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JP4737579B2 - Compressor blades - Google Patents
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JP4737579B2 - Compressor blades - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4737579B2
JP4737579B2 JP2001120593A JP2001120593A JP4737579B2 JP 4737579 B2 JP4737579 B2 JP 4737579B2 JP 2001120593 A JP2001120593 A JP 2001120593A JP 2001120593 A JP2001120593 A JP 2001120593A JP 4737579 B2 JP4737579 B2 JP 4737579B2
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blade
rough
compressor
surface roughness
back side
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JP2002317797A (en
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嗣治 中野
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IHI Corp
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IHI Corp
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、層流剥離泡の発生と乱流境界層の発達を抑制する圧縮機翼に関する
【0002】
【従来の技術】
図9はターボジェットエンジンの模式的構成図であり、空気取入口1、圧縮機2、燃焼器3、ガスタービン4、アフターバーナ5、ジェットノズル6、等を備えている。かかるターボジェットエンジンでは、空気を空気取入口1から導入し、圧縮機2でこの空気を圧縮し、燃焼器3内で燃料を燃焼させて高温の燃焼ガスを発生させ、発生した燃焼ガスでガスタービン4を駆動し、このガスタービン4で圧縮機2を駆動し、アフターバーナ5でタービンを出た排ガスにより燃料を再度燃焼させ、高温の燃焼排ガスをジェットノズル6で膨張させて後方に噴出し、推力を発生するようになっている。この構成は、ターボジェットエンジン以外のジェットエンジンでも同様である。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述したジェットエンジンやその他のガスタービンにおいて、圧縮機を構成する動翼や静翼(以下、単に翼という)の表面は、従来全体が一定の表面粗さに形成されていた。しかし、翼表面全体の表面粗さが細かい(滑らな)場合、翼の背側の前半部分で層流剥離泡が生じ、圧力損失が大きくなる問題点があった。また、この層流剥離泡は、表面粗さを粗くすることにより減らすことができるが、この場合には翼の後半部分において乱流境界層が発達し、翼全体の圧力損失を減らすことができない。
【0004】
すなわち、低レイノルズ数領域で作動する翼列では、層流剥離泡に起因した大きな剥離が起こり、大きな圧力損失を生ずる。また、圧縮機の場合に、この層流剥離により、設計時のレイノルズ数に対しるサージ線の低下を招き、サージ余裕が減少する。このため、通常のレイノルズ数では問題にならないような作動条件においても圧縮機の作動が不安定になってしまい、遂にはエンジン全体が不安定となるおそれがあった。
【0005】
本発明はかかる問題点を解決するために創案されたものである。すなわち、本発明は、低レイノルズ数領域における層流剥離泡の発生と乱流境界層の発達を抑制して圧縮機の効率を向上させるとともに、サージ余裕の減少を防止し、圧縮機の安定作動領域を確保することができる圧縮機翼を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
参考例によれば、翼の前縁から背側の前半部分に、翼の後半部分に比較して表面粗さが相対的に粗い粗面(9)を有する、ことを特徴とする圧縮機翼が提供される。
【0007】
また、参考例によれば、圧縮機翼の前縁から背側の前半部分の少なくとも一部の表面粗さを粗く形成し、翼の後半部分の表面粗さを細かく形成する、ことを特徴とする圧縮機翼の圧力損失低減方法が提供される。
【0008】
上記参考例の方法及び装置によれば、翼背側の前半部分の粗い表面粗さにより層流剥離泡が抑えられ、かつ翼後半部分では表面粗さが細かいので乱流境界層の発達が抑えられる。その結果、翼の圧力損失を低減できる。
【0009】
参考例の好ましい実施形態によれば、翼の前縁から背側の弦長の約60%付近までに表面粗さがRa=1.6〜0.8aの粗面(9)を有し、翼の後半部分に表面粗さが相対的に滑らかな滑面(10)を有する。
【0010】
この構成により、翼の前縁(L/E)から背側の弦長の約60%付近までの領域において、Ra=1.6〜0.8aの相対的に粗い粗面(9)により、翼背側の前半部分で層流剥離泡を効果的に抑えることができる。また、翼の後半部分を相対的に滑らかな滑面(10)とすることにより、翼後半部分で乱流境界層の発達を効果的に抑えることができる。
【0011】
本発明によれば、翼の前縁から背側の翼面速度のピーク部までに表面粗さが相対的に滑らかな前縁滑面(10a)を有し、前記ピーク部から背側の弦長の約60%付近までに表面粗さがRa=1.6〜0.8aの粗面(9)を有し、翼の後半部分に表面粗さが相対的に滑らかな後縁滑面(10b)を有する、ことを特徴とする圧縮機翼が提供される
【0012】
