JP4678501B2 - Heat recovery device and cogeneration system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat recovery apparatus and a cogeneration system including the heat recovery apparatus.

Conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 below, a cogeneration system capable of recovering thermal energy of exhaust heat generated in a power generation device such as a fuel cell through a liquid such as hot water and storing it in a storage means There is. The cogeneration system having such a configuration has high energy efficiency because the liquid heated by cooling the power generation device can be effectively used.
JP 2001-325882 A

  In the cogeneration system as disclosed in Patent Document 1, the power generation device is operated even when the liquid heated by the exhaust heat generated in the power generation device cannot be stored in the storage means. May be more energy efficient.

  In view of this, the present inventors provide a heat radiating means such as a radiator in the flow path provided in the heat recovery device that exchanges liquid with the power generation device so that the power generation device can be operated even in such a case. Considered to distribute. However, as a result of further investigation, if the structure is simply provided with the heat dissipation means, the heat dissipation characteristics of the heat dissipation means vary due to the arrangement of the heat dissipation means and the installation state of the cogeneration system, and the storage means As soon as the thermal energy could not be stored, it was found that the operation of the power generation device could not be continued.

  Therefore, the present invention has an object to provide a heat recovery apparatus that can stably exhibit the heat dissipation capability of the heat radiating means regardless of the installation state of the heat recovery apparatus, and a cogeneration system including the heat recovery apparatus.

Therefore, one invention provided to solve the above-described problems is a heat recovery device that recovers thermal energy generated in a thermal energy generation device that generates thermal energy in accordance with operation, and the thermal energy generation device A thermal energy recovery system for recovering the thermal energy generated in the liquid via the liquid, a storage means for storing a liquid flowing through the thermal energy recovery system, or a liquid heated by heat exchange with the liquid, and the energy recovery A heat dissipating means capable of releasing heat energy of the liquid flowing through the system, the heat dissipating means including a heat dissipator and a blower capable of blowing air to the heat dissipator, The blower is installed in a projection area formed by projecting the storage means onto the heat dissipation means side. A heat recovery unit to.

When the heat radiating means is provided as in this heat recovery device, the cooling capacity of the heat radiating means varies depending on the installation environment of the heat radiating means. Therefore, in order for the heat dissipating means to exhibit a stable cooling capacity, it is desirable that the heat dissipating means be installed at a position where there is little variation in the arrangement environment even if the installation location of the heat recovery device is different.

In this heat recovery apparatus, the heat radiating means is arranged below the storage means. Therefore, according to the configuration described above, the installation environment of the heat radiating means hardly fluctuates regardless of the installation location and installation conditions of the heat recovery device. Therefore, in this heat recovery apparatus, the cooling capacity of the heat radiating means is stable.

Here, radiation means for the heat recovery device comprises is configured to include a blower. Therefore, even if this heat recovery apparatus is installed in a place exposed to wind and rain, it is desirable that the heat recovery apparatus has a structure in which rainwater or the like is not directly applied to the blower. In this heat recovery apparatus, the heat dissipating means is disposed below the storage means, and the blower is disposed in the projection area formed by projecting the storage means to the heat dissipating means side. Even if rainwater or the like enters from above, it can be prevented from falling on the blower.

In the heat recovery unit, a blower, it is not to desired airflow direction is installed to face the storage unit side.

According to such a configuration, warm air generated by radiating heat in the heat radiating means can be blown toward the storage means side. Therefore, according to the above-described configuration, the storage unit can be kept warm by the warm air generated in the heat dissipation unit. Therefore, this heat recovery apparatus can divert the heat energy generated in the heat dissipation means to keep the temperature of the storage means, and can suppress a decrease in energy efficiency of the heat recovery apparatus due to heat dissipation.

The invention according to claim 1 provided to solve the above-described problem is a heat recovery device that recovers thermal energy generated in a thermal energy generation device that generates thermal energy upon operation, A thermal energy recovery system that recovers the thermal energy generated in the energy generator via the liquid, and a storage unit that stores the liquid flowing through the thermal energy recovery system or the liquid heated by heat exchange with the liquid; A heat dissipating means capable of releasing the thermal energy of the liquid flowing through the energy recovery system, the heat dissipating means comprising a heat radiator and a blower capable of blowing air to the heat radiator, The heat recovery device is disposed below the storage means, and the blower is installed so that the air blowing direction faces the storage means side. It is.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to provide a heat recovery apparatus that does not change the installation environment of the heat dissipating means regardless of the installation location and installation conditions of the heat recovery apparatus. Therefore, according to the present invention, a stable cooling ability can be exhibited in the heat dissipating means regardless of the installation conditions of the heat recovery apparatus.

