JP4733382B2 - Four-way valve - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a four-way valve, and more particularly, to a four-way valve provided integrally with a compressor used in a refrigeration cycle or the like.

  In general, refrigeration cycles such as air conditioners and refrigeration systems include the following patents in addition to compressors, gas-liquid separators, condensers (outdoor heat exchangers), evaporators (indoor heat exchangers), expansion valves, etc. As can be seen in Document 1, etc., a four-way valve is provided as a flow path (flow direction) switching means.

  An example of the refrigeration cycle provided with this four-way valve will be described with reference to FIG. The refrigeration cycle 300 in the illustrated example is of an air conditioner, and the operation mode (cooling operation and heating operation) is switched by the four-way valve 320. That is, the compressor 310, the gas-liquid separator 312, the condenser (outdoor heat exchanger) 314, the evaporator (indoor heat exchanger) 316, and the expansion valve 318 are provided. Between the condenser 314 and the evaporator 316, a four-way valve 320 having four first to fourth ports a, b, c and d (see FIG. 9) is disposed.

  The devices are connected by a flow path formed by a conduit (pipe) or the like. Specifically, the suction flow path 321 that guides the refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 312 to the compressor 310, the discharge flow path 322 that guides the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 310 to the first port a of the four-way valve 320, and the four-way valve The condenser-side feed-back flow path 323 that connects the second port b of 320 and the first flow port 314a of the condenser 314, the third port c of the four-way valve 20, and the first flow port 316a of the evaporator 316 are connected. The evaporator-side return flow path 324, the return path 325 connecting the fourth port d of the four-way valve 320 and the return port 312 a of the gas-liquid separator 312, the second flow port 314 b of the condenser 314 and the expansion valve 318. And a flow path 327 that connects the expansion valve 318 and the second flow port 316b of the evaporator 316 are provided.

  In the refrigeration cycle 300 having such a configuration, when the cooling operation mode is selected, the four-way valve 20 is connected to the discharge passage 322 and the condenser-side return passage 323 as shown in FIG. And the evaporator-side return flow path 324 and the return flow path 325 are switched to each other. At this time, as indicated by solid line arrows in FIG. 8, the refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 312 is sucked into the compressor 310 via the suction flow path 321, and at a high temperature and high pressure from the discharge port 310 a of the compressor 310. The refrigerant is guided to the condenser 314 through the discharge flow path 322, the four-way valve 320, and the condenser side return flow path 323, and is condensed by exchanging heat with outdoor air in the condenser 314, And introduced into the expansion valve 318 via the flow path 326. The expansion valve 318 decompresses the high-pressure refrigerant, and the decompressed low-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the evaporator 316 via the flow path 327, where it evaporates by exchanging heat (cooling) with room air. From 316, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is returned to the gas-liquid separator 312 via the evaporator-side return flow path 324, the four-way valve 320, and the return flow path 325.

  On the other hand, when the heating operation mode is selected, the four-way valve 320 causes the discharge passage 322 and the evaporator-side return passage 324 to communicate with each other as shown in FIG. The state is switched to a state where the return flow path 323 and the return flow path 325 are communicated. At this time, the refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 312 is sucked into the compressor 310 through the suction flow path 321 and at a high temperature and high pressure from the discharge port 310a of the compressor 310, as indicated by broken line arrows in FIG. The refrigerant is guided to the evaporator 316 via the discharge flow path 322, the four-way valve 320, and the evaporator-side return flow path 324, and is evaporated by exchanging heat with room air (heating) in the evaporator 316. It becomes a phase refrigerant and is introduced into the expansion valve 318 through the flow path 327. The expansion valve 318 decompresses the high-pressure refrigerant, and the decompressed low-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the condenser 314 via the flow path 326, where it is condensed by exchanging heat with outdoor air. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is returned to the gas-liquid separator 312 via the condenser-side return flow path 323, the four-way valve 320, and the return flow path 325.

  In the four-way valve used in the conventional refrigeration cycle as described above, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant and the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant flow close to each other in the four-way valve. There is a problem that the heat conduction amount (heat transfer amount) increases and heat loss that cannot be ignored occurs.

  As one measure for solving such a problem, it is conceivable to incorporate a heat insulating means into the four-way valve, as can be seen, for example, in Patent Document 2 below.

JP 2003-139430 A Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-194895 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-017200)

  However, when a heat insulating means is incorporated in the four-way valve, the number of parts increases, the configuration becomes complicated, and the cost becomes extremely high.

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above. The object of the present invention is to effectively reduce the amount of heat transfer from a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant. It is an object of the present invention to provide a four-way valve that can achieve reduction at a low cost.

In order to achieve the above object, a four-way valve according to the present invention is basically a four-way valve used in a refrigeration cycle or the like, and includes a first inlet / outlet provided for deriving high-pressure refrigerant and introducing low-pressure refrigerant; A second inlet / outlet, a high-pressure refrigerant introduction port for introducing a high-pressure refrigerant, and an electromagnetic valve are provided, and the high-pressure refrigerant from the high-pressure refrigerant introduction port is supplied to the first inlet / outlet and the first inlet / outlet according to opening / closing of the electromagnetic valve. A main valve main body provided with a main switching valve that leads to one of the two inlets and outlets, and a low-pressure refrigerant outlet for deriving low-pressure refrigerant, and the low-pressure refrigerant according to the operating state of the main switching valve A slave valve main body provided with a slave switching valve for communicating the outlet and either the first inlet / outlet or the second inlet / outlet, and a passage for guiding high-pressure refrigerant from the master selector valve to the slave selector valve A part of the passage forming part forming the pipe is composed of a pipe or a thin cylindrical part. , And the main valve body portion and the従弁body portion is spaced through the pipe or thin-walled tube portion.

A part of the passage forming portion that forms a passage for guiding the high-pressure refrigerant from the main switching valve to the first inlet / outlet is constituted by a pipe or a thin cylindrical portion.

Furthermore, a part of the passage forming portion that forms a passage for guiding the high-pressure refrigerant from the main switching valve to the second inlet / outlet is constituted by a pipe or a thin cylindrical portion.

