JP4740211B2 - Motor using permanent magnet - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a motor structure suitable for a motor using a permanent magnet, particularly a linear motor.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a synchronous linear motor according to the prior art. FIG. 14, FIG. 15, FIG. 16, and FIG. 17 show a conventional linear motor disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3344645 by the applicants in order to solve the problems of the synchronous linear motor. 15 shows a cross section AA of FIG. 14, and FIG. 15 shows a cross section BB of FIG. FIG. 17 is a side view of the mover 3 of FIG. 14 and a view of the mover 3 as viewed from below.

  Features of the conventional synchronous linear motor will be described. In FIG. 13, reference numeral 63 denotes a mover, and 67 denotes a slot indicated by S <b> 1 to S <b> 12 provided in the mover 63. AC winding is wound. 65 is a movable salient pole, 61 is a stator, and 64 is a permanent magnet arranged alternately on the surface of the stator with N and S poles.

  In general, the force F generated by one turn of the motor is expressed as F = B · I · L by Fleming's law. Here, B is the magnetic flux density, I is the current, L is the length of the effective wire, and the power P is P = F · dX / dt. X is the position in the moving direction of the mover, and dX / dt is the moving speed of the mover.

  Electrically, the power P is expressed as P = V · I = dф / dt · I, where V is the voltage. ф is a magnetic flux interlinking with a one-turn winding. If the change in the magnetic energy inside the linear motor is ignored, P = F · dX / dt = dф / dt · I from both equations, and the generated thrust F of the linear motor is F = dф / dX · I. The thrust F generated by the linear motor is proportional to the position change rate dф / dX of the magnetic flux ф interlinking the windings.

  Therefore, for example, although not shown, when considering the case of the same mover-stator structure as in FIG. 13 but a two-pole permanent magnet type linear motor, the generated torque T, that is, the magnetic flux that links the windings. The position change rate dф / dX of ф is almost simply proportional to the magnetic flux density B.

  Next, consider the same thing for the linear motor of FIG. For example, it is assumed that a winding of one turn is wound in the slot S2 from the front side to the back side of the paper and in the slot S8 from the back side of the paper to the front side. At this time, the positional change rate dф / dX≈Δф / ΔX of the magnetic flux linking the winding wound from the slot S2 to the slot S8 assumes that the mover 63 moves to the right by a slight amount ΔX. Then, the magnetic flux change Δф at that time increases in the N-pole magnetic flux corresponding to the minute position change ΔX in the mover salient poles 65 narrowed from the slot S2 to the slot S8, and a large magnetic flux position change rate Δф / ΔX is obtained. Is placed in a relationship. Therefore, compared with the case of the two-pole permanent magnet type linear motor, it can be said that the position change rate Δф / ΔX of the magnetic flux ф is about 5 to 6 times, and the generated thrust is about 5 to 5 times. It can be said that it is 6 times. Thus, the vernier type linear motor using the permanent magnet has a characteristic of large thrust in principle. However, the driving frequency for controllable driving is about 6 times in this example, and it is generally difficult to drive at high speed due to the influence of the driving frequency limit and the winding inductance.

  However, the conventional synchronous linear motor has a problem that the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet 64 cannot be used effectively. For example, when considering the magnetic flux existing in the mover salient pole 65 sandwiched between the slots S2 and S3, the mover salient pole 65 is opposed to the N pole of the permanent magnet 64 with a slight gap. N-pole magnetic flux exists in the movable element salient pole 65, but at the same time, the adjacent S-pole magnetic flux leaks from the non-magnetic part such as the space between the movable element salient poles 65, and the magnetic flux is generated between the N-pole and S-pole. There are also many components that close, and the magnetic flux that closes the S pole of the N-pole magnetic flux is not utilized for the driving action. As a result, the magnetic flux of the N pole is not sufficiently utilized for the mover salient pole 65 sandwiched between the slots S2 and S3, and the same can be said for each of the other mover salient poles 65. As a result, there is a problem that the motor thrust is reduced when the current of the motor is properly energized.