  Moreover, in the heat recovery apparatus of the present invention, since the heat radiating means is arranged below the storage means, it is possible to prevent the heat radiating means from falling even if rainwater or the like enters from above the heat recovery apparatus.

  As described above, the heat recovery apparatus of the present invention can feed warm air generated along with heat radiation in the heat radiating means toward the storage means, thereby keeping the storage means warm. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively use the thermal energy released in the heat radiating means and improve the energy efficiency of the heat recovery device.

The heat recovery apparatus according to claim 1, it is desirable that the gas can flow space is formed between the installation surface and the heat dissipating means of a heat recovery apparatus (claim 2).

  According to such a configuration, the air flow can be ensured even when the heat dissipating means is disposed below the storing means. Therefore, according to the above configuration, the liquid can be sufficiently dissipated in the heat dissipating means.

Here, in the heat recovery apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , when the heat dissipation means is arranged below the storage means, the blower is arranged so as to face the installation surface side of the heat recovery apparatus. There is a possibility that the blower may get wet by rain water or the like accumulated on the installation surface of the heat recovery device. Therefore, as for the heat recovery apparatus of the said Claim 1 or 2 , it is desirable for the air blower to be distribute | arranged between the heat radiator and the storage means (Claim 3 ).

  Here, in recent years, devices having a heat recovery device such as a cogeneration system tend to be introduced into ordinary households. Considering the height of the transport truck, the height of the elevator when installed in an apartment, etc., it is desirable that the heat recovery device should be kept to a minimum.

Therefore, in the invention according to claim 4 provided based on such knowledge, the storage means has a connection part for connecting a pipe to the bottom surface, and a plurality of parts are provided between the radiator and the bottom surface of the storage means. They are arranged side by side blower, either during the plurality of blower of claim 1-3, wherein the connecting portion and / or the pipes can be arranged space that leads to the connection portion is formed A heat recovery apparatus according to claim 1.

  In the heat recovery apparatus of the present invention, since the radiator is provided with a space that can accommodate the connecting portion provided on the bottom surface of the storage means and the pipe connected thereto, the height of the entire apparatus is suppressed accordingly. Can do.

The heat recovery apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein a liquid supply system for taking out the liquid stored in the storage means from the top side of the storage means and supplying it to a heat load outside the heat recovery apparatus. And the thermal energy recovery system is capable of heating the liquid taken out from the bottom side of the storage means and returning it to the top side of the storage means for storage, and the blower has a blowing direction in the bottom side of the storage means It is desirable to be installed so that it may face toward the top side (Claim 5 ).

  The heat recovery apparatus of the present invention is configured such that a liquid is taken out from the bottom side of the storage means and heated, and returned to the top side of the storage means to be stored. Further, the heat recovery apparatus of the present invention is configured to take out the liquid stored in the storage unit from the top side of the storage unit and supply it to the heat load. Therefore, as the liquid is heated, the liquid that has arrived at the bottom side of the storage unit may stay in the storage unit for a long time until it is supplied to the heat load. Therefore, if the liquid that has reached the bottom side of the storage means after being heated dissipates heat, there is a problem that the heat energy is wasted accordingly.

  Then, in view of this problem, in the heat recovery apparatus of the present invention, the blower is installed so that the blowing direction is directed from the bottom side to the top side of the storage means. Thus, the heated air heated by the heat energy released in the heat dissipating means preferentially keeps the bottom side of the storing means warm. Therefore, according to the present invention, even when the liquid heated up to the vicinity of the bottom of the storage means is stored, the liquid can be sufficiently kept warm.

Further, from the viewpoint of energy efficiency, the heat recovery apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is such that the storage means can store thermal energy up to a predetermined storage limit, and is stored in the storage means. It is desirable that the blower operates on condition that the stored thermal energy has reached the storage limit of the storage means (claim 6 ).

  Since the heat recovery apparatus of the present invention is configured to activate the air blower after the thermal energy is stored in the storage means to the storage limit, heat dissipation is not generated.

The heat recovery apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the heat radiating means has an air inlet and an outlet, and an opening area of the outlet is smaller than an opening area of the inlet. Is desirable (Claim 7 ).

  According to this configuration, air can be blown out vigorously from the heat radiating means. Therefore, according to the present invention, most or all of the storage means can be wrapped with the air heated by the heat energy released in the heat dissipation means, and the heat retention characteristics of the storage means can be improved.

The invention of claim 8 is a cogeneration rate Deployment system characterized in that it comprises a heat recovery device according to any one of claims 1-7.

  Since the cogeneration system of the present invention includes the above-described heat recovery device, the cooling capacity of the heat radiating means is stable.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the cogeneration system provided with the heat recovery apparatus which the heat dissipation means can exhibit the heat dissipation capability stably irrespective of the installation state of a heat recovery apparatus, and the said heat recovery apparatus can be provided.

