JP4710314B2 - Road-to-vehicle power supply system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a road-to-vehicle power supply system using wireless power transmission, and more particularly, to a road-to-vehicle power supply system that controls power transmission according to a laying position of a power receiving antenna.

  The present invention relates to a road-to-vehicle power supply system that supplies wireless power from a wireless power transmission means installed on a road to a moving body, detects the position of the vehicle by means of a vehicle position detection means installed on the road, and includes a power reception means mounted on the vehicle. There is one that estimates the position and controls power transmission (see Patent Document 1).

However, the power receiving system of Patent Document 1 detects whether or not the vehicle body exists on the sensor and the length of the vehicle body and the like on the assumption that the power that could not be received is collected, Since rough position is estimated and power transmission is controlled according to the estimated position, if the vehicle type (vehicle size, etc.) is different or if there is no power receiving means, too little or excessive (waste) power supply There was a problem of doing.
JP 2002-152959 A

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide road-to-vehicle power supply with high energy efficiency even when the vehicle type is different or when there is no power receiving means.
According to the present invention, it includes a vehicle-mounted power receiving device that receives power supplied by microwaves, and a road-side power transmitting device that radiates microwaves toward the power receiving device, and the transmitting device is acquired from the power receiving device. A road-to-vehicle power supply system is provided that sets an irradiation area based on reference position information and laying area information of a power receiving antenna and irradiates a power transmission antenna in the set irradiation area with microwaves.

  The road-to-vehicle power supply system according to the present invention sets the irradiation area based on the reference position information set in advance at a predetermined position in the area where the power receiving antenna is laid, so that the vehicle type is different or has a power receiving means. Even when there is not, it is possible to accurately estimate the position of the power receiving means of each vehicle and perform power transmission without waste according to the estimated position of the power receiving means.

<First Embodiment>
Hereinafter, a road-to-vehicle power supply system 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall outline of a road-to-vehicle power supply system 1000, and FIG. 2 shows a block configuration of the road-to-vehicle power supply system 1000.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a road-to-vehicle power supply system 1000 is mounted on a vehicle A and receives a power supply “vehicle-side power receiving device 100” and is laid on a road B to supply power to the vehicle from the road surface side. “Roadside power transmission device 200”.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle-side power receiving device 100 includes a power-receiving-side communication unit 10, an information acquisition unit 20, a controller 101, a rectenna 30, a capacitor 40, and a motor 50. The power is supplied by the microwave received via the power receiving antenna 31 of the rectenna 30.

  The “controller 101” is a control device that controls the operation of the entire in-vehicle device including the vehicle-side power receiving device 100. The controller 101 stores in advance vehicle information related to the vehicle such as the laying area information of the power receiving antenna 31 laid on the vehicle, the vehicle type information of the vehicle, and the power receiving capacity information of the electric vehicle, and allows the information acquisition means 20 to access. The “laying area information” is information that defines the area where the power receiving antenna is laid out with reference to the reference position corresponding to the installation position of the power receiving side communication means 10. The laying area information is information indicating, for example, a range of width Mm and length Lm around the reference position Xm behind the reference position. “Vehicle type information” is information that identifies the vehicle grade of the vehicle. “Receivable capacity information” is information that identifies an electrical capacity that can be received by the power receiving apparatus 100.

  The “information acquisition unit 20” acquires information such as laying area information, vehicle type information, and power receiving capacity information from the controller 101 as necessary, and sends the information to the power receiving side communication unit 10.

  The “power-receiving-side communication unit 10” sends the information acquired from the information acquisition unit 20 to the road-side power transmission device 200. The power receiving side communication means 10 of the present embodiment at least transmits the reference position information corresponding to its own installation position (predetermined position) and the installation area information of the power receiving antenna defined based on the reference position on the power transmission side of the road side B It sends out toward the communication means 60, and sends out laying area information toward the power transmission side communication means 60 on the road side B as necessary.

