JP4712673B2 - Ship and its bow structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ship and its bow structure.

Conventionally, a ship such as an oil tanker has a deck warehouse (Boatswain's store) composed of a space divided by an upper deck, an inner deck placed inside the hull at the bow and a collision bulkhead. Is provided. The bow includes a spherical bow (BulbousBow) and a flared bow whose outer shape spreads outward from the vicinity of the inner deck, and extends along the longitudinal direction of the ship. In a cross section of a ship cut by a vertical plane that includes flares, the angle between the outer surface of the flare-shaped bow and the horizontal plane (flare angle) is increased so that the waves caused by the reflected waves at the bow without increasing the overall length of the hull Ships that reduce the amount of increase in medium resistance are known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2006-224811 A

  By the way, in the conventional ship, a small aggregate (frame) is arranged between the upper deck and the inner deck constituting the deck warehouse so as to extend in the direction from the inner deck to the upper deck along the inner surface of the outer board. Large aggregates (stringers) that run vertically along the inner surface of the outer plate are connected to these small aggregates to form a flared bow framework (this structure is a vertical structure) The load due to waves acting on the outer plate constituting the flared bow is transmitted in the order of the outer plate, the small aggregate, and the large aggregate. In this flared bow, because of its shape, the radius of curvature of the outer plate at the position corresponding to the inner deck is smaller than the radius of curvature of the outer plate at the position corresponding to the upper deck. Therefore, if the small aggregates are arranged so that the horizontal intervals between adjacent small aggregates are substantially equal in order to make the strength of the flared bow uniform, the small aggregates constituting the flared bow are separated from the inner deck. It will spread radially toward the upper deck. Small aggregates are less rigid than large aggregates, and the number of small aggregates is usually larger than the number of large aggregates. The gap in the horizontal direction is narrowed.

  And since the gap between adjacent small aggregates becomes narrow in this way, (1) welding of the small aggregate to the outer plate becomes extremely difficult, (2) after welding of the small aggregate to the outer plate It is necessary to paint all the exposed parts of the small aggregate and the outer plate, but it is difficult to reliably paint the small aggregate and the outer plate in the narrow gap. (3) Ships in the narrow gap There was a problem that maintenance after completion became difficult. For this reason, in conventional ships, labor costs have increased with the increase in work time for welding, painting, maintenance, etc., and manufacturing costs have increased significantly. This problem is remarkable in a ship such as Patent Document 1 in which a flare angle is set large. In addition, this problem cannot be solved by reducing the flare angle due to restrictions on the arrangement of the mooring device provided on the upper deck.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the ship which can suppress that the clearance gap between adjacent aggregates becomes narrow, and can reduce the manufacturing cost of a ship, and its bow structure.

The bow structure of a ship according to the present invention has an upper deck and an inner deck disposed below the upper deck and inside the hull at the bow, and the bow has an outer shape upward from the vicinity of the inner deck. A bow structure of a ship including a flare-shaped bow that spreads outward as it goes, a plurality of small aggregates that are joined to an outer plate, an inner surface of the outer plate, and constitute a flared bow frame, and a small bone It has higher rigidity than the lumber, and is joined to the inner surface of the outer plate and the small aggregate, and has a plurality of large aggregates constituting the flared bow frame, and the large aggregate is bonded to the inner surface of the outer plate The upper and lower decks extend in the vertical direction along the inner surface of the outer plate, and the small aggregate extends from the rear of the hull toward the bow along the inner surface of the outer plate. the aggregate that through vertical has become separate from, who intersects the large aggregates are bonded to the inner surface of the outer plate Bow structure, characterized in that extending in the form of elongate along the outer plate inner surface.

  In the bow structure of a ship according to the present invention, a large aggregate having rigidity higher than that of a small aggregate extends in a direction from the inner deck to the upper deck, and the small aggregate extends in a direction crossing the large aggregate. Exist. Therefore, the small aggregates are not arranged so as to spread radially from the inner deck to the upper deck, and the gap between adjacent small aggregates is not narrowed. On the other hand, large aggregates are arranged so as to spread radially from the inner deck to the upper deck, but large aggregates are more rigid than small aggregates, and the number of arranged small aggregates is also small. Since there are fewer than materials, it is suppressed that the gap | interval of adjacent large aggregates becomes narrow. As a result, workability is improved and the manufacturing cost of the ship can be reduced.

