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JP4765110B2 - Metal-ceramic bonding substrate and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
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JP4765110B2 - Metal-ceramic bonding substrate and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Metal-ceramic bonding substrate and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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JP4765110B2
JP4765110B2 JP2005101992A JP2005101992A JP4765110B2 JP 4765110 B2 JP4765110 B2 JP 4765110B2 JP 2005101992 A JP2005101992 A JP 2005101992A JP 2005101992 A JP2005101992 A JP 2005101992A JP 4765110 B2 JP4765110 B2 JP 4765110B2
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metal
ceramic
metal plate
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JP2006286754A (en
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潤二 中村
充 太田
正美 木村
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Dowa Metaltech Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10WGENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H10W40/00Arrangements for thermal protection or thermal control
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    • H10W40/255Arrangements for cooling characterised by their materials having a laminate or multilayered structure, e.g. direct bond copper [DBC] ceramic substrates

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Description

本発明は、金属−セラミックス接合基板に関し、特に、セラミックス基板の両面に金属板が接合された金属−セラミックス接合基板に関する。   The present invention relates to a metal / ceramic bonding substrate, and more particularly to a metal / ceramic bonding substrate in which metal plates are bonded to both surfaces of a ceramic substrate.

従来、電気自動車、電車、工作機械などの大電流を制御するために、パワーモジュールが使用されている。従来のパワーモジュールでは、セラミックス基板の両面に金属板が接合された金属−セラミックス接合基板の上面に、パワー半導体素子が半田付けにより固定され、同様にセラミックス基板の両面に金属板が接合された金属−セラミックス接合基板の上面に、パワー半導体素子を制御する制御回路部が半田付けにより固定され、これらの金属−セラミックス接合基板が、半田付けにより厚い銅板などの放熱板(ベース板)に固定されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   Conventionally, a power module is used to control a large current of an electric vehicle, a train, a machine tool, and the like. In a conventional power module, a power semiconductor element is fixed by soldering to the upper surface of a metal-ceramic bonding substrate in which metal plates are bonded to both surfaces of the ceramic substrate, and similarly, a metal in which metal plates are bonded to both surfaces of the ceramic substrate. -The control circuit unit for controlling the power semiconductor element is fixed to the upper surface of the ceramic bonding substrate by soldering, and these metal-ceramic bonding substrates are fixed to a heat sink (base plate) such as a thick copper plate by soldering. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

また、ヒートサイクル後に金属−セラミックス接合基板のセラミックス基板にクラックが生じるのを防止するために、金属板の周縁部に薄肉部や段差を設けた金属−セラミックス接合基板が提案されている(例えば、特許文献2〜4参照)。   Further, in order to prevent cracks in the ceramic substrate of the metal-ceramic bonding substrate after the heat cycle, a metal-ceramic bonding substrate in which a thin portion or a step is provided on the peripheral portion of the metal plate has been proposed (for example, (See Patent Documents 2 to 4).

特開平9−213877号公報(段落番号0027)Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-213877 (paragraph number 0027) 特開昭64−59986号公報(第2頁)Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 64-59986 (Page 2) 特公平7−93326号公報(第2頁)Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 7-93326 (Page 2) 特開平10−125821号公報(段落番号0007−0008)Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-125821 (paragraph numbers 0007-0008)

しかし、特許文献1のように、パワー半導体素子搭載用の金属−セラミックス接合基板と制御回路部搭載用の金属−セラミックス接合基板とを金属ベース板に固定してパワーモジュールを作製すると、ヒートサイクル後にセラミックス基板にクラックが生じ易いという問題がある。また、パワー半導体素子搭載用の金属−セラミックス接合基板として、特許文献2〜4に提案されたような金属板の周縁部に薄肉部や段差を設けた金属−セラミックス接合基板と、制御回路部搭載用の金属−セラミックス接合基板とを金属ベース板に固定してパワーモジュールを作製しても、ヒートサイクル後に制御回路部搭載用の金属−セラミックス接合基板のセラミックス基板にクラックが生じるのを十分に防止することができない。また、1つの金属−セラミックス絶縁基板にパワー半導体素子と制御回路部が固定された一体型のパワーモジュールも提案されているが、このパワーモジュールでも、ヒートサイクル後にセラミックス基板にクラックが生じるのを十分に防止することができない。   However, as in Patent Document 1, when a power module is manufactured by fixing a metal-ceramic bonding substrate for mounting a power semiconductor element and a metal-ceramic bonding substrate for mounting a control circuit unit to a metal base plate, There is a problem that the ceramic substrate is easily cracked. Moreover, as a metal-ceramic bonding substrate for mounting a power semiconductor element, a metal-ceramic bonding substrate in which a thin portion or a step is provided on a peripheral portion of a metal plate as proposed in Patent Documents 2 to 4, and a control circuit portion mounting Even if the power module is manufactured by fixing the metal-ceramic bonding substrate for use with the metal base plate, cracks are sufficiently prevented from occurring in the ceramic substrate of the metal-ceramic bonding substrate for mounting the control circuit after the heat cycle. Can not do it. In addition, an integrated power module in which a power semiconductor element and a control circuit unit are fixed to a single metal-ceramic insulating substrate has been proposed, but this power module is sufficient to prevent cracks in the ceramic substrate after the heat cycle. Cannot be prevented.