Further, high-pressure refrigerant introduced to the従弁body portion is characterized in that it is adapted to stay at rest to one of the valve holes of both ends of the従切valve.

  The main switching valve has a high-pressure refrigerant inlet, and a first outlet and a second outlet through which the refrigerant from the high-pressure refrigerant inlet is selectively guided through the first main valve or the second main valve. The first main valve is provided between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the first outlet, and the second main valve is provided between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the second outlet, An electromagnetic valve for reducing the differential pressure between the back pressure acting on the one main valve and the pressure on the first outlet side is provided, and when the differential pressure is reduced, the first main valve is opened. At the same time, the second main valve is closed, or the first main valve is closed and the second main valve is opened.

  The first main valve is provided with a first slide valve body having a valve body portion, and a valve seat that contacts and separates the valve body portion so as to cut off and communicate between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the first outlet. The first valve chamber, the first back pressure chamber provided on the opposite side of the first slide valve body from the first valve chamber, and the slide valve body in a direction in which the valve body portion is closed or opened. A biasing member that biases the second main valve, a second slide valve body having a main valve body part and a sub-valve body part, and between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the second outlet. A second valve chamber provided with a main valve seat that contacts and separates the main valve body portion, and a second back pressure chamber provided with a sub valve seat that contacts and separates the sub valve body portion; A biasing member that biases the second slide valve body in a direction in which the main valve body portion is closed and the sub-valve body portion is opened; and the first back pressure chamber in the first main valve; A pilot passage communicating with the downstream portion from the valve seat is provided, the pilot passage is opened and closed by the electromagnetic valve, and the pressure in the downstream portion from the valve seat is adjusted to the sub-portion of the second slide valve body. It is made to act on a valve body part.

  The first main valve is provided with a first slide valve body having a valve body portion, and a valve seat that contacts and separates the valve body portion so as to cut off and communicate between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the first outlet. The first valve chamber, the first back pressure chamber provided on the opposite side of the first slide valve body from the first valve chamber, and the slide valve body in the direction in which the valve body portion is closed. An urging member for energizing, wherein the second main valve blocks a second slide valve body having a main valve body portion and a sub-valve body portion, and the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the second outlet. A second valve chamber provided with a main valve seat for contacting and separating the main valve body portion to communicate, a second back pressure chamber provided with a sub valve seat for contacting and separating the sub valve body portion; An urging member that urges the second slide valve body in a direction in which the valve body portion is closed and the sub-valve body portion is opened, and the first slide valve body includes the first back pressure chamber. The valve A pilot passage communicating with a more downstream portion is provided, and the pilot passage is opened and closed by the electromagnetic valve, and the pressure of the downstream portion from the valve seat is reduced by the sub-valve body portion of the second slide valve body It is made to act on. In this case, preferably, the first main valve, the second main valve, and the electromagnetic valve are arranged on the same axis.

  The secondary switching valve includes a first inlet and a second inlet through which refrigerant is introduced, a low-pressure refrigerant outlet for selectively deriving low-pressure refrigerant from the first inlet and the second inlet, the first inlet, A first check valve provided between the low-pressure refrigerant outlet and a second check valve provided between the second inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet. When the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet is higher than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet, the two check valve allows the second inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet to communicate with each other, and the first inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet When the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet is lower than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet, the first inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet are communicated, and the second inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant The connection with the outlet is cut off.

  The first check valve of the slave switching valve includes a first valve hole communicating with the first inlet, a first valve body slidably inserted into the first valve hole, and the first valve body A first valve seat for contacting and separating, and a first valve chamber communicating with the low-pressure refrigerant outlet, the second check valve having a second valve hole communicating with the second inlet; A second valve chamber that is slidably fitted into the second valve hole, a second valve seat that contacts and separates from the second valve body, and that communicates with the low-pressure refrigerant outlet port. And having. In this case, it is preferable that the first check valve and the second check valve are disposed on the same axis line so that their tip portions are in contact with each other and mechanically interlock with each other.

  In addition, a gap for guiding the low-pressure refrigerant to the low-pressure refrigerant outlet is formed between the first valve body and the first valve hole and between the second valve body and the second valve hole in the slave switching valve. The

  When the solenoid valve is either open or closed, high-pressure refrigerant is led out from the first inlet / outlet, led to the first inlet of the slave switching valve, and retained there, and When the low-pressure refrigerant is led out from the second inlet / outlet through the second inlet of the slave switching valve and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet, and the electromagnetic valve is either open or closed, the high-pressure refrigerant is 2 is led to the outside from the inlet / outlet and is led to the second inlet of the slave switching valve and is retained therein, and the low-pressure refrigerant flows from the first inlet / outlet to the first inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant of the slave switching valve. It is configured to be led to the outside through the lead-out port.

When the first inlet / outlet is provided in the slave valve main body and the solenoid valve is either open or closed, the high-pressure refrigerant is guided to the slave switching valve and the first inlet / outlet is connected to the slave valve main body through the first inlet. 1 is led out from the inlet / outlet, and the low pressure refrigerant is led out from the second inlet / outlet through the second inlet and the low pressure refrigerant outlet of the slave switching valve, and the electromagnetic valve is opened or closed. Or the other, the high-pressure refrigerant is led out from the second inlet / outlet, led to the second inlet of the slave switching valve, and retained there, and the low-pressure refrigerant from the first inlet / outlet. wherein with Ru are led out to the outside through the first inlet and the low pressure refrigerant outlet port of従切valve configured to be stagnates is introduced into the main valve body section. A heat insulating member is disposed on the inner periphery of the passage forming portion, and a heat insulating member is disposed on the inner periphery of the outlet passage from the valve chamber of the slave switching valve to the low pressure refrigerant outlet.

  In the four-way valve according to the present invention, a part of the passage forming portion that forms a passage for guiding the high-pressure refrigerant from the main switching valve to the slave switching valve is constituted by a pipe or a thin cylindrical portion. The heat transfer area between the main body and the main valve main body is separated from the follower main body via the pipe or the thin cylindrical portion. ) To a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant (subordinate valve body) is smaller than that of a conventional normal four-way valve.