  Another problem is that the maximum magnetic flux density of the magnetic steel plate of the armature salient pole 65 is as large as about 1.7 Tesla, whereas the maximum magnetic flux density of the stator magnetic pole portion is a rare earth magnet having a large residual magnetic flux density. Even if it is used, it is about 1.0 Tesla, and there is a problem that the magnetic flux density cannot be increased structurally. It is desired to increase the torque of the electric motor by increasing the magnetic flux density of each magnetic pole of the stator 61.

  Another problem is that when the driving range of the linear motor is long, the amount of expensive permanent magnets attached to the stator 61 is proportional to the length, which makes the cost of the linear motor expensive. There is. As another problem, when applied to feed drive of machine tools, etc., there is iron powder etc. as the surrounding environment, and the place where the permanent magnet 64 exists is particularly strictly covered so that iron powder etc. does not adhere However, since the magnet part is long, there is also a problem that the cost required for the cover increases. Next, in order to solve the problems of the synchronous linear motor, the conventional linear motor shown in FIGS. 14, 15, 16, and 17 disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3344645 will be described.

  14 and 17, the mover 3 includes three sets of movers each having three sets of N-pole magnetic poles 5 and S-pole magnetic poles 6 and auxiliary magnets 10 between the N-pole magnetic poles 5 and S-pole magnetic poles 6. The magnetic poles 4a, 4b, 4c are arranged in the moving direction of the mover, and the N-pole magnetic pole 5, the S-pole magnetic pole 6 and the auxiliary magnet 10 are arranged so as to be alternately N-pole and S-pole as shown in FIG. The The N pole magnetic pole 5 and the S pole magnetic pole 6 are composed of 5a, 5b and 6a, 6b as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, and 5a, 6a are N pole auxiliary magnetic poles in Japanese Patent No. 3344645. And S pole auxiliary magnetic pole.

  A three-phase AC winding 16 is wound around each of the magnetic poles 5 and 6. The U-phase winding is represented by SU1 and SU2 in the drawing, the V-phase winding is represented by SV1 and SV2 in the drawing, and the W-phase winding is represented by SW1 and SW2 in the drawing. The mover magnetic poles 4a, 4b, and 4c of each phase are arranged at positions that are electrically shifted by 120 degrees with respect to the salient poles 2 of the stator 1.

  The electromagnetic steel plates constituting the mover 3 are the N pole magnetic yoke 3a and the S pole magnetic yoke 3b in FIGS. 15 and 16, respectively, and are magnetically connected to the N pole magnetic pole 5 and the S pole magnetic pole 6, respectively. Yes. The mover magnetic pole 4a in FIG. 17 is a sectional view of the S pole magnetic yoke 3b so that the shape of the mover 3 can be easily understood.

  In addition, a common permanent magnet 13 that is magnetically connected to the N-pole magnetic yoke 3 a and the S-pole magnetic yoke 3 b is disposed inside the mover 3.

  When a current is applied to the three-phase AC winding 16 of the linear motor according to the related art configured as described above, the three sets of mover magnetic poles 5 and 6 have different directions depending on the direction of application of the U, V, and W-phase windings. Excited to either the N pole or the S pole, it becomes one magnetic pole having a large N pole or S pole. And the magnetic flux 19 which passed each mover magnetic pole 5 and 6 and the common permanent magnet 13 passes the stator 1 side, and comprises a three-dimensional solid magnetic path. At this time, a magnetic attractive force corresponding to the positions of the mover 3 and the stator 1 is generated, so that a thrust is generated in the mover 3.

  The flow of magnetic flux will be described in more detail. Now, when a current is passed so that the U phase → V, W phase, that is, SU1, SV2, SW2 are positive and SU2, SV1, SW1 are negative, the mover magnetic pole 4a in FIG. 4b and 4c become N poles, and as indicated by a magnetic flux 19, the magnetic flux flows from the S pole magnetic yoke 3b on the back side of the mover magnetic pole 4a to the N pole magnetic yoke 3a on the front side of the mover magnetic poles 4b and 4c. A three-dimensional solid magnetic path is formed in which the magnetic poles 4b and 4c flow from the front side of the N-pole magnetic pole 5 to the stator and return from the S-pole magnetic pole 6 to the S-pole magnetic yoke 3b. Then, a force acts in the direction of the arrow shown at the boundary between the mover 3 and the stator 1 in FIG. 14, and the mover 3 moves to the right.

