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JP4728528B2 - Thermosetting device and thermosetting method for porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet - Google Patents
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JP4728528B2 - Thermosetting device and thermosetting method for porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet - Google Patents

Thermosetting device and thermosetting method for porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4728528B2
JP4728528B2 JP2001245989A JP2001245989A JP4728528B2 JP 4728528 B2 JP4728528 B2 JP 4728528B2 JP 2001245989 A JP2001245989 A JP 2001245989A JP 2001245989 A JP2001245989 A JP 2001245989A JP 4728528 B2 JP4728528 B2 JP 4728528B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
porous carbon
molded product
precursor sheet
based molded
product precursor
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JP2003053759A (en
Inventor
浩成 稲田
俊彦 西田
和彦 小田
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、例えば、炭素短繊維を抄造したシート状物に硬化性樹脂を含浸、硬化させて得られるシート状物を更に炭素化して得られるシート状物などの特に燃料電池電極基材として好適な多孔質炭素系シート状物を製造する際に使用する、前記硬化性樹脂を含浸した段階のシート状物である多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の熱硬化装置および熱硬化方法に関し、熱硬化においてシートの長さおよび幅方向の厚み変動を抑制し、均一性に優れた多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を得ることを可能とするものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、燃料電池を取り巻く環境は著しく進歩している。この燃料電池用の電極は、炭素繊維の短繊維を抄造して得られたシート状物を一旦乾燥した後、熱硬化性樹脂を含浸させ、硬化してから焼成することにより製造する方法が主流である。
【0003】
燃料電池は、電解質の種類によって、アルカリ型、固体高分子型、リン酸型、溶融炭酸塩型、固体炭化物型などに分類されるが、この中でも固体高分子型燃料電池用の多孔質電極は、その電流密度が高く、軽量、コンパクトであることから特に自動車用途に適しているといわれている。固体高分子型燃料電池用の多孔質電極は電流密度が高いため、水素、酸素の供給量や、反応により生成した水の除去量が多くなる。また、作動温度が100℃前後と低いため、水によりガス供給路が塞がり、ガス供給路が狭くなりやすい。そのため、固体高分子型燃料電池用の多孔質電極は、他の電極と比較して、ガスの拡散、透過性やハンドリングに耐えるための強度及び柔軟性、更に電極製造時や電極を組んだ時の圧縮に耐え得る強度などが必要とされる。
【0004】
また、電流密度が高いことから、固体高分子型燃料電池の小型化に対する要望が強く、その実現には多孔質電極の薄型化が必要となる。固体高分子型燃料電池の電極厚みは現時点では自動車用で0.2mm、据え置き用で0.3mm程度のものがあるが、将来的には更なる薄型化と共に、厚みの均一性に対する要求が高まるものと考えられる。
【0005】
固体高分子型燃料電池用の電極材料として、特開平9−157052号公報に多孔質炭素板が開示されている。同公報に開示されている多孔質炭素板は、固体高分子型燃料電池に適用させるため、特に、厚さ方向の気体透過性を高めている。かかる多孔質炭素板は、炭素短繊維を抄造して得られた炭素短繊維が実質的に二次元平面内おいてランダムな方向に分散したシートに、レゾール型及びノボラック型のフェノール樹脂を所定の混合割合で配合した樹脂を所要量含浸させ、そのシートを加熱して前記樹脂を炭素化して得られる。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、上述した公報に開示されている多孔質炭素系シート状物を含む燃料電池の電極材料は、炭素繊維からなるシート状物に樹脂を含浸、硬化させ、更に炭素化して得られるものであり、通常、可撓性に乏しく脆性の高いものである。そのため、一般的には樹脂を硬化させる前のシート状物を15cm×15cm程度に切断したのち、樹脂を硬化させてから炭素化がなされる。
【0007】
しかしながら、電池の生産性を向上させるためには、前記電極材料である多孔質炭素系シート状物を長尺品として燃料電池製造工程へと供給し、同電池製造工程での連続性を確保することが重要である。
【0008】
このために、多孔質炭素系シート状物の熱硬化および炭化前のシート状物である多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物が連続的に製造できれば、前記多孔質炭素系シート状物の生産性向上はもちろん、続く燃料電池製造工程における連続性が保たれ、大幅に生産性を向上することができる。
【0009】
しかし、従来の電極材料である多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の製造工程ではそもそも、例えば硬化処理ではホットプレス装置等を用いた回分式が主流であるため、長尺な電極材料を製造する試みはなされておらず、上述した公報にあっても、長尺な電極基材を連続して製造することについて何ら考慮がなされていない。
【0010】
本発明の課題は、熱硬化性樹脂が含浸した多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を熱硬化する工程において、多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚みの均一性を確保しつつ連続的に熱硬化することを可能とすることにある。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、本発明の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の熱硬化装置は、熱硬化性樹脂が含浸した燃料電池電極基材用の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を熱硬化する装置において、
前記多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を連続的に加熱しつつ押圧する回転ロールと、
