JP4722387B2 - Reduced pressure heater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention includes a decompression vessel that is maintained at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure and accommodates a heat transfer fluid, a heating device disposed in the decompression vessel for heating the heat transfer fluid, and an upper portion in the decompression vessel. A heat exchanger disposed in the reduced pressure space, and heated fluid flowing through the heat exchanger is heated by boiling steam generated by heating the heating medium liquid by the heating device. It is related with the pressure-reduction-type heating machine which is.

Such a reduced pressure heater is used as, for example, a reduced pressure water heater that generates hot water for hot water supply or heating, and noise generation at the start of operation has been a major problem.
That is, when the heating medium liquid is heated, boiling steam is generated, and the boiling steam rises in the heating medium liquid. However, since the temperature of the upper part of the heat transfer fluid is low at the start of operation, the heat is rapidly taken away by the low temperature heat transfer fluid, and the boiling steam rapidly condenses and disappears. The impact sound is transmitted to the side wall of the decompression container, which causes unpleasant noise.

  Conventionally, in order to suppress the generation of such noise, a predetermined interval is provided between the side wall and the bottom wall of the decompression container inside the bottom part of the decompression container, and the state is separated and independent from the side wall and the bottom wall. A shielding plate is arranged at the top, and the upper end of the shielding plate is positioned below the surface of the heat transfer fluid, and further, a sound absorbing material such as glass wool is arranged between the side wall or bottom wall of the decompression container and the shielding plate. And what was comprised so that the impact sound generated at the time of an operation | movement start with a shielding board or a sound-absorbing material was proposed (for example, refer patent document 1).

JP-A-8-219402 (FIGS. 1 to 5)

According to the prior art described in this document, since the bottom side of the decompression container has a double structure or the sound absorbing material is disposed in the double structure part, the impact sound generated in the heat transfer liquid, that is, the heat It is possible to absorb the impact sound generated at the lower part or middle part of the liquid medium.
However, the impact sound due to the rapid condensation of boiling steam is mainly generated near the water surface of the heat transfer fluid, and measures against the heat transfer fluid close to the water surface are insufficient. However, there is a problem that a sufficient noise suppression effect cannot always be expected even when a relatively large structure such as a sound absorbing material is provided.

  The present invention pays attention to such conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a decompression type heater that can effectively suppress the generation of noise at the start of operation with a simpler structure. There is to do.

A first characteristic configuration of the present invention includes a decompression vessel that is maintained at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure and accommodates a heat transfer fluid, and a heating device disposed in the decompression vessel for heating the heat transfer fluid. A heat exchanger disposed in a decompression space above the decompression vessel, and a fluid to be heated flowing through the heat exchanger by boiling steam generated by heating the heating medium liquid by the heating device. A vacuum heater configured to heat,
The decompression vessel includes a cylindrical side wall, a bottom wall and an upper wall that close the bottom and top of the side wall, the side wall is disposed along the vertical direction, and the heating device is horizontally A furnace having a circular cross-sectional shape along a direction and disposed at a predetermined interval between a side wall and a bottom wall of the decompression vessel, wherein the water level of the heat transfer liquid is the top surface of the top plate of the furnace It is set so as to be positioned below, and a guide plate for boiling steam guide is provided on the inner side wall of the decompression vessel, located above the top surface of the top plate of the furnace and below the heat exchanger. as the guide plate is configured with a boiling vapor and heat transfer fluid rising through between the furnace and the side wall so as to guide to the furnace side, the guide plate is positioned above the more inward When in a tilted state over the entire periphery of the side wall is extended from the side wall In the filtrate.

According to the first characteristic configuration of the present invention, a guide plate for boiling steam guidance is provided above the top surface of the top plate of the furnace and below the heat exchanger on the inner side wall of the decompression vessel, The guide plate guides the boiling steam and the heat transfer fluid rising through the side wall of the decompression vessel and the furnace for heating the heat transfer fluid to the furnace side, that is, away from the side wall of the decompression vessel. The boiling steam that spouts out to the heat transfer fluid and the heat transfer fluid that spouts together with the boiling steam are guided to the furnace side away from the side wall of the decompression vessel, and the impact sound due to the rapid condensation of the boiling steam is directly transmitted to the side wall of the decompression vessel. Is suppressed.
Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the generation of noise at the start of operation with a simple structure in which the guide plate is simply provided inside the side wall of the decompression vessel.