したがって、本発明は、このような従来の問題点に鑑み、金属−セラミックス接合基板に金属ベース板を固定した後に、セラミックス基板にクラックが生じるのを防止することができる、金属−セラミックス接合基板を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, in view of such conventional problems, the present invention provides a metal / ceramic bonding substrate that can prevent cracks in a ceramic substrate after a metal base plate is fixed to the metal / ceramic bonding substrate. The purpose is to provide.

本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために鋭意研究した結果、セラミックス基板の一方の面に、接合面の面積が(好ましくは80mm以上の大きい金属板と、この金属板よりも各々の接合面の面積が小さく(好ましくは80mm未満であり且つ互いに(好ましくは1mm以下の間隔で離間して配置された複数の小さい金属板とを接合するとともに、大きい金属板の周縁部に段差を設けて薄肉部を形成し、あるいは、大きい金属板の周縁からろう材をはみ出させてフィレット部を形成することにより、小さい金属板の周縁部に薄肉部を形成したり、小さい金属板の周縁にフィレット部を形成しなくても、金属−セラミックス接合基板に金属ベース板を固定した後に、セラミックス基板にクラックが生じるのを防止することができることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 The present inventors have found that each result of intensive study to solve the above problems, on one surface of the ceramic substrate, the area of the bonding surface (preferably 80 mm 2 or more) and large metal plate, than the metal plate small area of the junction surface of the (preferably be less than 80 mm 2) and together with bonding the plurality of small metal plates arranged (preferably following intervals 1mm) apart, the peripheral portion of the large metal plate A thin part is formed by forming a step on the thin metal part, or a thin metal part is formed on the peripheral part of a small metal plate by forming a fillet part by protruding a brazing material from the peripheral part of a large metal plate, or a small metal plate even peripheral edge without forming a fillet portion of the metal - after securing the metal base plate to the ceramic bonding substrate, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks in the ceramic substrate Heading the door, which resulted in the completion of the present invention.

すなわち、本発明による金属−セラミックス接合基板は、セラミックス基板の両面に金属板が接合した金属−セラミックス接合基板において、セラミックス基板の一方の面に、接合面の面積が(好ましくは80mm以上の大きい金属板と、この金属板よりも各々の接合面の面積が小さく(好ましくは80mm未満であり且つ互いに(好ましくは1mm以下の間隔で離間して配置された複数の小さい金属板とが接合し、大きい金属板の周縁部に段差が設けられて薄肉部が形成され、小さい金属板の周縁部には薄肉部が形成されていないことを特徴とする。この金属−セラミックス接合基板において、セラミックス基板の他方の面に接合した金属板の周縁部に段差が設けられて薄肉部が形成されているのが好ましく、セラミックス基板の両面に接合した金属板が、ろう材を介してセラミックス基板に接合しているのが好ましい。 That is, the metal-ceramic bonding substrate according to the present invention is a metal-ceramic bonding substrate in which metal plates are bonded to both surfaces of the ceramic substrate, and the area of the bonding surface (preferably 80 mm 2 or more ) on one surface of the ceramic substrate. A large metal plate and a plurality of small metal plates each having an area of each joining surface smaller than this metal plate (preferably less than 80 mm 2 ) and spaced apart from each other (preferably at intervals of 1 mm or less ) ; Are joined, a step is provided in the peripheral portion of the large metal plate to form a thin portion, and a thin portion is not formed in the peripheral portion of the small metal plate . In this metal-ceramic bonding substrate, it is preferable that a step is provided in the peripheral portion of the metal plate bonded to the other surface of the ceramic substrate to form a thin portion, and the metal plate bonded to both surfaces of the ceramic substrate is It is preferable to join the ceramic substrate through a brazing material.

また、本発明による金属−セラミックス接合基板は、セラミックス基板の両面にろう材を介して金属板が接合した金属−セラミックス接合基板において、セラミックス基板の一方の面に、接合面の面積が(好ましくは80mm以上の大きい金属板と、この金属板よりも各々の接合面の面積が小さく(好ましくは80mm未満であり且つ互いに(好ましくは1mm以下の間隔で離間して配置された複数の小さい金属板とが接合し、大きい金属板の周縁からろう材がはみ出してフィレット部が形成され、小さい金属板の周縁によるフィレット部が形成されていないことを特徴とする。この金属−セラミックス接合基板において、セラミックス基板の他方の面に接合した金属板の周縁からろう材がはみ出してフィレット部が形成されているのが好ましい。 The metal-ceramic bonding substrate according to the present invention is a metal-ceramic bonding substrate in which a metal plate is bonded to both surfaces of a ceramic substrate via a brazing material, and the area of the bonding surface is preferably on one surface of the ceramic substrate (preferably A large metal plate (80 mm 2 or more ) and a plurality of metal plates that are smaller in area (preferably less than 80 mm 2 ) and spaced apart from each other (preferably at intervals of 1 mm or less ). The small metal plate is joined, the brazing material protrudes from the periphery of the large metal plate to form a fillet portion, and the fillet portion by the periphery of the small metal plate is not formed . In this metal-ceramic bonding substrate, it is preferable that the brazing material protrudes from the periphery of the metal plate bonded to the other surface of the ceramic substrate to form a fillet portion.

上記の金属−セラミックス接合基板において、セラミックス基板の他方の面に接合した金属板が、放熱用の金属ベース板に固定されているのが好ましい。   In the metal-ceramic bonding substrate, the metal plate bonded to the other surface of the ceramic substrate is preferably fixed to a metal base plate for heat dissipation.