  The power receiving side communication means 10 of this embodiment is provided at a predetermined position of the vehicle on which the power receiving antenna 31 of the rectenna 30 is laid. That is, the installation position of the power receiving communication means 10 is in a predetermined positional relationship with the area where the power receiving antenna 31 is laid. In this embodiment, it is provided at the approximate center in front of the vehicle (see FIGS. 1 and 3). In the present embodiment, the power receiving side communication means 10 provided at a predetermined position of the vehicle sends a signal directly below. Of the plurality of power transmission side communication means 60 laid in a plane on the road side, the road side power transmission side communication means 60 directly below the vehicle side power reception side communication means 10 receives a signal from the power reception side communication means 10. . Based on the position of the roadside power transmission side communication means 60 that acquired this signal, the roadside power transmission apparatus 200 acquires a predetermined position (two-dimensional installation position) where the power reception side communication means 10 of the vehicle side power reception apparatus 100 is provided. Then, reference position information corresponding to the predetermined position is acquired.

  The power receiving side communication means 10 can send and receive information by wireless communication and infrared communication. However, from the viewpoint of ensuring interference resistance to transmission / reception of high-power wireless power by the power system, in this embodiment, infrared communication is used. Send and receive information. Thus, in the power transmission / reception system, the reference position information can be transmitted / received without receiving radio wave interference.

  The “rectenna 30” is an element including a power receiving antenna 31, an input / output filter 32, and a rectifying element 33 such as a rectifier diode, and directly extracts DC power from a microwave received by the power receiving antenna 31. In the present embodiment, a plurality of rectenna elements 30 are arranged on the bottom surface of the vehicle A in a planar shape. The power receiving antenna 31 of the rectenna 30 disposed on the bottom surface of the vehicle A faces the power transmitting antenna 80 laid on the road side.

  The “capacitor 40” is a secondary battery, a capacitor, or the like, and stores the energy extracted by the rectenna 30. The battery 40 includes a charge control unit 41 that functions as a matching circuit for charging the battery 40 with the received power.

  “Motor 90” converts the electric power stored in the battery 40 or the electric energy supplied from the rectenna 30 into a driving force and transmits it to the driving system of the vehicle.

  Next, the roadside power transmission device 200 will be described.

  The roadside power transmission device 200 includes a power transmission side communication unit 60, a control unit 70, a power transmission antenna 80, and a power generator 90, and irradiates microwaves toward the power reception antenna 31 of the vehicle side power reception device 100.

  The “power transmission side communication unit 60” receives vehicle information (laying area information, vehicle type information, and / or power reception capacity) transmitted from the power reception side communication unit 10 of the vehicle side power reception unit 100, and transmits the vehicle information to the control unit 70. To do.

  The “power transmission antenna 80” transmits the high frequency power generated by the “power generator 90” to the power reception antenna 31 as wireless power. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the power transmission antenna 80 forms a unit with the power transmission side communication means 60 and is laid in a plane on the road surface. In the power transmission antenna 80, the output of the microwave is controlled by the control means 70 described later.

  The “control unit 70” includes an irradiation area setting unit 71, a power transmission capacity setting unit 72, and an irradiation control unit 73. In this example, both the irradiation region setting unit 71 and the power transmission capacity setting unit 72 are provided, but only the irradiation region setting unit 71 may be provided.

  The irradiation area setting unit 71 sets an irradiation area based on the received reference position information. The irradiation region is a region for selecting a target (power transmission antenna 80) whose on / off of the microwave output is controlled. The irradiation area setting unit 71 of the present embodiment acquires laying area information sent from the power receiving side communication means 10 of the vehicle side power receiving apparatus 100 together with the reference position information, and based on the acquired reference position information and laying area information. Set the irradiation area. Further, the irradiation area setting unit 71 acquires the reference position information and the vehicle type information, refers to the correspondence information in which the vehicle type information and the installation area are associated in advance, and performs irradiation based on the reference position information and the vehicle type information. An area can be set. The power transmission antenna 80 in the set irradiation area is a target of microwave output control. The irradiation control unit 73 described later causes the power transmission antenna in the irradiation area to start irradiation with microwaves. That is, the operation of the power transmission antenna outside the irradiation area is stopped.