In addition, according to the first characteristic configuration of the present invention, the water level of the heat transfer liquid accommodated in the decompression vessel is set to be located below the top surface of the top plate of the furnace. With the start of operation of the machine, the entire heat transfer fluid is heated almost uniformly, and in particular, the lowering of the temperature of the upper portion of the heat transfer fluid is suppressed.
That is, by positioning the water level of the heat transfer fluid below the top surface of the furnace top plate, the temperature of the top of the heat transfer fluid is also rapidly increased as the operation starts, but on the other hand, the top plate of the furnace is overheated. There is concern about deterioration. However, as described above, the guide plate guides the heat transfer fluid ejected together with the boiling steam to the furnace side, so that the heat transfer fluid is also applied to the top plate of the furnace to suppress overheating of the top plate. Become.
Therefore, it becomes possible to position the water level of the heat transfer fluid below the upper surface of the top plate of the furnace , thereby suppressing the lowering of the temperature of the upper heat transfer solution and suppressing the rapid condensation of boiling steam itself. The generation of noise at the start of operation is further reliably suppressed.

  According to a second characteristic configuration of the present invention, the heating device includes a furnace having a combustion chamber for a combustion flame, and a plurality of passages through the combustion chamber up and down in the vicinity of the side wall. It is comprised by a flow member, and the said guide plate exists in the place comprised so that the boiling steam and heat-medium liquid which rise through the said flow member may be guided to the said furnace side.

According to the second characteristic configuration of the present invention, the heating device includes a furnace having a combustion chamber for a combustion flame, and a plurality of heat transfer fluids that vertically pass through the combustion chamber near the side wall of the decompression vessel. Therefore, the heat transfer fluid flowing through the flow passage member can be efficiently heated by the combustion flame in the combustion chamber.
The guide plate guides the boiling steam and the heat transfer fluid rising through the flow passage member in the furnace side, that is, in the direction away from the side wall of the decompression vessel. It is reliably suppressed that the impact sound due to the condensation is transmitted to the side wall of the decompression vessel.

  According to a third characteristic configuration of the present invention, the flow member includes a dam member disposed along the side wall, and a plurality of flow tubes disposed between the dam member and the side wall. It is comprised and the said dam member exists in the place comprised so that a combustion flame may be guided to the said flow pipe side.

  According to the third characteristic configuration of the present invention, the flow-through member includes a weir member disposed along the side wall of the decompression vessel, and a plurality of the passage members disposed between the weir member and the side wall. Since it is constituted by the flow pipe, the heat transfer fluid flowing through the dam member and the flow pipe can be efficiently heated by the combustion flame in the combustion chamber, and the dam member is also a combustion flame flow pipe. Since it guides to the side, a weir member and many flow pipes are heated more efficiently, and the thermal efficiency of decompression type heater itself improves.

  An embodiment of a reduced pressure heater according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the reduced-pressure heater according to the first embodiment includes a can body 1 as a decompression container maintained at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure, for example, a state close to vacuum, and the inside of the can body 1. Is provided with a heating device 2 disposed below and a heat exchanger 3 disposed above in the can 1.
The can body 1 is composed of a cylindrical side wall 1a, a bottom wall 1b that closes the bottom and top of the side wall 1a, and an upper wall 1c. In the can body 1, heat transfer water W1 as a heat transfer liquid is contained. The heat exchanger 3 is accommodated in the decompression space above the heat transfer water W1, and the water W2 as the fluid to be heated flows through the heat exchanger 3.

The heating device 2 includes a furnace 5 having a combustion chamber 4 for a combustion flame inside, and a flow member 6 that vertically penetrates the combustion chamber 4 of the furnace 5, and the flow member 6 is a hollow weir. A member 7 and a large number of flow pipes 8 are formed.
The furnace 5 has a circular cross-sectional shape and is disposed so as to have a predetermined interval between the side wall 1a and the bottom wall 1b of the can 1. A burner 10 having a fan 9 is provided at the inlet 5b of the furnace 5. Is attached, and the flame from the burner 10 is jetted into the combustion chamber 4 and discharged from the outlet 5c of the furnace 5 to the outside of the can body 1, and the water level of the heat transfer water W1 The upper surface of the top plate, that is, in this embodiment, is set to be positioned below the upper surface of the top plate 5a of the furnace 5.