また、本発明によるパワーモジュールは、上記の金属−セラミックス接合基板を用いたことを特徴とする。   A power module according to the present invention is characterized by using the metal-ceramic bonding substrate.

本発明によれば、金属−セラミックス接合基板に金属ベース板を固定した後に、セラミックス基板にクラックが生じるのを防止することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the ceramic substrate from being cracked after the metal base plate is fixed to the metal-ceramic bonding substrate.

本発明による金属−セラミックス接合基板の実施の形態では、セラミックス基板の一方の面に、接合面の面積が(好ましくは80mm以上の大きい金属板と、この金属板よりも各々の接合面の面積が小さく(好ましくは80mm未満であり且つ互いに(好ましくは1mm以下の間隔で離間して配置された複数の小さい金属板とがろう材を介して接合するとともに、大きい金属板の周縁部に段差が設けられて薄肉部が形成され、あるいは、大きい金属板の周縁からろう材がはみ出してフィレット部が形成されている。なお、小さい金属板の周縁部に薄肉部を形成したり、小さい金属板の周縁にフィレット部を形成する必要はない。また、セラミックス基板の他方の面にろう材を介して接合した金属板の周縁部に段差が設けられて薄肉部が形成され、あるいはセラミック基板の他方の面に接合した金属板の周縁からろう材がはみ出してフィレット部が形成されている。 In the embodiment of the metal / ceramic bonding substrate according to the present invention, a metal plate having a large bonding surface area (preferably 80 mm 2 or more ) is formed on one surface of the ceramic substrate, and each bonding surface is more than this metal plate . A plurality of small metal plates having a small area (preferably less than 80 mm 2 ) and spaced apart from each other (preferably at intervals of 1 mm or less ) are joined together via a brazing material, and the periphery of the large metal plate A step is provided in the part to form a thin part, or a brazing material protrudes from the periphery of a large metal plate to form a fillet part. In addition, it is not necessary to form a thin part in the peripheral part of a small metal plate, or to form a fillet part in the peripheral part of a small metal plate. Further, a step is provided in the peripheral portion of the metal plate joined to the other surface of the ceramic substrate via the brazing material to form a thin portion, or the brazing material from the periphery of the metal plate joined to the other surface of the ceramic substrate. Protrudes to form a fillet portion.

薄肉部またはフィレット部が形成された大きい金属板は、パワー半導体素子または端子を搭載する金属板として使用され、接合面の面積が80mm以上であり、1辺の長さが7mm以上であるのが好ましく、10mm以上であるのがさらに好ましい。一方、薄肉部またはフィレット部が形成されない複数の小さい金属板は、制御回路部を搭載する金属板として使用され、各々の接合面の面積が80mm未満であり、1辺の長さが7mm未満であるのが好ましく、また、金属板同士の間隔が1mm以下であるのが好ましく、0.8mm以下であるのがさらに好ましい。 A large metal plate formed with a thin-walled portion or a fillet portion is used as a metal plate on which a power semiconductor element or a terminal is mounted. The area of the joint surface is 80 mm 2 or more, and the length of one side is 7 mm or more. Is preferably 10 mm or more. On the other hand, a plurality of small metal plates in which a thin portion or a fillet portion is not formed are used as a metal plate on which a control circuit portion is mounted, each joining surface area is less than 80 mm 2 and the length of one side is less than 7 mm. Moreover, it is preferable that the space | interval of metal plates is 1 mm or less, and it is still more preferable that it is 0.8 mm or less.

本発明による金属−セラミックス接合基板の実施の形態では、セラミックス基板の一方の面に接合した複数の制御回路部搭載用の金属板が比較的小さく且つこれらの金属板同士の間隔が狭いために、これらの金属板の周縁部に薄肉部やフィレット部を形成することができない場合でも、セラミックス基板の同一の面に、比較的大きいパワー半導体素子または端子の搭載用の金属板を接合するとともに、この金属板の周縁部に薄肉部やフィレット部を形成し、さらに、セラミックス基板の他方の面に接合した金属板の周縁部に薄肉部やフィレット部を形成することにより、金属−セラミックス接合基板を金属ベース板に固定した後に、ヒートサイクルが加えられてもセラミックス基板にクラックが生じるのを防止することができる。   In the embodiment of the metal-ceramic bonding substrate according to the present invention, the plurality of control circuit unit mounting metal plates bonded to one surface of the ceramic substrate are relatively small and the distance between these metal plates is narrow. Even when a thin wall portion or a fillet portion cannot be formed on the peripheral edge of these metal plates, a relatively large power semiconductor element or a metal plate for mounting terminals is joined to the same surface of the ceramic substrate. A metal-ceramic bonding substrate is formed by forming a thin-walled portion or a fillet portion on the peripheral portion of the metal plate, and further forming a thin-walled portion or a fillet portion on the peripheral portion of the metal plate bonded to the other surface of the ceramic substrate. Even if a heat cycle is applied after fixing to the base plate, it is possible to prevent the ceramic substrate from cracking.

以下、添付図面を参照して、本発明による金属−セラミックス接合基板の実施例について詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of a metal / ceramic bonding substrate according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[実施例1]
図1A〜図1Hは、実施例1の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示している。
[Example 1]
1A to 1H show a manufacturing process of the metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 1. FIG.