前記多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚みを連続的に均一化制御するための、該押圧の圧力を連続的に調節する圧力調節手段と
を備えることを特徴とする。
そしてこの装置は、
前記回転ロールで押圧した後の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚みをオンラインで測定する厚み測定装置と、
この厚み測定装置の測定結果に応じて前記圧力調節手段を制御するフィードバック機構と
を備えるか、あるいは、
前記回転ロールで押圧する前の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚みをオンラインで測定する厚み測定装置と、
この厚み測定装置の測定結果に応じて前記圧力調節手段を制御するフィードフォワード機構と
を備える。
この装置は、フィードフォワード機構およびフィードフォワード機構用の厚み測定装置に加えて、前述のフィードバック機構およびフィードバック機構用の厚み測定装置を備えることもできる。
【0012】
なお、本発明の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物とは、炭素短繊維を含む短繊維を抄造したシート状物、炭素繊維を含む編織物や不織布、或いは炭素繊維を一方向又は多方向に引き揃えたシート状物などに、熱硬化樹脂を含浸させたものである。前記熱硬化樹脂は常温において粘着性、或いは流動性を示すものが好ましい。
【0013】
また、前記多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を熱硬化後に焼成して得られる多孔質炭素系シート状物は燃料電池電極基材用いられる。
【0014】
前記多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の搬送を容易とするために、前記多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物と上部回転ロール又は下部回転ロール或いは上下回転ロールとの間にエンドレス状の回転ベルトを配する構造としても良い。
【0015】
前記熱硬化樹脂の硬化手段としての加熱方法は、加熱ロールなどの伝熱加熱であっても、或いは加熱領域を設けた対流加熱や、遠赤外線などの放射加熱であっても良いが、熱ロス低減の観点から加熱ロールなどの伝熱加熱であることが好ましい。なお、加熱温度は適宜、設定できるが、300℃以下が好ましい。
【0016】
本発明の圧力調節手段は、連続的に圧力調整可能な圧力調整弁を備えた油圧シリンダ式の圧力調節器を用いることが好ましい。なお、前記連続的とは、例えば1秒に1回というような断続的な場合も含む。なお、プレス圧は適宜、設定できるが、5MPa以上、20MPa未満とすることが好ましい。
【0017】
上記本発明の装置において、前記回転ロールで押圧した後の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚みを測定する厚み測定装置と、この厚み測定装置の測定結果に応じて前記圧力調節手段を制御するフィードバック機構を備えていることが好ましい。
【0018】
前記厚み測定装置としては、接触式或いは非接触式の測定器を用いることができるが、前記多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物へのダメージを軽減する上では、非接触式の測定器が好ましい。また、非接触式の測定方式としては、レーザ式、渦電流式、超音波式などがあるが、本発明においてはレーザ式が好適である。
【0019】
前記フィードバック機構は、回転ロールで押圧した後の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚みを前記厚み測定器によりオンラインで測定し、検出された信号は、厚み変動制御装置に送信され、厚みを均一化するような圧力を圧力調節器に送信する構成とすればよい。
【0020】
また、前記回転ロールで押圧する前の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚みを測定する厚み測定装置と、この厚み測定装置の測定結果に応じて前記圧力調節手段を制御するフィードフォワード機構を備えていることも好ましい。
【0021】
前記フィードフォワード機構は、回転ロールで押圧する前の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚みを前記厚み測定器によりオンラインで測定し、検出された信号は、厚み変動制御装置に送信され、厚みを均一化するような圧力を圧力調節器に送信する構成とすればよい。
【0022】
なお、前記フィードバック機構と前記フィードフォワード機構を組み合わせた装置構成としても良い。
【0023】
また本発明は、上記本発明の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の熱硬化装置を用いて多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を熱硬化する多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の熱硬化方法である。
【0024】
本発明の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の熱硬化方法によって、熱硬化後の多多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の長さ及び幅方向における設定厚みに対する厚みの変動率を±5%以内とすることができる。
【0025】
前記多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物は、炭素繊維及び有機高分子系バインダーを含んでなることが好ましい。
【0026】
前記有機高分子系バインダーとしては、ポリビニルアルコール或いはアクリロニトリル系ポリマーのパルプ状物または短繊維であることが好ましい。
【0027】
また、前記有機高分子系バインダーは、炭素化が可能な熱硬化性樹脂であることが好ましい。前記熱硬化性樹脂としては、フェノール樹脂、フラン樹脂などが好適に使用される。かかる炭素化が可能な熱硬化性樹脂を採用することで、多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を熱硬化し、焼成して得られる多孔質炭素系シート状物を燃料電池の電極基材として使用した場合に導電性が高まる。
【0028】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の好適な実施の形態について、図面を参照して具体的に説明する。図1及び図2は、本発明の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の熱硬化装置の一実施形態を示したもので、図1は熱硬化装置の概略構成図、図2はシート巻取り装置側から見た装置構成の説明図である。図2において図1と同じ構成要素には同一の符号を付してその説明を省略する。
【0029】
本実施形態においては、多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物として、炭素短繊維と有機高分子系バインダーであるPVA短繊維を含む分散液を、例えば長網抄紙機を用いて長尺なシート状物に抄造した後、同シート状物を一旦乾燥させ、その後、熱硬化樹脂を含浸、乾燥させて得られたシート状物を例に説明する。