  Then, the heat recovery apparatus which is one Embodiment of this invention and the cogeneration system provided with the said heat recovery apparatus are demonstrated in detail, referring drawings. The heat recovery apparatus and the cogeneration system of the present embodiment are characterized by the structure and arrangement of the heat dissipating means described later, but the entire apparatus structure will be described prior to these descriptions.

  In FIG. 1, 1 is the cogeneration system of this embodiment. The cogeneration system 1 is roughly configured by combining a power generation device 2 and a heat recovery device 3, and a cogeneration system S is configured by these.

  The power generation device 2 includes a fuel cell 5 and a heat exchanger 6 for cooling the fuel cell 5 and recovering exhaust heat generated during power generation. That is, the power generation device 2 has both a function as a power generation means and a function as a thermal energy generation means for heating hot water (liquid). The power generation device 2 functions as a power supply means for supplying power to the power load E provided outside the cogeneration system S.

  On the other hand, the heat recovery apparatus 3 is configured around a storage tank 10 (storage means) for storing hot water, and is provided at the top connection portion 11 provided at the top of the storage tank 10 and at the bottom. It is set as the structure which connected the piping which comprises the heating system H (thermal energy recovery system), the hot water supply system M, and the water supply system C with respect to the bottom part connection part 12. FIG.

  The storage tank 10 has a configuration in which a plurality of (four in the present embodiment) temperature sensors 13a to 13d are attached in the height direction, that is, in the direction in which the level of hot water stored in the storage tank 10 increases. The temperature sensors 13a to 13d function as temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the hot water in the storage tank 10, respectively, and the remaining amount for detecting the remaining amount of hot water in the storage tank 10 at a predetermined temperature or temperature range. Also serves as a quantity detection means.

  More specifically, in the cogeneration system 1 of the present embodiment, the hot water taken out from the bottom of the storage tank 10 is heated while passing through the heating system H, and is slowly returned to the top side of the storage tank 10. It is said that. Here, in general, when a liquid is stored in a tank, if the temperature difference between the liquids is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold (about 10 ° C. in hot water), the liquid is divided into layers for each temperature. Therefore, the hot water heated through the heating system H is heated to a temperature higher than the threshold temperature with respect to the temperature of the hot water in the storage tank 10 and slowly returned to the extent that the hot water in the storage tank 10 is not disturbed. Then, the hot water stored in the storage tank 10 is divided into layers for each temperature. Therefore, it is possible to detect how much hot water heated to a desired temperature range is stored in the storage tank 10 by examining the detection temperatures of the temperature sensors 13 a to 13 d installed in the storage tank 10.

  The heating system H is a system configured by the heating flow path 20, and heats the hot water taken out from the bottom of the storage tank 10 and returns it to the top side of the storage tank 10. More specifically, the heating system H is a system in which a main part is constituted by the heating channel 20. The heating flow path 20 includes a heating forward flow path 21 that connects the bottom connection portion 12 of the storage tank 10 and the heat exchanger 6 in the fuel cell 5, and a heating return side that connects the top connection portion 11 and the heat exchanger 6. And a flow path 22. The heating flow path 20 has a bypass flow path 23 that bypasses both flow paths at an intermediate portion between the heating forward flow path 21 and the heating return flow path 22.

  The heating-out side flow path 21 is a flow path for supplying hot water discharged from the bottom side of the storage tank 10 to the heat exchanger 6 of the fuel cell 5, a circulation pump 25 for circulating hot water in the middle, and hot water A temperature sensor 26 for detecting the temperature of the gas and a heat dissipating means 29. The heat dissipating means 29 accelerates the heat dissipating in the hot water flowing through the heating-out side flow path 21 and lowers the temperature. The heat radiation means 29 includes a heat radiator 29a and a blower 29b, and is disposed below the storage tank 10 as will be described later.

  The heating-side flow path 21 is provided with a heating-side three-way valve 28 on the upstream side in the hot water flow direction with respect to the heat radiating means 29 described above. Two of the three ports constituting the heating side three-way valve 28 are connected to piping constituting the heating forward flow path 21, and piping constituting the bypass flow path 23 is connected to the remaining ports. Yes. That is, the bypass flow path 23 is connected to the heating forward flow path 21 via the heating side three-way valve 28.

  The heating return side channel 22 is a channel for returning the hot water that has passed through the heat exchanger 6 to the top side of the storage tank 10. A bypass channel 23 is connected in the middle of the heating return channel 22.

  The hot water supply system M is a system in which a main part is constituted by a hot water supply passage 30 connected to the top connection portion 11 of the storage tank 10 and a hot water supply device 31 provided in the middle of the hot water supply passage 30. The hot water supply channel 30 forms a series of channels from the storage tank 10 through the hot water supply device 31 to the currant 34. The hot water supply channel 30 has a check valve 52 in order to prevent the hot water from flowing back toward the storage tank 10 in the middle of the channel from the storage tank 10 to the hot water supply device 31. Further, a hot water supply side three-way valve 32 and an inlet side temperature sensor 33 are provided on the downstream side of the check valve 52.