このように、前側部分を全部粗くするのではなく、加速領域であり、乱れ度が生じにくい前縁(L/E)から背側の翼面速度のピーク部までを相対的に滑らかな前縁滑面(10a)とすることで、この部分の抵抗を低減することができる。また、背側の翼面速度のピーク部から背側の弦長の約60%付近までを表面粗さRa=1.6〜0.8aの相対的に粗い粗面(9)とすることで、層流剥離泡を効果的に抑えられる。更に、翼の後半部分を表面粗さが相対的に滑らかな後縁滑面(10b)とすることで、全体の圧損を抑え、かつ効率向上を図ることができる。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の好ましい実施形態を図面を参照して説明する。なお、各図において共通する部分には同一の符号を付して使用する。
【0014】
図1(A)は、参考例による圧縮機翼の模式的断面図であり、図1(B)は、本発明による圧縮機翼の模式的断面図である。図1(A)において、参考例の圧縮機翼7は、翼の前縁8(L/E、リーディングエッジ)から背側の前半部分に、翼の後半部分に比較して表面粗さが相対的に粗い粗面9を有する。更に、具体的には、翼の前縁8から背側の弦長の約60%付近までに表面粗さRa=1.6〜0.8aの粗面9を有し、翼の後半部分に表面粗さが相対的に滑らかな滑面10を有する。この構成により、後述するように、翼背側の前半部分の粗い表面粗さにより層流剥離泡が抑えられ、翼後半部分では表面粗さが細かいので乱流境界層の発達が抑えられる。その結果、翼の圧力損失を低減できる。
【0015】
また、図1(B)では、翼の前縁8から背側の翼面速度のピーク部Aまでに相対的に滑らかな前縁滑面10aを有し、背側の翼面速度のピーク部Aから背側の弦長の約60%付近までに表面粗さがRa=1.6〜0.8aの相対的に粗い粗面9を有し、翼の後半部分に表面粗さが相対的に滑らかな後縁滑面10bを有する。
すなわち、前側部分を全部粗くするのではなく、加速領域であり、乱れ度が生じにくい前縁(L/E)から背側の翼面速度のピーク部までを相対的に滑らかな表面10a(滑面)とすることで、この部分の抵抗を低減できる。また、背側の翼面速度のピーク部から背側の弦長の約60%付近までに表面粗さがRa=1.6〜0.8aの相対的に粗い表面9(粗面)とすることで、図1(A)と同様に層流剥離泡を効果的に抑えられる。更に、翼の後半部分を表面粗さが相対的に滑らかな表面10b(滑面)とすることで、乱流境界層の発達が抑えられる。その結果、全体の圧損を抑え、かつ効率向上を図ることができる。
【0016】
【実施例】
図2のような圧縮機翼列について、全体が滑らかなSmooth翼(1種)と、翼面を粗くしたRough翼(3種)の計4種類の翼を製作し性能試験を行った。Rough翼は、B1,B2,B3の3種であり、B1が最も粗く、B3が最も滑らかである。翼の設計レイノルズ数(Re)は450000である。
【0017】
図3は、各翼の翼面マッハ数分布図である。Re=300000、450000では各翼に差はなく、X/L=0.42〜0.64の部分に層流剥離が見られる。Re=600000では層流剥離泡が各翼で異なっている。Smooth翼に対してRough翼B3では剥離泡が小さくなっており、B2では更に小さくなり、B1では層流剥離泡が無くなっている。Re=800000では最も粗いB1でX/L=0.7付近から大きな乱流剥離が生じている。このときB1より滑らかなB2では、乱流剥離泡は小さく(X/L=0.88)なっている。Re=1000000では、これらの傾向がより顕著に現れている。
【0018】
図4は、各翼の圧力損失のReに対する変化を示す図である。B1ではRe=600000において層流剥離が抑えられているものの、圧力損失は若干増えている。B1の圧損はRe=800000になると大きく増加しているが、これは前述した大きな乱流剥離によっている。B2とB3の圧損増加はReに対して直線的であるが、B3の増加率はB2に対して小さい。
【0019】
図5は、Re450000と600000における境界層計測結果である。流入角は設計角度である。各翼の境界層厚さδはRe600000において、異なっている。粗いB1,B2ではかなり大きく、またB3でもSmooth翼よりは大きくなっている。排除厚(δ1)からは、層流剥離泡が粗い形態において小さく抑えられていることがわかる。また後縁(T/E)での排除厚は粗い形態で大きくなっている。形状係数H12の図は境界層の特性を示している。Re=450000においてはSmooth翼とB3翼のX/L=0.4付近に形状係数が3を越えている部分があるが、これが層流剥離を示している。このとき、粗いB1,B2では形状係数の増加は見られず、粗いことによって層流剥離が抑えられていることがわかる。その一方で、T/E付近にて粗い翼ほど形状係数が大きくなっているのは乱流剥離が起きつつあることを示している。
【0020】
図6はRe=450000における乱れ度である。左端の図はX/L=0.56における乱れ度の分布であり、この位置は層流剥離が発生する位置に相当している。粗いB1では、Smooth翼に対して壁面近くの乱れ度が小さくなっており、このことからも層流剥離が抑えられていることがわかる。X/L=0.76においてはB1の壁付近における乱れが強くなり出していることがわかり、X/L=0.99(翼後縁)ではB1の境界層内の乱れ度は非常に大きくなっている。X/L=0.99の乱れは、B2ではあまり大きくなく、B3ではSmooth翼とほぼ同じ程度である。これらの結果から、表面粗さには層流剥離を抑える効果と、乱流剥離を発達させる効果があることが分かる。
【0021】
図7は、入射角の変化に対する翼面マッハ数の変化を示す図である。Re=450000の流入角129度と132度ではどの粗さの翼でも層流剥離泡を経て乱流へ遷移している。しかし、流入角140度では翼の前縁から乱流境界層になっており後縁部分で乱流剥離が起きている。この乱流剥離は粗い翼ほど大きい。Re=600000の流入角129度と132度では最も粗いB1においてのみ層流剥離が抑えられている。Re=800000では流入角129度と132度において、全ての粗さの翼で層流剥離が無くなっている。このとき、最も粗いB1では大きな乱流剥離が起きている。