【0030】
また、本実施形態では、フィードバック機構を例に説明する。
【0031】
本実施形態の熱硬化装置は、図1に示すように、シート送り出し装置1から供給された多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物9が回転ロール2及び3へ供給され、シート巻取り装置4により巻き取られる。
【0032】
回転ロール2及び3を通過した多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚みは、CCDレーザ式厚み測定装置5によってオンラインで測定され、検出された信号は、厚み変動制御装置7に送信される。
【0033】
厚み変動制御装置7は、検出された厚みが予め設定された基準値よりも大きい場合には、圧力制御信号線6を経て、回転ロールに設けられた油圧シリンダ式の圧力調節器8を制御し、油圧シリンダの押し圧力を増加させるように構成されている。
【0034】
一方、検出された厚みが基準値よりも小さい場合には、同様に圧力制御信号線6を経て、回転ロールに設けられた圧力調節器8を制御し、油圧シリンダの押し圧力を低下させるように構成されている。このようにして、基準の厚みに近づけることができる。
【0035】
なお、本発明の厚み変動制御装置は制御回路として電子部品として構成しても良いが、パーソナルコンピュータなどを用いてソフトウエアとしてシステムを構成すれば、制御パラメータなどの変更が容易で応用性に優れたものとなる。
【0036】
本実施形態では、図2に示すように、3つの厚み測定器5a〜5cを設け、また回転ロールのシャフト部に2箇所、ローラー部に1箇所の合計3ヶ所に圧力調節器8a〜8cを設けた例を示したが、厚み測定器および圧力調節器の設置数に制約はない。また、本実施形態では、上部回転ロール2のみに圧力調節器8を設けた例を示したが、圧力調節器8を下部回転ロール3のみ或いは上部、下部回転ロール共に設置しても良い。
【0037】
更に、本実施形態では、回転ロールが上部及び下部に配された2本1対の例を示したが、複数本、複数対の回転ロールを使用しても良い。また、前記回転ロールは、その両端又は多点にて支持され、同回転ロールの熱源としては、電気や熱媒などを適宜採用することができる。
【0038】
また、上記フィードバック機構の代わりにフィードフォワード機構を採用しても良い。フィードフォワード機構においては、回転ロール2及び3を通過する前の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚みが、回転ロール2及び3を通過する前に設けられたCCDレーザ式厚み測定装置5によってオンラインで測定され、検出された信号は厚み変動制御装置7に送信される。
【0039】
厚み変動制御装置7に予め設定された、回転ロールを通過する前の厚みと押し圧力による厚みの変化との関係に基づいて、回転ロールに設けられた圧力調節器に適正な圧力を設定する機構となっている。
【0040】
なお、上記フィードバック機構とフィードフォワード機構を組み合わせることで更に精度良くシートの厚みを制御することが可能となる。
【0041】
上記の実施形態によれば、回転ロール2及び3を通過する多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の押し圧力を調整することができるので、多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚み変動を小さく抑えることができる。よって、設定厚みに対する厚みの変動率を±5%以内に低減された多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を製造することができる。ここで、本明細書における厚み変動率は下式により示される。
【0042】
なお、式中の厚みは、巻き取り後のシート10mについて、幅方向に3点、長さ方向に100点、計300点をキーエンス(株)製のCCDレーザ式厚み測定器(型式LK−010)で測定したもので、平均厚みはその平均値、変動厚みは最大或いは最小の厚みを示す。
【0043】
【数1】

Figure 0004728528
【0044】
【実施例】
以下、本発明について実施例及び比較例を挙げて詳しく説明する。
【0045】
なお、以下の実施例及び比較例において、多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の原料としては以下のものを採用した。
【0046】
炭素短繊維の平均繊維長:6mm
有機高分子系バインダー:PVA繊維、炭素繊維比20質量%含有
熱硬化性樹脂:フェノール樹脂(大日本インキ化学(株)社製フェノライト5900)の15質量%メタノール溶液に、上記炭素短繊維と上記有機高分子系バインダーからなる炭素短繊維の抄造シート状物を浸漬し、炭素繊維100重量部に対しこのフェノール樹脂のメタノール溶液を75重量部付着させ、60℃で2時間減圧乾燥した。
【0047】
以上の原料により、シート幅300mm、600mm、1000mm、各シートの平均厚み0.8mmの多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を得た。
【0048】
(実施例1)
図1及び図2の構成を有する熱硬化装置を用いて、シート巻取り速度1m/分で多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を製造した。厚み測定装置5はキーエンス(株)製のCCDレーザ式厚み測定器(型式LK−010)を用い、圧力調節器8はダイキン工業(株)製の油圧ポンプユニット、圧力調整弁及び油圧シリンダ式の調節器からなる構成とした。厚み測定装置5及び圧力調節器8を回転ロール2の上部に各々3つ設置した。圧力変動制御装置7は、パーソナルコンピュータ上にソフトウエアとして実現した。
【0049】
回転ロールの幅Rwを400mm、多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の幅Swを300mmとし、設定厚み0.3mmの多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を製造した。得られた多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物について長さ及び幅方向の厚みを測定したところ、シート長10mあたり±0.003mm以内の変動幅で、厚み変動率が±1%以内であり、厚みの均一性に優れたものであった。
【0050】
(実施例2)
回転ロールの幅Rwを800mm、多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の幅Swを600mmとした以外は実施例1と同様の熱硬化装置により、設定厚み0.3mmの多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を製造した。得られた多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物について長さ及び幅方向の厚みを測定したところ、シート長10mあたり±0.007mm以内の変動幅で、厚み変動率が±2.3%以内であり、厚みの均一性に優れたものであった。
【0051】
(実施例3)
