JP4725834B2 - Bottom irrigation mat for planting soil layer and planting method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a bottom irrigation mat for planting soil layers and a planting method .

As a planting mat, a mixture of low melting point fibers and high melting point fibers, fused low melting point fibers to high melting point fibers, and joined between high melting point fibers via low melting point fibers is known. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
JP 2001-258387 A (Patent No. 3393205)

  This planting mat heats a fiber web in which low-melting fibers having a melting point lower than that of the fibers are mixed with fiber waste (high-melting fibers) obtained by pulverizing the cutting waste of the fabric discharged from the garment factory, The binder fiber is melted, and the high melting point fiber is joined through the melt. The high melting point fiber is obtained by pulverizing cloth tears (cutting scraps), and the fiber length is shredded and shredded during the pulverization process, and is generally 20 mm or less. There are countless fine powders of extremely short fibers. In order to join the countless fine powdery high melting point fibers and maintain the form as a mat, too many binder fibers are required according to the number of the countless fine powdery high melting point fibers. However, bulky mats cannot be obtained with fine powdered fibers, and the bulk ratio of the high melting point fibers in the mats is relatively low relative to the amount of binder fibers applied. Even if it has excellent water retention, it lacks the breathability required to replenish the rhizomes with oxygen. And in the planting mat consisting of fine fiber powder, it is easy to be compacted by being crushed in a humidified state. Growth is hindered, anaerobic bacteria are generated, and water rot and root rot are likely to occur. In such a planting mat with low air permeability and high water retention, even if planted on the soil stacked on it, moisture is retained on the planting mat and hardly transferred to the soil layer. It lacks the bottom irrigation function to replenish water.

Therefore, the present invention provides a bottom irrigation mat for planting soil layer that has moderately breathability and moisture retention necessary for plant growth and is suitable for planting by laminating soil as a bottom irrigation means. Objective. Another object of the present invention is to obtain a bottom irrigation mat for a planting soil layer that is not crushed by the layered soil layer when the soil is stacked and planted. Another object of the present invention is to plant with excellent cushioning properties (elastic thickness recovery force) that is not crushed when stepping on it, such as planting lawn and stepping on it. It is to obtain a bottom watering mat for planting soil layers .

The bottom irrigation mat for planting soil layers according to the present invention is a mixture of the low melting point fiber 11 and the high melting point fiber 12, the low melting point fiber is fused to the high melting point fiber, and the high melting point fiber is interposed between the low melting point fibers. In the bottom irrigation mat 13 for planting soil layer formed by joining, the high melting point fiber 12 is a crimped thermoplastic crimped synthetic fiber, and the high melting point fiber 12 has a fineness of 1 to 30 dtex and a high melting point. fiber length 12 is at 30mm or more, the high melting point fibers 12 occupy 60 to 95% by weight of bottom watering mat planting soil layer, with a bulk density of 0.01g / cm ³ ~0.05g / cm ³ Ah is, the low melting point fibers 11, a high melting point polymer as a core component, the low-melting polymer is a core-sheath composite fibers of the fiber length of the sheath component is more than 30 mm, the melting temperature difference between the high melting point polymer and the low melting polymer 5 ℃ or higher, low melting point polymer melts And it is joined between the high melting fibers, elastic fibers 14 constituted by an elastic polymer having rubber elasticity is characterized that you have mixed.

Planting栽法according to the present invention, the planting soil layer for bottom watering mats 13 laying in the water tank 15, by stacking Ingredient soil on side of the planting soil layer for bottom watering mats 13 Planting This is a first feature.

A second aspect of planting栽法according to the present invention, in addition to the first feature, the surrounding soil layer is a laminate of the soil components surrounding breathable fabric 17, vented side of the soil layer It is in the point comprised by the property cloth 17.

A third aspect of the planting栽法according to the present invention, in addition to the first and second one of the features, breathable on the pile layer 18 facing upward planting soil layer for bottom watering mats 13 The pile fabric 19 is laminated, and the soil component is laminated on the pile fabric 19 .

The fourth feature of the planting method according to the present invention is that, in addition to the first feature, the breathable fabric 17 is sewn in a cylindrical shape, and the pile layer 18 is directed upward at the periphery of the bottom surface forming the cylindrical shape. A planter 24 formed by stitching a breathable pile fabric 19 is placed on the bottom irrigation mat 13 for planting soil layer, and the pile fabric 19 in the planter 24 sewn in a cylindrical shape is placed on the pile fabric 19. The soil component is laminated and planted .