The weir member 7 constituting the flow member 6 has a substantially semicircular shape in plan view, and is disposed along the side wall 1a of the can 1 on the outlet 5c side of the furnace 5, and a large number of flow tubes 8 are provided. The heating medium water W <b> 1 is arranged between the dam member 7 and the side wall 1 a at substantially equal intervals so that the heat medium water W <b> 1 flows through the dam member 7 and the flow pipe 8.
And inside the side wall 1a of the can 1, the guide plate 11 as a guide member for boiling steam guidance is located slightly above the top plate 5a of the furnace 5, and is located above the inner side. Inclined state, the guide plate 11 is provided over the entire circumference of the side wall 1a, and as will be described in detail later, the boiling steam V rising through the weir member 7 and the flow pipe 8, and the furnace 5 and the side wall It is configured to guide the boiling steam V rising through 1 a to the furnace 5 side of the heating device 2.

Next, the operation of the reduced pressure heater will be described.
The operation of the decompression type heater is started by the combustion of the burner 10, and when the flame from the burner 10 is ejected into the combustion chamber 4, the heat transfer water W1 in the weir member 7 and the flow pipe 8 and The heat transfer water W1 outside the furnace 5 is heated to generate boiling steam V.
The boiling steam V rises in the heat transfer medium water W1 and reaches the upper part of the heat transfer medium water W1. The low temperature heat transfer medium water W1 loses heat and rapidly condenses and disappears. , And the impact sound is transmitted to the side wall 1a of the can body 1 and becomes noise.

However, since the guide plate 11 is provided inside the side wall 1a of the can 1, as shown in FIG. 4, the heat transfer water W <b> 1 ejected upward together with the boiling steam V and the boiling steam V is guided. The guide action of the plate 11 guides the heating device 2 to the furnace 5 side, more specifically, the top plate 5 a of the furnace 5, and avoids the impact sound being directly transmitted to the side wall 1 a of the can body 1. Is done.
During operation, the boiling steam V comes into contact with the heat exchanger 3, the water W2 flowing in the heat exchanger 3 is heated to warm water, and the boiling steam V deprived of heat becomes condensed water. It returns to the heat transfer water W1.

The reduced pressure heater according to the second embodiment has a structure as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, and similarly to the reduced pressure heater according to the first embodiment, a can body 1 as a reduced pressure container and a lower portion in the can body 1. And a heat exchanger 3 disposed above the inside of the can 1.
However, the can body 1 of the second embodiment has a structure in which the can body 1 of the first embodiment is turned sideways, and includes a cylindrical side wall 1a and closed walls 1b and 1c that close both ends of the side wall 1a. Thus, the heat medium water W1 as the heat medium liquid is accommodated, and the heat exchanger 3 is disposed in the upper decompression space.

The heating device 2 includes a furnace 5 having a circular cross section having a combustion chamber 4 for a combustion flame inside, and a plurality of flame tubes 13 communicated with the combustion chamber 4 via a distributor 12. 5 and the flame tube 13 are arranged horizontally so as to be parallel to each other.
That is, the furnace 5 is disposed sideways, and a large number of flame tubes 13 are disposed between the furnace 5 and the side wall 1a of the can 1, and the water level of the heat transfer water W1 is determined by the heating device 2. The upper surface of the top plate, that is, in this embodiment, is set so as to be positioned below the top surface of the top plate portion 5a of the furnace 5 and the top plate 12a of the distributor 12.

  In the decompression type heater of the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the guide plate 11 as a guide member is provided on the inner side of the side wall 1a of the can body 1 and the top plate portion 5a of the furnace 5 and the distribution. The guide plate 11 is provided over the entire circumference of the side wall 1a and the closing walls 1b and 1c in a state of being inclined slightly upward from the top plate 12a. The boiling steam V rising between the side wall 1a and the flame tube 13 and the boiling steam V rising between the furnace 5 and the distributor 12 and the side wall 1a are supplied to the furnace 5 side of the heating device 2 and the distributor. It is comprised so that it may guide to 12 side.

In addition, in the decompression type heater of the second embodiment, the state is located immediately below the surface of the heat transfer water W1, and is located above the multiple flame tubes 13 and between the furnace 5 and the side wall 1a. Then, the auxiliary guide plate 14 is disposed horizontally, and the boiling steam V rising between the flame tubes 13, between the flame tubes 13 and the furnace 5, and further between the furnace 5 and the side wall 1 a is supplied to the furnace 5. It is comprised so that it may guide to the side.
Although not shown in the figure, also in the decompression type heater of the second embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, a burner equipped with a fan is attached to the inlet of the furnace 5, and the flame from the burner is transferred into the combustion chamber 4. And is discharged to the outside of the can body 1 through the flame tube 13.