回転ロールの幅Rwを1300mm、多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の幅Swを1000mmとした以外は実施例1と同様の熱硬化装置により、設定厚み0.3mmの多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を製造した。得られた多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物について長さ及び幅方向の厚みを測定したところ、シート長10mあたり±0.01mm以内の変動幅で、厚み変動率が±3.3%以内であり、厚みの均一性に優れたものであった。
【0052】
(比較例1)
厚み測定装置5、圧力調節器8、圧力変動制御装置7を取り外した以外は実施例1と同様にして設定厚みが0.3mmの多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を製造した。得られた多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物について長さ及び幅方向の厚みを測定したところ、シート長10mあたり±0.03mm以内の変動幅で、厚み変動率が±10%と厚みの均一性の悪いものであった。
【0053】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、回転ロールによって多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を連続的に熱硬化する装置を用い、シート状物の厚み変動に対して大きな影響を及ぼしている回転ロールの押し圧力を制御することによって、シート長さ及び幅方向における厚み変動が大幅に低減された高品質な多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を得ることができ、著しい生産性向上が達成される多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の熱硬化方法および熱硬化装置が提供される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施形態に係る熱硬化装置の概略構成図である。
【図2】本発明の一実施形態に係る熱硬化装置をシート巻取り装置側から見た概略説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1…シート送り出し装置
2…回転ロール(上部)
3…回転ロール(下部)
4…シート巻取り装置
5、5a、5b、5c…厚み測定装置、
6…圧力制御信号線
7…厚み変動制御装置(フィードバック機構)
8、8a、8b、8c…圧力調節器(圧力調節手段)
9…多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物
Sw…シート幅
Rw…ロール幅[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is particularly suitable as a fuel cell electrode substrate such as a sheet obtained by further carbonizing a sheet obtained by impregnating and curing a curable resin on a sheet obtained by making carbon short fibers. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a thermosetting device and a thermosetting method for a porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet that is a sheet-like material impregnated with the curable resin, which is used when producing a porous carbon-based sheet material. In addition, it is possible to obtain a porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet-like material excellent in uniformity by suppressing variation in thickness in the length and width directions of the sheet in thermosetting.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the environment surrounding fuel cells has advanced significantly. This electrode for a fuel cell is mainly produced by drying a sheet-like material obtained by making carbon fiber short fibers, impregnating it with a thermosetting resin, curing it, and firing it. It is.
[0003]
Fuel cells are classified into alkaline types, solid polymer types, phosphoric acid types, molten carbonate types, solid carbide types, etc., depending on the type of electrolyte. Among these, porous electrodes for solid polymer fuel cells are It is said to be particularly suitable for automobile applications because of its high current density, light weight, and compactness. Since the porous electrode for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell has a high current density, the supply amount of hydrogen and oxygen and the removal amount of water generated by the reaction increase. Further, since the operating temperature is as low as around 100 ° C., the gas supply path is blocked by water, and the gas supply path tends to be narrow. Therefore, the porous electrode for polymer electrolyte fuel cells is stronger and more flexible to withstand gas diffusion, permeability and handling than other electrodes, and moreover, when the electrode is manufactured or assembled. The strength that can withstand the compression of is required.