まず、図1Aに示すように、セラミックス基板10として56mm×47mm×0.6mmの大きさの窒化アルミニウム基板を用意し、この窒化アルミニウム基板10の両面に、スクリーン印刷法によってペースト状のろう材12を塗布し、熱風乾燥によってろう材12を乾燥した。ろう材12として、金属とセラミックスの接合に使用する一般的な組成の活性金属ろう材(Ag−Cu共晶ろう材に1.5重量%のTiを添加し、金属粉とビヒクルを混合することにより作製したペースト状の活性金属ろう材)を使用した。   First, as shown in FIG. 1A, an aluminum nitride substrate having a size of 56 mm × 47 mm × 0.6 mm is prepared as a ceramic substrate 10, and a paste-like brazing material 12 is formed on both surfaces of the aluminum nitride substrate 10 by screen printing. The brazing material 12 was dried by hot air drying. Active metal brazing material having a general composition used for joining metal and ceramics as brazing material 12 (adding 1.5 wt% Ti to Ag-Cu eutectic brazing material and mixing metal powder and vehicle) The paste-like active metal brazing material produced by the above method was used.

次に、図1Bに示すように、窒化アルミニウム基板10の両面にろう材12を介して56mm×47mm×0.25mmの大きさ(窒化アルミニウム基板10と同程度またはそれ以上の大きさでよい)の銅板14を配置して真空炉に入れ、1.3×10−3Pa以下の圧力下において850℃で30分間加熱して、窒化アルミニウム基板10の両面に銅板14を接合した後、接合体を冷却して真空炉から取り出した。 Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, the size of 56 mm × 47 mm × 0.25 mm (which may be the same as or larger than that of the aluminum nitride substrate 10) via the brazing filler metal 12 on both sides of the aluminum nitride substrate 10. After placing the copper plate 14 in a vacuum furnace and heating it at 850 ° C. for 30 minutes under a pressure of 1.3 × 10 −3 Pa or less to join the copper plate 14 to both surfaces of the aluminum nitride substrate 10, the joined body Was cooled and removed from the vacuum furnace.

次に、図1Cに示すように、接合体の両側の銅板14の表面の所定の部分に、スクリーン印刷法によって紫外線硬化型のエッチングレジスト16を印刷した後、図1Dに示すように、塩化第二銅を主成分とするエッチング液で不要な銅板14を除去し、さらに、図1Eに示すように、フッ酸を含むエッチング液で不要なろう材12を除去した後、3%水酸化ナトリウム溶液でエッチングレジスト16を除去し、銅板14の形状を所定のパターン形状にした。   Next, as shown in FIG. 1C, an ultraviolet curable etching resist 16 is printed on a predetermined portion of the surface of the copper plate 14 on both sides of the joined body by a screen printing method. The unnecessary copper plate 14 is removed with an etchant containing dicopper as a main component. Further, as shown in FIG. 1E, the unnecessary brazing material 12 is removed with an etchant containing hydrofluoric acid, and then a 3% sodium hydroxide solution. Then, the etching resist 16 was removed, and the shape of the copper plate 14 was changed to a predetermined pattern shape.

次に、図1Fに示すように、接合体の両側の銅板14の表面に、スクリーン印刷法よってエッチングレジスト16と同様の紫外線硬化型のエッチングレジスト18を印刷した。このとき、窒化アルミニウム基板10の表面側(図中上側)に接合した所定のパターン形状の銅板14のうち、パワー半導体素子搭載用の比較的大きいパターンの銅板14(図中右側の銅板14)の表面には、銅板14の外周から0.5mmだけ小さいエッチングレジスト18を印刷し、細い制御回路部搭載用の比較的小さいパターンの銅板14(図中左側の銅板14で)の表面には、その全面にエッチングレジスト18を印刷した(この全面に印刷するエッチングレジスト18の大きさは、銅板14と同程度またはそれ以上の大きさであればよい)。また、窒化アルミニウム基板10の裏面側(図中下側)に接合した銅板14の表面には、銅板14の外周から0.5mmだけ小さいエッチングレジスト18を印刷した。その後、図1Gに示すように、塩化第二銅を主成分とするエッチング液で銅板14の露出部分が約半分の厚さ(0.15mm)になるようにエッチング時間を調整してエッチングを行った後、3%水酸化ナトリウム溶液でエッチングレジスト18を除去し、パワー半導体素子搭載用の比較的大きい銅板14の周縁部に段差を設けて薄肉部を形成した。 Next, as shown in FIG. 1F, an ultraviolet curable etching resist 18 similar to the etching resist 16 was printed on the surfaces of the copper plates 14 on both sides of the joined body by a screen printing method. At this time, among the copper plates 14 having a predetermined pattern shape bonded to the front surface side (upper side in the drawing) of the aluminum nitride substrate 10, the copper plate 14 having a relatively large pattern for mounting a power semiconductor element (copper plate 14 on the right side in the drawing ). An etching resist 18 which is 0.5 mm smaller than the outer periphery of the copper plate 14 is printed on the surface of the copper plate 14. An etching resist 18 was printed on the entire surface (the size of the etching resist 18 printed on the entire surface may be about the same as or larger than that of the copper plate 14). Further, an etching resist 18 smaller by 0.5 mm from the outer periphery of the copper plate 14 was printed on the surface of the copper plate 14 bonded to the back side (lower side in the figure) of the aluminum nitride substrate 10. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 1G, etching is performed by adjusting the etching time so that the exposed portion of the copper plate 14 is about half the thickness (0.15 mm) with an etchant containing cupric chloride as a main component. Thereafter, the etching resist 18 was removed with a 3% sodium hydroxide solution, and a thin step was formed by providing a step at the peripheral edge of the relatively large copper plate 14 for mounting the power semiconductor element.

