＣｒ：１４〜２２mass％（以下、単に「％」と表示する場合がある。）の、特許２５４１０９２号公報（特許文献２）にはＣｒ１０〜２０％の耐摩耗性高Ｃｒ鋳鉄が記載されている。 High-Cr cast iron has a structure in which high-hardness Cr carbide is dispersed in a martensite matrix, and has extremely high hardness due to carbide and martensite, thereby exhibiting excellent wear resistance. To do. For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-229071 (Patent Document 1), Japanese Patent No. 2541092 (Patent Document 2) of Cr: 14 to 22 mass% (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “%”) is disclosed. Abrasion resistant high Cr cast iron with 10-20% Cr is described.
ところが、上記耐摩耗性高Ｃｒ鋳鉄は、常温では高硬度が維持できるものの、５５０℃を超えると急激に焼き戻し軟化が生じ、また５００〜３００℃程度においても相当程度の焼き戻し軟化が生じる。このため、高温で使用すると、硬度が低下し、また表面が酸化されて酸化摩耗が進むため、実際には常温から、せいぜい１５０℃程度までの低温での使用に制限される。従って、上記高Ｃｒ鋳鉄は、例えば、高炉周辺の耐摩耗ライナー、加熱炉周辺の耐摩耗ライナー、鋼材の熱間圧延ラインに用いられる搬送ローラーなど、常態として３００〜５５０℃程度の高温になる部材の素材として用いることができない。 However, although the wear-resistant high Cr cast iron can maintain high hardness at room temperature, temper softening suddenly occurs when the temperature exceeds 550 ° C., and considerable temper softening occurs even at about 500 to 300 ° C. For this reason, when used at a high temperature, the hardness is reduced, and the surface is oxidized to cause oxidative wear. Therefore, the use is actually limited to a low temperature from room temperature to about 150 ° C. at most. Therefore, the high Cr cast iron is a member that normally reaches a high temperature of about 300 to 550 ° C., such as a wear resistant liner around the blast furnace, a wear resistant liner around the heating furnace, and a conveyance roller used in a hot rolling line for steel. Cannot be used as a material for
一方、耐熱性に優れた耐摩耗性高Ｃｒ鋳鉄として、特開２００４−２７０００２号公報（特許文献３）には、Ｃｒを３０超〜５０％、Ａｌを１〜８％添加した耐熱耐摩耗性高Ｃｒ鋳鉄が記載されている。この高Ｃｒ鋳鉄は、大型ごみ焼却炉の火格子の素材として高温環境下で優れた耐摩耗性を発揮する。前記Ａｌは、Ａｌ酸化物の保護皮膜を形成することで、高温雰囲気でも酸化摩耗を低減する作用をなしている。
前記引用文献３に記載された高Ｃｒ鋳鉄は、耐熱性、耐摩耗性のみならず耐食性にも優れたものであるが、前記高炉周辺に使用される部材の素材としては過剰品質と言えるものであり、Ｃｒ量も非常に多いため経済的でない。 Although the high Cr cast iron described in the cited document 3 is excellent not only in heat resistance and wear resistance but also in corrosion resistance, it can be said that it is an excessive quality as a material for members used around the blast furnace. There is also a large amount of Cr, which is not economical.
このため、本発明者は１３〜２２％のＣｒ量の高Ｃｒ鋳鉄において、Ａｌを添加することで酸化摩耗を抑制し、耐熱性を向上する方策を検討した。Ａｌはフェライト生成元素であるためにマトリックスに低硬度のフェライトが生成し、全体の硬さが低下し、ひいては耐摩耗性が低下する。この問題は、焼き入れ性向上元素であるＮｉを添加することにより改善できるように思われた。 For this reason, this inventor examined the policy which suppresses oxidation wear and improves heat resistance by adding Al in the high Cr cast iron of 13 to 22% Cr amount. Since Al is a ferrite-forming element, low-hardness ferrite is generated in the matrix, the overall hardness is lowered, and the wear resistance is lowered. This problem seemed to be improved by adding Ni which is an element for improving hardenability.