  In the hot water supply side three-way valve 32, two of the three ports are connected to a pipe constituting the hot water supply flow path 30, and the remaining ports are connected to a hot water supply water supply flow path 51 of the water supply system C described later. . Further, a branch portion 55 branched from the main flow portion 53 of the hot water supply water flow path 51 is connected to the downstream side of the hot water supply side three-way valve 32.

  The inlet-side temperature sensor 33 is installed at a position downstream of a connecting portion between a tributary portion 55 of the hot water supply water supply channel 51 and a hot water supply channel 30, which will be described later, and upstream of the hot water supply device 31. . Therefore, the inlet side temperature sensor 33 is the temperature of the hot water after the hot water discharged from the storage tank 10 and the hot water supplied through the main flow part 53 and the branch part 55 of the hot water supply water supply channel 51 are mixed. Can be detected. The hot water supply flow path 30 has a hot water supply bypass flow path 35 that bypasses an upstream portion and a downstream portion of the hot water supply device 31. The hot water supply bypass flow path 35 is a flow path for sending hot water flowing through the hot water supply flow path 30 to the downstream side without passing through the hot water supply apparatus 31, that is, a flow path for short-circuiting the hot water supply flow path 30. Have. Further, the hot water supply passage 30 includes a proportional valve 37, an outlet side temperature sensor 38, and a flowing water detection sensor 40 on the downstream side of the hot water supply device 31.

  The hot water supply device 31 includes a burner 41 and a heat exchanger 43 for burning fuel such as gas and kerosene as in a conventionally known hot water heater, and uses thermal energy generated by the combustion of the fuel. Heats hot water. The hot water supply device 31 has a higher heating capacity of hot water than the fuel cell 5. The hot water supply device 31 performs a combustion operation only in a special case such as when the temperature of the hot water discharged from the storage tank 10 is low, and heats the hot water flowing through the hot water supply passage 30. Functions as a heat source. The hot water supply device 31 has one of the operating conditions that water flow is detected by the flowing water detection sensor 40.

  The water supply system C is for supplying hot water from the outside of the cogeneration system S, and includes a storage water supply channel 50 for supplying hot water to the storage tank 10 and a hot water supply water channel 51. I have. The storage water supply channel 50 is constituted by a pipe connected to the bottom connection portion 12 provided on the bottom side of the storage tank 10. Thereby, the cogeneration system 1 is configured to be able to introduce low-temperature hot water supplied from the outside from the bottom side of the storage tank 10.

  In the middle of the hot water supply channel 51, the incoming water temperature sensor 56 for detecting the temperature of the hot water that merges with the hot water channel 30 and the flow of hot water back from the hot water channel 30 toward the water supply source are shown. A check valve 57 is provided to prevent this. The hot water supply water flow path 51 is configured such that the branch portion 55 is branched from the main flow portion 53 on the downstream side of the check valve 57. The branch section 55 is a flow path connected to a position downstream of the hot water supply flow path 30 in the hot water flow direction with respect to the hot water supply side three-way valve 32, and has a configuration in which a branch valve 58 is provided midway. The tributary valve 58 is a valve that is opened when the power is not supplied. When the hot water supply side three-way valve 32 cannot be opened due to a power failure, the hot water in the storage tank 10 is discharged as it is, so-called high temperature. This is provided to prevent the occurrence of hot water.

  The operation of the cogeneration system 1 is controlled by the control means 60. The control means 60 is configured to include, for example, a CPU and a memory in which a predetermined control program is built, as is the case with a conventionally known cogeneration system. The control means 60 is provided with a valve, a fuel cell 5 and a hot water supply provided in each part of the cogeneration system S based on detection signals of sensors provided in each part of the cogeneration system S, data stored in the memory, and the like. The operation of the apparatus 31 and the like is controlled to optimize the total energy efficiency of the cogeneration system 1.

  Next, the apparatus structure of the heat recovery apparatus 3 constituting the cogeneration system 1 will be described focusing on the structure and installation structure of the heat dissipating means 29 that are characteristic structures of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the heat recovery apparatus 3 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped, and has a structure in which each component is roughly divided and arranged in three regions. More specifically, the heat recovery apparatus 3 has a structure in which each constituent member is arranged in each of the areas roughly divided into a heat source installation area P1, a tank arrangement area P2, and a piping installation area P3.

