JP4745953B2 - Multi-cone synchronizer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a multi-cone synchronizer used in a manual transmission used in an automobile.

  The automobile is provided with a transmission for converting engine power according to driving conditions and taking it out. There are gear type and belt type transmissions, and gear type transmissions with little power transmission loss are often used.

  A gear-type manual transmission is a device that switches a plurality of speed change gear trains for the purpose of outputting input engine power in accordance with driving conditions. The manual transmission has a plurality of shift gear trains, and the gear train is switched by operating a shift lever to mesh the gears of each gear.

  The manual transmission is provided with a synchronization device in order to quickly and easily shift gears when changing gear engagement. For example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are composed of an outer ring and an inner ring having a cone surface (taper surface), and a middle ring having a taper surface that is between them and is in sliding contact with the taper surface. A multi-cone synchronizer is disclosed.

  Such a multi-cone synchronizer basically forms a tapered cone clutch comprising an outer ring, a middle ring and an inner ring between a clutch hub and a gear which are assembled on a shaft so as to be rotatable relative to each other. To do.

  In general, the outer ring and the inner ring are connected so as to rotate integrally with the clutch hub in the rotational direction and move freely to some extent in the axial direction. The middle ring is connected so as to rotate integrally with the gear with respect to the rotational direction and move freely to some extent in the axial direction.

  This multi-cone synchronizer has a plurality of tapered surfaces (sliding surfaces) that are brought into sliding contact with each other, so that the frictional force for synchronization is large and functions as a synchronizing device that can obtain a strong synchronizing action.

By the way, in this type of multi-cone synchronizer, when the power transmission is interrupted, as shown in FIG. 3, each ring 6, 7, 8 is in an idle state and tilts in an arbitrary direction. Is rotating. For this reason, between the outer ring 6, the middle ring 7, and the inner ring 8 that are rotating relative to each other, the middle ring 7 may come into contact with the outer ring 6 and the inner ring 8 to cause uneven wear. If the contact is strong, seizure occurs.
JP-A-11-280786 JP 2000-110848 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and during the idle rotation of the multi-cone synchronizer, the inclination of the middle ring is regulated to eliminate one-sided contact between the rings, thereby suppressing uneven wear of the ring and seizing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-cone synchronizer that does not generate any problems.

The multi-cone synchronizer of the present invention includes a shaft,
A clutch hub fixed on the shaft and having engagement teeth on the outer peripheral side;
A gear rotatably held on the shaft;
A gear piece located between the clutch hub and the gear and coupled to the gear and having engagement teeth on the outer peripheral side;
An outer ring that is coaxial with the shaft and has a cone-shaped inner peripheral surface that engages the clutch hub with the clutch hub side and has an engagement tooth on the outer peripheral side and a small diameter on the clutch hub side; An inner ring having a cone-shaped outer peripheral surface that engages with the outer ring on the clutch hub side and has a smaller diameter on the clutch hub side, and a gear piece side that engages with the gear piece and is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring A tapered cone clutch comprising: a cone-shaped outer circumferential surface having a small diameter side, and a middle ring having a cone-shaped inner circumferential surface having a small diameter on the clutch hub side in sliding contact with the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring;
A sleeve that has an engagement tooth that engages with the engagement tooth of the outer ring and the engagement tooth of the gear piece and that is axially slidably held by the clutch hub via a key;
When the sleeve slides in the axial direction from the clutch hub side to the gear side, the engagement teeth of the sleeve are engaged and integrated in the order of the clutch hub, the outer ring, and the gear piece. In a multi-cone synchronizer that couples the gear piece and synchronizes the rotation of the clutch hub and the gear,
The clutch hub and / or the gear piece is a tapered surface that is separated from the middle ring as a regulating surface, which is a surface with which the middle ring contacts, goes in the radial direction.

  In the conventional multi-cone synchronizer as well, the middle ring is composed of a gear-side surface of the clutch hub and a clutch-hub-side surface of the gear piece with which the middle ring engages (in the present specification, each is referred to as a “regulating surface”). By contacting any one of them, the inclination at the time of idling is regulated below a certain level.

  In the multi-cone synchronizer according to the present invention, either or both of the gear-side surface of the clutch hub that the middle ring may come into contact with during rotation and the clutch-hub-side surface of the gear piece with which the middle ring engages The shape of the restriction surface is a tapered surface that is separated from the middle ring in the axial direction as it goes in the radial direction.

  As a result, when the inclined middle ring contacts the regulating surface, a moment for correcting the inclination of the middle ring is generated, and the inclination of the middle ring is corrected. That is, the force that the middle ring tends to tilt is divided into a component along the inclined surface and a right-angle component thereof, and the posture of the middle ring changes along the inclined surface, so that the middle ring cannot tilt further. As a result, the middle ring can be prevented from coming into contact with the outer ring and the inner ring, and uneven wear can be reduced.