最後に、図1Hに示すように、無電解Ni−Pめっきによって金属部の表面に約3μmの厚さのめっき20を施した。   Finally, as shown in FIG. 1H, the surface of the metal part was plated with a thickness of about 3 μm by electroless Ni—P plating.

このようにして製造した金属−セラミックス接合基板について、20℃→−40℃×30分→20℃×10分→125℃×30分→20℃×10分を1サイクルとするヒートサイクルを300回行った後に、銅板14とろう材12を除去して窒化アルミニウム基板10の表面を光学顕微鏡で観察したところ、窒化アルミニウム基板10の小回路部(制御回路部搭載用の銅板14)に対応する部分にクラックが発生していた。しかし、本実施例で製造した金属−セラミックス接合基板の裏面に厚さ3mmの銅ベース板(放熱板)を共晶半田で半田付け(230℃で5分間加熱)し、同様のヒートサイクル試験を行った後に、窒化アルミニウム基板10の表面を光学顕微鏡で観察したところ、窒化アルミニウム基板10にクラックが発生していなかった。   About the metal-ceramic bonding substrate manufactured in this way, heat cycle of 20 ° C. → −40 ° C. × 30 minutes → 20 ° C. × 10 minutes → 125 ° C. × 30 minutes → 20 ° C. × 10 minutes is 300 times. After performing, when the copper plate 14 and the brazing material 12 were removed and the surface of the aluminum nitride substrate 10 was observed with an optical microscope, the portion corresponding to the small circuit portion (copper plate 14 for mounting the control circuit portion) of the aluminum nitride substrate 10 Cracks occurred. However, a copper base plate (heat radiating plate) with a thickness of 3 mm was soldered with eutectic solder (heated at 230 ° C. for 5 minutes) on the back surface of the metal-ceramic bonding substrate manufactured in this example, and the same heat cycle test was performed. After performing, when the surface of the aluminum nitride substrate 10 was observed with the optical microscope, the aluminum nitride substrate 10 was not cracked.

[実施例2]
図2A〜図2Hは、実施例2の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示している。
[Example 2]
2A to 2H show a manufacturing process of the metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 2. FIG.

まず、図2Aに示すように、セラミックス基板110として実施例1と同様の窒化アルミニウム基板を用意し、この窒化アルミニウム基板110の両面に、スクリーン印刷法によって実施例1と同様のペースト状のろう材112を塗布し、熱風乾燥によってろう材112を乾燥した。なお、本実施例では、実施例1と異なり、窒化アルミニウム基板110の表面側(図中上側)には、エッチング後の銅板114に対応するそれぞれの部分に、それらの銅板114より広い範囲にわたってろう材112を印刷した。   First, as shown in FIG. 2A, an aluminum nitride substrate similar to that of Example 1 is prepared as the ceramic substrate 110, and a paste-like brazing material similar to that of Example 1 is applied to both surfaces of the aluminum nitride substrate 110 by screen printing. 112 was applied, and the brazing filler metal 112 was dried by hot air drying. In this example, unlike Example 1, the surface side (upper side in the figure) of the aluminum nitride substrate 110 would cover each part corresponding to the copper plate 114 after etching over a wider range than those copper plates 114. Material 112 was printed.

次に、図2Bに示すように、窒化アルミニウム基板110の両面にろう材112を介して実施例1と同様の銅板114を配置して真空炉に入れ、1.3×10−3Pa以下の圧力下において850℃で30分間加熱して、窒化アルミニウム基板110の両面に銅板114を接合した後、接合体を冷却して真空炉から取り出した。 Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, a copper plate 114 similar to that of Example 1 is placed on both surfaces of the aluminum nitride substrate 110 via a brazing material 112 and placed in a vacuum furnace, and the pressure is 1.3 × 10 −3 Pa or less. After heating at 850 ° C. for 30 minutes under pressure to bond the copper plate 114 to both surfaces of the aluminum nitride substrate 110, the bonded body was cooled and taken out from the vacuum furnace.

次に、図2Cに示すように、接合体の両側の銅板114の表面の所定の部分に、スクリーン印刷法によって紫外線硬化型のエッチングレジスト116を印刷した後、図2Dに示すように、塩化第二銅を主成分とするエッチング液で不要な銅板114を除去し、さらに、図2Eに示すように、フッ酸を含むエッチング液で不要なろう材112を除去した後、3%水酸化ナトリウム溶液でエッチングレジスト116を除去し、銅板114の形状を所定のパターン形状にした。   Next, as shown in FIG. 2C, an ultraviolet curable etching resist 116 is printed on a predetermined portion of the surface of the copper plate 114 on both sides of the joined body by a screen printing method. Then, as shown in FIG. The unnecessary copper plate 114 is removed with an etchant containing dicopper as a main component. Further, as shown in FIG. 2E, the unnecessary brazing material 112 is removed with an etchant containing hydrofluoric acid, and then a 3% sodium hydroxide solution. Then, the etching resist 116 was removed, and the shape of the copper plate 114 was changed to a predetermined pattern shape.