  Further, in the valve (in the follower valve body), the low-pressure refrigerant flows, but the high-pressure refrigerant remains substantially stationary in the follower valve body, so that the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is changed from the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant. The amount of heat transfer to the refrigerant is smaller than that of a conventional normal four-way valve in which a high-pressure refrigerant and a low-pressure refrigerant are both flowing in the valve. For this reason, it is possible to achieve a reduction in heat loss equal to or higher than that in the case where a heat insulating means is incorporated in the four-way valve at a lower cost.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of a four-way valve according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3A is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3 and FIG. 3B are cross-sectional views taken along the line BB in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG.

  The illustrated four-way valve 10 includes a first inlet / outlet port 11 (first inlet / outlet forming portion 16 provided with a first inlet / outlet port 16) and a second inlet / outlet port 12 (provided with the introduction of a high-pressure refrigerant and introduction of a low-pressure refrigerant). 2 inlet / outlet forming portion 17), a high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 for introducing a high-pressure refrigerant, and an electromagnetic valve 50 are provided, and the high-pressure refrigerant from the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 is changed according to opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve 50. A main valve main body portion 14 provided with a main switching valve 20 that leads to either the first inlet / outlet 11 or the second inlet / outlet 12, and a low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 for leading out low-pressure refrigerant are provided. And a slave valve main body 15 provided with a slave switching valve 120 for communicating the low pressure refrigerant outlet 13 with either the first inlet / outlet 11 or the second inlet / outlet 12 according to the operating state of the high pressure refrigerant. From the main switching valve 20 to the slave switching valve 120 64, a part of the passage forming portion is constituted by pipes 82, 83 or thin cylindrical portions 81, 84, and the main valve main body portion 14 and the slave valve main body portion 15 are formed by the pipes 82, 83 or the thin cylindrical shape. The parts 81 and 84 are spaced apart. A part of the passage forming portion that forms the passage 61 for guiding the high-pressure refrigerant from the main switching valve 20 to the first inlet / outlet 11 is constituted by a thin cylindrical portion 81, and the high-pressure refrigerant is supplied from the main switching valve 20 to the second inlet / outlet. A part of the passage forming portion that forms the passage 63 leading to 12 is constituted by a pipe 83. It should be noted that the main valve body 14, the slave valve body 15, the first inlet / outlet forming part 16, and the second inlet / outlet forming part 17 are appropriately provided with bolt holes (female screw parts) 18 for mounting the four-way valve 10. , 18,... Are formed.

  The main valve main body 14 made of a metal block provided with the main switching valve 20 is formed with the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and alternately in a first direction so as to be orthogonal to the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23. A stepped first valve hole 41 for the main valve 40 (pilot solenoid valve) and a stepped second valve hole 31 for the second main valve 30 (differential pressure responsive valve) are provided in parallel. A first outlet 26 (passage 61) is opened near the bottom of the second valve hole 31, and a second outlet 25 (passage 63) is opened near the bottom of the second valve hole 31. A strainer 28 is disposed at the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23.

  The main switching valve 20 is provided with a first main valve 40 between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and the first outlet 26, and a second main valve 30 between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and the second outlet 25. Is provided, and an electromagnetic valve 50 for reducing the differential pressure between the back pressure acting on the first main valve 40 and the pressure on the first outlet 26 side is provided, and when the differential pressure is reduced, the first The first main valve 40 is opened, and the second main valve 30 is closed.

  More specifically, the first main valve 40 cuts and communicates between the first slide valve body 42 having the valve body portion 42A and the large diameter portion 42C, and the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and the first outlet 26. Accordingly, a first valve chamber 44 provided with a valve seat 45 to which the valve body portion 42A contacts and separates, and a first back pressure chamber 47 provided on the opposite side of the first slide valve body 42 from the first valve chamber 44, And a coil spring 48 as a biasing member that biases the slide valve body 42 in a direction in which the valve body portion 42A is closed.

  The second main valve 30 blocks the second slide valve body 32 having the main valve body portion 32A, the sub valve body portion 32B, and the large diameter portion 32C, and the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and the second outlet 25. A second valve chamber 34 provided with a main valve seat 35 that contacts and separates the main valve body portion 32A to communicate with, and a second back pressure chamber 37 provided with a sub valve seat 36 that contacts and separates the sub valve body portion 32B. And a coil spring 38 as a biasing member that biases the second slide valve body 32 in a direction in which the main valve body portion 32A is closed and the sub-valve body portion 32B is opened.

  Note that the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the high-pressure refrigerant introduction port 23 includes the second valve chamber 34, the communication passage 39, the first valve chamber 44, the first slide valve body 42 (the large diameter portion 42C), and its slide. The second slide valve body 32 (large diameter portion 32C) and its sliding wall surface (second valve) are introduced into the first back pressure chamber 47 through the space between the moving wall surface (first valve hole 41). It is also introduced into the second back pressure chamber 37 through the space between the holes 31). Further, screw lids 24 and 29 serving as spring receivers for the coil springs 48 and 38 are provided on the first back pressure chamber 47 side and the second back pressure chamber 37 side of the first main valve 40 and the second main valve 30, respectively. It is screwed together. The screw lid 24 is provided with a sub-valve seat 36, but the sub-valve seat 36 may be integrated with the screw lid 24 or a separate body.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a pilot passage 55 is provided that communicates the first back pressure chamber 47 of the first main valve 40 and the downstream portion 41 a from the valve seat 45 via an electromagnetic valve 50. The pilot passage 55 (the valve chamber side port 55a) is opened and closed by an electromagnetic valve 50 including a coil portion 51, a suction element 52, a valve body (plunger) 53 with a ball 53a, an urging spring 54, and the like. Further, the downstream portion 41 a and the second back pressure chamber 37 are communicated with each other via a communication passage 49 and a communication passage 24 a formed in the screw cap 24 from the valve seat 45. The solenoid valve 50 is a well-known general-purpose product, and when not energized, the valve body 53 is pushed down by the biasing spring 54 and the pilot passage 55 (the valve chamber side port 55a). ) Is closed and energized, the valve body 53 is pulled up toward the suction element 52 side to open the pilot passage 55 (the valve chamber side port 55a).