【0022】
図8はSmooth翼に対する圧損増加量の流入角に対する変化である。高Re域でのB1の圧損が流入角129度と132度においてもかなり大きいがこれは先に述べた乱流剥離による。B3は層流剥離にも乱流境界層にも影響しないので圧損の増加は小さい。
【0023】
以上の試験結果から以下のことがわかる。
(1)Smooth翼の層流剥離域での排除厚がより大きいことから、粗い翼では層流剥離の程度を小さくすることができる。
(2)粗い翼では、層流剥離を抑えることはできるものの、乱流境界層の影響で圧力損失は小さくならない。
(3)高Re領域では、粗い翼では乱流剥離が起こる。
(4)入射角が設計値以下の場合には、境界層に対する粗さの影響は圧損への影響と似ている。入射角が大きい場合、境界層は粗さに対して敏感に変化する。
(5)粗さによる圧損の増加量は粗さの高さに支配される。
(6)圧縮機翼例周りの流れ場は粗さの効果に対して大きく影響する。このことから平板周りの流れ場から得られた結果を圧縮機翼列に適用することができないことが分かる。
【0024】
上述した方法及び装置によれば、翼背側の前半部分の粗い表面粗さにより層流剥離泡が抑えられ、かつ翼後半部分では表面粗さが細かいので乱流境界層の発達が抑えられる。その結果、翼の圧力損失を低減できる。
【0025】
また、特に、図1(A)の参考例により、翼の前縁(L/E)から背側の弦長の約60%付近までの領域において、Ra=1.6〜0.8aの相対的に粗い粗面(9)により、翼背側の前半部分で層流剥離泡を効果的に抑えることができる。また、翼の後半部分を相対的に滑らかな滑面(10)とすることにより、翼後半部分で乱流境界層の発達を効果的に抑えることができる。
【0026】
更に、図1(B)の実施形態により、前側部分を全部粗くするのではなく、加速領域であり、乱れ度が生じにくい前縁(L/E)から背側の翼面速度のピーク部までを相対的に滑らかな前縁滑面(10a)とすることで、この部分の抵抗を低減することができる。また、背側の翼面速度のピーク部から背側の弦長の約60%付近までを表面粗さRa=1.6〜0.8aの相対的に粗い粗面(9)とすることで、層流剥離泡を効果的に抑えられる。更に、翼の後半部分を表面粗さが相対的に滑らかな後縁滑面(10b)とすることで、全体の圧損を抑え、かつ効率向上を図ることができる。
【0027】
なお、本発明は上述した実施形態に限定されず、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変更できることは勿論である。
【0028】
【発明の効果】
上述したように、本発明の圧縮機翼は、低レイノルズ数領域における層流剥離泡の発生と乱流境界層の発達を抑制して圧縮機の効率を向上させるとともに、サージ余裕の減少を防止し、圧縮機の安定作動領域を確保することができる等の優れた効果を有する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】参考例と本発明による圧縮機翼の模式的断面図である。
【図2】圧縮機翼列の模式図である。
【図3】各翼の翼面マッハ数分布図である。
【図4】各翼の圧力損失のReに対する変化を示す図である。
【図5】Re450000と600000における境界層計測結果である。
【図6】Re=450000における乱れ度である。
【図7】入射角の変化に対する翼面マッハ数の変化を示す図である。
【図8】Smooth翼に対する圧損増加量の流入角に対する変化である。
【図9】ターボジェットエンジンの模式的構成図である。
【符号の説明】
1 空気取入口、2 圧縮機、3 燃焼器、4 ガスタービン、5 アフターバーナ、6 ジェットノズル、7 圧縮機翼、8 前縁(L/E)、9 粗面、10 滑面、10a 前縁滑面、10b 後縁滑面
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to suppressing the compressor blades of the development of generation and turbulent boundary layer of laminar separation bubbles.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a turbojet engine, which includes an air intake 1, a compressor 2, a combustor 3, a gas turbine 4, an after burner 5, a jet nozzle 6, and the like. In such a turbojet engine, air is introduced from the air intake 1, the air is compressed by the compressor 2, the fuel is combusted in the combustor 3 to generate high-temperature combustion gas, and the generated combustion gas is used as a gas. The turbine 4 is driven, the compressor 2 is driven by the gas turbine 4, the fuel is burned again by the exhaust gas discharged from the turbine by the afterburner 5, and the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas is expanded by the jet nozzle 6 and ejected backward. , To generate thrust. This configuration is the same for jet engines other than turbojet engines.