[0004]
In addition, since the current density is high, there is a strong demand for downsizing of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and in order to realize this, it is necessary to reduce the thickness of the porous electrode. The electrode thickness of polymer electrolyte fuel cells is currently 0.2 mm for automobiles and about 0.3 mm for stationary ones, but in the future, the demand for uniformity in thickness will increase with further thinning. It is considered a thing.
[0005]
As an electrode material for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, JP-A-9-157052 discloses a porous carbon plate. Since the porous carbon plate disclosed in the publication is applied to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, gas permeability in the thickness direction is particularly enhanced. Such a porous carbon plate is obtained by applying a resol type and novolac type phenolic resin to a sheet in which short carbon fibers obtained by making short carbon fibers are dispersed in a random direction in a substantially two-dimensional plane. It is obtained by impregnating a required amount of a resin blended in a mixing ratio and heating the sheet to carbonize the resin.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the electrode material of the fuel cell including the porous carbon-based sheet material disclosed in the above-mentioned publication is obtained by impregnating a resin into a sheet material made of carbon fiber, curing, and further carbonizing. Usually, it is poor in flexibility and highly brittle. Therefore, generally, after cutting the sheet-like material before curing the resin to about 15 cm × 15 cm, the resin is cured and then carbonized.
[0007]
However, in order to improve battery productivity, the porous carbon-based sheet material, which is the electrode material, is supplied to the fuel cell manufacturing process as a long product to ensure continuity in the battery manufacturing process. This is very important.
[0008]
For this reason, if a porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet that is a sheet-shaped material before thermosetting and carbonization of the porous carbon-based sheet can be continuously produced, the porous carbon-based sheet-like material In addition to improving productivity, continuity in the subsequent fuel cell manufacturing process is maintained, and productivity can be greatly improved.
[0009]
However, in the manufacturing process of the conventional porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet, which is a conventional electrode material, for example, a batch method using a hot press apparatus or the like is mainly used in the curing process, so a long electrode material is used. No attempt has been made to manufacture, and even in the above-mentioned publication, no consideration is given to continuously manufacturing a long electrode substrate.
[0010]
An object of the present invention is to ensure the uniformity of the thickness of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet in the step of thermosetting the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet impregnated with the thermosetting resin. It is to enable continuous heat curing.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet thermosetting apparatus of the present invention is a porous carbon-based molded product precursor for a fuel cell electrode substrate impregnated with a thermosetting resin. In an apparatus for thermosetting sheet-like materials,
A rotating roll that presses while continuously heating the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet,
And pressure adjusting means for continuously adjusting the pressure of the pressure for continuously uniformizing and controlling the thickness of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet.
And this device
A thickness measuring device for measuring the thickness of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet after being pressed by the rotating roll online;
A feedback mechanism for controlling the pressure adjusting means according to the measurement result of the thickness measuring device;
Or
A thickness measuring device that measures the thickness of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet before pressing with the rotating roll online;
A feedforward mechanism for controlling the pressure adjusting means according to the measurement result of the thickness measuring device;
Is provided.
In addition to the feedforward mechanism and the thickness measurement device for the feedforward mechanism, this device can also include the aforementioned feedback mechanism and the thickness measurement device for the feedback mechanism.
[0012]
The porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet of the present invention refers to a sheet-like material made from short fibers containing short carbon fibers, knitted or non-woven fabrics containing carbon fibers, or carbon fibers in one direction or many. A sheet-like material aligned in the direction is impregnated with a thermosetting resin. The thermosetting resin is preferably one that exhibits adhesiveness or fluidity at room temperature.
[0013]
In addition, the porous carbon-based sheet material obtained by baking the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet material after thermosetting is used as an electrode substrate of a fuel cell.
[0014]
In order to facilitate the conveyance of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet, an endless portion is provided between the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet and the upper rotating roll, the lower rotating roll, or the upper and lower rotating rolls. It is good also as a structure which arranges a shaped rotating belt.
[0015]
The heating method as the curing means for the thermosetting resin may be heat transfer heating such as a heating roll, convection heating provided with a heating region, or radiant heating such as far-infrared rays. From the viewpoint of reduction, heat transfer heating such as a heating roll is preferred. In addition, although heating temperature can be set suitably, 300 degrees C or less is preferable.
[0016]
The pressure adjusting means of the present invention preferably uses a hydraulic cylinder type pressure regulator provided with a pressure regulating valve capable of continuously adjusting the pressure. The continuous includes an intermittent case such as once per second, for example. In addition, although a press pressure can be set suitably, it is preferable to set it as 5 MPa or more and less than 20 MPa.
