JP4769129B2 - Fireproof structure of wooden buildings - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fireproof structure for a wooden building.

In recent years, in order to protect human lives from fire, buildings with high fire resistance performance have been constructed by adopting fire resistant steel (FR steel), fire resistant paint, or the like as members constituting the building.
Here, there is a phenomenon called a heat bridge (thermal bridge) as one of the causes of the spread of buildings. A heat bridge means that if there is a member or condition that easily transfers heat to a building wall that has fire resistance, heat enters the bridge from that part and is transferred to the structure inside the wall. It is a phenomenon that ends up. That is, for example, when a wall frame is constructed by joining a wooden frame material and a gypsum board with a metal fastener such as a screw, although a relatively high fireproof gypsum board is used, the thermal conductivity Therefore, heat is transferred to the frame material (wood) through the metal fastener. In other words, when wood is subjected to heat for a long time by the heat bridge, the moisture of the wood evaporates and is carbonized, so that the ignition temperature of the wood (around 260 ° C.) is reached and the building or the like may spread.

For preventing such a heat bridge, for example, Patent Document 1 describes an invention in which the head of a metal fastener (bolt) is covered with a fireproof coating material, which is a blanket-like fiber-based incombustible material. Yes.
Further, as a general structure for preventing heat bridge, as shown in FIG. 5, in a wall structure in which a gypsum board 23 and a wooden main material 24 are joined by a metal fastener 25, a metal fastener. There is a structure in which nonflammable putty 20 is applied to 25 heads (prior art 1).
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 6, in the wall structure which joined the calcium silicate board 26 used as a fire prevention board, and the wooden main material 24 with the metal fastener 25, the recessed part 21 formed in the calcium silicate board 26 is shown. In addition, a structure in which the head of the metal clasp 25 is fastened so as to be buried and the recess 21 is filled with a nonflammable filler 22 (prior art 2).

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2004-27694 (FIG. 3)

Here, the invention according to Patent Document 1 and the prior art 1 cover the head of a metal fastening tool with a refractory material or the like. Since this part swells from the wall surface, there is a problem that irregularities are formed on the wall surface and the aesthetic appearance is impaired. In addition, for example, when fastening a joinery such as a handrail using a metal fastener, covering the head of the metal fastener with a refractory material or the like has a problem of impairing the beauty of the joinery.
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 6, in the related art 2, the wall surface is flat. However, a concave portion must be provided on the wall surface, and there is a problem that the construction becomes complicated.
This invention is made | formed in order to solve this subject, and it makes it a subject to provide the fireproof structure of the wooden building which is easy to construct, without impairing aesthetics while preventing a heat bridge.

Invented in order to solve such problems, a wooden main material, a bonding material bonded to the wooden main material, and the bonding material penetrating the bonding material are used as the main material. A fireproof structure of a wooden building having a metal fastener to be joined, wherein a foam-type fireproof paint is applied to a head of the metal fastener, and a foaming temperature of the fireproof paint is 200. It is set to ˜250 ° C.

  According to this invention, since the fireproof paint is applied to the head of the metal fastening tool, an increase in the temperature of the metal fastening tool can be suppressed, and a heat bridge can be prevented. Moreover, since it only applies a fireproof paint, construction is easy. In addition, since it is a paint, it can be formed thin, and by blending colors, it can be constructed according to the color tone of the wall surface material, fittings, etc., so the aesthetic appearance is not impaired.

  Moreover, you may use the said refractory paint which foams at predetermined temperature. According to this invention, since the fireproof paint foams at a predetermined temperature, the head of the metal fastening tool is covered, so that the temperature rise of the metal fastening tool can be suppressed.

  According to the present invention, since the fireproof paint is applied to the head of the metal fastener, the temperature increase of the metal fastener can be suppressed and heat bridge can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the spread of fire in a building or the like. In addition, since the fireproof paint is simply applied to the head of the metal fastener, the construction is easy and the fireproof paint is thin, so that the fireproof structure of the wooden building is not damaged. Can do.

<First embodiment>
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing a fireproof structure of a wooden building according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is an enlarged side sectional view showing a T portion of FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view showing a reference example of the metal fastener according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing a fireproof structure of a wooden building according to the second embodiment. In addition, in 1st embodiment, the case where the fireproof structure of the wooden building which concerns on this invention is employ | adopted as the wall assembly in a frame wall construction method is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the fireproof structure 1 of the wooden building which concerns on 1st embodiment joins the main material 2, the joining material 3, and the main material 2 and the joining material 3 which comprise the wall set K. It consists of a metal fastener 4 and a refractory paint 5 applied to the head 4 a of the metal fastener 4. In the first embodiment, the wall set K is used as a partition for a house, for example.