  Further, in the bow structure of the ship according to the present invention, the bow includes a flared bow, and a small aggregate and an aggregate that runs vertically from the rear of the hull along the inner surface of the outer plate toward the bow. Is a separate body. Therefore, when the small aggregate and the aggregate running vertically from the rear of the hull to the bow along the inner surface of the outer plate are integrated, the twist of the small aggregate that can occur near the bow is suppressed. As a result, the production of small aggregates becomes easy.

  The small aggregate is a flat plate-like first plate-like portion and a flat plate-like second plate disposed at the end of the first plate-like member so as to be substantially perpendicular to the first plate-like portion. The first plate-like portion is preferably joined to the inner surface of the outer plate so as to be substantially perpendicular to the outer plate. In this case, the first plate-like portion and the outer plate can be easily joined as compared to the case where the first plate-like portion is joined to the inner surface of the outer plate so as to be inclined with respect to the outer plate. As a result, the working time can be shortened and the strength of the small aggregate can be improved, so that the size of the small aggregate can be reduced.

  In addition, a plurality of girders extending in the direction from the bow to the stern are provided on the lower surface of the inner deck, and the rear end of the plurality of girders is perpendicular to the center line extending along the longitudinal direction of the hull. The outer peripheral length at a position corresponding to the upper deck of the outer plate included on the bow side than the virtual plane including the rear end of the girder located on the stern part side, the inside of the outer plate included on the bow side of the virtual plane It is preferable that A / B ≧ 1.5 when the outer peripheral length at the position corresponding to the deck is B. When A / B <1.5, there is no significant difference in size between the outer peripheral length A at the position corresponding to the upper deck of the outer plate and the outer peripheral length B at the position corresponding to the inner deck of the outer plate. Since the flare angle is small, the effects of the present invention tend not to be obtained sufficiently.

  The ship according to the present invention has any one of the above bow structures.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it can suppress that the clearance gap between adjacent aggregates becomes narrow, and can provide the ship which can reduce the manufacturing cost of a ship, and its bow structure.

  Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements or elements having the same function, and a duplicate description is omitted.

  First, the overall structure of the ship 10 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a side view showing a ship according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the ship 10 includes a hull 12, a propulsion device 16, a rudder 18 that controls a propulsion direction, and the like. The ship 10 is an enlarged ship such as an oil tanker in the present embodiment.

  The hull 12 has a bow portion 20, a hull center portion 22, and a stern portion 24. The bow portion 20 includes an upper deck 26, a deck warehouse 32 constituted by a space defined by an inner deck 28 disposed below the upper deck 26 and inside the hull 12 at the bow, and a bow bulkhead 30. Is provided. The hull center portion 22 is provided with a plurality of holds such as oil tanks. The stern portion 24 is provided with a propelling device 16 and a rudder 18.

  Next, the structure of the bow portion 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a front view showing the bow of the ship according to the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an expanded arrangement of aggregates constituting the flare portion. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the upper deck in the vicinity of the bow. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the inner deck in the vicinity of the bow. 6 is a view taken along the line VI-VI in FIGS. 4 and 5.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bow 20 has a spherical bow 34 and a flared bow 36. The spherical bow 34 projects in a spherical shape toward the traveling direction of the ship 10 and can reduce the wave resistance.

  The flared bow 36 has a flared shape in which the outer shape of the bow spreads outward as it goes upward from the vicinity of the inner deck 28. The flared bow 36 includes an outer plate 38, a plurality (seven in this embodiment) of large aggregates 40 and a plurality (12 in this embodiment) of small aggregates 42.

  The outer plate 38 is disposed on the outer surface of the hull 12 and defines the outer shape of the hull 12.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each large aggregate 40 extends along the inner surface of the outer plate 38 in the direction from the inner deck 28 toward the upper deck 30. In order to make the strength of the flare bow 36 uniform, the large aggregates 40 are arranged so that the intervals in the horizontal direction between adjacent large aggregates 40 are substantially equal. Therefore, the large aggregate 40 spreads radially from the inner deck 28 toward the upper deck 26 (see FIG. 2).