  In addition, the state where the middle ring is inclined toward the clutch hub side by the taper surface of the present invention on the gear side surface of the clutch hub as the restriction surface is provided (the upper side of the middle ring is biased toward the clutch hub side) The surface of the gear piece on the clutch hub side of the gear piece with which the middle ring engages is the tapered surface of the present invention, so that the middle ring is inclined toward the gear piece side (the upper side of the middle ring is the gear piece side). Can be effectively corrected.

  The inclined surface of the clutch hub or / and gear piece used in the multi-cone synchronizer of the present invention is inclined at an angle larger than the maximum inclination angle assumed for the middle cone with respect to the direction perpendicular to the axis of the shaft. desirable. As a result, a moment along the inclined surface is generated on the outer peripheral side and becomes larger than a moment for tilting the middle ring, so that the moment for tilting the middle ring is canceled and the posture of the middle ring is corrected. Here, the “maximum tilt angle” is the maximum angle at which the middle ring can tilt when the multi-cone synchronizer of the present invention is in an idle state, and includes the outer ring, the middle ring, and the inner ring. Each is an angle that generally increases as the amount of movement in the axial direction during rotation increases.

  According to the multi-cone synchronizer of the present invention, since the shape of the member that the middle ring contacts is the above-described shape, a moment that corrects the inclination of the middle ring can be generated. The occurrence of ring inclination can be regulated. As a result, the middle ring can be prevented from coming into contact with the outer ring and the inner ring, and uneven wear can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.

(Example)
FIG. 1 is a structural cross-sectional view of the multi-cone synchronizer of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the essential part of FIG.

  The multi-cone synchronizer 1 of the present embodiment includes a shaft 2, a clutch hub 3 fixed on the shaft 2, a gear 4 rotatably held on the shaft 2, and between the clutch hub 3 and the gear 4. Is mounted on the shaft 2 between the clutch hub 3 and the gear piece 5, and is slidable in the axial direction on the outer periphery of the clutch hub 3. And a sleeve 9.

  The clutch hub 3 has a restricting portion 31 (a restricting surface: this embodiment is an example in which a restricting surface is provided on the clutch hub side) with which the middle ring 7 comes in contact with the tapered cone clutch. The restricting portion 31 forms a tapered slope whose diameter narrows toward the tapered cone clutch side with respect to the axial direction. The inclination angle of the restricting portion 31 is formed at an angle equal to or greater than the maximum angle at which the middle ring 7 is inclined with respect to the vertical in the axial direction. The clutch hub 3 has engagement teeth not shown on the outer peripheral side.

  The gear 4 is rotatably held on the shaft via a bearing 41.

  The gear piece 5 has a cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 51 formed on the clutch hub 3 side in the axial direction, and engagement teeth 52 formed on the outer periphery on the gear 4 side. A coupling portion 53 that is coupled to the middle ring 52 is formed on the clutch hub 3 side.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the taper cone clutch includes an outer ring 6, a middle ring 7, and an inner ring 8. The outer ring 6 and the inner ring 8 are connected to the clutch hub 3 so as to be integrally rotatable, and the middle ring 7 is located between the outer ring 6 and the inner ring 8 and is connected to the gear 4 via the gear piece 5 so as to be integrally rotatable. ing. As shown in FIG. 2, the outer ring 6 has outer engagement teeth 61 on the outer periphery, and is formed with a cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 62 whose diameter on the clutch hub side is reduced. The outer ring 6 is formed with three outer connecting portions 63 for engaging with the inner claw portions 81 of the inner ring 8 at equal intervals. Further, the outer ring 6 has an outer chamfer 64 that meshes with the chamfer of the sleeve 9 when the sleeve 9 moves to the axial gear 4 side to connect the clutch hub 3 and the gear piece 5. Next, the middle ring 7 includes a cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 71 that is in sliding contact with the cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 72 of the outer ring 6, a cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 72 on the inner peripheral surface, and a middle claw portion 73 that engages with the gear piece 5. And have. The middle claw portions 73 are formed at three positions at equal intervals in a shape protruding to the gear piece 5 side. Next, the inner ring 8 has a cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 82 that is in sliding contact with the cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 72 of the middle ring 7, and a cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 83 that is in sliding contact with the cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 51 of the gear piece 5.

  The sleeve 9 slides in the axial direction from the clutch hub 3 side to the gear side, thereby engaging with the clutch hub 3, the outer engagement teeth 61 of the outer ring 6 and the engagement teeth 52 of the gear piece 5 in this order ( And is held by the clutch hub 3 via a key 91 located on the inner peripheral side.

  The basic operation of the multi-cone synchronizer 1 of this embodiment will be briefly described. When synchronizing the rotation of the shaft 2 and the gear 4, the sleeve 9 moves to the axial gear 4 side. This movement is performed based on an operation of a shift lever (not shown) connected to the shift fork by engaging a shift fork (not shown) with a circumferential groove 92 formed on the outer periphery of the sleeve 9. . As the sleeve 9 moves, a frictional force is first generated between the sleeve 9 and the inner ring chamfer (not shown) of the sleeve 9 and the outer chamfer 64 of the outer ring 6 come into contact with each other. Then, the rotation of the shaft 2 is transmitted to the gear piece 5 (gear 4) via the tapered cone clutch. When the rotational difference between the sleeve 9 and the gear piece 5 disappears, the sleeve 9 further moves to the gear piece 5 side while pushing the outer ring 6 apart, and after sliding contact with the chamfer 521 of the engagement tooth 52 of the gear piece 5, The spline and the engagement teeth 52 of the gear piece 5 are completely meshed with each other to complete the synchronization operation.