  On the other hand, the secondary switching valve 120 is provided with a first inlet 131 (passage 62) through which refrigerant is introduced and a second inlet 132 (passage 64) in addition to the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13. A refrigerant from the first inlet 131 and the second inlet 131 is selectively led to the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13, and a first check is provided between the first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13. A second check valve 122 provided between the valve 121 and the second inlet 132 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 113, and the first check valve 121 and the second check valve 122 are refrigerant of the first inlet 131. When the pressure is higher than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet 132, the second inlet 132 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 are communicated, and the first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 are blocked, 131 When the refrigerant pressure is lower than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet 132, the first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet port 13 are communicated with each other, and the second inlet 132 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet port 113 are blocked. .

  More specifically, the first check valve 121 includes a first valve hole 125 communicating with the first inlet 131, a first valve body 123 slidably inserted into the first valve hole 125, A first valve seat 127 to which the first valve body 123 contacts and separates is provided, and a valve chamber 130 (common to the second check valve 22) communicating with the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 is provided, and the second check The valve 122 includes a second valve hole 126 communicating with the second inlet 132, a second valve body 124 slidably fitted in the second valve hole 126, and the second valve body 124 contacting and separating. A second valve seat 128 is provided, and a valve chamber 130 (common to the first check valve 121) communicating with the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 is provided.

  In addition, lid members 137 and 138 that also prevent the first valve body 123 and the second valve body 124 from coming off are fixed to the end portions of the first valve hole 125 and the second valve hole 126.

  Here, the first check valve 121 and the second check valve 122 are arranged in the same structure and symmetrically on the same axis, and the cylindrical tip portions of the first valve body 123 and the second valve body 124 are opposed to each other. They are touched so that they are mechanically interlocked. In addition, the first valve body 123 and the second valve body 124 are respectively a conical surface valve body portion contacting and separating from the first valve seat 127 and the second valve seat 128, and a square with a rounded corner (non-circular cross section). In order to guide the refrigerant to the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 between the first valve body 123 and the first valve hole 125 and between the second valve body 124 and the second valve hole 126. A gap S (see FIG. 4) is formed. In addition, a hole with a circular cross section that opens to the rear surface side is formed in the insertion portion.

  In the slave switching valve 120 configured as described above, when the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet 131 is higher than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet 132, the first valve body 123 moves right while pushing the second valve body 124. The valve body portion of the first valve body 123 contacts the first valve seat 127, the valve body portion of the second valve body 124 is separated from the second valve seat 128, the first check valve 121 is closed, 2 The check valve 122 is opened, the first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 are shut off, and the second inlet 132 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 communicate with each other. The refrigerant is led out (intake) from the low pressure refrigerant outlet 13 through the valve chamber 130.

  On the other hand, when the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet 131 is lower than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet 132, the second valve body 124 moves left while pushing the first valve body 123, and the valve body portion of the second valve body 124 While contacting the second valve seat 128, the valve body portion of the first valve body 123 is separated from the first valve seat 27, the second check valve 122 is closed, the first check valve 121 is opened, and the second inlet The first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 communicate with each other, and the low-pressure refrigerant at the first inlet 131 is introduced into the low-pressure refrigerant through the valve chamber 130. It is led out (inhaled) from the outlet 13 to the outside.

  Next, the operation of the main switching valve 20 and the refrigerant flow in the four-way valve 10 of this embodiment will be described.

  In the main switching valve 20 configured as described above, when the refrigeration cycle is not operated (when the refrigerant is not compressed), the second main valve 30 is driven by the biasing force of the coil spring 38. The main valve body portion 32A is closed, the sub valve body portion 32B is opened, the valve body portion 42 of the first main valve 40 is closed by the urging force of the coil spring 48, and the solenoid valve 50 is not energized. The pilot passage 55 is closed because it is not energized.

When the refrigeration cycle is operated and the solenoid valve 50 is not energized (when the solenoid valve 50 is not energized), high-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and the pilot valve 55 (valve of the pilot passage 55) The room side port 55a) is closed. At this time, the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the high-pressure refrigerant introduction port 23 acts on the large-diameter portion 32C of the second slide valve body 32 of the second main valve 30, whereby the second slide valve body 32 is coiled. The main valve body portion 32A is opened and the sub-valve body portion 32B is closed, and the internal pressure of the downstream portion 41a from the valve seat 45 of the first main valve 40 is moved against the urging force of the spring 38. Since the internal pressure (back pressure) of the first back pressure chamber 47 becomes higher (the differential pressure becomes larger), the valve body portion 42A of the first slide valve body 42 is closed. Therefore, the high-pressure refrigerant is guided from the second outlet 25 (passage 63) to the second inlet / outlet 12 and discharged to the outside, and passes through the passage 64 through the second inlet 132 of the secondary switching valve 120. It is also guided to the two valve holes 126. On the other hand, the low-pressure refrigerant is introduced from the first inlet / outlet 11 into the first valve hole 125 through the passage 62 and the first inlet 131. For this reason, the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet 131 becomes lower than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet 132, the second valve body 124 moves left while pushing the first valve body 123, and the valve body portion of the second valve body 124 is While contacting the second valve seat 128, the valve body portion of the first valve body 123 is separated from the first valve seat 27, the second check valve 122 is closed, the first check valve 121 is opened, and the second inlet The first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 communicate with each other, and the low-pressure refrigerant introduced into the first inlet 131 passes through the valve chamber 130. It is led out (intake) from the low pressure refrigerant outlet 13 to the outside. At this time, the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the second valve hole 126 is retained in a stationary state.