A fifth feature of the planting method according to the present invention is that, in addition to any of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth features, the periphery of the waterproof sheet 26 is raised to form a flat housing. It is in the point which comprises the water tank 15 in a shape .

Since the specific surface area relative to the mass of the fiber increases as the fineness becomes finer, the water retention of the bottom irrigation mat for planting soil layer increases as the fineness of the high melting point fiber 12 becomes finer, and the air permeability becomes water retentive. Decreases relative. In the bottom irrigation mat 13 for planting soil layer of the present invention (invention 1), the fineness of the high melting point fiber 12 as the main material is 1 to 30 dtex, and the bulk density is 0.01 to 0.05 g / cm ³ . Therefore, it has adequate air permeability and water retention necessary for plant growth. And the fiber length of the high melting point fiber 12 is 30 mm or more, and the entanglement density (density of the entanglement point 20) between the high melting point fibers is higher than that of the conventional product (Patent Document 1). Therefore, when the external force acts and the bottom irrigation mat 13 for planting soil layer is distorted, the crimped shape of the high melting point fiber 12 is elastically deformed, and the external force is applied to the high melting point fiber 12. Absorbed and the external force does not act directly on the entanglement point 20 between the fibers. Therefore, even if an external force is applied and the bottom irrigation mat 13 for planting soil layer is distorted, fibers are not separated at the entanglement point 20, and the bottom irrigation mat 13 for planting soil layer is permanently applied by the external force. There is no distortion. For this reason, according to this invention (Claim 1), the bottom irrigation mat for planting soil layers is obtained which is excellent in compressive elasticity recovery force and is not crushed by the soil 16 to be laminated and is effective for bottom irrigation .

The low-melting core-sheath composite fiber 11 touches and melts innumerable high-melting-point fibers 12 inside the bottom irrigation mat for planting soil layer, and the core component of the high-melting-point polymer is shaped as a fiber without melting and breaking. It is a medium to connect between the myriad high melting point fibers, and is interposed inside the bottom irrigation mat for planting soil layer, and the amount of use can be reduced. Bulk density is not affected. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is economical to obtain a bottom irrigation mat for planting soil layers that is bulky and has good air permeability, allows water to easily migrate to the soil layer 16 laminated thereon, and is effective for bottom irrigation. I can do it.

According to the present invention , the high melting point fibers 12 and 12 are elastically connected via the low melting point fibers 11 and the elastic fibers 14, and the external force acts to crimp the high melting point fibers 12. However, since the space between the fiber entanglement point 20 and the entanglement point 20 is elastically maintained by the elastic fiber 14, it is not crushed even if it is stepped on it, and cushioning properties (elastic thickness recovery force) The bottom irrigation mat for a planting soil layer is obtained which is excellent as a bottom surface irrigation means which is excellent in foot comfort and has a pressing load and is effective as a rooftop greening substitute soil.

In this way, the bottom irrigation mat 13 for planting soil layer of the present invention is not easily deformed by a pressing load, has an excellent compressive elasticity recovery force, and has adequate air permeability and water retention necessary for plant growth. When the soil component 16 is laminated on the bottom irrigation mat 13 for planting soil layer and planted, the water 21 in the aquarium becomes moisture and easily migrates to the soil layer 16. Growth is encouraged.

According to the present invention (Claim 3) , the soil layer 16 is replenished with moisture (21) from the bottom irrigation mat 13 for planting soil layer and with oxygen from its side surface (17) to grow the plant. Is prompted.

According to the present invention (Claim 4), soil soil layer 16 is hampered in pile fabric 19 does not enter the planting soil layer for bottom watering mats interior 13, thus, is planting soil layer for bottom watering mats 13 eyes Without causing the clogging and losing the bottom irrigation function, the moisture (21) of the bottom irrigation mat 13 for planting soil layer is easily transferred to the soil layer 16 through the pile fiber (18), and planted by the pile fabric 19 The bottom irrigation function of the bottom irrigation mat 13 for planting soil layer is maintained over a long period of time.