  As described above, in the conventional linear motor shown in FIGS. 14 to 17, the N pole magnetic pole 5 and the S pole magnetic pole 6 arranged on the mover magnetic poles 4a, 4b and 4c apply a current to the windings. Therefore, unlike the conventional synchronous linear motor, the leakage magnetic flux that closes the magnetic flux between the N pole and the S pole does not occur, so that the motor thrust is improved.

  In addition to supplying the magnetic flux from the common permanent magnet 13 in addition to the auxiliary magnet 10, the magnetic flux density can be increased to about 1.7 Tesla, which is the saturation magnetic flux density of the electromagnetic steel sheet. A large magnetic flux can be generated, and a large thrust can be generated.

  Further, by disposing both the permanent magnet and the winding 16 on the movable element 3 side, the stator can be used without using an expensive permanent magnet on the stator 1 side having a long stroke as in the conventional synchronous linear motor. Since 1 has a simple structure in which silicon steel plates are simply laminated, the motor cost is reduced. Furthermore, since there is no permanent magnet in the stator 1, chips do not adhere and the environmental resistance is improved.

Japanese Patent No. 3344645

  However, the conventional linear motor as described above has the following problems.

  Further, the material of the mover 3 used in the linear motor of the prior art is made of an electromagnetic steel plate as an N-pole magnetic yoke 3a and an S-pole magnetic yoke 3b shown in FIG. 15 in order to reduce the occurrence of iron loss in a high speed range. Those laminated in the direction shown were used. When a current is applied to the winding 16 of the mover 3 formed of such an electromagnetic steel plate, as described above, the magnetic flux crosses the electromagnetic steel plate in the stacking direction as shown in FIGS. 3 and the stator 1 are generated as a three-dimensional solid magnetic path. At this time, if the current applied to the three-phase winding 16 is changed in order to drive the linear motor, it crosses in the laminating direction of the magnetic steel sheets, particularly near the north pole and south pole magnetic poles 5 and 6 of the mover 3. Since the generated magnetic flux changes greatly, there is a problem in that eddy current flows in the magnetic steel sheets constituting the magnetic poles 5 and 6, iron loss occurs according to the electric resistance of the magnetic steel sheets, and the motor generates heat.

  Further, since the eddy current described above works so as to cancel the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic poles 5 and 6, there is a problem that the magnetic flux flowing through each of the magnetic poles 5 and 6 is reduced and the motor thrust is reduced. Similarly, since the magnetic flux is generated across the lamination direction of the electromagnetic steel plates, the nonmagnetic insulation applied to the surfaces of the magnetic steel plates constituting the magnetic poles 5 and 6 of the mover 3 and the magnetic yokes 3a and 3b. There was a problem that the air layer between the coating and the magnetic steel sheet acts as a magnetic insulating part, and the magnetic flux flowing through each of the magnetic poles 5 and 6 is reduced, and the generated thrust is reduced.

  The present invention solves the above-described problems. The motor thrust is improved by adopting a configuration that prevents saturation of the magnetic flux in the vicinity of the yoke inlets 14 and 15, and the magnetic flux is generated by the magnetic poles 5 and 6 of the mover 3. An object of the present invention is to provide a linear motor in which motor heat generation is reduced and motor thrust is improved by adopting a configuration in which is generated in a direction perpendicular to the laminating direction of electromagnetic steel sheets.

A stator having convex poles arranged at a predetermined interval; and a movable element arranged with a predetermined air gap between the stator and a magnetic pole arranged opposite to the convex poles at a predetermined interval. The mover includes an N-pole magnetic yoke, an S-pole magnetic yoke, and the N-pole magnetic yoke, which are stacked with a permanent magnet sandwiched in a thickness direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the mover. A plurality of N pole magnetic poles that are magnetically coupled, arranged at predetermined intervals in the moving direction of the mover, and extended to the full width in the thickness direction of the mover, and magnetically coupled to the S pole magnetic yoke, the movable A plurality of S poles arranged at predetermined intervals in the movement direction of the child, extending to the full width in the thickness direction of the mover, and alternately arranged with the N pole magnetic poles in the movement direction of the mover; Wound around N pole and S pole In the motor using the alternating-current winding, a permanent magnet having a was, the mover of N, the S pole, the stacking direction perpendicular to the direction of the electromagnetic steel plates constituting the N pole magnetic yoke and the S pole magnetic yoke In addition, a tea score constituted by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets is arranged.