[0017]
In the apparatus of the present invention, a thickness measuring device for measuring the thickness of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet after being pressed by the rotating roll, and the pressure adjusting means according to the measurement result of the thickness measuring device It is preferable to provide a feedback mechanism for controlling.
[0018]
As the thickness measuring device, a contact type or non-contact type measuring device can be used, but in order to reduce damage to the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet, a non-contact type measuring device is used. Is preferred. Further, as a non-contact type measurement method, there are a laser method, an eddy current method, an ultrasonic method, and the like. In the present invention, a laser method is preferable.
[0019]
The feedback mechanism measures the thickness of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet after pressing with a rotating roll online by the thickness measuring instrument, and the detected signal is transmitted to the thickness variation control device, What is necessary is just to set it as the structure which transmits the pressure which makes thickness uniform to a pressure regulator.
[0020]
Also, a thickness measuring device that measures the thickness of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet before being pressed by the rotating roll, and a feedforward that controls the pressure adjusting means according to the measurement result of the thickness measuring device. It is also preferable to provide a mechanism.
[0021]
The feedforward mechanism measures the thickness of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet before pressing with a rotating roll on-line by the thickness measuring instrument, and the detected signal is transmitted to the thickness variation control device. The pressure may be transmitted to the pressure regulator so as to make the thickness uniform.
[0022]
A device configuration in which the feedback mechanism and the feedforward mechanism are combined may be employed.
[0023]
The present invention also relates to a porous carbon-based molded product precursor for thermosetting a porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet using the above-described thermosetting device for a porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet. This is a method for thermosetting a sheet-like material.
[0024]
The rate of variation of thickness with respect to the set thickness in the length and width directions of the multi-porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet after thermosetting by the method for thermosetting the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet of the present invention Can be within ± 5%.
[0025]
It is preferable that the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet includes carbon fiber and an organic polymer-based binder.
[0026]
The organic polymer binder is preferably a pulp or short fiber of polyvinyl alcohol or acrylonitrile polymer.
[0027]
The organic polymer binder is preferably a thermosetting resin that can be carbonized. As the thermosetting resin, a phenol resin, a furan resin, or the like is preferably used. By adopting such a carbonizable thermosetting resin, the porous carbon-based precursor sheet-like material is thermally cured and fired, and the porous carbon-based sheet-like material obtained by firing is used as the electrode base of the fuel cell. When used as a material, conductivity increases.
[0028]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a thermosetting apparatus for porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of the thermosetting apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a sheet. It is explanatory drawing of the apparatus structure seen from the winding apparatus side. 2, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
[0029]
In the present embodiment, a dispersion containing carbon short fibers and PVA short fibers as an organic polymer binder is used as a porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet, for example, using a long net paper machine. A sheet-like material obtained by making a sheet-like material, drying the sheet-like material once, and then impregnating and drying the thermosetting resin will be described as an example.
[0030]
In the present embodiment, a feedback mechanism will be described as an example.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 1, the thermosetting device of the present embodiment is supplied with the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet 9 supplied from the sheet feeding device 1 to the rotary rolls 2 and 3, and the sheet winding device. 4 is wound up.
[0032]
The thickness of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet that has passed through the rotary rolls 2 and 3 is measured online by the CCD laser-type thickness measuring device 5, and the detected signal is transmitted to the thickness variation control device 7. The
[0033]
When the detected thickness is larger than a preset reference value, the thickness variation control device 7 controls a hydraulic cylinder type pressure regulator 8 provided on the rotary roll via the pressure control signal line 6. The pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is increased.
[0034]
On the other hand, if the detected thickness is smaller than the reference value, the pressure regulator 8 provided on the rotary roll is controlled similarly via the pressure control signal line 6 so as to reduce the pressing pressure of the hydraulic cylinder. It is configured. In this way, the reference thickness can be approached.
[0035]
The thickness variation control device of the present invention may be configured as an electronic component as a control circuit. However, if the system is configured as software using a personal computer or the like, the control parameters can be easily changed and excellent in applicability. It will be.
[0036]
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, three thickness measuring devices 5a to 5c are provided, and pressure regulators 8a to 8c are provided at a total of three locations, two on the shaft portion of the rotating roll and one on the roller portion. Although the example which provided was shown, there is no restriction | limiting in the installation number of a thickness measuring device and a pressure regulator. Moreover, although the example which provided the pressure regulator 8 only in the upper rotary roll 2 was shown in this embodiment, you may install the pressure regulator 8 only in the lower rotary roll 3 or both an upper part and a lower rotary roll.
[0037]
Further, in the present embodiment, an example of a pair of two rotating rolls arranged on the upper and lower sides is shown, but a plurality of pairs of rotating rolls may be used. Moreover, the said rotating roll is supported by the both ends or multipoint, and electricity, a heat medium, etc. can be employ | adopted suitably as a heat source of the rotating roll.