  The heat source installation area P1 is an area provided on the upper front side of the heat recovery apparatus 3 as shown in FIG. 2, and the above-described hot water supply apparatus 31 is installed. The tank arrangement area P <b> 2 is an area provided on the back side of the heat recovery device 3, and the storage tank 10 and the heat radiating means 29 are arranged therein. The piping installation area P3 is a space provided below the heat source installation area P1. Equipment and piping other than those installed in the heat source installation area P1 and the tank arrangement area P2 are accommodated in the installation area P3 such as piping.

  The heat recovery apparatus 3 of the present embodiment is characterized by the installation structure of the storage tank 10 and the heat radiating means 29 installed in the tank arrangement region P2. More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the storage tank 10 and the heat radiating means 29 are arranged in the tank arrangement region P2. The heat dissipating means 29 is disposed between the bottom surface (installation surface) of the heat recovery device 3 and the bottom surface of the storage tank 10.

  The heat radiating means 29 includes a heat radiator 29a and a blower 29b. As shown in FIG. 6, the radiator 29a is configured by a so-called fin-and-tube heat exchanger. More specifically, the heat dissipator 29 has a large number of fins 65 arranged at predetermined intervals inside a main body box 64 through which wind can pass between the top surface side and the bottom surface side, and the heat receiving pipe 66 crosses the fins 65. It is constructed by attaching. The radiator 29 a has connection portions 67 and 68 connected to the heat receiving pipe 66, and a pipe constituting the heating-out side flow path 21 is connected to the connection parts 67 and 68. That is, the radiator 29 a is connected to the middle of the heating-out side flow path 21. The radiator 29a can exchange heat between hot water flowing through the heat receiving pipes 66 attached to the fins 65 and air passing between the fins 65, thereby cooling the hot water flowing through the heat receiving pipes 66.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, two blowers 29b and 29b are attached to the top surface side of the radiator 29a. Moreover, as shown to Fig.6 (a), parts other than the attachment position of the air blowers 29b and 29b are obstruct | occluded by the top plate side of the heat radiator 29a. That is, the opening part formed in the top | upper surface side of the heat radiator 29a is only the opening 29c formed in the part shown by hatching in Fig.6 (a). On the other hand, the bottom surface side of the radiator 29a is open so that the opening 64a of the main body box 64, that is, the entire portion serving as the air inlet can be ventilated as shown in FIG. 6B. Therefore, in the radiator 29a, the size of the opening region including the openings 29c and 29c is smaller than the region of the opening 64a serving as the introduction port.

  The heat dissipating means 29 is installed so that the blowers 29 b and 29 b side, that is, the top surface side of the heat dissipator 29 a faces the bottom surface of the storage tank 10. As shown by hatching in FIG. 4, the blowers 29 b and 29 b are installed so as to exist in a region X formed by installing the heat dissipating means 29 and projecting the storage tank 10 to the heat dissipating means 29 side. The That is, the blowers 29b and 29b are both installed at positions hidden by the storage tank 10 when observed from the top side of the storage tank 10. Therefore, even if rain or the like enters from the top surface side of the heat recovery device 3, the rain or the like does not fall directly on the fans 29b and 29b.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the heat dissipating means 29 is configured such that the connecting portions 67 and 68 face the back side of the heat recovery device 3, and the top of the bottom raising member 70 provided on the bottom side of the tank arrangement region P <b> 2. Is arranged. Therefore, if the heat recovery device 3 is provided with a door or panel that can be opened at the time of maintenance on the back side, the connection portions 67 and 68 existing on the open side of the door and panel, etc., and the pipes connected thereto are connected. It is possible to remove the heat dissipating means 29 and perform maintenance or replacement simply by solving the above. Note that the heat recovery device 3 does not necessarily have a door, a panel, or the like provided on the back side, and may be provided on a side surface or the like. Even in such a configuration, the heat dissipating means 29 can be easily removed for maintenance and replacement by arranging the heat dissipating means 29 so that the connecting portions 67 and 68 face the open side of the doors and panels. it can.

  The bottom raising member 70 has a leg portion 71 and a seat surface portion 72 as shown in FIG. The bottom raising member 70 can form a space (air passage 73) through which air can enter and exit below the seat surface portion 72 by installing the leg portion 71 downward. The seat surface portion 72 has a ventilation portion 75 formed at the center in accordance with an opening formed on the bottom surface of the main body box 64 of the radiator 29a. The ventilation portion 75 is stretched with a mesh member 76 and communicates with the air passage 73 through the mesh member 76.

  The radiator 29 a is installed by aligning the opening 64 a provided on the bottom surface of the main body box 64 and the ventilation portion 75 provided on the bottom raising member 70. Therefore, the heat radiator 29a is installed in a state of floating from the bottom surface or the installation surface of the heat recovery device 3. Thereby, it is possible to secure a space for air to flow to the radiator 29a and to prevent the heat radiating means 29 from getting wet with rainwater or the like accumulated on the installation surface of the heat recovery device 3.