  As a result, the magnetic flux smoothly flows along the teascores to the magnetic yokes 3a and 3b and does not cross the magnetic steel sheet. Therefore, the generated thrust can be improved by preventing the magnetic flux from being reduced, and the iron loss due to the eddy current is generated. Can be kept small, so that the heat generation of the motor is reduced.

Furthermore, a stator in which convex poles are arranged at a constant interval, and a movable element that is arranged with a predetermined air gap from the stator, and a magnetic pole that is arranged to face the convex poles at a predetermined interval. The mover includes an N-pole magnetic yoke, an S-pole magnetic yoke, and the N-pole magnetic yoke, which are stacked with a permanent magnet sandwiched in a thickness direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the mover. A plurality of N pole magnetic poles that are magnetically coupled, arranged at predetermined intervals in the moving direction of the mover, and extended to the full width in the thickness direction of the mover, and magnetically coupled to the S pole magnetic yoke, the movable A plurality of S poles arranged at predetermined intervals in the movement direction of the child, extending to the full width in the thickness direction of the mover, and alternately arranged with the N pole magnetic poles in the movement direction of the mover; Wound around N pole and S pole In the motor using the permanent magnet provided with the AC winding, the N and S magnetic poles of the mover are inserted in the thickness direction of the magnetic poles, and an electric insulating film is included so as to enclose the steel particles. and that it has arranged teeth core made of a block of magnetic material and it said.

As described above, the teascores are arranged on the N pole magnetic pole and the S pole magnetic pole, and the magnetic flux is generated in the direction perpendicular to the laminating direction by the magnetic pole of the mover. Since the decrease in magnetic flux due to the air layer between the steel plates is suppressed, it is possible to provide a motor that uses permanent magnets that reduce motor heat generation and improve motor thrust.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First embodiment.

  1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are diagrams showing a linear motor using a permanent magnet according to the first embodiment. 2 is a cross-section CC of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a side view of the mover 3 of FIG. 1, and a view of the mover 3 as viewed from below. The present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.

  1, 2, and 3, 3 is a movable element, 3 a is an N-pole magnetic yoke, 3 b is an S-pole magnetic yoke, and 3 a and 3 b are configured by laminating electromagnetic steel plates. Reference numeral 16 denotes a three-phase AC winding, in which symbols SU1 and SU2 are U-phase windings, SV1 and SV2 are V-phase windings, and SW1 and SW2 are W-phase windings. Reference numeral 5 denotes an N-pole magnetic pole, 6 denotes an S-pole magnetic pole, and 10 denotes an auxiliary magnetic pole. The N-pole magnetic yoke 3a and the S-pole magnetic yoke 3b have substantially the same width dimension at the boundary between the stator 1 and the stator 1. However, the width of the N-pole magnetic pole 5 increases as it moves away from the stator 1 on the N-pole magnetic yoke 3a side, and the width decreases as it moves away from the stator 1 on the S-pole magnetic yoke 3b side. It is configured. On the other hand, the S-pole magnetic pole 6 is formed so that its width is narrower as it is farther from the stator 1 on the N-pole magnetic yoke 3a side, and is wider as it is farther from the stator 1 on the S-pole magnetic yoke 3b side. Has been. FIG. 3 shows that the N pole magnetic pole 5 and the S pole magnetic pole 6 are arranged so as to be alternately an N pole and an S pole. As shown in FIG. 2, a common permanent magnet 13 magnetically connected to the N-pole magnetic yoke 3 a and the S-pole magnetic yoke 3 b is disposed inside the mover 3. A tee score 18 is inserted into the N pole magnetic pole 5 and the S pole magnetic pole 6. In FIG. 1, the tea score 18 is manufactured by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates in a direction perpendicular to the lamination direction of the electromagnetic steel plates constituting the magnetic yokes 3a and 3b.