  When the multi-cone synchronizer 1 of this embodiment is not performing the above-described synchronization operation, each of the rings 6, 7 and 8 of the tapered cone clutch is in an idle state, and the outer ring 6, the inner ring 8 and the middle ring 7 Has a relative rotation. At this time, the outer ring 6, the middle ring 7 and the inner ring 8 are rotated at a slight interval, but in reality, each ring rotates while being inclined. The inclination of the outer ring 6 is regulated by the clutch hub 3, and the inclination of the inner ring 8 is regulated by the cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 51 of the gear piece 5. Since the clutch hub 3 and the gear piece 5 are made of iron or an alloy containing iron and are harder than each ring, even if the outer ring 6 and the inner ring 8 come into contact with each other, the clutch hub 3 and the gear piece 5 are hardly reduced. When the middle ring 7 is tilted, the middle ring 7 comes into contact with the restricting portion 31 formed on the clutch hub 3, so that a moment along the inclined surface of the restricting portion 31 is generated, and the attitude of the middle ring 7 is restricted. Will be. In FIG. 2, the middle ring 7 has a moment that the axial clutch hub 3 side is inclined upward and the gear piece 5 side is inclined downward. The middle ring 7 has a lower portion in contact with the restriction portion 31 of the clutch hub 3, and a moment in the outer peripheral direction is generated along the inclined surface of the restriction portion 31. As a result, the clutch ring 3 side of the middle ring 7 tends to move downward, and the gear piece 5 side of the middle ring 7 tends to move upward. That is, since a moment that cancels the tilted moment of the middle ring 7 is generated, the tilt of the middle ring 7 is corrected. As a result, the middle ring 7 is prevented from coming into contact with the outer ring and the inner ring, and it is difficult for uneven wear and seizure or the like to occur.

  As mentioned above, although the suitable Example of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said Example. For example, it is conceivable that the inclined surface of the restricting portion 31 is formed on the connecting portion 53 of the gear piece 5 to which the middle claw portion 73 of the middle ring 7 is connected. It is. Further, although the triple cone has been described as the multi-cone synchronization device 1, it can also be used for a double cone.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a configuration of a multi-cone synchronizer according to the present embodiment. It is sectional drawing which extracted the principal part of FIG. It is sectional drawing which extracted the principal part of the conventional multi-cone type synchronizer.

Explanation of symbols

1: Multi-cone synchronizer 2: Shaft 3: Clutch hub 4: Gear 5: Gear piece 6: Outer ring 7: Middle ring 8: Inner ring 9: Sleeve 31: Restricting part 41: Bearing 51: Cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 52: Engagement tooth 53: Connection part 61: Outer engagement tooth 62: Cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 63: Outer connection part 64: Outer chamfer 71: Cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 72: Cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 73: Middle claw part 81: Inner Claw part 82: Cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 83: Cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 91: Sleeve chamfer 92: Key 93: Circumferential groove 521: Chamfer

Claims (2)

A shaft,
A clutch hub fixed on the shaft and having engagement teeth on the outer peripheral side;
A gear rotatably held on the shaft;
A gear piece located between the clutch hub and the gear and coupled to the gear and having engagement teeth on the outer peripheral side;
An outer ring that is coaxial with the shaft and has a cone-shaped inner peripheral surface that engages the clutch hub with the clutch hub side and has an engagement tooth on the outer peripheral side and a small diameter on the clutch hub side; An inner ring having a cone-shaped outer peripheral surface that engages with the outer ring on the clutch hub side and has a smaller diameter on the clutch hub side, and a gear piece side that engages with the gear piece and is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring A tapered cone clutch comprising: a cone-shaped outer circumferential surface having a small diameter side, and a middle ring having a cone-shaped inner circumferential surface having a small diameter on the clutch hub side in sliding contact with the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring;
A sleeve that has an engagement tooth that engages with the engagement tooth of the outer ring and the engagement tooth of the gear piece and that is axially slidably held by the clutch hub via a key;
When the sleeve slides in the axial direction from the clutch hub side to the gear side, the engagement teeth of the sleeve are engaged and integrated in the order of the clutch hub, the outer ring, and the gear piece. In a multi-cone synchronizer that couples the gear piece and synchronizes the rotation of the clutch hub and the gear,
The multi-cone synchronizer according to claim 1, wherein the clutch hub or / and the gear piece are tapered surfaces that are separated from the middle ring in the axial direction as a regulating surface, which is a surface with which the middle ring contacts, goes in the radial direction.   2. The multi-cone synchronizer according to claim 1, wherein the restriction surface is inclined at an angle larger than a maximum inclination angle assumed for the middle cone with respect to a direction perpendicular to the axis of the shaft.

Images