  On the other hand, when the solenoid valve 50 is energized (at the time of energization), high-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23, and the valve body 53 of the solenoid valve 50 is pulled up so that the pilot passage 55 The room side port 55a) is opened. As a result, the pressure in the downstream portion 41a rises from the valve seat 45 of the first main valve 40 and the differential pressure with respect to the first back pressure chamber 47 becomes smaller, and the pressure in the downstream portion 41a from the raised valve seat 45 becomes smaller. Since it acts on the sub-valve part 32B of the second slide valve body 32 via the communication passages 49 and 33a, the second slide valve body 32 of the second main valve 30 moves and the main valve body part 32A is closed. At the same time, the sub-valve part 32B is opened, whereby the high-pressure refrigerant is guided from the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 to the first valve chamber 44 of the first main valve 40 via the communication passage 39, and the first slide. Acting on the large diameter portion 42C of the valve body 42, the first slide valve body 42 moves against the urging force of the coil spring 48, and the valve body portion 42A is opened. Therefore, the high-pressure refrigerant is guided to the first outlet 26 and discharged, and is also guided to the first valve hole 125 through the passage 62 and the first inlet 131 of the slave switching valve 120. On the other hand, the low-pressure refrigerant is introduced from the second inlet / outlet 12 into the second valve hole 126 through the passage 64 and the second inlet 132. Therefore, the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet 132 becomes lower than the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet 131, the first valve body 123 moves right while pushing the second valve body 124, and the valve body portion of the first valve body 123 is While contacting the first valve seat 127, the valve body portion of the second valve body 124 is separated from the 21st valve seat 28, the first check valve 121 is closed, the second check valve 122 is opened, and the second inlet 132 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 communicate with each other, the first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 are disconnected, and the low-pressure refrigerant introduced into the second inlet 132 passes through the valve chamber 130. It is led out (inhaled) from the outlet 13 to the outside. At this time, the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the first valve hole 125 is retained in a stationary state.

In the four-way valve 10 of this embodiment configured as described above, a part of the passage forming portion that forms the passages 61, 62, 63, 64 that guide the high-pressure refrigerant from the main switching valve 20 to the sub switching valve 120 is a pipe 82. 83 and thin cylindrical portions 81 and 84, the heat transfer area between the main valve main body 14 and the subordinate valve main body 15 is reduced, and the main valve main body 14 and the subordinate main body 15 are separated from each other through the pipes 82 and 83 or the thin cylindrical portions 81 and 84, so that the transfer from the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant (main valve main body portion 14) to the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant (subordinate valve main body portion 15). The amount of heat is smaller than that of a conventional normal four-way valve. In order to further reduce the amount of heat transfer when the solenoid valve 50 is energized, the heat insulating member 61a may be disposed on the inner periphery of the passage 61 and the like.

  Further, in the valve 10 (in the slave valve main body 15), the low-pressure refrigerant flows, but the high-pressure refrigerant is substantially stationary in the slave valve main body 15 and stays there. Since the low-pressure refrigerant is stationary and stays in the section 14, the amount of heat transferred from the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is a conventional ordinary four-way valve in which both the high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant flow in the valve. Smaller than For this reason, it is possible to achieve a reduction in heat loss equal to or higher than that in the case where a heat insulating means is incorporated in the four-way valve at a lower cost.

  5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the four-way valve according to the present invention, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line FF of FIG. It is. In each figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same structure thru | or the same function part as each part of the four-way valve 10 shown by FIGS. 1-4, and duplication description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The four-way valve 10 ′ shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 includes a main valve body 14 and a slave valve body 15, and the main valve body 14 has a high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 for introducing a high-pressure refrigerant. And a second inlet / outlet 12 and an electromagnetic valve 50. According to the opening / closing of the electromagnetic valve 50, the high-pressure refrigerant from the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 is supplied to the first outlet 26 (passage 65), the sub-switching valve. The first valve hole 125 of 120 and the first inlet 131 are led to the first inlet / outlet 11, or the second inlet / outlet 12 and the second of the secondary switching valve 120 are passed through the second outlet 25 (passage 66). A portion of the passage forming portion that forms the passages 65 and 66 for guiding the high-pressure refrigerant from the main switching valve 20 to the sub-switching valve 120 is formed by thin-walled tubular portions 85 and 86 that are guided to the inlet 132 and the second valve hole 126. The main valve body 14 and the follower valve body 15 are separated from each other through thin cylindrical portions 85 and 86. To have. Note that bolt holes (female thread portions) 18, 18,... For attaching the four-way valve 10 are appropriately formed in the main valve main body portion 14 and the slave valve main body portion 15.

  In the present embodiment, the main valve main body portion 14 is provided with a main switching valve 70 having a configuration different from that of the above-described embodiment. The main switching valve 70 includes the first main valve 40 with the electromagnetic valve 50 and the second main valve 30. And has a common valve hole 71 so that they are located on the same axis.

  In the main switching valve 70, the second main valve 30 is provided between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and the second outlet 25, and the first main valve is between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and the first outlet 26. 40, an electromagnetic valve 50 for reducing the differential pressure between the back pressure acting on the first main valve 40 and the pressure on the first outlet 26 side is provided, and when the differential pressure is reduced, The second main valve 30 is closed and the first main valve 40 is opened.

  More specifically, the first main valve 40 cuts and communicates between the first slide valve body 42 having the valve body portion 42A and the large diameter portion 42C, and the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and the first outlet 26. Accordingly, a first valve chamber 44 provided with a valve seat 45 to which the valve body portion 42A contacts and separates, and a first back pressure chamber 47 provided on the opposite side of the first slide valve body 42 from the first valve chamber 44, And a coil spring 48 as a biasing member that biases the slide valve body 42 in a direction in which the valve body portion 42A is closed.

  The second main valve 30 blocks the second slide valve body 32 having the main valve body portion 32A, the sub valve body portion 32B, and the large diameter portion 32C, and the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and the second outlet 25. A second valve chamber 34 provided with a main valve seat 35 that contacts and separates the main valve body portion 32A to communicate with, and a second back pressure chamber 37 provided with a sub valve seat 36 that contacts and separates the sub valve body portion 32B. And a coil spring 38 as a biasing member that biases the second slide valve body 32 in a direction in which the main valve body portion 32A is closed and the sub-valve body portion 32B is opened.