  In FIG. 1, when a current is applied to the three-phase AC winding 16 from the U phase to the V and W phases, a magnetic flux as indicated by a magnetic flux 19 in the figure crosses the mover 3 and the stator 1 three-dimensionally. Constructing the generated three-dimensional solid magnetic path is as described in the conventional linear motor shown in FIGS. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the magnetic flux 19 generated from the stator 1 to the mover 3 is concentrated at the yoke inlets 14 and 15 of the polar magnetic yoke 3b when flowing from the magnetic pole 6 to the polar magnetic yoke 3b. However, the N-pole magnetic pole 5 is formed so as to be wider as it is farther from the stator 1 on the N-pole magnetic yoke 3a side, and the S-pole magnetic pole 6 is wider as it is farther from the stator 1 on the S-pole magnetic yoke 3b side. Therefore, the magnetic flux saturation limit of the yoke inlets 14 and 15 is increased, and the motor thrust is improved.

  In addition, in FIG. 2, among the magnetic flux 19 that similarly flows from the stator 1 to the mover 3, the magnetic flux that flows from the N-pole magnetic yoke 3 a side traverses the stacking direction of the electromagnetic steel plates that constitute the N-pole magnetic pole 5. However, since the tee score 18 is laminated in a direction perpendicular to the lamination direction of the magnetic steel sheets constituting the N-pole magnetic pole 5, the magnetic flux does not flow across the lamination direction of the magnetic steel sheets, It flows smoothly through the score 18 to the south pole magnetic yoke 3b. As a result, since the magnetic flux does not cross the magnetic steel sheet, it is possible to prevent the magnetic flux from being reduced and the generated thrust is improved.

  Further, even when the motor is driven and the magnetic flux is changed, the magnetic steel sheets are electrically insulated by the insulating film applied to the surface of the magnetic steel sheets constituting the tea score 18, so that a large span between the magnetic steel sheets is obtained. No eddy current is generated, and the iron loss generated by the eddy current in accordance with the electrical resistance of the electromagnetic steel sheet is suppressed to a small value, so that the heat generation of the motor is reduced.

On the other hand, the magnetic flux 19 flows before and after the common permanent magnet 13 so as to cross the laminating direction of the electromagnetic steel sheets. However, since this portion has a small magnetic flux change due to the strong magnetic field of the common permanent magnet 13, the heat generation is small. No countermeasure like the tea score 18 is required.
Second embodiment.

  4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are views showing a linear motor according to the second embodiment, FIG. 5 is a cross-section DD of FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a side view of the mover 33 of FIG. It is the figure which looked at the needle | mover 33 from the downward direction. As in the first embodiment, a motor that generates a three-dimensional magnetic path between the mover 33 and the stator 31 is shown, but a linear motor having a configuration different from that of the first embodiment is shown. The present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  4, 5, and 6, 33 is a mover, 33 a is an N pole magnetic yoke, 33 b is an S pole magnetic yoke, and 33 a and 33 b are configured by laminating electromagnetic steel plates. Reference numeral 46 denotes a three-phase AC winding, and symbols representing U, V, and W phases are shown in the figure. Reference numeral 35 denotes an N-pole magnetic pole, 36 denotes an S-pole magnetic pole, and 40 denotes an auxiliary magnetic pole. The N-pole magnetic yoke 33 a and the S-pole magnetic yoke 33 b have substantially the same width at the boundary with the stator 31. However, the width of the N-pole magnetic pole 35 increases as it moves away from the stator 31 on the N-pole magnetic yoke 33a side, and the width decreases as it moves away from the stator 31 on the S-pole magnetic yoke 33b side. It is configured. On the other hand, the S pole magnetic pole 36 is formed so that its width is narrower as it is farther from the stator 31 on the N pole magnetic yoke 33a side, and is wider as it is farther from the stator 31 on the S pole magnetic yoke 33b side. Has been. FIG. 6 shows that the N-pole magnetic pole 35 and the S-pole magnetic pole 36 are arranged so as to be alternately N-pole and S-pole. As shown in FIG. 5, a common permanent magnet 13 magnetically connected to the N-pole magnetic yoke 33 a and the S-pole magnetic yoke 33 b is arranged inside the mover 33. A tee score 48 is inserted into the N pole magnetic pole 35 and the S pole magnetic pole 36. In FIG. 4, the tee score 48 is formed by stacking a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction of the electromagnetic steel sheets constituting the magnetic yokes 33a and 33b, or by a magnetic material block.