ところが、Ｃｒが１３〜２２％の高Ｃｒ鋳鉄においては、ＡｌとＮｉとを併用添加するだけでは、必ずしも硬さ低下を抑制することができず、高温雰囲気での耐摩耗性が十分でないことがわかった。なお、引用文献３に記載された、Ｃｒ量が３０％超の高Ｃｒ鋳鉄では、焼入れ性向上元素であるＮｉを１０％以下添加することで、硬いマルテンサイトを形成することができ、鋳鉄の硬さを向上させることができるとされているが、本発明の企図するＣｒ量が低い領域では、上記のとおり、一概に硬さが向上するとは言えず、むしろ低下する場合がある。
本発明はかかる問題に鑑みなされたもので、Ｃｒを１３〜２２％含有する高Ｃｒ鋳鉄において、５５０℃以下で優れた耐熱耐摩耗性を有する高Ｃｒ鋳鉄及びその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
However, in high Cr cast iron with 13-22% Cr, it is not always possible to suppress a decrease in hardness simply by adding Al and Ni together, and the wear resistance in a high temperature atmosphere is not sufficient. all right. In addition, in the high Cr cast iron having a Cr content of more than 30% described in the cited document 3, hard martensite can be formed by adding 10% or less of Ni which is a hardenability improving element. It is said that the hardness can be improved. However, in the region where the Cr amount intended by the present invention is low, as described above, the hardness cannot be generally improved, but may be lowered.
The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a high Cr cast iron having excellent heat resistance and wear resistance at 550 ° C. or lower and a method for producing the same in a high Cr cast iron containing 13 to 22% Cr. And
本発明の高Ｃｒ鋳鉄鋳物は、化学組成がmass％で、Ｃ：２．５〜３．５％、Ｓｉ：０．２〜１．０％、Ｍｎ：０．６〜２．０％、Ｃｒ：１３〜２２％、Ｍｏ：０．５〜３．０％及びＷ：０．５〜３．０％の一種又は二種、Ａｌ：１．０〜５．０％、Ｎｉ：１．０〜８．０％、Ｎｉ量／Ａｌ量：０．８〜１．８、Ｎ：０．００５〜０．１５％を含み、残部Ｆｅ及び不純物からなるものであり、５５０℃以下の高温下で用いられる耐熱耐摩耗性部材を形成する素材として好適なものである。 The high Cr cast iron casting of the present invention has a chemical composition of mass%, C: 2.5 to 3.5%, Si: 0.2 to 1.0%, Mn: 0.6 to 2.0%, Cr : 13-22%, Mo: 0.5-3.0% and W: 0.5-3.0%, 1 or 2 types, Al: 1.0-5.0%, Ni: 1.0- 8.0%, Ni amount / Al amount: 0.8 to 1.8, N: 0.005 to 0.15%, consisting of remaining Fe and impurities, used at a high temperature of 550 ° C. or less It is suitable as a material for forming a heat and wear resistant member.
あるいはさらに、上記基本成分のほか、下記(1) 及び／又は(2) に記載した各群の元素を同範囲内で単独あるいは複合して添加することができる。
(1) Ｎｂ、Ｔｉ、Ｖ、Ｚｒ、Ｈｆ、Ｔａの内、一種以上を合計で０．５％以下
(2) Ｃｅ、Ｌａ、Ｐｒ、Ｎｄ、Ｙの内、一種以上を合計で１．０％以下
Alternatively, in addition to the above basic components, the elements of each group described in the following (1) and / or (2) can be added alone or in combination within the same range.
(1) A total of 0.5% or less of one or more of Nb, Ti, V, Zr, Hf, and Ta
(2) 1.0% or less total of one or more of Ce, La, Pr, Nd, and Y
本発明の高Ｃｒ鋳鉄鋳物によれば、Ｃｒ量が１３〜２２％であって、特にＡｌを１〜５％、Ｎｉを１〜８％含み、さらにＮｉのＡｌに対する含有割合Ｎｉ量／Ａｌ量を０．８〜１．８に規制するので、安定なＡｌ系酸化皮膜の形成により酸化摩耗を抑制すると共にフェライト及び残留オーステナイトの生成による硬さ低下、引いては耐摩耗性の低下を抑制することができ、５５０℃以下の高温環境で優れた耐熱性及び耐摩耗性を備える。 According to the high Cr cast iron casting of the present invention, the Cr amount is 13 to 22%, particularly including 1 to 5% Al and 1 to 8% Ni, and the content ratio of Ni to Al Ni amount / Al amount Is controlled to 0.8 to 1.8, so that oxidation wear is suppressed by forming a stable Al-based oxide film, and hardness is reduced due to the formation of ferrite and retained austenite, which in turn suppresses wear resistance. It has excellent heat resistance and wear resistance in a high temperature environment of 550 ° C. or less.