  The high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 includes communication passages 39 and 39 (see FIG. 6), the first valve chamber 44, the first slide valve body 42 (the large diameter portion 42C), and its It is also introduced into the first back pressure chamber 47 through the space between the sliding wall surface (common valve hole 71) and between the second slide valve body 32 (large diameter portion 32C thereof) and the sliding wall surface. It is also introduced into the second back pressure chamber 37.

  The first slide valve body 42 of the first main valve 40 has a pilot passage communicating the first back pressure chamber 47 and a downstream portion (on the side of the first outlet 26 and the second main valve 30) from the valve seat 45. (Communication passage) 55 ′ is provided, the pilot passage 55 ′ is opened and closed by the solenoid valve 50, and the pressure downstream of the valve seat 45 is screwed and fixed to the common valve hole 71. The stepped cylindrical valve seat forming member 33 is made to act on the sub-valve body portion 32B of the second slide valve body 32 via the communication passage 33a. The solenoid valve 50 is a well-known general-purpose product, and when not energized, the valve body 53 is pushed down by the biasing spring 54 to close the pilot passage 55 'and energize. Then, the valve body 53 is pulled up toward the suction element 52 so as to open the pilot passage 55 ′.

  On the other hand, the secondary switching valve 120 has substantially the same configuration as that of the above embodiment, but prevents the first valve body 123 and the second valve body 124 from retreating excessively (in order to prevent the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant from acting). ), And they are urged by the urging members 141 and 142 in the direction of pressing each other.

  Even in the main switching valve 70 having such a configuration, when the refrigeration cycle is not operated, the second main valve 30 is closed by the urging force of the coil spring 38 so that the main valve body 32A is closed. 32B is opened, and the first main valve 40 is closed by the biasing force of the coil spring 48, and the solenoid valve 50 is not energized (non-energized), so that the pilot passage 55 'is closed. Is done.

  When the refrigeration cycle is operated and the solenoid valve 50 is not energized (no power), high-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and the pilot valve 55 ′ is closed by the solenoid valve 50. It is done. At this time, the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the high-pressure refrigerant introduction port 23 acts on the large-diameter portion 32C of the second slide valve body 32 of the second main valve 30, whereby the second slide valve body 32 is coiled. The main valve body portion 32A is opened and the sub-valve body portion 32B is closed while the main valve body portion 32A is closed, and the first main valve 40 is less than the internal pressure in the downstream portion from the valve seat 45. Since the internal pressure (back pressure) of the one back pressure chamber 47 becomes higher (the differential pressure becomes larger), the valve body portion 42A of the first slide valve body 42 is closed. Therefore, the high-pressure refrigerant is guided from the second outlet 25 (passage 66) to the second inlet / outlet 12 and discharged to the outside, and passes through the passage 66 through the second inlet 132 of the secondary switching valve 120. It is also guided to the two valve holes 126. On the other hand, the low-pressure refrigerant is introduced from the first inlet / outlet 11 into the first valve hole 125 through the first inlet 131. Therefore, the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet 131 becomes lower than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet 132, the second valve body 124 moves while pushing the first valve body 123, and the valve body portion of the second valve body 124 is While contacting the two valve seats 128, the valve body portion of the first valve body 123 is separated from the first valve seat 27, the second check valve 122 is closed, the first check valve 121 is opened, and the second inlet 132 is opened. Between the first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13, and the low-pressure refrigerant introduced into the first inlet 131 passes through the valve chamber 130. The refrigerant is led out (inhaled) from the refrigerant outlet 13. At this time, the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the second valve hole 126 is retained in a stationary state.

  On the other hand, when the solenoid valve 50 is energized (when energized), high-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23, and the valve body 53 of the solenoid valve 50 is pulled up to open the pilot passage 55 '. It is. As a result, the pressure in the downstream portion of the first main valve 40 from the valve seat 45 increases, and the differential pressure with respect to the first back pressure chamber 47 decreases, and the increased pressure in the downstream portion 41a from the valve seat 45 increases the valve pressure. Since it acts on the sub-valve element 32B of the second slide valve element 32 via the communication passage 33a of the seat forming member 33, the second slide valve element 32 of the second main valve 30 moves to move the main valve element 32A. Is closed, and the sub-valve part 32B is opened, whereby the high-pressure refrigerant is guided from the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 to the first valve chamber 44 of the first main valve 40 through the communication passage 39, It acts on the large-diameter portion 42C of the first slide valve body 42, whereby the first slide valve body 42 moves against the urging force of the coil spring 48, and the valve body portion 42A is opened. Therefore, the high-pressure refrigerant is discharged to the outside from the first inlet / outlet 11 through the first outlet 26 (passage 65) and the first valve hole 125 and the first inlet 131 of the slave switching valve 120. On the other hand, the low-pressure refrigerant is introduced from the second inlet / outlet 12 into the second valve hole 126 through the passage 66 and the second inlet 132. Therefore, the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet 132 becomes lower than the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet 131, the first valve body 123 moves while pushing the second valve body 124, and the valve body portion of the first valve body 123 is The valve body portion of the second valve body 124 is separated from the 21st valve seat 28, the first check valve 121 is closed, the second check valve 122 is opened, and the second inlet 132 is in contact with the first valve seat 127. And the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 communicate with each other, the first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 are blocked, and the low-pressure refrigerant introduced into the second inlet 132 is introduced into the low-pressure refrigerant through the valve chamber 130. It is led out (inhaled) from the outlet 13 to the outside. At this time, the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the first valve hole 125 is led out from the first inlet / outlet 11 without staying there.

  The four-way valve 10 'of the present embodiment having such a configuration is greatly simplified and made compact compared to the above-described embodiment and the conventional four-way valve, and the cost can be reduced. In addition, also in the four-way valve 10 ′ of the present embodiment, a part of the passage forming portion that forms the passages 65 and 66 for guiding the high-pressure refrigerant from the main switching valve 20 to the slave switching valve 120 is a thin cylindrical portion 85 and 86. Therefore, the heat transfer area between the main valve main body portion 14 and the subordinate valve main body portion 15 is reduced, and the main valve main body portion 14 and the subordinate valve main body portion 15 are made of the thin tubular portion 85, Therefore, the amount of heat transfer from the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant (main valve main body portion 14) to the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant (subordinate main body portion 15) is smaller than that of a conventional normal four-way valve.