  The difference in structure between the linear motor shown in FIG. 4 and the linear motor shown in the first embodiment is that a distributed winding is arranged as the three-phase AC winding 46, the magnetic pole pitch of the mover 33, and the stator. This is the point that a vernier structure with 31 different magnetic pole pitches is adopted.

  When a current is applied to the three-phase AC winding of the linear motor in the second embodiment configured as described above, a plurality of pairs of N poles and S poles are applied depending on the direction of application of the U, V, and W phase windings. The magnetic poles 35 and 36 are excited to either the N pole or the S pole by the magnetomotive force of the winding 46. A three-dimensional return from the N pole magnetic pole 35 to the N pole magnetic yoke 33 a, the common permanent magnet magnetic pole 13, the S pole magnetic yoke 33 b, the S pole magnetic pole 36, and the stator 31 through the mover 33 and back to the N pole magnetic pole 35 again. A three-dimensional magnetic path is formed. At this time, a thrust force is generated in the mover 33 by generating a magnetoresistive differential force corresponding to the position in the mover 33 and the stator 31.

  The flow of magnetic flux will be described in more detail. Now, when a current is passed from the U phase to the V and W phases, the three pairs of magnetic poles 35 and 36 shown in FIG. 4 are respectively excited to the N or S poles. The two flow from the magnetic pole 36 to the S pole magnetic yoke 33b on the back side and the common permanent magnet 13 to the N pole magnetic yoke 33a and N pole magnetic pole 35 on the front side, and then to the S pole magnetic pole 36 again through the stator 31. A three-dimensional solid magnetic path is formed. Then, a force acts in the direction of the arrow shown at the boundary between the mover 33 and the stator 31 in FIG. 4, and the mover 33 moves to the left.

  As described above, the motor of the second embodiment employs a vernier structure. However, as shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, the common magnet 13, the N-pole magnetic yoke 33a, and the S-pole magnetic yoke 33b. , An N pole magnetic pole 35, an S pole magnetic pole 36, and an uneven stator 31, and applying a current to the three-phase AC winding 46, the magnetic yoke 33 a, the common magnet 13, S Similar to the first embodiment, a three-dimensional solid magnetic path that passes through the pole magnetic yoke 33b, the S pole magnetic pole 36, and the stator 31 and returns to the N pole magnetic pole 35 is generated. Therefore, the N-pole magnetic pole 5 of the mover 33 is widened away from the stator 31 on the N-pole magnetic yoke 33a side, and the S-pole magnetic pole 36 is widened away from the stator 31 on the S-pole magnetic yoke 33b side. By adopting a configuration in which the tee score 18 is inserted into the N-pole magnetic pole 35 and the S-pole magnetic pole 36, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the N pole magnetic pole 35, the S pole magnetic pole 36, and the stator 31 with projections and depressions formed by the common magnet 13, the N pole magnetic yoke 33a, the S pole magnetic yoke 33b, and the auxiliary magnet 40 are provided. By providing and applying an electric current to the AC winding 46, the magnetic pole 33 is again passed through the magnetic yoke 33 a, the common magnet 13, the S magnetic pole 33 b, the S magnetic pole 36, and the stator 31, and again to the N magnetic pole 35. The present invention can be applied to any linear motor that generates a returning three-dimensional solid magnetic path regardless of the winding method of the winding 46 and the arrangement of the magnetic poles 35 and 36.

  In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, a block of magnetic material can be used for the tea scores 18, 48. However, when a block of magnetic material is used, a large eddy current is generated due to a change in magnetic flux. Therefore, in the high speed range, the heat generation reduction effect by inserting the tee scores 18 and 48 cannot be expected. However, when electromagnetic steel sheets are stacked, the magnetic thrust due to the insulating film and the air layer does not occur, so the motor thrust is improved. From the above, it is desirable that a motor using a block of magnetic material for the tee scores 18, 48 is used for low-speed applications in which generation of eddy currents does not become a problem.

  However, magnetic materials suitable for magnetic material blocks, which have properties that suppress the generation of eddy currents by incorporating an electrical insulating film so as to enclose steel particles, are commercially available. The heat generation in the high speed range can be reduced, and the same effect as the tea scores 18, 48 formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets can be realized.