本発明の高Ｃｒ鋳鉄は、Ｃ：２．５〜３．５％、Ｓｉ：０．２〜１．０％、Ｍｎ：０．６〜２．０％、Ｃｒ：１３〜２２％、Ｍｏ：０．５〜３．０％及びＷ：０．５〜３．０％の一種又は二種、Ａｌ：１．０〜５．０％、Ｎｉ：１．０〜８．０％、Ｎｉ量／Ａｌ量：０．８〜１．８、Ｎ：０．００５〜０．１５％を含み、残部Ｆｅ及び不純物からなるものである。
前記高Ｃｒ鋳鉄の成分設計上の要点は以下のとおりである。Ａｌを１．０〜５．０％添加することにより安定なＡｌ系酸化皮膜を生成させ、これにより酸化摩耗を抑制する。一方、Ａｌはフェライト生成元素であり、フェライトを生成する傾向が生じる。フェライトが生成すると硬さひいては耐摩耗性が低下するので、フェライトの生成を抑制するためにオーステナイト安定化元素であるＮｉを同時添加し、フェライトの生成を抑制する。しかし、Ｎｉ添加に際し、Ｎｉ量がＡｌ量に比して過剰であると、オーステナイトが過剰に安定化するため残留オーステナイトが増大し、１３〜２２％のＣｒ量の下ではその増大が無視できず、硬さひいては耐摩耗性が低下する。このため、Ａｌ量に対してＮｉ量が過剰にならないようにＮｉ添加量を規制することが重要となる。
The high Cr cast iron of the present invention has C: 2.5-3.5%, Si: 0.2-1.0%, Mn: 0.6-2.0%, Cr: 13-22%, Mo: One or two of 0.5 to 3.0% and W: 0.5 to 3.0%, Al: 1.0 to 5.0%, Ni: 1.0 to 8.0%, Ni amount / Al content: 0.8 to 1.8, N: 0.005 to 0.15%, balance Fe and impurities.
The main points in the component design of the high Cr cast iron are as follows. By adding Al in an amount of 1.0 to 5.0%, a stable Al-based oxide film is formed, thereby suppressing oxidative wear. On the other hand, Al is a ferrite-forming element and tends to generate ferrite. When the ferrite is formed, the hardness and thus the wear resistance is lowered, so that Ni which is an austenite stabilizing element is added simultaneously to suppress the formation of ferrite, thereby suppressing the formation of ferrite. However, when Ni is added, if the amount of Ni is excessive compared to the amount of Al, austenite is excessively stabilized, so that retained austenite increases. Under 13 to 22% Cr, the increase cannot be ignored. In addition, the hardness and thus the wear resistance decreases. For this reason, it is important to regulate the Ni addition amount so that the Ni amount does not become excessive with respect to the Al amount.
以下、本発明の高Ｃｒ鋳鉄の成分限定理由を説明する。
Ｃ：２．５〜３．５％
Ｃは炭化物の形成、マトリックスの高硬度化のために必要な元素であり、２．５％未満では炭化物生成量が過少となり、またマトリックスのマルテンサイトの硬さが低下するため、耐摩耗性が低下する。一方、３．５％を超えると炭化物量が過多となり、靭性が低下するため、摩耗時に微細チッピングが発生しやすくなり、耐摩耗性が低下する。このため、Ｃ量の下限を２．５％、上限を３．５％とする。
Hereinafter, the reasons for limiting the components of the high Cr cast iron of the present invention will be described.
C: 2.5-3.5%
C is an element necessary for forming carbide and increasing the hardness of the matrix. If it is less than 2.5%, the amount of carbide produced becomes too small, and the hardness of the martensite of the matrix decreases, so that wear resistance is reduced. descend. On the other hand, if it exceeds 3.5%, the amount of carbide becomes excessive and the toughness is reduced, so that fine chipping is likely to occur during wear, and the wear resistance is lowered. For this reason, the lower limit of the C amount is 2.5%, and the upper limit is 3.5%.