[0038]
Further, a feed forward mechanism may be employed instead of the feedback mechanism. In the feedforward mechanism, the thickness of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet before passing through the rotating rolls 2 and 3 is a CCD laser type thickness measuring apparatus provided before passing through the rotating rolls 2 and 3 5, the signal measured and detected online is transmitted to the thickness variation control device 7.
[0039]
A mechanism for setting an appropriate pressure to a pressure regulator provided in the rotary roll based on the relationship between the thickness before passing through the rotary roll and the change in thickness due to the pressing force, which is set in advance in the thickness variation control device 7 It has become.
[0040]
The sheet thickness can be controlled with higher accuracy by combining the feedback mechanism and the feedforward mechanism.
[0041]
According to the above embodiment, the pressing pressure of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet passing through the rotary rolls 2 and 3 can be adjusted, so that the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet-like material Thickness variation can be kept small. Therefore, it is possible to produce a porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet in which the variation rate of the thickness with respect to the set thickness is reduced to within ± 5%. Here, the thickness variation rate in this specification is expressed by the following equation.
[0042]
The thickness in the formula is 3 points in the width direction and 100 points in the length direction of the sheet 10m after winding, and a total of 300 points is a CCD laser type thickness measuring instrument (model LK-010) manufactured by Keyence Corporation. The average thickness is the average value, and the variable thickness is the maximum or minimum thickness.
[0043]
[Expression 1]
Figure 0004728528
[0044]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples and comparative examples.
[0045]
In the following Examples and Comparative Examples, the following materials were used as raw materials for the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet.
[0046]
Average fiber length of short carbon fiber: 6mm
Organic polymer binder: PVA fiber, carbon fiber ratio 20% by mass Thermosetting resin: phenolic resin (Phenolite 5900 manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) in 15% by mass methanol solution A paper-made sheet of short carbon fibers made of the organic polymer binder was immersed, 75 parts by weight of this phenol resin methanol solution was attached to 100 parts by weight of the carbon fibers, and dried under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 2 hours.
[0047]
With the above raw materials, a porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet-like material having a sheet width of 300 mm, 600 mm, 1000 mm and an average thickness of each sheet of 0.8 mm was obtained.
[0048]
(Example 1)
A porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet was produced at a sheet winding speed of 1 m / min using a thermosetting apparatus having the configuration of FIGS. 1 and 2. The thickness measuring device 5 is a CCD laser type thickness measuring device (model LK-010) manufactured by Keyence Corporation, and the pressure controller 8 is a hydraulic pump unit, pressure adjusting valve and hydraulic cylinder type manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd. It was set as the structure which consists of a regulator. Three thickness measuring devices 5 and three pressure regulators 8 were installed on the top of the rotating roll 2. The pressure fluctuation control device 7 was realized as software on a personal computer.
[0049]
The width Rw of the rotating roll was 400 mm, the width Sw of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet was 300 mm, and a porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet with a set thickness of 0.3 mm was produced. When the thickness in the length and width directions of the obtained porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet-like material was measured, the fluctuation range was within ± 0.003 mm per 10 m of the sheet length, and the thickness fluctuation rate was within ± 1%. There was excellent thickness uniformity.
[0050]
(Example 2)
Porous carbon-based molding with a set thickness of 0.3 mm using the same thermosetting apparatus as in Example 1 except that the width Rw of the rotating roll is 800 mm and the width Sw of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet is 600 mm. A product precursor sheet was produced. When the thickness in the length and width directions of the obtained porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet-like material was measured, the thickness variation rate was ± 2.3% within a variation range of ± 0.007 mm per 10 m of the sheet length. And uniformity of thickness was excellent.
[0051]
(Example 3)
Except that the width Rw of the rotating roll is 1300 mm and the width Sw of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet is 1000 mm, the porous carbon-based molding having a set thickness of 0.3 mm is performed by the same thermosetting apparatus as in Example 1. A product precursor sheet was produced. When the thickness in the length and width directions of the obtained porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet was measured, the thickness variation rate was ± 3.3% within a variation range of ± 0.01 mm per 10 m of the sheet length. And uniformity of thickness was excellent.