  The N pole magnetic poles 5 and 35 are wider on the N pole magnetic yokes 3a and 33a side as they are farther from the stators 1 and 31, and are narrower on the S pole magnetic yokes 3b and 33b side as they are farther from the stators 1 and 31. Even if the configuration thus configured and the configuration in which the tee scores 18 and 48 are inserted into the N-pole magnetic poles 5 and 35 and the S-pole magnetic poles 6 and 36 are employed independently, the effects of the respective configurations are obtained independently. be able to.

  Further, in the first embodiment, among the three mover magnetic poles indicated by 4a, 4b, and 4c, a linear drive driven by a two-phase AC winding as shown in FIG. 7 using the mover magnetic poles 4a and 4b. Also when the motor is formed, when current is applied to the winding from U phase to V phase, that is, when SU1 and SV2 are applied positively and SU2 and SV1 are applied negatively, as in the first embodiment, The mover magnetic pole 4 a becomes the S pole, the mover magnetic pole 4 b becomes the N pole, and the magnetic flux from the S pole magnetic pole 6 to the S pole magnetic yoke 3 b, the common permanent magnet 13, and the N pole magnetic yoke 3 a as shown by the magnetic flux 19. , N pole magnetic pole 5, a stator 3 and a three-dimensional solid magnetic path returning to the S pole magnetic pole 6 again. Therefore, the present invention can be applied as in the first embodiment.

  Further, as described above, the N pole magnetic pole 5 is wider as it is farther from the stator 1 on the N pole magnetic yoke 3a side, and the S pole magnetic pole 6 is wider as it is farther from the stator 1 on the S pole magnetic yoke 3b side. FIGS. 8 and 9 show a linear motor having a configuration different from that of the first embodiment and the second embodiment in the N pole auxiliary magnet and the S pole auxiliary magnet.

  FIG. 8 employs arcuate auxiliary magnets 30 and 32. The advantage of making the auxiliary magnets 30 and 32 arcs is that the cross-sectional areas of the N-pole magnetic pole 5 and the S-pole magnetic pole 6 can be made larger than those of the N-pole magnetic pole 5 and the S-pole magnetic pole 6 of the first embodiment. Thus, when the magnetic flux from the stator 1 to the mover 3 is generated, the magnetic saturation limit of the N-pole magnetic pole 5 and the S-pole magnetic pole 6 becomes high, and a larger motor thrust than the first embodiment is obtained. It is done.

  FIG. 9 shows a shape in which the auxiliary magnets of the first embodiment and the second embodiment are bent from a rectangle to a dogleg shape, which is close to the arc shown in FIG. Thus, there are various shapes of the auxiliary magnets 30 and 32 that can implement the present invention, and even if the shapes of the auxiliary magnets 30 and 32 are different, the same effect as the present invention can be obtained.

  Further, as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3344645, a plurality of motors using the permanent magnets 13 typified by the first and second embodiments of the present invention as shown in FIG. The present invention can also be applied to a motor that is stacked in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction.

  Further, the first and second embodiments described above can be transformed into a rotary motor as shown in FIGS. The motor shown in FIG. 11 is a linear motor according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 formed in an arc shape and connected in series. Similarly to FIG. 1, the N pole magnetic pole 5 is on the N pole magnetic yoke 3a side. In FIG. 2, the width is increased as the distance from the stator 1 is increased, and the width is decreased as the distance from the stator 1 is increased on the S-pole magnetic yoke 3b side. On the other hand, the S-pole magnetic pole 6 is formed so that its width is narrower as it is farther from the stator 1 on the N-pole magnetic yoke 3a side, and is wider as it is farther from the stator 1 on the S-pole magnetic yoke 3b side. Has been. As for the number of connections, when the even number is connected in series, the motor becomes a 180 ° target shape, and the radial force generated between the mover 53 and the stator 51 is balanced, so vibration due to unbalanced radial load, There is no noise. Therefore, it is desirable that the number to be connected is an even number, but in the present invention, the number is not particularly defined.

  Although the motor of FIG. 11 has the difference between linear drive and rotational drive, the operation principle is exactly the same, and the current flows from the U phase to the V and W phases through the three-phase AC winding as in the first embodiment. In some cases, the rotor generates a force that rotates clockwise. Therefore, the present invention can be similarly applied when the first embodiment is applied to a rotary motor.