Ｓｉ：０．２〜１．０％
Ｓｉは溶解、精錬時の脱酸に有効であり、鋳造時の湯流れ性を向上させる。０．２％未満ではかかる効果が過少であり、鋳造欠陥を生じて硬さ、耐摩耗性が低下する。一方１％を超えると前記効果が飽和する。このため、Ｓｉ量の下限を０．２％、上限を１．０％とする。
Si: 0.2 to 1.0%
Si is effective for deoxidation during melting and refining, and improves the hot water flow during casting. If it is less than 0.2%, such an effect is insufficient, and a casting defect is generated, resulting in a decrease in hardness and wear resistance. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1%, the effect is saturated. For this reason, the lower limit of Si amount is 0.2%, and the upper limit is 1.0%.
Ｍｎ：０．６〜２．０％
Ｍｎは焼入れ性を向上させる元素であり、特にベイナイト組織の生成を抑制する効果がある。０．６％未満ではベイナイト生成の抑制効果が過少であり、ベイナイトが生成して硬さが低下し、耐摩耗性も低下する。一方２．０％を超えると残留オーステナイトが増加して硬さ、耐摩耗性が低下するようになる。このため、Ｍｎ量の下限を０．６％、上限を２．０％とする。
Mn: 0.6 to 2.0%
Mn is an element that improves hardenability, and has an effect of particularly suppressing the formation of a bainite structure. If it is less than 0.6%, the effect of suppressing bainite formation is too small, and bainite is generated to reduce the hardness and wear resistance. On the other hand, if it exceeds 2.0%, the retained austenite increases and the hardness and wear resistance are lowered. For this reason, the lower limit of the amount of Mn is 0.6%, and the upper limit is 2.0%.
Ｃｒ：１３〜２２％
Ｃｒは炭化物生成元素であり、１３％未満では炭化物が過少であり、耐摩耗性が低下する。一方、２２％超では炭化物が過多となり、摩耗時に微細チッピングが発生しやすくなり、却って耐摩耗性が低下するようになる。このため、Ｃｒ量の下限を１３％、上限を２２％とする。
Cr: 13-22%
Cr is a carbide generating element. If it is less than 13%, the amount of carbide is too small, and the wear resistance is lowered. On the other hand, if it exceeds 22%, the amount of carbide is excessive, and fine chipping is likely to occur during wear, and the wear resistance is lowered. For this reason, the lower limit of the Cr amount is 13%, and the upper limit is 22%.
Ｍｏ：０．５〜３．０％及びＷ：０．５〜３．０％の内の一種又は二種
Ｍｏ、Ｗは共に焼入れ性を向上させる元素であり、特にパーライトの生成を抑制する効果がある。それぞれ０．５％未満ではこれらの効果が過少となり、硬さが低下する。一方、それぞれ３．０％超添加しても効果が飽和し、経済的でない。このため、Ｍｏ、Ｗの下限をそれぞれ０．５％とし、それらの上限を３．０％とする。
One or two of Mo: 0.5-3.0% and W: 0.5-3.0% Mo and W are both elements that improve hardenability, and are particularly effective in suppressing the formation of pearlite. There is. If the content is less than 0.5%, these effects become too small, and the hardness decreases. On the other hand, adding over 3.0% each saturates the effect and is not economical. For this reason, the lower limit of Mo and W is 0.5%, respectively, and the upper limit thereof is 3.0%.
Ｎ：０．００５〜０．１５％
Ｎは焼入れ性を向上させる作用を有し、０．００５％未満では焼き入れ性が不足して硬さ、耐摩耗性が低下する。一方、０．１５％超では残留オーステナイトが増加して硬さ低下し、耐摩耗性が低下する。このため、Ｎ量の下限を０．００５％、上限を０．１５％とする。
N: 0.005-0.15%
N has the effect of improving the hardenability. If it is less than 0.005%, the hardenability is insufficient and the hardness and wear resistance are reduced. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.15%, the retained austenite increases, the hardness decreases, and the wear resistance decreases. For this reason, the lower limit of the N amount is 0.005%, and the upper limit is 0.15%.