  The blowers 29b and 29b are integrated on the top surface side of the radiator 29a. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the blowers 29 b and 29 b are installed with a space 39 at an interval y so that the bottom connection part 12 provided at the bottom of the storage tank 10 does not interfere. Thereby, the space | interval which should be provided between the thermal radiation means 29 and the storage tank 10 is suppressed to the minimum.

  As shown by arrows in FIGS. 4 and 5, the blowers 29 b and 29 b are installed so as to suck air from the radiator 29 a and discharge it toward the storage tank 10, respectively. Therefore, in the heat dissipating means 29, the opening 64a formed on the bottom surface side of the heat dissipator 29a functions as an inlet for taking air into the heat dissipating means 29 and is attached to the top surface side of the heat dissipator 29a. The openings 29 c and 29 c of the two blowers 29 b and 29 b function as discharge ports for discharging air from the heat dissipation means 29.

  When the blower 29b, 29b is operated, the heat radiating means 29 sucks air from the air passage 73 formed by the bottom raising member 70, and radiates heat from the opening 64a on the bottom surface side (lower side in FIGS. 3 to 5) of the main body box 64. It flows into the vessel 29a and exchanges heat with hot water flowing into the heat receiving pipe 66 from either one of the connecting portions 67 and 68. Thereby, the hot water flowing through the heat receiving pipe 66 is cooled, and the air flowing into the radiator 29a is heated and warmed. The hot water cooled in the radiator 29a is discharged from the other side of the connecting portions 67 and 68 and sent to the fuel cell 5 side. On the other hand, the air warmed in the radiator 29 a is sucked up and collected on the top surface side of the main body box 64 and is discharged from the blowers 29 b and 29 b toward the bottom surface of the storage tank 10.

  The air discharged to the bottom surface side of the storage tank 10 flows to the top side of the storage tank 10 along the bottom surface and peripheral surface of the storage tank 10 as shown by arrows in FIG. Therefore, when the blowers 29b and 29b of the heat dissipating means 29 are operated, the storage tank 10 is wrapped with warm air by exchanging heat with hot water flowing in the heat receiving pipe 66 in the heat dissipator 29a. Therefore, when the air blower 29b is operated, heat radiation in the storage tank 10 can be prevented by the air warmed in the heat radiator 29a.

  Then, operation | movement of the cogeneration system 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated in detail, referring drawings. The cogeneration system 1 can operate by selecting an operation mode from an operation mode group including a storage mode and a hot water supply mode. The cogeneration system 1 can carry out the storage mode and the hot water supply mode independently or in combination. Hereinafter, the operation of the cogeneration system 1 will be described for each operation mode.

(Storage mode)
In the storage mode, the circulation pump 25 is operated to generate a water flow in the heating flow path 20, the exhaust heat (heat energy) generated with the operation of the fuel cell 5 is recovered, the hot water is heated, and the hot water is This is an operation mode for storing in the storage tank 10. When the cogeneration system 1 operates in the storage mode, the control means 60 closes the heating side three-way valve 28 of the heating flow path 20 with respect to the bypass flow path 23, and the upstream side (storage tank 10 Side) and downstream side (power generation device 2 side). Accordingly, a hot water circulation system as shown by hatching in FIG. 7 is formed by the heating forward flow path 21, the heating return flow path 22, the heat exchanger 6, and the storage tank 10.

  When the circulation pump 25 is operated in a state where the above-described circulation system is formed, low-temperature hot water stored on the bottom side of the storage tank 10 is sucked out from the bottom connection portion 12 as shown by an arrow in FIG. And supplied to the fuel cell 5. As a result, low-temperature hot water is supplied to the fuel cell 5 side to cool the fuel cell 5, and the heat energy generated by the operation of the fuel cell 5 is provided in the fuel cell 5. 6, the water is absorbed by the hot water flowing through the heating flow path 20, and the hot water is heated. Hot water heated by passing through the fuel cell 5 is returned from the top connection portion 11 into the storage tank 10 via the heating return side flow path 22. Thereby, the hot water in the storage tank 10 is heated gradually.

(Hot water supply mode)
The hot water supply mode is an operation mode in which hot water is supplied using hot hot water stored in the storage tank 10 in the above-described storage mode. When the cogeneration system 1 operates in the hot water supply mode, the control means 60 opens the three hot water supply side three-way valves 32 of the hot water supply passage 30 and closes the heating three way valve 28 of the heating passage 20. It will be in the state. At this time, the control means 60 energizes the branch valve 58 and closes the branch valve 58.