  As shown in FIG. 6, the large aggregate 40 is several times larger in size than the small aggregate 42 and has higher rigidity than the small aggregate 42. The large aggregate 40 has a first plate-like portion 40a made of a steel plate and a second plate-like portion 40b made of a steel plate. The 2nd plate-shaped part 40b is arrange | positioned at the edge part of the 1st plate-shaped part 40a so that it may become substantially perpendicular | vertical with respect to the 1st plate-shaped part 40a. As such a large aggregate 40, for example, a T-shaped steel material or an L-shaped steel material can be used.

  The leading edge of the large aggregate 40 is joined to the inner surface of the outer plate 38 as shown in FIGS. The front edge side of the first plate-like portion 40a of the large aggregate 40 is joined to a plurality of small aggregates 42 as shown in FIG. At this time, in the place where the small aggregate 42 penetrates the first plate-like portion 40 a of the large aggregate 40, the first plate-like portion 40 a of the large aggregate 40 is added to the small aggregate 42 and the auxiliary steel plate 44. Are joined together (see FIG. 6).

  The upper end of the large aggregate 40 is joined to the lower surface of the upper deck 26 as shown in FIGS. Similarly, a web beam 46 disposed so as to be perpendicular to a center line X (see FIG. 4) extending along the longitudinal direction of the hull 12 is joined to the lower surface of the upper deck 26. The upper portion of the large aggregate 40 extends from the outer plate 38 of the bow 20 to the web beam 46. Therefore, the large aggregate 40 has a substantially inverted L shape when viewed from the side (see FIG. 6).

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each small aggregate 42 extends along the inner surface of the outer plate 38 in a direction intersecting the first plate-like portion 40 a of each large aggregate 40. Of the large aggregates 40, the large aggregates 40A and 40B arranged closest to the stern part 24 do not extend to the stern part 24 side. That is, the small aggregates 42 are separate from the ship-side vertical frame 48 that runs vertically along the inner surface of the side skin of the hull 12 from the rear of the hull 12 toward the bow 20. Further, the small aggregates 42 are arranged so that the intervals between the adjacent small aggregates 42 are substantially equal in order to make the strength of the flared bow 36 uniform. The interval between the adjacent small aggregates 42 is set such that a human can go up and down between the inner deck 28 and the upper deck 26 through each small aggregate 42 without using other equipment. It is preferable.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the small aggregate 42 has a first plate-like portion 42a made of a steel plate and a second plate-like portion 42b made of a steel plate. The second plate-like portion 42b is disposed at the end of the first plate-like portion 42a so as to be substantially perpendicular to the first plate-like portion 42a. As such a small aggregate 42, for example, a T-shaped steel material or an L-shaped steel material can be used. The first plate-like portion 42 a of the small aggregate 42 is joined to the inner surface of the outer plate 38 so as to be substantially perpendicular to the outer plate 38. Note that the number and size of the small aggregates 42 are determined based on loads due to waves and the like that are assumed to act on the area of the lattice defined by the large aggregate 40 and the small aggregate 42. .

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a plurality of girders 50 arranged to coincide with the lower ends of the corresponding large aggregates 40 are joined to the lower surface of the inner deck 28. Similarly, a web beam 52 disposed so as to be perpendicular to a center line X (see FIG. 5) extending along the longitudinal direction of the hull 12 is joined to the lower surface of the inner deck 28. The girder 50 extends from the outer plate 38 of the bow 20 to the web beam 52.