  Further, the motor shown in FIG. 12 is obtained by forming four linear motors of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 in an arc shape and connecting them in series. The motor shown in FIG. 12 has the same operating principle as that of the second embodiment. Therefore, the present invention can be similarly applied when the second embodiment is applied to a rotary motor.

It is a figure which shows 1st Embodiment of the linear motor of this invention. It is CC sectional drawing of the linear motor of FIG. It is the side view of the needle | mover of the linear motor of FIG. 1, and the figure which looked at the needle | mover from the bottom. It is a figure which shows 2nd Embodiment of the linear motor of this invention. It is DD sectional drawing of the linear motor of FIG. It is the side view of the needle | mover of the linear motor of FIG. 4, and the figure which looked at the needle | mover from the bottom. It is a figure which shows the two-phase linear motor of this invention. It is a figure which shows the linear motor which uses the circular arc shaped auxiliary magnet of this invention. It is a figure which shows the linear motor which uses the square-shaped auxiliary magnet of this invention. It is the figure which arranged a plurality of linear motors of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the rotary motor which deform | transformed the linear motor of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the rotary motor which deform | transformed the linear motor of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the synchronous linear motor of a prior art. It is a figure which shows the linear motor of a prior art. It is AA sectional drawing of the linear motor of FIG. It is BB sectional drawing of the linear motor of FIG. It is the side view of the needle | mover of the linear motor of FIG. 14, and the figure which looked at the needle | mover from the bottom.

Explanation of symbols

  1 stator, 3 mover, 5 N pole magnetic pole, 6 S pole magnetic pole, 3a magnetic pole for N pole, 3b S pole magnetic yoke, 10 auxiliary pole, 13 common permanent magnet, 14 yoke inlet, 16 windings, 18 tee Score, 19 magnetic flux.

Claims (2)

A stator with convex poles arranged at regular intervals;
A mover in which a predetermined air gap is provided with the stator, and a magnetic pole disposed opposite to the convex pole is disposed at a predetermined interval;
A motor having
The mover is
An N-pole magnetic yoke and an S-pole magnetic yoke laminated with permanent magnets in a thickness direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the mover;
A plurality of N pole magnetic poles magnetically coupled to the N pole magnetic yoke, arranged at predetermined intervals in the moving direction of the mover, and extended to the full width in the thickness direction of the mover;
Magnetically coupled to the S-pole magnetic yoke, arranged at a predetermined interval in the moving direction of the mover, extended to the full width in the thickness direction of the mover, and the N-pole magnetic pole with respect to the moving direction of the mover A plurality of S poles arranged alternately;
AC windings wound around the plurality of N-pole magnetic poles and S-pole magnetic poles;
In motors using permanent magnets with
The N and S magnetic poles of the mover are provided with a tea score formed by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets in a direction perpendicular to the laminating direction of the electromagnetic steel sheets constituting the N-pole magnetic yoke and the S-pole magnetic yoke. A motor using a permanent magnet characterized by the above. A stator with convex poles arranged at regular intervals;
A mover in which a predetermined air gap is provided with the stator, and a magnetic pole disposed opposite to the convex pole is disposed at a predetermined interval;
A motor having
The mover is
An N-pole magnetic yoke and an S-pole magnetic yoke laminated with permanent magnets in a thickness direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the mover;
A plurality of N pole magnetic poles magnetically coupled to the N pole magnetic yoke, arranged at predetermined intervals in the moving direction of the mover, and extended to the full width in the thickness direction of the mover;
Magnetically coupled to the S-pole magnetic yoke, arranged at a predetermined interval in the moving direction of the mover, extended to the full width in the thickness direction of the mover, and the N-pole magnetic pole with respect to the moving direction of the mover A plurality of S poles arranged alternately;
AC windings wound around the plurality of N-pole magnetic poles and S-pole magnetic poles;
In motors using permanent magnets with
The N and S magnetic poles of the mover are arranged in the thickness direction of the magnetic poles, and a tea score composed of a block of magnetic material in which an electrical insulating film is embedded is disposed so as to wrap steel particles. A motor using the featured permanent magnet.

Images