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-described jet engine and other gas turbines, the surfaces of the moving blades and stationary blades (hereinafter simply referred to as blades) constituting the compressor are conventionally formed with a constant surface roughness. However, when the surface roughness of the entire blade surface is fine (smooth), there is a problem that laminar flow separation bubbles are generated in the first half portion on the back side of the blade and pressure loss is increased. In addition, this laminar flow separation bubble can be reduced by increasing the surface roughness, but in this case, a turbulent boundary layer develops in the latter half of the blade, and the pressure loss of the entire blade cannot be reduced. .
[0004]
That is, in the cascade operating in the low Reynolds number region, large separation due to laminar flow separation bubbles occurs, resulting in large pressure loss. Further, in the case of a compressor, this laminar flow separation causes a drop in surge lines with respect to the Reynolds number at the time of design, and the surge margin is reduced. For this reason, the operation of the compressor becomes unstable even under an operating condition that does not cause a problem with a normal Reynolds number, and the entire engine may eventually become unstable.
[0005]
The present invention has been made to solve such problems. That is, the present invention improves the efficiency of the compressor by suppressing the generation of laminar separation bubbles and the development of the turbulent boundary layer in the low Reynolds number region, and prevents the surge margin from being reduced, so that the compressor operates stably. An object of the present invention is to provide a compressor blade capable of securing an area.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the reference example , a compressor blade characterized by having a rough surface (9) whose surface roughness is relatively rough compared to the latter half portion of the blade in the first half portion from the leading edge of the blade to the back side. Is provided.
[0007]
Further, according to the reference example , it is characterized in that the surface roughness of at least a part of the first half part on the back side from the front edge of the compressor blade is roughly formed, and the surface roughness of the latter half part of the blade is finely formed. A compressor blade pressure loss reduction method is provided.