  As the structure of the flared bow 36, when a virtual plane S including the rear ends of the girders 50A and 50B, which is perpendicular to the center line X and the rear end of the girder 50 is located closest to the stern portion 24, is assumed. The outer peripheral length at a position corresponding to the upper deck 26 of the outer plate 38 included on the bow portion 20 side from S is A (see FIG. 4), and the inside of the outer plate 38 included on the bow portion 20 side from the virtual plane S It is preferable that A / B ≧ 1.5 when the outer peripheral length at the position corresponding to the deck 28 is B (see FIG. 5). When A / B <1.5, the outer peripheral length A at the position corresponding to the upper deck 26 of the outer plate 38 and the outer peripheral length B at the position corresponding to the inner deck 28 of the outer plate 38 are sized. Since there is not so much difference and the flare angle becomes small, there is a tendency that the effects of the present invention cannot be obtained sufficiently. Further, when the interval between adjacent large aggregates 40 among a plurality of large aggregates 40 at a position corresponding to the inner deck 28 is C (see FIGS. 2 and 3), C ≧ 600 mm. It is preferable. When C <600 mm, the gap in the horizontal direction between adjacent large aggregates 40 in the vicinity of the inner deck 28 among the plurality of large aggregates 40 tends to be narrow.

  By the way, in the conventional ship 110, the small aggregate 142 is arrange | positioned so that it may extend in the direction which goes to the upper deck 26 from the inner deck 28 along the inner surface of the outer board 38 between the upper deck 26 and the inner deck 28, A stringer 140 that passes vertically along the inner surface of the outer plate 38 in the horizontal direction is connected to the small aggregates 142 to form a flared bow 136 framework. In the flared bow 136, due to its shape, the radius of curvature of the outer plate 38 at a position corresponding to the inner deck 28 is smaller than the radius of curvature of the outer plate 38 at a position corresponding to the upper deck 26. Therefore, if the small aggregates 142 are arranged so that the horizontal intervals between the adjacent small aggregates 142 are substantially equal in order to make the strength of the flared bow 136 uniform, the small aggregates constituting the flared bow 136 are arranged. As shown in FIG. 7, 142 spreads radially from the inner deck 28 toward the upper deck 26. The small aggregate 142 is lower in rigidity than the stringers 140, and the number of small aggregates 142 is usually larger than the number of stringers 140. The gap in the horizontal direction is narrowed.

  And since the space | interval of the adjacent small aggregate 142 becomes narrow in this way, (1) Welding to the outer plate of the small aggregate 142 becomes very difficult, (2) To the outer plate 38 of the small aggregate 142 After the welding, it is necessary to paint all the exposed portions of the small aggregate 142 and the outer plate 38, but it is difficult to reliably coat the small aggregate 142 and the outer plate 38 in a narrow gap. (3) There is a problem that maintenance after completion of the ship 110 in a narrow gap becomes difficult. Therefore, in the conventional ship 110, the labor cost increased with the increase in working time for welding, painting, maintenance, etc., and the manufacturing cost increased remarkably.

  However, in this embodiment, the large aggregate 40 having higher rigidity than the small aggregate 42 extends in the direction from the inner deck 28 toward the upper deck 26, and the small aggregate 42 intersects the large aggregate 40. It extends in the direction you want. Therefore, the small aggregates 42 are not arranged so as to spread radially from the inner deck 28 toward the upper deck 26, and the gap between the adjacent small aggregates 42 is not narrowed. On the other hand, the large aggregate 40 is arranged so as to spread radially from the inner deck 28 toward the upper deck 26. However, the large aggregate 40 has higher rigidity than the small aggregate 42 and is arranged. Therefore, the gap between adjacent large aggregates 40 is prevented from becoming narrow. As a result, workability is improved, and the manufacturing cost of the ship 10 can be reduced. Since the number of large aggregates 40 extending in the direction from the inner deck 28 to the upper deck 26 is small in this way, a flare-shaped bow 36 and a spherical bow 34 by a block construction method which is usually performed are used. When assembling, the lower end of the large aggregate 40 and the spherical bow 34 can be easily aligned and joined.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the bow portion 20 includes the flared bow 36 so that the small aggregate 42 and the inner surface of the side outer plate of the hull 12 are directed from the rear of the hull 12 toward the bow portion 20. The ship-side vertical frame 48 running vertically is a separate body. For this reason, when the small aggregate 42 and the ship side vertical frame 48 are integrated, the twist of the small aggregate 42 that may occur in the vicinity of the bow portion 20 is suppressed, and as a result, it is easy to manufacture the small aggregate. Become.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the second aggregate 42 is joined to the end portion of the first plate member 42a so that the small aggregate 42 is substantially perpendicular to the first plate portion 42a and the first plate portion 42a. The plate-shaped portion 42 b is configured, and the first plate-shaped portion 42 a is joined to the inner surface of the outer plate 38 so as to be substantially perpendicular to the outer plate 38. Therefore, compared with the case where it joins with the inner surface of the outer plate 38 so that the 1st plate-shaped part 42a may become diagonal with respect to the outer plate 38, the 1st plate-shaped part 42a and the outer plate 38 are simply. Since it can be joined, the working time can be shortened, and the strength of the small aggregate 42 is improved, so that the size of the small aggregate 42 can be reduced.