In addition, when the solenoid valve 50 is closed (when no power is supplied), the low-pressure refrigerant flows in the valve 10 (in the slave valve body 15), but the high-pressure refrigerant in the slave valve body 15 than staying is substantially brought stationary, the amount of heat transferred from the Atsushi Ko high pressure refrigerant to the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant, the conventional ordinary four-way valve to the high pressure refrigerant and low pressure refrigerant are both flowing in the valve Smaller than For this reason, it is possible to achieve a reduction in heat loss equal to or higher than that in the case where a heat insulating means is incorporated in the four-way valve at a lower cost. Note that when the solenoid valve 50 is open (when energized), the high-pressure refrigerant is also flowing through the follower valve body 15, so that the effect of reducing heat loss as in the non-energized state cannot be obtained. However, the cost reduction effect by simplification and compactness, the heat loss reduction effect by reducing the heat transfer area between the main valve main body part 14 and the slave valve main body part 15, and the high-pressure refrigerant is retained at the time of non-energization Considering the heat loss reduction effect due to this, it is highly practical.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the heat insulating member 90 made of resin or the like is disposed on the inner periphery of the outlet passage 68 from the valve chamber 130 of the sub-switching valve 120 to the low pressure refrigerant outlet 13. It is also possible to further enhance the effect of reducing the heat loss.

  When the solenoid valve 5 is open (when energized), the amount of heat transfer from the high pressure to the low pressure is greater than when it is not energized. In addition, when it is desired to further reduce the amount of heat transfer during energization, the heat insulating members 65a and 66a may be disposed on the inner periphery of the passages 65 and 66 and the like.

  In the above embodiment, the coil spring 48, which is the urging member of the first main valve 40, is disposed in the first back pressure chamber 47, and the valve body portion 42A of the first slide valve body 42 is closed. However, instead of this, a coil spring 48, which is an urging member of the first main valve 40, is disposed in the first valve chamber 44 so that the first slide valve body 42 is moved. The valve body portion 42A may be biased in the opening direction.

  By doing so, when the solenoid valve 50 is not energized (when not energized), the biasing force of the coil spring 48 is applied to the first slide valve body 42 in addition to the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant from the inlet 23. Therefore, the valve body portion 42A of the first main valve 40 is opened, and accordingly, the sub-valve body portion 32B of the second main valve 30 is opened and the main valve body portion 32A is closed. The high-pressure refrigerant is guided from the inlet 23 through the first valve chamber 44 to the first outlet 26 (passage 61).

  On the other hand, when the solenoid valve 50 is energized (when energized), the pilot passage 55 (the valve chamber side port 55a) is opened, so that the downstream portion 41a and the first portion of the first main valve 40 from the valve seat 45 are opened. The differential pressure with respect to the back pressure chamber 47 is reduced, and the main valve body portion 32A of the second slide valve body 32 is opened and the sub-valve body portion 32B is closed by the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the inlet 23. Thus, the high-pressure refrigerant is guided to the second outlet 25 (passage 63).

The longitudinal section showing one embodiment of the four-way valve concerning the present invention. CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. (A) is AA arrow sectional drawing of FIG. 1, (B) is BB arrow sectional drawing of FIG. DD sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment of the four-way valve which concerns on this invention. EE arrow sectional drawing of FIG. FF arrow sectional drawing of FIG. The figure which shows an example of the refrigerating cycle in which the conventional four-way valve was used. The figure which is provided for description of the heat loss in the conventional four-way valve shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10, 10 '... Four-way valve 11 ... 1st inlet / outlet 12 ... 2nd inlet / outlet 13 ... Low pressure refrigerant | coolant outlet 14 ... Main valve main-body part 15 ... Subordinate valve main-body part 20, 70 ... Main switching valve 23 ... High-pressure refrigerant inlet 25 ... 2nd outlet 26 ... 1st outlet 30 ... 2nd main valve 32 ... 2nd slide valve body 32A ... Main valve body part 32B ... Sub-valve body part 37 ... 2nd back pressure chamber 40 ... 1st main valve 42 ... First slide valve element 42A ... Valve element 47 ... First back pressure chamber 50 ... Electromagnetic valve 55, 55 '... Pilot passage 120 ... Subordinate switching valve 121 ... First check valve 122 ... Second check valve 123 ... First valve Body 124 ... Second valve body 125 ... First valve hole 126 ... Second valve hole 127 ... First valve seat 128 ... Second valve seat 131 ... First inlet 132 ... Second inlet

Claims (13)