[0052]
(Comparative Example 1)
A porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet having a set thickness of 0.3 mm was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness measuring device 5, the pressure regulator 8, and the pressure fluctuation control device 7 were removed. When the thickness in the length and width directions of the obtained porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet-like material was measured, the thickness variation rate was ± 10% with a variation width within ± 0.03 mm per 10 m sheet length. The uniformity was poor.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, using a device that continuously thermosets a porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet with a rotating roll, the pressing of the rotating roll exerting a great influence on the thickness variation of the sheet is obtained. By controlling the pressure, it is possible to obtain a high-quality porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet in which the thickness variation in the sheet length and width directions is significantly reduced, and a significant productivity improvement is achieved. Provided are a method and a heat curing apparatus for a porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a thermosetting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view of a thermosetting device according to an embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the sheet winding device side.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... sheet feeding device 2 ... rotating roll (upper part)
3 ... Rotating roll (bottom)
4 ... Sheet winding device 5, 5a, 5b, 5c ... Thickness measuring device,
6 ... Pressure control signal line 7 ... Thickness variation control device (feedback mechanism)
8, 8a, 8b, 8c ... Pressure regulator (pressure regulating means)
9 ... Porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet Sw ... Sheet width Rw ... Roll width

Claims (7)

熱硬化性樹脂が含浸した燃料電池電極基材用の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を熱硬化する装置において、
前記多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を連続的に加熱しつつ押圧する回転ロールと、
前記多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚みを連続的に均一化制御するための、該押圧の圧力を連続的に調節する圧力調節手段と、
前記回転ロールで押圧した後の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚みをオンラインで測定する厚み測定装置と、
この厚み測定装置の測定結果に応じて前記圧力調節手段を制御するフィードバック機構
を備える燃料電池電極基材用の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の熱硬化装置。
In an apparatus for thermosetting a porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet for a fuel cell electrode substrate impregnated with a thermosetting resin,
A rotating roll that presses while continuously heating the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet,
Pressure adjusting means for continuously adjusting the pressure of the pressure for continuously uniformizing and controlling the thickness of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet,
A thickness measuring device for measuring the thickness of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet after being pressed by the rotating roll online ;
Measurements thermosetting device of the porous carbon-based molded article precursor sheet for a fuel cell electrode substrate comprising a <br/> a feedback mechanism for controlling the pressure regulating means according to the thickness measuring device.
熱硬化性樹脂が含浸した燃料電池電極基材用の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を熱硬化する装置において、
前記多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を連続的に加熱しつつ押圧する回転ロールと、
前記多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚みを連続的に均一化制御するための、該押圧の圧力を連続的に調節する圧力調節手段と、
前記回転ロールで押圧する前の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚みをオンラインで測定する厚み測定装置と、
この厚み測定装置の測定結果に応じて前記圧力調節手段を制御するフィードフォワード機構
を備える燃料電池電極基材用の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の熱硬化装置。
In an apparatus for thermosetting a porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet for a fuel cell electrode substrate impregnated with a thermosetting resin,
A rotating roll that presses while continuously heating the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet,
Pressure adjusting means for continuously adjusting the pressure of the pressure for continuously uniformizing and controlling the thickness of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet,
A thickness measuring device that measures the thickness of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet before pressing with the rotating roll online ;
Measurements thermosetting device of the porous carbon-based molded article precursor sheet for a fuel cell electrode substrate comprising a <br/> feedforward mechanism for controlling the pressure regulating means according to the thickness measuring device.
前記回転ロールで押圧した後の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の厚みをオンラインで測定する厚み測定装置と、A thickness measuring device for measuring the thickness of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet after being pressed by the rotating roll online;
この厚み測定装置の測定結果に応じて前記圧力調節手段を制御するフィードバック機構とA feedback mechanism for controlling the pressure adjusting means according to the measurement result of the thickness measuring device;
をさらに備える請求項2記載の装置。The apparatus of claim 2 further comprising:
請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の熱硬化装置を用いて燃料電池電極基材用の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物を熱硬化することを特徴とする燃料電池電極基材用の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の熱硬化方法。A porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet for a fuel cell electrode substrate is produced using the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet-shaped thermosetting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A method of thermosetting a porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet for a fuel cell electrode substrate , characterized by thermosetting. 熱硬化後の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の長さ及び幅方向における設定厚みに対する厚みの変動率を±5%以内とする請求項4記載の燃料電池電極基材用の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の熱硬化方法。 The porous material for a fuel cell electrode substrate according to claim 4, wherein the variation rate of the thickness with respect to the set thickness in the length and width directions of the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet after thermosetting is within ± 5%. A method for thermosetting a carbon-based molded product precursor sheet. 前記多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物は、炭素繊維及び有機高分子系バインダーとを含んでなることを特徴とする請求項4または5に記載の燃料電池電極基材用の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の熱硬化方法。The porous carbon for a fuel cell electrode substrate according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet comprises carbon fiber and an organic polymer-based binder. Thermosetting method for system molded product precursor sheet. 前記有機高分子系バインダーは、炭素化が可能な熱硬化性樹脂である請求項6記載の燃料電池電極基材用の多孔質炭素系成形品前駆体シート状物の熱硬化方法。The method of thermosetting a porous carbon-based molded product precursor sheet for a fuel cell electrode substrate according to claim 6, wherein the organic polymer-based binder is a thermosetting resin that can be carbonized.
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