  In the present embodiment, when the outer peripheral length A at the position corresponding to the upper deck 26 of the outer plate 38 and the outer peripheral length B at the position corresponding to the inner deck 28 of the outer plate 38 are defined, A / B ≧ 1.5. By setting A / B in this way, workability can be improved even when the flare angle is large, and the manufacturing cost of the ship 10 can be reduced.

  Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, in the present embodiment, the present invention is applied to a large-sized ship such as an oil tanker. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to various ships that have similar problems.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the bow portion 20 of the ship 10 has the spherical bow 34 and the flared bow 36, but the present invention is applied to various ships in which the bow portion 20 has the flared bow 36. Is possible.

  In the present embodiment, C ≧ 600 mm, but C <600 mm may be used.

It is a side view which shows the ship which concerns on this embodiment. It is a front view which shows the bow of the ship which concerns on this embodiment. It is a top view shown in the state where arrangement of aggregates which constitute a flare part was developed. It is a top view which shows the upper deck in the bow vicinity. It is a top view which shows the internal deck in the bow vicinity. It is the VI-VI line arrow directional view of FIG.4 and FIG.5. It is a front view which shows the bow of the conventional ship.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Ship, 12 ... Hull, 20 ... Bow, 26 ... Upper deck, 28 ... Inner deck, 30 ... Bow bulkhead, 36 ... Flare bow, 38 ... Outer plate, 40 ... Large aggregate, 42 ... Small bone 50, girder.

Claims (4)

A flared shape having an upper deck and an inner deck disposed below the upper deck and inside the hull at the bow, the bow extending outwardly from the vicinity of the inner deck toward the upper side A bow structure of a ship containing the bow,
The outer plate,
A plurality of small aggregates joined to the inner surface of the outer plate and constituting the flared bow frame;
A plurality of large aggregates having rigidity higher than that of the small aggregates, joined to the inner surface of the outer plate and the small aggregates, and constituting the flared bow frame;
The large aggregate extends in the vertical direction in a long shape along the inner surface of the outer plate from the inner deck to the upper deck by joining to the inner surface of the outer plate ,
The small aggregate is separate from the aggregate that runs vertically from the rear of the hull toward the bow along the inner surface of the outer plate, and is joined to the inner surface of the outer plate. A bow structure extending in a long shape along the inner surface of the outer plate in a direction intersecting with the large aggregate. The small aggregate includes a flat plate-like first plate-like portion and a flat plate-like second plate disposed at an end of the first plate-like member so as to be substantially perpendicular to the first plate-like portion. Has a plate-like part,
The bow structure according to claim 1, wherein the first plate-like portion is joined to an inner surface of the outer plate so as to be substantially perpendicular to the outer plate. A plurality of girders extending in the direction from the bow portion toward the stern portion are provided on the lower surface of the inner deck,
The vertical portion of the plurality of girders that is perpendicular to the center line extending along the longitudinal direction of the hull and the rear end of the plurality of girders is included closer to the bow portion than the virtual plane including the rear end of the girder located on the stern portion side. When the outer peripheral length at a position corresponding to the upper deck of the outer plate is A, and the outer peripheral length at a position corresponding to the inner deck of the outer plate included on the bow side of the virtual plane is B The bow structure according to claim 1, wherein A / B ≧ 1.5. The ship which has the bow structure as described in any one of Claims 1-3.

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