Ａｌ：１．０〜５．０％
Ａｌは高温の酸化雰囲気下で化学的に安定なＡｌ酸化物を材料表面に形成し、酸化摩耗を大幅に抑制する。１．０％未満では酸化摩耗の抑制効果が小さく、一方５．０％超では、硬さの低いフェライトを生成して硬さ、耐摩耗性が低下するようになる。このため、Ａｌ量の下限を１．０％、好ましくは２．０％とし、上限を５．０％、好ましくは４．０％とする。
Al: 1.0-5.0%
Al forms a chemically stable Al oxide on the surface of the material in a high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere, and greatly suppresses oxidative wear. If it is less than 1.0%, the effect of suppressing oxidative wear is small, while if it exceeds 5.0%, ferrite with low hardness is generated and the hardness and wear resistance are lowered. For this reason, the lower limit of the Al content is 1.0%, preferably 2.0%, and the upper limit is 5.0%, preferably 4.0%.
Ｎｉ：１．０〜８．０％
Ｎｉは焼入れ性の向上効果がある。本発明ではＡｌの酸化皮膜を活用するため、ある程度のＡｌ量が必要であるが、Ｎｉが１．０％未満では、フェライト生成元素であるＡｌの添加量も少量に制限される。Ｎｉを１．０％以上添加することにより、フェライトの生成を抑制しながらＡｌを１．０％以上添加することができるようになる。一方、Ｎｉを過剰に添加すると、オーステナイトの安定化が過大となって、硬さの低い残留オーステナイトの生成量が増大し、硬さの低下、耐摩耗性の低下を生じる。このため、Ｎｉ量の下限を１．０％、好ましくは３．０％、その上限を８．０％、好ましくは６．０％とする。
Ni: 1.0-8.0%
Ni has an effect of improving hardenability. In the present invention, a certain amount of Al is required in order to utilize an Al oxide film. However, if Ni is less than 1.0%, the amount of Al, which is a ferrite-forming element, is also limited to a small amount. By adding Ni at 1.0% or more, Al can be added at 1.0% or more while suppressing the formation of ferrite. On the other hand, when Ni is added excessively, the austenite is excessively stabilized, the amount of retained austenite having low hardness is increased, and the hardness is lowered and the wear resistance is lowered. For this reason, the lower limit of the Ni amount is 1.0%, preferably 3.0%, and the upper limit is 8.0%, preferably 6.0%.
Ｎｉ量／Ａｌ量：０．８〜１．８
Ｎｉは上記のとおり、フェライト生成元素であるＡｌの添加による軟化を抑制するために添加する必要があるが、過剰な添加は残留オーステナイトの生成量を増大し、却って硬さを低下させる。このため、Ａｌ添加によるフェライト生成作用を抑制しつつ、過剰にオーステナイトを安定化させて残留オーステナイトの生成量が増大することを防ぐため、本発明ではＡｌ量に応じてＮｉ量を制限する。Ｎｉ量／Ａｌ量の比が０．８未満ではＮｉによるフェライト生成の抑制作用が不十分で硬さが低下し、一方１．８超ではオーステナイト安定化が過大となり残留オーステナイトの生成量が増大し、却って硬さ、耐摩耗性が低下するようになる。このため、Ｎｉ量／Ａｌ量の比の下限を０．８、好ましくは１．０とし、その上限を１．８、好ましくは１．５とする。
Ni amount / Al amount: 0.8 to 1.8
As described above, Ni needs to be added in order to suppress softening due to the addition of Al, which is a ferrite-forming element. However, excessive addition increases the amount of retained austenite produced and, on the other hand, decreases the hardness. For this reason, in order to prevent the formation of retained austenite from excessively stabilizing austenite while suppressing the ferrite forming action due to the addition of Al, in the present invention, the amount of Ni is limited according to the amount of Al. If the ratio of Ni amount / Al amount is less than 0.8, the effect of suppressing ferrite formation by Ni is insufficient and the hardness decreases, while if it exceeds 1.8, the austenite stabilization becomes excessive and the amount of retained austenite generated increases. On the other hand, hardness and wear resistance are lowered. For this reason, the lower limit of the ratio of Ni amount / Al amount is set to 0.8, preferably 1.0, and the upper limit is set to 1.8, preferably 1.5.