次に、図2Fに示すように、接合体の両側の銅板14の表面に、スクリーン印刷法よってエッチングレジスト116と同様の紫外線硬化型のエッチングレジスト118を印刷した。このとき、窒化アルミニウム基板110の表面側(図中上側)に接合した所定のパターン形状の銅板114のうち、パワー半導体素子搭載用の比較的大きいパターンの銅板114(図中右側の銅板114)の表面には、銅板114の外周から0.5mmだけ小さいエッチングレジスト118を印刷し、細い制御回路部搭載用の比較的小さいパターンの銅板114(図中左側の銅板114)の表面には、その全面にエッチングレジスト118を印刷した(この全面に印刷するエッチングレジスト118の大きさは、銅板114と同程度またはそれ以上の大きさであればよい)。また、窒化アルミニウム基板110の裏面側(図中下側)に接合した銅板114の表面には、銅板114の外周から0.5mmだけ小さいエッチングレジスト118を印刷した。その後、図2Gに示すように、塩化第二銅を主成分とするエッチング液で不要な銅板114を除去した後、3%水酸化ナトリウム溶液でエッチングレジスト118を除去し、大回路部として使用するパワー半導体素子搭載用の銅板114(図中右側の銅板114)の周縁からろう材112がはみ出すようにして、フィレット部を形成した。   Next, as shown in FIG. 2F, an ultraviolet curable etching resist 118 similar to the etching resist 116 was printed on the surfaces of the copper plates 14 on both sides of the joined body by a screen printing method. At this time, of the copper plate 114 having a predetermined pattern shape bonded to the front surface side (upper side in the drawing) of the aluminum nitride substrate 110, the copper plate 114 having a relatively large pattern for mounting the power semiconductor element (the copper plate 114 on the right side in the drawing). On the surface, an etching resist 118 that is smaller by 0.5 mm from the outer periphery of the copper plate 114 is printed, and on the surface of the copper plate 114 having a relatively small pattern for mounting a thin control circuit unit (the copper plate 114 on the left side in the figure), the entire surface is printed. The etching resist 118 was printed on (the size of the etching resist 118 to be printed on the entire surface may be the same as or larger than that of the copper plate 114). Further, an etching resist 118 smaller by 0.5 mm from the outer periphery of the copper plate 114 was printed on the surface of the copper plate 114 bonded to the back surface side (lower side in the figure) of the aluminum nitride substrate 110. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2G, the unnecessary copper plate 114 is removed with an etchant containing cupric chloride as a main component, and then the etching resist 118 is removed with a 3% sodium hydroxide solution to be used as a large circuit portion. The fillet portion was formed such that the brazing material 112 protruded from the periphery of the copper plate 114 for mounting the power semiconductor element (the copper plate 114 on the right side in the figure).

最後に、図2Hに示すように、無電解Ni−Pめっきによって金属部の表面に約3μmの厚さのめっき120を施した。   Finally, as shown in FIG. 2H, plating 120 having a thickness of about 3 μm was applied to the surface of the metal part by electroless Ni—P plating.

このようにして製造した金属−セラミックス接合基板について、実施例1と同様のヒートサイクル試験を行った後に、銅板114とろう材112を除去して窒化アルミニウム基板110の表面を光学顕微鏡で観察したところ、窒化アルミニウム基板110の小回路部(制御回路部搭載用の銅板114)に対応する部分にクラックが発生していた。しかし、本実施例で製造した金属−セラミックス接合基板の裏面に厚さ3mmの銅ベース板(放熱板)を共晶半田で半田付け(230℃で5分間加熱)し、同様のヒートサイクル試験を行った後に、窒化アルミニウム基板110の表面を光学顕微鏡で観察したところ、窒化アルミニウム基板110にクラックが発生していなかった。   The metal-ceramic bonding substrate thus manufactured was subjected to the same heat cycle test as in Example 1, and then the copper plate 114 and the brazing material 112 were removed and the surface of the aluminum nitride substrate 110 was observed with an optical microscope. In addition, a crack occurred in a portion corresponding to the small circuit portion (copper plate 114 for mounting the control circuit portion) of the aluminum nitride substrate 110. However, a copper base plate (heat radiating plate) with a thickness of 3 mm was soldered with eutectic solder (heated at 230 ° C. for 5 minutes) on the back surface of the metal-ceramic bonding substrate manufactured in this example, and the same heat cycle test was performed. After performing, when the surface of the aluminum nitride substrate 110 was observed with an optical microscope, the aluminum nitride substrate 110 was not cracked.

[比較例]
図3A〜図3Fは、比較例の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示している。
[Comparative example]
3A to 3F show a manufacturing process of the metal / ceramic bonding substrate of the comparative example.

まず、図3Aに示すように、セラミックス基板210として実施例1と同様の窒化アルミニウム基板を用意し、この窒化アルミニウム基板210の両面に、スクリーン印刷法によって実施例1と同様のペースト状のろう材212を塗布し、熱風乾燥によってろう材212を乾燥した。   First, as shown in FIG. 3A, an aluminum nitride substrate similar to that of Example 1 is prepared as a ceramic substrate 210, and a paste-like brazing material similar to that of Example 1 is applied to both surfaces of the aluminum nitride substrate 210 by screen printing. 212 was applied and the brazing material 212 was dried by hot air drying.