  The operation of the control means 70 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the state where the vehicle A is located on the road B in which the power transmission antenna 80 is embedded. As described above, the rectenna 30 including the power receiving antenna 31 is laid on the bottom surface of the vehicle A. The road surface side power transmission side communication means 60 ′ facing the power reception side communication means 10 receives the signal transmitted from the vehicle side power transmission side communication means 10 directly downward. The irradiation area setting unit 71 acquires the position of the power transmission side communication unit 60 ′ as reference position information. The irradiation area setting unit 71 determines the irradiation area Y2 based on the reference position information X corresponding to the position where the power receiving side communication means 10 is installed and the laying area information defining the laying area Y1 of the power receiving antenna 31 on the vehicle side. Set. The Y1 region and the Y2 region have substantially the same shape, and overlap with each other without excess or deficiency. The irradiation control unit 73 transmits microwaves from the power transmission antenna 80 in the set irradiation region Y2. The power transmission antenna 80 in the irradiation area where microwaves are transmitted is indicated by light ink.

  Thus, since the power transmission antenna 80 in the irradiation area set based on the reference position information and the laying area information (including the case derived from the vehicle type information) is at a position facing the power receiving antenna 31 of the vehicle, Can be transmitted with high efficiency.

  The power transmission capacity setting unit 72 acquires power reception capacity information in addition to the received reference position information and laying area information, and sets the power transmission capacity based on the acquired power reception capacity. In addition, the transmission capacity setting unit 72 acquires the receivable capacity information, and sets the transmission capacity with reference to the correspondence information in which the receivable capacity and the laying area are associated in advance based on the acquired receivable capacity. Can do. When the power transmission capacity is set, the irradiation control unit 73 causes the power transmission antenna 80 to irradiate the microwave corresponding to the power transmission capacity.

  Next, the operation of the road-to-vehicle power supply system 1000 of this embodiment will be described based on the flowchart of FIG.

  First, with activation of the power transmission function of the vehicle-side power receiving device 100, the power-receiving-side communication means 10 sends vehicle information to the road-side power transmitting device 200 (S120). The power receiving side communication means 10 of this example sends the reference position information, the laying area information, and the power receiving capacity as vehicle information. Specifically, the power receiving side communication means 10 of the present embodiment sends the installation position information of the power receiving side communication means 10 as reference position information, and is behind Pm (with respect to the vehicle traveling direction) of this reference position. The reception area information indicating that 20 groups of power reception antennas 31 are laid in a range of width Qm × length Rm with reference to the reference position, and the power reception indicating the maximum rating of wireless power that can be allowed by the power reception antenna element 31 on the vehicle side Send available capacity information.

  When the power transmission side communication means 60 of the roadside power transmission device 200 receives the vehicle information transmitted from the vehicle side, the controller 101 of the roadside power transmission device 200 detects the presence of a vehicle that requests supply of power (S110). That is, the power transmission device 200 treats any signal such as vehicle information received from the power reception device 100 as a power request signal issued by the vehicle side.

  The power transmission side communication unit 60 of the roadside power transmission device 200 acquires the reference position information from the power reception side communication unit 10 of the vehicle side power reception device 100 (S111), and the irradiation area setting unit 71 sets the reference position (S112). The irradiation region setting unit 71 of the present embodiment determines the position of the power transmission side communication means 60 that has received the signal transmitted from the power reception side communication means 10 of the vehicle side power reception device 100 as the installation position (predetermined) of the vehicle side communication means 10. Position), and that position is set as a reference position.