本発明の高Ｃｒ鋳鉄は、上記基本成分の他、残部Ｆｅ及び不可避的不純物からなるが、機械的特性を向上させるために下記(1) 、(2) 群の各元素を各群ごとに所定範囲内で単独あるいは複合して添加することができる。 The high Cr cast iron of the present invention is composed of the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities in addition to the above basic components, but in order to improve mechanical properties, the elements of the following groups (1) and (2) are predetermined for each group. It can be added alone or in combination within the range.
(1) Ｎｂ、Ｔｉ、Ｖ、Ｚｒ、Ｈｆ、Ｔａ：合計で０．５％以下
これらの元素は、微細な炭化物を形成し、マトリックスの硬さを向上させて耐摩耗性を向上させる。かかる作用を効果的に発揮させるためには、これらの元素の合計量を０．１％以上とすることが好ましい。多過ぎるとマトリックス中の炭素を固定してしまうために、マトリックスのマルテンサイトの硬さが低下して耐摩耗性が低下する。このため、合計量の上限を０．５％とする。
(1) Nb, Ti, V, Zr, Hf, Ta: 0.5% or less in total These elements form fine carbides, improve the hardness of the matrix and improve the wear resistance. In order to effectively exhibit such action, the total amount of these elements is preferably set to 0.1% or more. If the amount is too large, carbon in the matrix is fixed, so that the hardness of the martensite of the matrix is lowered and wear resistance is lowered. For this reason, the upper limit of the total amount is set to 0.5%.
(2) Ｃｅ、Ｌａ、Ｐｒ、Ｎｄ、Ｙ：合計で１．０％以下
これらの元素は、材料表面でのＡｌの酸化皮膜と下地の密着性を向上させ、酸化摩耗の低減に寄与する。かかる作用を効果的に発揮させるためには、これらの元素の合計量を０．１％以上とすることが好ましい。過剰な添加は、酸化物や硫化物などの介在物の増加により耐摩耗性が低下する。このため、合計量の上限を１．０％とする。
(2) Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Y: 1.0% or less in total These elements contribute to the reduction of oxidative wear by improving the adhesion between the Al oxide film and the base on the material surface. In order to effectively exhibit such action, the total amount of these elements is preferably set to 0.1% or more. Excessive addition reduces wear resistance due to an increase in inclusions such as oxides and sulfides. For this reason, the upper limit of the total amount is set to 1.0%.
本発明の高Ｃｒ鋳鉄は、組織的には従来の高Ｃｒ鋳鉄と同様、マルテンサイト単相あるいはマルテンサイト及びベイナイトからなる低温変態生成物、並びに残留オーステナイトからなるマトリクス中にＣｒ系炭化物が析出した形態を有する。 The high Cr cast iron of the present invention is structurally similar to the conventional high Cr cast iron, in which a Cr-based carbide is precipitated in a matrix composed of a martensite single phase or a low-temperature transformation product composed of martensite and bainite and residual austenite. It has a form.
本発明の高Ｃｒ鋳鉄は、常法により、上記化学組成の鋼を溶製し、その鋳片をオーステナイト温度域に加熱保持した後、風冷して焼き入れることによって製造される。代表的な熱処理条件としては、鋳片加熱温度１０００〜１３００℃程度、保持時間３〜１０ｈｒ程度、加熱保持後の冷却速度０．０５〜５．０℃／ｓ程度である。 The high Cr cast iron of the present invention is produced by melting a steel having the above chemical composition and heating and holding the cast slab in the austenite temperature range, followed by air cooling and quenching. Typical heat treatment conditions are a slab heating temperature of about 1000 to 1300 ° C., a holding time of about 3 to 10 hr, and a cooling rate after heating and holding of about 0.05 to 5.0 ° C./s.
以下、本発明の高Ｃｒ鋳鉄鋳物及びその製造方法を実施例を挙げてより具体的に説明するが、本発明はかかる実施例により限定的に解釈されるものではない。 Hereinafter, although the high Cr cast iron casting and its manufacturing method of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, the present invention is not construed as being limited by such examples.