次に、図3Bに示すように、窒化アルミニウム基板210の両面にろう材212を介して実施例1と同様の銅板214を配置して真空炉に入れ、1.3×10−3Pa以下の圧力下において850℃で30分間加熱して、窒化アルミニウム基板210の両面に銅板214を接合した後、接合体を冷却して真空炉から取り出した。 Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, a copper plate 214 similar to that in Example 1 is placed on both surfaces of the aluminum nitride substrate 210 via a brazing material 212 and placed in a vacuum furnace, and the pressure is 1.3 × 10 −3 Pa or less. After heating at 850 ° C. for 30 minutes under pressure to bond the copper plate 214 to both surfaces of the aluminum nitride substrate 210, the bonded body was cooled and removed from the vacuum furnace.

次に、図3Cに示すように、接合体の両側の銅板214の表面の所定の部分に、スクリーン印刷法によって紫外線硬化型のエッチングレジスト216を印刷した後、図3Dに示すように、塩化第二銅を主成分とするエッチング液で不要な銅板214を除去し、さらに、図3Eに示すように、フッ酸を含むエッチング液で不要なろう材212を除去した後、3%水酸化ナトリウム溶液でエッチングレジスト216を除去し、銅板214の形状を所定のパターン形状にした。   Next, as shown in FIG. 3C, an ultraviolet curable etching resist 216 is printed on a predetermined portion of the surface of the copper plate 214 on both sides of the joined body by a screen printing method, and then, as shown in FIG. The unnecessary copper plate 214 is removed with an etchant containing dicopper as a main component. Further, as shown in FIG. 3E, the unnecessary brazing material 212 is removed with an etchant containing hydrofluoric acid, and then a 3% sodium hydroxide solution. Then, the etching resist 216 was removed, and the shape of the copper plate 214 was changed to a predetermined pattern shape.

最後に、図3Fに示すように、無電解Ni−Pめっきによって金属部の表面に約3μmの厚さのめっき220を施した。   Finally, as shown in FIG. 3F, a plating 220 having a thickness of about 3 μm was applied to the surface of the metal part by electroless Ni—P plating.

このようにして製造した金属−セラミックス接合基板について、実施例1と同様のヒートサイクル試験を行った後に、銅板214とろう材212を除去して窒化アルミニウム基板210の表面を光学顕微鏡で観察したところ、窒化アルミニウム基板210の大回路部(パワー半導体素子搭載用の銅板214)と小回路部(制御回路部搭載用の銅板214)に対応する部分にクラックが発生していた。また、本実施例で製造した金属−セラミックス接合基板の裏面に厚さ3mmの銅ベース板(放熱板)を共晶半田で半田付け(230℃で5分間加熱)し、同様のヒートサイクル試験を行った後に、窒化アルミニウム基板210の表面を光学顕微鏡で観察したところ、窒化アルミニウム基板210の大回路部に対応する部分にクラックが発生していた。   The metal-ceramic bonding substrate thus manufactured was subjected to the same heat cycle test as in Example 1, and then the copper plate 214 and the brazing material 212 were removed and the surface of the aluminum nitride substrate 210 was observed with an optical microscope. Cracks occurred in portions corresponding to the large circuit portion (copper plate 214 for mounting the power semiconductor element) and the small circuit portion (copper plate 214 for mounting the control circuit portion) of the aluminum nitride substrate 210. Also, a copper base plate (heat radiating plate) with a thickness of 3 mm was soldered with eutectic solder (heated at 230 ° C. for 5 minutes) to the back surface of the metal / ceramic bonding substrate manufactured in this example, and the same heat cycle test was performed. After performing, when the surface of the aluminum nitride substrate 210 was observed with an optical microscope, a crack was generated in a portion corresponding to the large circuit portion of the aluminum nitride substrate 210.

実施例1の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing process of the metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 1. 実施例1の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing process of the metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 1. 実施例1の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing process of the metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 1. 実施例1の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing process of the metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 1. 実施例1の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing process of the metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 1. 実施例1の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing process of the metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 1. 実施例1の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing process of the metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 1. 実施例1の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing process of the metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 1. 実施例2の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view showing a process for manufacturing a metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 2. FIG. 実施例2の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view showing a process for manufacturing a metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 2. FIG. 実施例2の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view showing a process for manufacturing a metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 2. FIG. 実施例2の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view showing a process for manufacturing a metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 2. FIG. 実施例2の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view showing a process for manufacturing a metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 2. FIG. 実施例2の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view showing a process for manufacturing a metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 2. FIG. 実施例2の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view showing a process for manufacturing a metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 2. FIG. 実施例2の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view showing a process for manufacturing a metal / ceramic bonding substrate of Example 2. FIG. 比較例の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the manufacturing process of the metal-ceramic bonding board | substrate of a comparative example. 比較例の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the manufacturing process of the metal-ceramic bonding board | substrate of a comparative example. 比較例の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the manufacturing process of the metal-ceramic bonding board | substrate of a comparative example. 比較例の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the manufacturing process of the metal-ceramic bonding board | substrate of a comparative example. 比較例の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the manufacturing process of the metal-ceramic bonding board | substrate of a comparative example. 比較例の金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the manufacturing process of the metal-ceramic bonding board | substrate of a comparative example.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10、110、210 セラミックス基板
12、112、212 ろう材
14、114、214 銅板
16、116、216 エッチングレジスト
18、118 エッチングレジスト
20、120、220 めっき
10, 110, 210 Ceramic substrate 12, 112, 212 Brazing material 14, 114, 214 Copper plate 16, 116, 216 Etching resist 18, 118 Etching resist 20, 120, 220 Plating