  The power transmission side communication means 60 of the roadside power transmission device 200 acquires laying area information from the power reception side communication means 10 of the vehicle side power receiving apparatus 100 (S113), and the irradiation area setting unit 71 irradiates the irradiation area based on the acquired laying area information. Is set (S114). Moreover, you may set an irradiation area | region using vehicle type information. In this case, the irradiation area setting unit 71 acquires the reference position information and the vehicle type information via the power transmission side communication unit 60, and refers to the information that associates the vehicle type information and the installation area information with the installation area from the vehicle type information. The irradiation area is set based on the laying area information and the reference position information.

  The power transmission side communication means 60 of the roadside power transmission device 200 acquires the receivable capacity information from the power reception side communication means 10 of the vehicle side power reception apparatus 100 (S115), and the power transmission capacity setting unit 72 is based on the acquired power reception capacity information. A power transmission capacity is set (S116). Further, the power receiving capacity may be set using the vehicle type information. In this case, the power transmission capacity setting unit 72 acquires the vehicle type information via the power transmission side communication means 60, refers to the information associating the vehicle type information and the receivable capacity, and derives the receivable capacity from the vehicle type information. The power transmission capacity is set based on the power reception capacity.

  The irradiation control unit 73 causes the power transmitting antenna 80 in the irradiation region set by the irradiation region setting unit 71 to transmit a microwave corresponding to the power transmission capacity set by the power transmission capacity setting unit 72 toward the power receiving antenna 31. (S117).

  According to the present embodiment, the irradiation area to be irradiated is set based on the reference position information and the laying area information of the power receiving antenna 31, and the power transmission antenna in the set irradiation area is irradiated with the microwave. Therefore, even when the vehicle types are different, that is, when the rectenna installation position, the rectenna installation area, and the rectenna size are different, power transmission can be performed efficiently. Further, it is possible to prevent unnecessary power transmission to a vehicle not equipped with a power receiving device. Furthermore, even when the position of the vehicle is not located at a predetermined location (for example, in the center of the lane) with respect to the road, power transmission can be performed efficiently.

  Moreover, the same effect can be acquired by setting the irradiation area which performs irradiation based on reference | standard position information and vehicle type information, and making a power transmission antenna in the set irradiation area perform microwave irradiation. .

  According to the present embodiment, a request value for wireless power that can be received by the vehicle-side power receiving device 100 is acquired as receivable capacity information, and transmission power is controlled based on the acquired receivable capacity information. Even when the allowable power is different, an appropriate amount of power can be supplied. Furthermore, even if a power receiving device is installed, if power supply is not required on the vehicle side, power transmission is not performed, and an amount of power can be supplied as necessary, so that unnecessary power transmission can be prevented. it can.

  Moreover, the same effect can be acquired by setting power transmission capacity based on vehicle type information, and performing the irradiation of the quantity of microwaves according to the set power transmission capacity.

<Second Embodiment>
In the first embodiment, the outputs of the transmission antennas provided in the irradiation area obtained based on the reference position information and the laying area information are collectively controlled. On the other hand, the road-to-vehicle power supply system 1000 according to the second embodiment is a so-called distributed configuration example, in which a road-side power transmission antenna 80 is provided with a power-transmission-side communication means 60 and a control means 70, and each power transmission The antennas 80 are controlled independently.

  The outline of the overall configuration of the road-to-vehicle power supply system 1100 of this embodiment is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the road-to-vehicle power supply system 1100 according to the second embodiment is mounted on a vehicle A and receives a power supply “vehicle-side power receiving device 110”, and is laid on a road B. A “roadside power transmission device 210” that supplies power from

  Moreover, the block configuration of the road-to-vehicle power supply system 1100 of this embodiment is shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, although each structure of the road-to-vehicle power supply system 1100 of 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated, it avoids overlapping description about the part which is common in each structure of 1st Embodiment, and it demonstrates focusing on a different point.