[0008]
According to the method and apparatus of the above reference example , laminar separation bubbles are suppressed by the rough surface roughness of the front half of the blade back side, and the development of the turbulent boundary layer is suppressed because the surface roughness is fine in the latter half of the blade. It is done. As a result, the pressure loss of the blade can be reduced.
[0009]
According to a preferred embodiment of the reference example , a rough surface (9) having a surface roughness Ra = 1.6 to 0.8a is provided from the leading edge of the wing to about 60% of the chord length on the dorsal side, The latter half of the wing has a smooth surface (10) having a relatively smooth surface roughness.
[0010]
With this configuration, in the region from the leading edge (L / E) of the wing to about 60% of the chord length on the dorsal side, a relatively rough rough surface (9) with Ra = 1.6 to 0.8a, Laminar flow separation bubbles can be effectively suppressed in the first half of the blade back side. Further, by making the latter half of the blade a relatively smooth smooth surface (10), the development of the turbulent boundary layer can be effectively suppressed in the latter half of the blade.
[0011]
According to the present invention, the leading edge smooth surface (10a) having a relatively smooth surface roughness is provided from the leading edge of the blade to the peak portion of the blade surface speed on the back side, and the chord on the back side from the peak portion. A rough surface (9) having a surface roughness Ra = 1.6 to 0.8a up to about 60% of the length, and a trailing edge smooth surface having a relatively smooth surface roughness in the latter half of the wing ( A compressor blade characterized in that it has 10b).
[0012]
In this way, the front portion is not roughened entirely, but is an acceleration region, and a relatively smooth leading edge from the leading edge (L / E) where the degree of turbulence hardly occurs to the peak portion of the blade surface speed on the back side. By setting it as a smooth surface (10a), the resistance of this part can be reduced. Further, by setting the surface roughness Ra = 1.6 to 0.8a to a relatively rough surface (9) from the peak portion of the wing surface speed on the back side to about 60% of the chord length on the back side. , Laminar separation foam can be effectively suppressed. Furthermore, by making the rear half of the blade a trailing edge smooth surface (10b) having a relatively smooth surface roughness, the overall pressure loss can be suppressed and efficiency can be improved.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and used for the common part in each figure.
[0014]
1A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a compressor blade according to a reference example, and FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a compressor blade according to the present invention. In FIG. 1A, the compressor blade 7 of the reference example has a relative surface roughness relative to the back half of the blade from the leading edge 8 (L / E, leading edge) of the blade compared to the latter half of the blade. The surface 9 is rough. More specifically, a rough surface 9 having a surface roughness Ra = 1.6 to 0.8a is provided from the leading edge 8 of the wing to about 60% of the chord length on the dorsal side. The smooth surface 10 has a relatively smooth surface roughness. With this configuration, as will be described later, laminar separation bubbles are suppressed by the rough surface roughness of the front half of the blade back side, and the development of the turbulent boundary layer is suppressed because the surface roughness is fine in the latter half of the blade. As a result, the pressure loss of the blade can be reduced.
[0015]
In FIG. 1B, a relatively smooth leading edge sliding surface 10a is provided from the leading edge 8 of the blade to the peak portion A of the blade surface velocity on the back side, and the peak portion of the blade surface velocity on the back side. From A to about 60% of the chord length on the back side, there is a relatively rough surface 9 with a surface roughness Ra = 1.6 to 0.8a, and the surface roughness is relative to the latter half of the wing. The rear edge smooth surface 10b is smooth.
That is, the entire front side portion is not roughened, but is a relatively smooth surface 10a (sliding) from the leading edge (L / E), which is an acceleration region, where the degree of turbulence is less likely to occur, to the peak portion of the blade surface speed on the back side. Surface), the resistance of this portion can be reduced. Further, a relatively rough surface 9 (rough surface) having a surface roughness Ra = 1.6 to 0.8a from the peak portion of the back side blade surface speed to about 60% of the chord length on the back side. Thus, laminar flow separation bubbles can be effectively suppressed as in FIG. Furthermore, the development of the turbulent boundary layer can be suppressed by making the latter half of the blade a surface 10b (smooth surface) having a relatively smooth surface roughness. As a result, overall pressure loss can be suppressed and efficiency can be improved.