下記表１、表２に示す組成の高Ｃｒ鋳鉄を高周波誘導溶解炉で溶解し、鉄モールドに鋳込み、φ１００×３００mmのインゴット（鋳片）を得た。各インゴットを大気雰囲気中で１２００℃に加熱し、６ｈｒ保持した後、冷却速度３．０℃／ｓで風冷し、焼き入れた。 High Cr cast irons having the compositions shown in Tables 1 and 2 below were melted in a high frequency induction melting furnace and cast into an iron mold to obtain an ingot (slab) having a diameter of 100 × 300 mm. Each ingot was heated to 1200 ° C. in an air atmosphere and held for 6 hours, and then air-cooled and quenched at a cooling rate of 3.0 ° C./s.
このように焼き入れした試料インゴットの中心部から、１０×１０×１０ｍｍの試験片を切り出して、一面を鏡面研磨して、大気中４００℃でのビッカース硬さを測定した。 A test piece of 10 × 10 × 10 mm was cut out from the center portion of the sample ingot thus hardened, and one surface was mirror-polished to measure the Vickers hardness at 400 ° C. in the atmosphere.
また、前記試験片を用いて４００℃における耐摩耗性を以下の摩耗試験によって調べた。φ５×高さ１５ｍｍのセラミックス（窒化珪素）ピンの先端を試験片の表面に１０kgf の力で押し付けながら試験片とピンの摺動速度が２ｍ／ｓになるように試験片を回転させ、試験片とピンを加熱炉中に設置して４００℃の温度で１０分間回転状態を保持する。この摩耗試験前後の試験片の重量を測定し、重量差を摩耗量として算出し、耐摩耗性を評価した。 Further, the wear resistance at 400 ° C. was examined by the following wear test using the test piece. The test piece is rotated so that the sliding speed of the test piece and the pin becomes 2 m / s while pressing the tip of a ceramic (silicon nitride) pin of φ5 × 15 mm height against the surface of the test piece with a force of 10 kgf. And the pins are placed in a heating furnace and kept rotating at a temperature of 400 ° C. for 10 minutes. The weight of the test piece before and after the wear test was measured, the difference in weight was calculated as the wear amount, and the wear resistance was evaluated.
これらの測定結果を表３に示す。表３より、本発明範囲内の成分を有する試料（No. １〜２２）では、４００℃での硬度もＨｖ６８５以上と高く、摩耗量が０．１０ｇ未満であり、高温でも耐摩耗性に優れることが確認された。一方、成分が本発明範囲を外れた試料（No. ３１〜４６）では、４００℃での硬度が高いものもあるが、総じて摩耗量が０．１０ｇを超え、耐熱耐摩耗性が低下した。 These measurement results are shown in Table 3. From Table 3, the samples (Nos. 1 to 22) having the components within the scope of the present invention have a high hardness at 400 ° C. of Hv685 or more, a wear amount of less than 0.10 g, and excellent wear resistance even at high temperatures. It was confirmed. On the other hand, some samples (No. 31 to 46) whose components were out of the scope of the present invention had high hardness at 400 ° C., but overall, the wear amount exceeded 0.10 g, and the heat and abrasion resistance was reduced.
Claims (4)
Ｃ：２．５〜３．５％、
Ｓｉ：０．２〜１．０％、
Ｍｎ：０．６〜２．０％、
Ｃｒ：１３〜２２％、
Ｍｏ：０．５〜３．０％及びＷ：０．５〜３．０％の一種又は二種、
Ａｌ：１．０〜５．０％、
Ｎｉ：１．０〜８．０％、
Ｎｉ量／Ａｌ量：０．８〜１．８、
Ｎ：０．００５〜０．１５％
を含み、残部Ｆｅ及び不純物からなる、耐熱耐摩耗性高Ｃｒ鋳鉄。 The chemical composition is mass%
C: 2.5-3.5%
Si: 0.2 to 1.0%
Mn: 0.6 to 2.0%,
Cr: 13-22%,
One or two of Mo: 0.5-3.0% and W: 0.5-3.0%,
Al: 1.0-5.0%,
Ni: 1.0-8.0%,
Ni amount / Al amount: 0.8 to 1.8,
N: 0.005-0.15%
Heat-resistant and wear-resistant high Cr cast iron comprising the balance Fe and impurities.
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