In the reduced pressure heater of the second embodiment, when the flame from the burner is ejected into the combustion chamber 4, the heat transfer water near the outside of the furnace 5, the distributor 12, and the multiple flame tubes 13. W1 is heated and boiling steam V is generated and rises.
However, since the guide plate 11 is provided inside the side wall 1a and the closing walls 1b and 1c of the can body 1 and the auxiliary guide plate 14 is provided above the flame tube 13 or the like, as shown in FIG. The heating medium water W1 spouted upward together with the boiling steam V and the boiling steam V is guided to the furnace 5 side of the heating device 2 by the guide action of the guide plate 11 and the auxiliary guide plate 14, and an impact called “barbari”. It is avoided that sound is transmitted directly to the side wall 1a of the can 1.
During operation, the boiling steam V comes into contact with the heat exchanger 3, the water W2 flowing in the heat exchanger 3 is heated to warm water, and the boiling steam V deprived of heat becomes condensed water. It returns to the heat transfer water W1.

  As described above, the first embodiment and the second embodiment have been described. However, the following various modifications can be made in these embodiments.

(1) In Example 1, the example which showed the heating apparatus 2 with the furnace 5 which has the combustion chamber 4, and the flow-through member 6 which penetrates the combustion chamber 4 up and down is shown, and in Example 2, the combustion chamber 4 is shown. Although the example which comprised the heating apparatus 2 by the furnace 5 which has and the many flame tubes 13 connected to the combustion chamber 4 was shown, the specific structure of a heating apparatus is especially these Example 1 and Example. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the one shown in FIG.

(2) Further, as an example of the reduced pressure heater, a reduced pressure hot water machine, that is, an example in which water W2 is used as a fluid to be heated flowing through the heat exchanger 3 to generate hot water is shown. The present invention can also be applied to various vacuum heaters other than the hot water machine.

Longitudinal sectional view of a vacuum heater according to Example 1 Cross-sectional view of reduced pressure heater according to Example 1 Partially cutaway perspective view of the main part of the reduced pressure heater according to Embodiment 1 Explanatory drawing which shows the effect | action of the pressure-reduction-type heater by Example 1. Longitudinal sectional view of a vacuum heater according to Example 2 Explanatory drawing which shows the effect | action of the pressure-reduction-type heater by Example 2. Partially cutaway perspective view of a vacuum heater according to Example 2

1 Decompression vessel 1a Side wall of depressurization vessel
1b Bottom wall of vacuum vessel
1c Top wall 2 of decompression vessel 2 Heating device 3 Heat exchanger 4 Combustion chamber 5 Furnace 5a Top plate of heating device 6 Flow member 7 Weir member 8 Flow tube 11 Guide plate 12a Top plate of heating device 13 Flame tube 14 Auxiliary guide Plate V Boiling steam W1 Heat transfer fluid W2 Heated fluid

Claims (3)

A decompression container that is maintained at a pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure and accommodates the heating medium liquid, a heating device disposed in the decompression container for heating the heating medium liquid, and a decompression space above the decompression container A pressure exchanger configured to heat a fluid to be heated flowing in the heat exchanger by boiling steam generated by heating of the heat transfer liquid by the heating device. A heating machine,
The decompression vessel includes a cylindrical side wall, a bottom wall and an upper wall closing the bottom and top of the side wall, and the side wall is disposed along the vertical direction.
The heating device includes a furnace having a circular cross-sectional shape along a horizontal direction and disposed to have a predetermined interval between a side wall and a bottom wall of the decompression vessel,
The water level of the heat transfer fluid is set so as to be located below the top surface of the top plate of the furnace , and a guide plate for boiling steam guide is provided above the top surface of the top surface of the furnace , inside the side wall of the decompression vessel, and , provided positioned below the heat exchanger, the guide plate is configured with a boiling vapor and heat transfer fluid rising through between the furnace and the side wall so as to guide to the furnace side ,
A reduced-pressure heater in which the guide plate extends from the side wall over the entire circumference of the side wall in an inclined state so as to be positioned upward as it goes inward .   The heating device includes a furnace having a combustion chamber for a combustion flame, and a plurality of flow members that vertically pass through the combustion chamber and flow the heat transfer fluid near the side wall, and the guide plate The decompression type heater according to claim 1, wherein the boiling steam and the heat transfer fluid rising through the flow member are guided to the furnace side.   The flow member includes a dam member disposed along the side wall, and a plurality of flow tubes disposed between the dam member and the side wall, and the dam member is a combustion flame. The reduced pressure heater according to claim 2, configured to guide the air to the flow pipe side.

Images