[0016]
【Example】
For the compressor blade row as shown in FIG. 2, four types of blades were manufactured, a smooth blade (1 type) with a smooth overall and a rough blade (3 types) with a rough blade surface, and performance tests were performed. There are three types of Rough blades B1, B2, and B3, with B1 being the coarsest and B3 being the smoothest. The design Reynolds number (Re) of the wing is 450,000.
[0017]
FIG. 3 is a wing surface Mach number distribution map of each wing. At Re = 300,000 and 450,000, there is no difference between the blades, and laminar flow separation is observed in the portion of X / L = 0.42 to 0.64. At Re = 600,000, laminar separation bubbles are different for each blade. The Rough wing B3 has a smaller separation bubble than the Smooth wing, B2 has a smaller separation bubble, and B1 has no laminar separation bubble. At Re = 800,000, the largest turbulent flow separation occurs from the vicinity of X / L = 0.7 at the roughest B1. At this time, in B2, which is smoother than B1, the turbulent separation bubble is small (X / L = 0.88). At Re = 1000000, these tendencies appear more remarkably.
[0018]
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a change in pressure loss of each blade with respect to Re. In B1, although laminar flow separation is suppressed at Re = 600,000, the pressure loss is slightly increased. The pressure loss of B1 greatly increases when Re = 800000, which is due to the large turbulent separation described above. The increase in pressure loss of B2 and B3 is linear with respect to Re, but the increase rate of B3 is small with respect to B2.
[0019]
FIG. 5 shows boundary layer measurement results at Re 450,000 and 600000. The inflow angle is a design angle. The boundary layer thickness δ of each blade is different at Re 600000. Coarse B1 and B2 are considerably larger, and B3 is larger than the Smooth wing. From the excluded thickness (δ1), it can be seen that the laminar flow separation bubbles are kept small in the rough form. Further, the excluded thickness at the trailing edge (T / E) is large in a rough form. FIG shape factor H 12 shows the characteristics of the boundary layer. At Re = 450,000, there is a portion where the shape factor exceeds 3 near X / L = 0.4 of the Smooth blade and the B3 blade, which indicates laminar flow separation. At this time, the increase in the shape factor is not observed in the rough B1 and B2, and it is understood that the laminar flow separation is suppressed due to the rough shape. On the other hand, the larger the shape factor of the rougher blade near T / E, the turbulent separation is occurring.
[0020]
FIG. 6 shows the degree of disturbance at Re = 450,000. The figure at the left end shows the turbulence distribution at X / L = 0.56, and this position corresponds to the position where laminar flow separation occurs. In rough B1, the degree of turbulence near the wall surface with respect to the Smooth wing is small, and this also shows that laminar flow separation is suppressed. It can be seen that at X / L = 0.76, the turbulence near the wall of B1 starts to increase, and at X / L = 0.99 (blade trailing edge), the degree of turbulence in the boundary layer of B1 is very large. It has become. The disturbance of X / L = 0.99 is not so large in B2, and is almost the same as that in the Smooth wing in B3. From these results, it can be seen that the surface roughness has the effect of suppressing laminar flow separation and the effect of developing turbulent flow separation.
[0021]
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a change in blade surface Mach number with respect to a change in incident angle. At an inflow angle of 129 degrees and 132 degrees at Re = 450,000, any wing of any roughness transitions to turbulent flow through laminar separation bubbles. However, at an inflow angle of 140 degrees, a turbulent boundary layer is formed from the leading edge of the blade, and turbulent separation occurs at the trailing edge portion. This turbulent separation is larger for coarse wings. At an inflow angle of 129 degrees and 132 degrees at Re = 600,000, laminar flow separation is suppressed only at the roughest B1. When Re = 800,000, laminar separation is eliminated in all roughness blades at inflow angles of 129 degrees and 132 degrees. At this time, large turbulent flow separation occurs in the coarsest B1.
[0022]
FIG. 8 shows the change of the pressure loss increase amount with respect to the Smooth blade with respect to the inflow angle. The pressure loss of B1 in the high Re region is considerably large at the inflow angles of 129 degrees and 132 degrees, but this is due to the turbulent flow separation described above. Since B3 does not affect the laminar flow separation or the turbulent boundary layer, the increase in pressure loss is small.
[0023]
The following can be understood from the above test results.