According to the present invention (Claim 5) , the bottom irrigation mat 13 for planting soil layer is laid in a flat casing water tank 15 constructed by raising the periphery of the waterproof sheet 26 and tailored as a greening panel 25. Therefore, it is possible to perform the greening work simply by laying the greening panel 25 on the rooftop, veranda, road surface or the like without performing the water tank construction work, and the practical value of the bottom irrigation mat 13 for the planting soil layer is increased.

According to the present invention (Claim 6) , the planter 24 is formed by sewing the breathable fabric 17 into a tubular shape and stitching the pile fabric 19 with the pile layer 18 facing upward at the periphery of the bottom surface of the tubular shape. When planting on the planting mat 13, the trouble of laying the pile fabric 19 on the bottom irrigation mat 13 for the planting soil layer can be saved, and the plant 22 can be moved at any time to replant the plant 22. Becomes easier.

When the fineness of the high melting point fiber 12 is less than 1 dtex, even if the bottom irrigation mat for the planting soil layer can be made bulky, the water retention is excessively increased, the bottom irrigation function is lowered, and the compression elastic recovery force is reduced. It falls and becomes easy to be crushed. On the other hand, when the fineness of the high melting point fiber 12 exceeds 30 dtex, it becomes difficult to crimp, the air permeability of the bottom irrigation mat for the planting soil layer is excessively increased, and the moisture retention is reduced. The moisture of the bottom irrigation mat for planting soil layer is not easily transmitted to the soil layer 16, and the bottom irrigation function is lowered. And when the fiber length of the high melting point fiber 12 is less than 30 mm, the mixed use rate of the low melting point fiber 11 as the binder increases, and the bottom irrigation mat for planting soil layer becomes costly, and the bottom irrigation for planting soil layer It becomes difficult to make the mat bulky, and there is little entanglement between the high melting point fibers, the high melting point fibers move by receiving external force, and the bottom irrigation mat for planting soil layer is easy to stick and easily clog. The cushioning property is lowered and the feeling of stepping becomes worse, and the utility as a rooftop greening substitute soil and the bottom irrigation function are lowered. In consideration of these points, the bottom irrigation mat for planting soil layer is provided with a bottom irrigation function and moderate air permeability and water retention for the growth of the plant 22, as well as a comfortable treading and cushioning property as a rooftop greening substitute soil. For this purpose, the fineness of the high melting point fiber 12 is 5 to 20 dtex, the fiber length is 60 mm or more, and the bulk density of the bottom irrigation mat for planting soil layer is 0.02 to 0.04 g / cm ³ .

As the pile fabric 19 laminated on the bottom irrigation mat 13 for planting soil layer, a tufted pile fabric (living machine) is used in which a breathable nonwoven fabric is used as the base fabric 23 and the pile is planted in a tufting system. Good. Such a pile fabric may be used also for the breathable fabric 17 constituting the side surface of the soil layer 16. In that case, the pile layer (18) is used facing outward. In that case, since the outer surface of the breathable fabric is covered with a pile, it is difficult for dirt (mud) to adhere to it, and the pile layer covering the outer surface makes a heat insulating action and the soil layer is kept at a constant temperature. An environment suitable for plant growth is formed. The breathability of the breathable fabric 17 and the pile fabric 19 is such that water adhering to one side (front surface) of these fabrics permeates to the other side (back surface) of the fabric and oozes out. Good. The breathable fabric 17 constituting the side surface of the soil layer 16 is sewn into a cylindrical shape, and the pile fabric 19 is stitched to the periphery of the bottom surface of the cylindrical shape with the pile layer 18 facing upward, and is prepared as a planter 24. Since it can move at any time, it is easy to replant the planted plant 22.

The bottom irrigation mat 13 for planting soil layer laid in the aquarium 15 is bonded and integrated with the aquarium 15, and can be laid and constructed as a greening panel 25 on the rooftop, veranda, road surface, etc. The construction of the bottom irrigation mat for the planting soil layer saves the trouble of constructing the aquarium 15, and the utility of the bottom irrigation mat 13 for the planting soil layer is enhanced. It can be used simply as a waterproof material, a cushioning material, a reinforcing material, and the like. When the water tank 15 is configured by the waterproof sheet 26, the bottom irrigation mat 13 for planting soil layer is placed on the waterproof sheet 26, the periphery of the waterproof sheet 26 is raised to form a weir, and the four corners are folded to prevent water leakage. It may be configured in a flat casing. Further, preferably, a pile fabric 19 is placed on a water tank 15 configured in a housing shape, a flat housing bag-like cover is sewn by sewing the periphery, and a bottom irrigation mat for a planting soil layer is formed on the housing bag-like cover. When the greening panel 25 is configured by loading 13, it is convenient because greening work such as a rooftop, a veranda, and a road surface can be efficiently performed.