  The “vehicle-side power receiving device 110” on the vehicle side that receives power supply includes the power-receiving-side communication means 10, the information acquisition means 20, the controller 101, the rectenna 30, the battery 40, and the motor 50, Power is supplied by the received microwave. The power receiving side communication means 10 sends out a power request signal toward the road side.

  The roadside power transmission device 210 that supplies power includes a power transmission antenna 80, a power transmission side communication unit 60 and a control unit 70 that are provided alongside the power transmission antenna. The power transmission side communication means 60 receives the power request signal from the vehicle side power reception side communication means 10 at the opposite position. The control unit 70 includes a power request signal acquisition unit 74 and a power transmission control unit 75. The power request signal acquisition unit 74 acquires a power request signal via the power transmission side communication means 60. The power request signal does not have special information and may be a signal transmitted from the power receiving side communication means 10. When the power request signal is acquired by the power request signal acquisition unit 74, the power transmission control unit 73 irradiates the power transmission antenna 80 provided therewith with microwaves.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the rectenna 30 including the power receiving antenna 31 on the vehicle side and the power receiving communication means 10 form one unit, and the road power transmitting antenna 80, the control means 70, and the power transmitting communication means 60 are one. The power receiving antenna 31 and the power transmitting antenna 80 in the unit are provided so that the power receiving side communication means 10 and the power transmission side communication means 60 face each other. The power request signal transmitted from the power-receiving-side communication means 10 on the vehicle side directly downward is received by the power-transmission-side communication means 60 provided at the opposite position. When acquiring the power request signal, the control unit 70 transmits the microwave to the power transmission antenna 80 provided in the power transmission side communication unit 60 that has received the power request signal. The power transmission antenna 80 shown in light black in FIG. 7 is the power transmission antenna 80 provided in the power transmission side communication means 60 that has received the power request signal. Since the power receiving antenna 31 and the power transmitting antenna 80 provided in each of the power receiving side communication means 10 and the power transmitting side communication means 60 facing each other face each other, the wireless power transmitted from the power transmitting antenna 80 is sent to the power receiving antenna 31. Power is received with high efficiency.

Next, the operation procedure of the road-to-vehicle power supply system of this embodiment will be described based on the flowchart of FIG.
The vehicle-side power-reception-side communication means 10 sends out a charge request signal toward the road surface (S200). The roadside power transmission side communication unit 60 that has received the transmitted power request signal transmits to the control unit 70 that the power request signal has been received. When the power transmission control unit 73 acquires the power request signal via the power request signal acquisition unit 74 (Y in S210), the power transmission control unit 73 applies microwaves to the power transmission antenna 80 provided in the power receiving side communication unit 60 that has received the power request signal. Is transmitted (S220).

According to this embodiment, the power receiving antenna 31 is provided with the power receiving communication means 10, and the power transmitting antenna 80 is provided with the power transmitting communication means 60, and the power transmission signal received from the power receiving communication means 10 is received. Since the power transmission antenna 80 provided in the side communication means 60 is operated, wireless power can be supplied with high efficiency. Further, since it is not necessary to construct a network of all the power transmission antennas 80 and the control means laid out, the configuration of the roadside power transmission device 210 can be simplified, and the road-side infrastructure cost can be reduced.

  According to the present embodiment, the arithmetic processing can be simplified as compared with the case where the power transmission antennas 80 are collectively controlled, so that the calculation amount can be reduced and the processing efficiency can be improved.

  According to the present embodiment, since power transmission is controlled according to the position of the power receiving antenna on the vehicle side, power can be supplied with high efficiency even when the arrangement of the rectenna on the vehicle side is complicated. The degree can be improved.

  The embodiment described above is described for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and is not described for limiting the present invention. Therefore, each element disclosed in the above embodiment is intended to include all design changes and equivalents belonging to the technical scope of the present invention.