(1) Since the excluded thickness in the laminar flow separation region of the Smooth blade is larger, the degree of laminar flow separation can be reduced with a rough blade.
(2) With a rough blade, laminar separation can be suppressed, but the pressure loss is not reduced by the influence of the turbulent boundary layer.
(3) In the high Re region, turbulent flow separation occurs with a rough blade.
(4) When the incident angle is less than or equal to the design value, the effect of roughness on the boundary layer is similar to the effect on pressure loss. When the incident angle is large, the boundary layer changes sensitively to roughness.
(5) The amount of increase in pressure loss due to roughness is governed by the height of roughness.
(6) The flow field around the compressor blade example greatly affects the effect of roughness. This shows that the result obtained from the flow field around the flat plate cannot be applied to the compressor cascade.
[0024]
According to the method and apparatus described above, laminar separation bubbles are suppressed by the rough surface roughness of the front half of the blade back side, and the development of the turbulent boundary layer is suppressed because the surface roughness is fine in the latter half of the blade. As a result, the pressure loss of the blade can be reduced.
[0025]
In particular, according to the reference example of FIG. 1 (A), in the region from the leading edge (L / E) of the wing to about 60% of the chord length on the dorsal side, a relative value of Ra = 1.6 to 0.8a is obtained. The rough rough surface (9) can effectively suppress laminar separation bubbles in the first half of the blade back side. Further, by making the latter half of the blade a relatively smooth smooth surface (10), the development of the turbulent boundary layer can be effectively suppressed in the latter half of the blade.
[0026]
Further, according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 (B), from the leading edge (L / E), which is an acceleration region and is less likely to cause turbulence, to the peak portion of the blade speed on the back side, rather than roughening the entire front portion. By making the relatively smooth front edge smooth surface (10a), the resistance of this portion can be reduced. Further, by setting the surface roughness Ra = 1.6 to 0.8a to a relatively rough surface (9) from the peak portion of the wing surface speed on the back side to about 60% of the chord length on the back side. , Laminar separation foam can be effectively suppressed. Furthermore, by making the rear half of the blade a trailing edge smooth surface (10b) having a relatively smooth surface roughness, the overall pressure loss can be suppressed and efficiency can be improved.
[0027]
In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, Of course, it can change variously in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the compressor blade of the present invention improves the efficiency of the compressor by suppressing the generation of laminar flow separation bubbles and the development of the turbulent boundary layer in the low Reynolds number region, and prevents the reduction of the surge margin. And, it has excellent effects such as ensuring a stable operation region of the compressor.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a reference example and a compressor blade according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a compressor cascade.
FIG. 3 is a wing surface Mach number distribution chart of each wing.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a change in pressure loss of each blade with respect to Re.
FIG. 5 shows boundary layer measurement results at Re 450,000 and 600,000.
FIG. 6 shows the degree of disturbance at Re = 450,000.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a change in blade Mach number with respect to a change in incident angle.
FIG. 8 is a change with respect to an inflow angle of an increase in pressure loss with respect to a Smooth blade.
FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a turbojet engine.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Air intake, 2 Compressor, 3 Combustor, 4 Gas turbine, 5 After burner, 6 Jet nozzle, 7 Compressor blade, 8 Leading edge (L / E), 9 Rough surface, 10 Smooth surface, 10a Leading edge Smooth surface, 10b trailing edge smooth surface

Claims (1)

翼の前縁から背側の翼面速度のピーク部までに表面粗さが相対的に滑らかな前縁滑面(10a)を有し、前記ピーク部から背側の弦長の約60%付近までに表面粗さがRa=1.6〜0.8aの粗面(9)を有し、翼の後半部分に表面粗さが相対的に滑らかな後縁滑面(10b)を有する、ことを特徴とする圧縮機翼。  A leading edge smooth surface (10a) having a relatively smooth surface roughness from the leading edge of the wing to the peak portion of the wing surface speed on the back side, and about 60% of the chord length on the back side from the peak portion A rough surface (9) having a surface roughness of Ra = 1.6 to 0.8a and a trailing edge smooth surface (10b) having a relatively smooth surface roughness in the latter half of the blade. Compressor blade characterized by.
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DE102006019946B4 (en) * 2006-04-28 2016-12-22 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Airfoil profile for an axial flow compressor that can reduce losses in the range of low Reynolds numbers
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