The high melting point fiber is not hygroscopic so that the water retention of the bottom irrigation mat for the planting soil layer is increased and the bottom irrigation function from the planting mat to the soil layer is not reduced. Hydrophobic synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers and polypropylene fibers may be used. The low-melting core-sheath composite fiber 11 has a polyester copolymer obtained by copolymerizing terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid as an acid component and a diol component such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or diethylene glycol as a sheath component polymer, and includes polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene. A core-sheath composite fiber having terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyether-based polyester or the like as a core component polymer is used. The elastic fiber 14 may be a core-sheath composite elastic fiber having polyether-based polyester as a core component polymer. Therefore, the core-sheath composite elastic fiber in which the sheath component is composed of the fusible polymer can be applied to the bottom irrigation mat for planting soil layer as a low melting point fiber or a high melting point fiber.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is sectional drawing in the use condition of the bottom surface irrigation mat for planting soil layers which concerns on this invention, The part is enclosed and encircled and shown. It is a partially cutaway perspective view of the planter which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view of the greening panel which concerns on this invention.

11: Low melting point fiber 12: High melting point fiber 13: Bottom irrigation mat 14 for planting soil layer 14: Elastic fiber 15: Water tank 16: Soil (layer)
17: Breathable fabric 18: Pile 19: Breathable pile fabric 20: Entanglement point 21: Water 22: Plant 23: Base fabric 24: Planter 25: Greening panel 26: Waterproof sheet

Claims (6)

A planting soil layer formed by mixing low melting point fibers (11) and high melting point fibers (12), fusing the low melting point fibers to the high melting point fibers, and joining the high melting point fibers through the low melting point fibers. In the bottom irrigation mat (13) for use, the high melting point fiber (12) is a crimped thermoplastic crimped synthetic fiber, the fineness of the high melting point fiber (12) is 1 to 30 dtex, and the high melting point fiber (12) in the fiber length is at 30mm or more, the high melting point fibers (12) accounts for 60 to 95% by weight of bottom watering mat planting soil layer, a bulk density of 0.01g / cm ³ ~0.05g / cm ³ The low melting point fiber (11) is a core-sheath composite fiber having a fiber length of 30 mm or more with the high melting point polymer as the core component and the low melting point polymer as the sheath component, and the melting temperature difference between the high melting point polymer and the low melting point polymer Is 5 ° C or higher, and the low melting point polymer is fused and melted. And joining between the fibers, the bottom surface watering mat planting soil layer, characterized in that configured elastic fibers (14) are mixed by an elastic polymer having rubber elasticity. 請 Motomeko bottom watering mats planting soil layer according to 1 (13) laying in the water tank (15), by laminating Ingredient soil above side of bottom watering mats for the planting soil layer (13) Planting method to plant. Wherein the surrounding soil layer is a laminate of soil components surrounded by a breathable fabric (17), planting栽法according to aspects of the soil layer to 請 Motomeko 2 that make up breathable fabric (17). Pile layer (18) laminating a pile fabric (19) with a breathable over a manner planting soil layer for bottom watering mats upward (13) and laminating the soil components on the pile fabric (19) planting栽法according to 請 Motomeko 2 and either 3 you. A planter (24) formed by sewing the breathable fabric (17) into a cylindrical shape, and stitching the breathable pile fabric (19) with the pile layer (18) facing upward at the periphery of the bottom of the cylindrical shape. Planting by laminating the soil component on the pile fabric (19) in the planter (24) sewn in the cylindrical shape, placed on the bottom irrigation mat (13) for planting soil layer planted栽法according to 請 Motomeko 2 you. Planting栽法according to 請 Motomeko 2, 3, 4 and either 5 that make up the aquarium (15) to the flat plate a housing shaped launched around the tarpaulin (26).

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