  When low-temperature hot water is introduced from the outside through the water supply system C in this state, a part of the low-temperature hot water supplied from an external water supply source is stored in the storage water supply channel 50 as shown by hatching or an arrow in FIG. Flows into the storage tank 10 from the bottom connection portion 12. Thereby, hot hot water stored on the top side of the storage tank 10 is discharged from the storage tank 10 via the top connection portion 11. Here, since the heating side three-way valve 28 is closed in the hot water supply mode, the hot water discharged from the storage tank 10 flows into the hot water supply passage 30.

  On the other hand, the remaining portion of the low-temperature hot water supplied from an external water supply source is introduced into the hot water supply passage 30 through the main flow portion 53 of the hot water supply water supply passage 51. The hot water introduced through the hot water supply channel 51 is mixed with the hot water discharged from the storage tank 10 in the hot water channel 30.

  The control means 60 is configured so that the hot water flowing in the hot water flow channel 30 detected by the inlet side temperature sensor 33 installed downstream of the hot water flow direction with respect to the connecting portion between the hot water flow channel 30 and the hot water supply water flow channel 51. Check the temperature. Here, when the temperature of hot water detected by the inlet side temperature sensor 33 is equal to the temperature of hot water to be discharged from the currant 34 (hot water supply set temperature), the control means 60 does not start the hot water supply device 31. Thereby, the hot water passes through the hot water supply device 31 and is discharged from the currant 34 as it is.

  On the other hand, when the temperature of the hot water detected by the inlet side temperature sensor 33 is lower than the temperature to be discharged from the currant 34, the control means 60 activates the hot water supply device 31 to heat the hot water. Moreover, the control means 60 opens the bypass valve 36 of the hot water supply bypass passage 35 as necessary, and adjusts the temperature of the hot water discharged from the hot water supply device 31.

  Here, in the cogeneration system 1 of the present embodiment, the control means 60 uses a heat recovery device in accordance with the operation of the fuel cell 5 in order to effectively use the thermal energy generated when the fuel cell 5 operates (power generation). 3 is operated in the above-described storage mode, and thermal energy is stored in the storage tank 10 via hot water. However, when the storage tank 10 has reached the thermal energy storage limit, that is, when the storage tank 10 is full of hot hot water heated to a predetermined temperature or higher, the circulating pump 25 is operated to circulate the hot water. However, not only can the heat energy (exhaust heat) generated in the fuel cell 5 be recovered, but the fuel cell 5 cannot be operated under temperature conditions suitable for operation.

  On the other hand, if the fuel cell 5 is stopped on the condition that the storage tank 10 is at the thermal energy storage limit, the energy efficiency of the cogeneration system 1 may be reduced, or inconvenience in using electric energy may occur. There is. More specifically, once the power generation is stopped, the fuel cell 5 requires thermal energy to raise the temperature to a predetermined operating temperature in order to start the next power generation. Further, the fuel cell 5 cannot generate power until it reaches a predetermined operating temperature. Therefore, in consideration of energy efficiency and the like, it is desirable that the fuel cell 5 be stopped in consideration of energy required for raising the temperature to a predetermined operating temperature at the time of startup. Accordingly, when the storage tank 10 is at the thermal energy storage limit, the control means 60 operates the heat dissipation means 29. Thereby, the hot water flowing through the heating channel 20 is cooled, and the operation of the fuel cell 5 can be continued.

  When the heat dissipating means 29 is operated, the air warmed by heat exchange in the heat dissipating means 29 is blown to the storage tank 10 and flows to the top side along the bottom surface and the outer peripheral surface of the storage tank 10. Thereby, the storage tank 10 will be in the state enclosed by the warmed air. Therefore, by operating the heat radiating means 29, heat radiation in the storage tank 10 can be prevented.

  Here, when the storage tank 10 has reached the storage limit of thermal energy, a large amount of hot water heated to a predetermined temperature or more exists in the storage tank 10. Moreover, in the heat recovery device 3 of the present embodiment, hot hot water is stored from the top side of the storage tank 10, and hot water is taken out from the top side of the storage tank 10 and used for hot water supply. Therefore, it is desirable that the heat recovery device 3 has a configuration capable of keeping the temperature up to the top side of the storage tank 10 in consideration of the heat retention efficiency of the hot water in the storage tank 10 and the usage pattern of the hot water in the storage tank 10.

  Based on this knowledge, the heat recovery apparatus 3 of the present embodiment is configured to generate an air flow from the bottom side to the top side of the storage tank 10 by operating the blower 29b. Furthermore, since the heat radiation means 29 is configured such that the top surface side of the main body box 64 of the heat radiator 29a is closed with a closing plate 80 other than the attachment positions of the blowers 29b and 29b, the air blown from the blower 29b Strong momentum. Therefore, the heat recovery apparatus 3 can cover and keep warm by air heated from the bottom surface side to the top surface side of the storage tank 10 by operating the blowers 29b and 29b.