Claims (9)

セラミックス基板の両面に金属板が接合した金属−セラミックス接合基板において、セラミックス基板の一方の面に、接合面の面積が大きい金属板と、この金属板よりも各々の接合面の面積が小さく且つ互いに離間して配置された複数の小さい金属板とが接合し、前記大きい金属板の周縁部に段差が設けられて薄肉部が形成され、前記小さい金属板の周縁部には薄肉部が形成されていないことを特徴とする、金属−セラミックス接合基板。 Metal metal plate is bonded to both surfaces of the ceramic substrate - in ceramic bonding substrate, on one surface of the ceramic substrate, and the area of the joint surface and the larger metal plate, the metal plate and a small area of the bonding surface of each than each other and a plurality of small metal plates which are arranged between away is joined to the larger metal plate step is provided on the periphery of the thin portion forming thin portion at the peripheral portion of the small metal plate A metal-ceramic bonding substrate, which is not formed . 前記セラミックス基板の他方の面に接合した金属板の周縁部に段差が設けられて薄肉部が形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の金属−セラミックス接合基板。 2. The metal / ceramic bonding substrate according to claim 1, wherein the metal plate bonded to the other surface of the ceramic substrate is provided with a step at a peripheral edge portion to form a thin portion. 前記セラミックス基板の両面に接合した金属板が、ろう材を介して前記セラミックス基板に接合していることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の金属−セラミックス接合基板。 3. The metal / ceramic bonding substrate according to claim 1, wherein metal plates bonded to both surfaces of the ceramic substrate are bonded to the ceramic substrate via a brazing material. 4. セラミックス基板の両面にろう材を介して金属板が接合した金属−セラミックス接合基板において、セラミックス基板の一方の面に、接合面の面積が大きい金属板と、この金属板よりも各々の接合面の面積が小さく且つ互いに離間して配置された複数の小さい金属板とが接合し、前記大きい金属板の周縁からろう材がはみ出してフィレット部が形成され、前記小さい金属板の周縁にフィレット部が形成されていないことを特徴とする、金属−セラミックス接合基板。 Metal surfaces of the ceramic substrate via a brazing filler metal plates are bonded - in ceramic bonding substrate, on one surface of the ceramic substrate, the area of the joint surface and the large heard metal plate, joining surface of each than the metal plate area is small and a plurality of small metal plates and bonding which are disposed between away from each other, the fillet portions from the peripheral edge of the large metal plate protrude the brazing material is formed, fillet the periphery of the small metal plate A metal-ceramic bonding substrate, characterized in that no part is formed . 前記セラミックス基板の他方の面に接合した金属板の周縁からろう材がはみ出してフィレット部が形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の金属−セラミックス接合基板。 The metal-ceramic bonding substrate according to claim 4, wherein a brazing material protrudes from a peripheral edge of a metal plate bonded to the other surface of the ceramic substrate to form a fillet portion. 前記セラミックス基板の他方の面に接合した金属板が、放熱用の金属ベース板に固定されていることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の金属−セラミックス接合基板。 The metal-ceramic bonding substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a metal plate bonded to the other surface of the ceramic substrate is fixed to a metal base plate for heat dissipation. 請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の金属−セラミックス接合基板を用いたパワーモジュール。 A power module using the metal-ceramic bonding substrate according to claim 1. セラミックス基板の一方の面にろう材を介して接合した接合面積が大きい金属板と接合面積が小さい金属板のうち、大きい金属板の表面には、その外周から所定の距離だけ離間して、その表面より小さいエッチングレジストを印刷し、小さい金属板の表面には、その全面にエッチングレジストを印刷して、エッチングにより大きい金属板の周縁部に段差を設けて薄肉部を形成することを特徴とする、金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造方法。 Of the metal plate having a large bonding area and a metal plate having a small bonding area bonded to one surface of the ceramic substrate via a brazing material, the surface of the large metal plate is separated from the outer periphery by a predetermined distance. An etching resist smaller than the surface is printed, and an etching resist is printed on the entire surface of the small metal plate, and a thin portion is formed by providing a step on the periphery of the larger metal plate for etching. A method for producing a metal-ceramic bonding substrate. セラミックス基板の一方の面にろう材を介して接合した接合面積が大きい金属板と接合面積が小さい金属板のうち、大きい金属板の表面には、その外周から所定の距離だけ離間して、その表面より小さいエッチングレジストを印刷し、小さい金属板の表面には、その全面にエッチングレジストを印刷して、エッチングにより大きい金属板の周縁からろう材がはみ出すようにしてフィレット部を形成することを特徴とする、金属−セラミックス接合基板の製造方法。 Of the metal plate having a large bonding area and a metal plate having a small bonding area bonded to one surface of the ceramic substrate via a brazing material, the surface of the large metal plate is separated from the outer periphery by a predetermined distance. An etching resist smaller than the surface is printed, and an etching resist is printed on the entire surface of the small metal plate to form a fillet portion so that the brazing material protrudes from the periphery of the larger metal plate for etching. A method for producing a metal-ceramic bonding substrate.
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