A four-way valve used in a refrigeration cycle, etc., which is provided with a first inlet / outlet and a second inlet / outlet used for derivation of high-pressure refrigerant and introduction of low-pressure refrigerant, a high-pressure refrigerant inlet for introducing high-pressure refrigerant, and electromagnetic A main valve main body provided with a main switching valve provided with a valve for guiding the high-pressure refrigerant from the high-pressure refrigerant inlet to either the first inlet / outlet or the second inlet / outlet according to opening / closing of the electromagnetic valve; A low-pressure refrigerant outlet for deriving a low-pressure refrigerant, and communicating the low-pressure refrigerant outlet with either the first inlet / outlet or the second inlet / outlet according to the operating state of the main switching valve. A slave valve body portion provided with a switching valve, and a part of the passage forming portion that forms a passage for guiding the high-pressure refrigerant from the main switching valve to the slave switching valve is constituted by a pipe or a thin cylindrical portion, The main valve body and the slave valve body are the pipe or It is separated via a wall tubular portion,
A part of the passage forming portion that forms a passage for guiding the high-pressure refrigerant from the main switching valve to the first inlet / outlet is configured by a pipe or a thin cylindrical portion, and the high-pressure refrigerant is supplied from the main switching valve to the second A part of the passage forming portion that forms the passage leading to the entrance / exit is composed of a pipe or a thin cylindrical portion,
The four-way valve is characterized in that the high-pressure refrigerant guided to the slave valve main body portion stays stationary in any one of the valve holes at both ends of the slave switching valve.   The main switching valve has a high-pressure refrigerant inlet, and a first outlet and a second outlet through which the refrigerant from the high-pressure refrigerant inlet is selectively guided through the first main valve or the second main valve. The first main valve is provided between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the first outlet, and the second main valve is provided between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the second outlet, An electromagnetic valve for reducing the differential pressure between the back pressure acting on the one main valve and the pressure on the first outlet side is provided, and when the differential pressure is reduced, the first main valve is opened. The four-way valve according to claim 1, wherein the second main valve is closed, or the first main valve is closed and the second main valve is opened. The first main valve is provided with a first slide valve body having a valve body portion, and a valve seat that contacts and separates the valve body portion so as to cut off and communicate between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the first outlet. The first valve chamber, the first back pressure chamber provided on the opposite side of the first slide valve body from the first valve chamber, and the slide valve body in a direction in which the valve body portion is closed or opened. A biasing member that biases
The second main valve is connected to the second slide valve body having a main valve body portion and a sub-valve body portion, and the main valve body portion is connected so as to cut off and communicate between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the second outlet. A second valve chamber provided with a main valve seat to be separated, a second back pressure chamber provided with a sub valve seat to which the sub valve body portion comes into contact with and separated from, and the main valve body portion is closed; An urging member that urges the second slide valve body in a direction in which the portion is opened,
A pilot passage that communicates the first back pressure chamber of the first main valve with a portion downstream from the valve seat is provided, the pilot passage is opened and closed by the electromagnetic valve, and from the valve seat The four-way valve according to claim 2 , wherein the pressure in the downstream portion is applied to the sub-valve part of the second slide valve body. The first main valve is provided with a first slide valve body having a valve body portion, and a valve seat that contacts and separates the valve body portion so as to cut off and communicate between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the first outlet. The first valve chamber, the first back pressure chamber provided on the opposite side of the first slide valve body from the first valve chamber, and the slide valve body in the direction in which the valve body portion is closed. An urging member for energizing,
The second main valve is connected to the second slide valve body having a main valve body portion and a sub-valve body portion, and the main valve body portion is connected so as to cut off and communicate between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the second outlet. A second valve chamber provided with a main valve seat to be separated, a second back pressure chamber provided with a sub valve seat to which the sub valve body portion comes into contact with and separated from, and the main valve body portion is closed; An urging member that urges the second slide valve body in a direction in which the portion is opened,
The first slide valve body is provided with a pilot passage that communicates the first back pressure chamber and a portion downstream from the valve seat, and the pilot passage is opened and closed by the electromagnetic valve, and the valve The four-way valve according to claim 2 , wherein a pressure in a portion downstream from the seat is applied to the sub-valve element of the second slide valve element. The four-way valve according to claim 4 , wherein the first main valve, the second main valve, and the electromagnetic valve are disposed on the same axis.   The secondary switching valve includes a first inlet and a second inlet through which refrigerant is introduced, a low-pressure refrigerant outlet for selectively deriving low-pressure refrigerant from the first inlet and the second inlet, the first inlet, A first check valve provided between the low-pressure refrigerant outlet and a second check valve provided between the second inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet. When the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet is higher than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet, the two check valve allows the second inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet to communicate with each other, and the first inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet When the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet is lower than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet, the first inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet are communicated, and the second inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant It should be designed to block the outlet. Four-way valve according to claim 1, wherein the. The first check valve includes a first valve hole that communicates with the first inlet, a first valve body that is slidably inserted into the first valve hole, and a first valve body that contacts and separates. A first valve chamber that communicates with the low-pressure refrigerant outlet, and the second check valve has a second valve hole that communicates with the second inlet, and the second valve A second valve body that is slidably inserted into the hole, a second valve seat that contacts and separates the second valve body, and a second valve chamber that communicates with the low-pressure refrigerant outlet. The four-way valve according to claim 6 , wherein: It said first check valve and the second check valve, according to claim 7, characterized in that their tip is disposed on the same axis so as to contact pairs being adapted to mechanically interlock Four-way valve. A gap for guiding the low-pressure refrigerant to the low-pressure refrigerant outlet is formed between the first valve body and the first valve hole and between the second valve body and the second valve hole in the slave switching valve. The four-way valve according to claim 7 .   When the solenoid valve is either open or closed, high-pressure refrigerant is led out from the first inlet / outlet, led to the first inlet of the slave switching valve, and retained there, and When the low-pressure refrigerant is led out from the second inlet / outlet through the second inlet of the slave switching valve and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet, and the electromagnetic valve is either open or closed, the high-pressure refrigerant is 2 is led to the outside from the inlet / outlet and is led to the second inlet of the slave switching valve and is retained therein, and the low-pressure refrigerant flows from the first inlet / outlet to the first inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant of the slave switching valve. The four-way valve according to claim 1, wherein the four-way valve is configured to be led out to the outside through a lead-out port.   When the first inlet / outlet is provided in the slave valve main body and the solenoid valve is either open or closed, the high-pressure refrigerant is guided to the slave switching valve and the first inlet / outlet is connected to the slave valve main body through the first inlet. 1 is led out from the inlet / outlet, and the low pressure refrigerant is led out from the second inlet / outlet through the second inlet and the low pressure refrigerant outlet of the slave switching valve, and the electromagnetic valve is opened or closed. Or the other, the high-pressure refrigerant is led out from the second inlet / outlet, led to the second inlet of the slave switching valve, and retained there, and the low-pressure refrigerant from the first inlet / outlet. 2. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the second switching valve is led out to the outside through a first inlet and a low-pressure refrigerant outlet, and is introduced into the main valve body to be retained. The four-way valve described.   The four-way valve according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulating member is disposed on an inner periphery of the passage forming portion.   2. The four-way valve according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulating member is disposed on an inner periphery of a lead-out passage extending from the valve chamber of the secondary switching valve to the low-pressure refrigerant lead-out port.

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