  When the storage tank 10 has reached the thermal energy storage limit, the storage tank 10 is almost full of hot water heated to a predetermined temperature or higher, but is stored on the bottom side of the storage tank 10. It is considered that a considerable period of time is required until hot hot water is used. When the hot water stored on the bottom side of the storage tank 10 dissipates heat and cools, the thermal energy efficiency decreases accordingly. In the heat recovery apparatus 3 of the present embodiment, air warmed by heat radiation from the heat radiation means 29 is blown from the bottom side of the storage tank 10, so that the bottom side of the storage tank 10 is preferentially kept warm. Therefore, in the heat recovery apparatus 3 of the present embodiment, even when high-temperature hot water is stored up to the bottom side of the storage tank 10, the hot water can be sufficiently kept warm.

  The above-described cogeneration system 1 performs a hot water supply operation for discharging heated hot water from the currant 34, but the present invention is not limited to this, and is discharged through the hot water supply channel 30, for example. The hot water is used for dropping into the bath, or is supplied to a load terminal such as a heating terminal. It is good also as a structure which provided the flow path which sends.

  The cogeneration system 1 is only an example that embodies the present invention, and is not limited to the above-described embodiment. More specifically, in the cogeneration system 1, the power generation device 2 generates power using the fuel cell 5, but the power generation device 2 can employ a power generation device using a gas engine or the like. Moreover, although the hot water supply apparatus 31 burns gas and kerosene and heats hot water, a publicly known hot water heating apparatus such as a water heater using electric energy can be adopted.

It is an operation principle diagram of a cogeneration system and a heat recovery device which are one embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state which observed the heat recovery apparatus which is one Embodiment of this invention from the front side. It is a perspective view which shows the state which observed the heat recovery apparatus which is one Embodiment of this invention from the back side. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the assembly structure of the storage tank which comprises the heat recovery apparatus which is one Embodiment of this invention, and a thermal radiation means. (A) is a rear view of the heat recovery apparatus which is one Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a side view which shows the structure in the tank arrangement | positioning area | region of the heat recovery apparatus shown to (a). (A) is a top view of the thermal radiation means employ | adopted in the heat recovery apparatus which is one Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a bottom view. FIG. 2 is an operation principle diagram illustrating an operation state when the cogeneration system illustrated in FIG. 1 operates in a storage mode. FIG. 2 is an operation principle diagram illustrating an operation state when the cogeneration system illustrated in FIG. 1 operates in a hot water supply mode.

1 Cogeneration system 2 Power generator 3 Heat recovery device 5 Fuel cell (thermal energy generator)
10 Storage tank (storage means)
20 Heating path 29 Heat radiating means 29a Radiator 29b Blower 29c Opening (discharge port)
39 Space 64a Opening (Inlet)
70 Bottom raising member 73 Air passage S Cogeneration system H Heating system (thermal energy recovery system)
X region

Claims (8)

A heat recovery device that recovers thermal energy generated in a thermal energy generation device that generates thermal energy with operation,
A thermal energy recovery system for recovering the thermal energy generated in the thermal energy generator via the liquid;
Storage means for storing liquid flowing through the thermal energy recovery system, or liquid heated by heat exchange with the liquid;
A heat dissipating means capable of releasing the thermal energy of the liquid flowing through the energy recovery system,
The heat dissipating means includes a heat dissipator and a blower capable of blowing air to the heat dissipator, and is disposed below the storage means.
The heat recovery apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the blower is installed so that a blowing direction is directed toward the storage unit. The heat recovery apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a space in which a gas can flow is formed between the installation surface of the heat recovery apparatus and the heat dissipation means. Blower, radiator and heat recovery apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that arranged between the reservoir means. The storage means has a connection part for connecting the pipe to the bottom surface,
A plurality of blowers are arranged side by side between the radiator and the bottom surface of the storage means,
The heat recovery apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a space in which the connection portion and / or a pipe connected to the connection portion can be arranged is formed between the plurality of blowers. It has a liquid supply system for taking out the liquid stored in the storage means from the top side of the storage means and supplying it to the heat load outside the heat recovery device,
The thermal energy recovery system can heat the liquid taken out from the bottom side of the storage means and store it back to the top side of the storage means,
The heat recovery apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the blower is installed such that a blowing direction is directed from a bottom side to a top side of the storage unit. The storage means is capable of storing thermal energy up to a predetermined storage limit,
The heat recovery apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the blower operates on condition that the thermal energy stored in the storage means reaches a storage limit of the storage means. The heat recovery means according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the heat dissipating means has an air inlet and an outlet, and an opening area of the outlet is smaller than an opening area of the inlet. apparatus. Cogeneration rate Deployment system characterized in that it comprises a heat recovery device according to any one of claims 1-7.

Images