1 is an overall schematic diagram of a road-to-vehicle power supply system of a first embodiment. It is a block block diagram of the road-to-vehicle power supply system of 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram at the time of seeing through the road-to-vehicle power supply system of a 1st embodiment from the upper surface. It is a figure which shows the control procedure of the road-to-vehicle power supply system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a whole schematic diagram of the road-to-vehicle power supply system of 2nd Embodiment. It is a block block diagram of the road-to-vehicle power supply system of 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram at the time of seeing through the road-to-vehicle power supply system of a 2nd embodiment from the upper surface. It is a figure which shows the control procedure of the road-to-vehicle power supply system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1000 ... Road-to-vehicle power supply system 100 ... Vehicle side power receiving apparatus 10 ... Power receiving side communication means 20 ... Information acquisition means 30 ... In-vehicle apparatus controller 40 ... Power storage device 50 ... Motor 200 ... Road side power transmission apparatus 60 ... Power transmission side communication means 70 ... Control Means 71 ... Irradiation area setting unit 72 ... Power transmission capacity installation unit 73 ... Power transmission control unit 74 ... Power request signal acquisition unit 80 ... Power transmission antenna 90 ... Power generator

Claims (6)

A power receiving device mounted on a vehicle and receiving power supply by microwaves received via a power receiving antenna;
A road-to-vehicle power supply system having a power transmission device installed on a road and provided with a power transmission antenna that irradiates the power receiving antenna with microwaves from the road surface side,
The power receiving device is provided at a predetermined position of a vehicle having the power receiving antenna, and includes information including reference position information corresponding to the predetermined position and installation area information of the power receiving antenna defined based on the reference position. Power receiving side communication means for sending to the power transmission antenna,
The power transmission device sets an irradiation region based on the reference position information and the laying region information received from the power reception device side, and includes a control unit that irradiates the power transmission antenna in the set irradiation region with microwaves. Inter-vehicle power supply system. The power receiving side communication means of the power receiving device transmits the reference position information and the vehicle type information of the vehicle toward the power transmitting device,
The control unit of the power transmission apparatus sets an irradiation area based on the reference position information and the vehicle type information received from the power reception apparatus side with reference to information that associates the vehicle type information with the installation area of the power receiving antenna in advance. The road-to-vehicle power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the power transmission antenna in the set irradiation area is irradiated with microwaves. A power receiving device mounted on a vehicle and receiving power supply by microwaves received via a plurality of power receiving antennas;
A road-to-vehicle power supply system having a plurality of power transmission antennas installed on a road and radiating microwaves from the road surface toward the power receiving antenna,
The power receiving device is provided in each of the plurality of receiving antennas , and has a power receiving side communication means for transmitting a power request signal toward the power transmitting device side,
The power transmission device includes a power transmission side communication unit and a control unit provided in each of the plurality of power transmission antennas,
Said control means of the power transmission device, when said power transmission side communication means receives the power request signal from the receiving-side communication unit of the vehicle which is in its opposite position, are parallel in the power transmission side communication means receives the power demand signal Road-to-vehicle power supply system that irradiates microwaves to a power transmission antenna. The power receiving side communication means of the power receiving device further sends power receiving capacity information of the vehicle toward the power transmitting device,
The control means of the power transmission device further sets a power transmission capacity according to the received power receivable capacity information and irradiates the power transmission antenna with a microwave corresponding to the set power transmission capacity. Road-to-vehicle power supply system described in 1. The power receiving side communication means of the power receiving device further transmits the vehicle type information of the vehicle toward the power transmitting device,
Based on the received vehicle type information, the control means of the power transmission device sets the power transmission capacity with reference to information in which the vehicle type information and the power receiving capacity are associated in advance, and the microwave corresponding to the set power transmission capacity The road-to-vehicle power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the power transmission antenna is irradiated.   The road-to-vehicle power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the communication means on the power reception side and the power transmission side transmits information by infrared communication.

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