  In the first embodiment, the main material 2 is a wooden frame material constituting the wall set K and is joined to the joining material 3. In the first embodiment, the bonding material 3 uses a fire prevention plate (for example, a calcium silicate plate). As shown in FIG. 2, the metal clasp 4 includes a head portion 4a and a shaft portion 4b, and the shaft diameter of the shaft portion 4b is a single size. The diameter of the head 4a is formed larger than the shaft diameter of the shaft portion 4b. Therefore, the surface of the head 4 a of the metal clasp 4 is exposed and bonded to the surface of the bonding material 3. In the first embodiment, the metal fastener 4 uses, for example, wood screws. The metal fastening tool 4 joins the main material 2 and the joining material 3.

In the first embodiment, a known fire resistant paint is used as the fire resistant paint 5. As shown in FIG. 2, the fireproof paint 5 is applied to the surface of the head of the metal fastener 4 with a thickness of about 1 to 2 mm.
The fire-resistant paint 5 in the first embodiment is composed of a foam layer and an overcoat layer that are ammonium polyphosphates. The refractory paint 5 foams when it reaches a predetermined temperature, and finally expands to a volume of 25 to 50 times to form a carbonized layer. Since this carbonized layer covers the surface of the head 4 a of the metal fastener 4 as a heat insulating layer, heat is prevented from being transmitted to the metal fastener 4.

  Here, the ignition temperature of the wood is said to be around 260 ° C. As described above, when wood receives heat over a long period of time, the moisture of the wood evaporates and is carbonized, so that there is a possibility that an ignition state will occur even at a temperature lower than the normal ignition temperature. Therefore, it is preferable that the foaming temperature of the refractory paint 5 (the temperature at which the effect is exerted when another form of refractory paint is used) is 200 ° C to 250 ° C.

In the first embodiment, the fireproof coating 5 is applied to the surface of the head 4 a of the metal fastening tool 4 after joining the main material 2 and the joining material 3 with the metal fastening tool 4. In addition, after apply | coating the fireproof paint 5 to the metal fastener 4 previously, you may join the main material 2 and the joining material 3 using this metal fastener 4. FIG.
Moreover, in 1st embodiment, although the fireproof coating material 5 is apply | coated only to the surface of the head 4a of the metal fastener 4, it is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the heat insulating effect can be further enhanced by using the fireproof paint 5 applied to the entire head 4 a of the metal fastener 4. Moreover, although not shown in figure, you may use what applied the fireproof coating 5 to the metal clasp 4 whole.

In addition, in 1st embodiment, since the wall group which concerns on a frame wall construction method was demonstrated to the example, the main material 2 was used as the frame material and the joining material 3 was the calcium silicate board, However, It is not limited to this. The main material 2 may be a joist, a beam, a pillar, or the like, for example. Further, the bonding material 3 may be a face material used for a floor or a ceiling, a fitting such as a handrail and a sash. Moreover, this invention is not limited to a frame wall construction method, You may employ | adopt for another construction method.
Moreover, although the metal fastener 4 used the wood screw in 1st embodiment, it is not limited to this. The metal fastener 4 may be, for example, another type of screw such as a tapping screw, or may be a bolt, a lag screw, a nail, or the like.

According to the fireproof structure 1 of the wooden building according to the first embodiment, since the fireproof paint 5 is applied to the surface of the head 4a of the metal fastening tool 4, when a fire occurs, the fireproof structure 5 is applied at a predetermined temperature. The fire-resistant paint 5 is foamed and carbonized to form a carbonized layer that covers the head 4a. Since this carbonized layer acts as a heat insulating layer, it is possible to suppress an increase in the temperature of the metal fastener 4 and to prevent a heat bridge. Moreover, by setting the foaming temperature of the fire-resistant paint 5 to 200 ° C. to 250 ° C., it is possible to prevent heat bridge more reliably by foaming before reaching the normal ignition temperature of the main material 2 (wood). it can.
Moreover, since it is only necessary to apply the fire-resistant paint 5 to the metal fastener 4, the construction is also easy. In addition, since the thickness of the fire-resistant paint 5 is about 1 mm to 2 mm, the wall surface can be formed substantially flat, and the color of the fire-resistant paint 5 is blended so as to match the color tone of the bonding material 3. Therefore, even if the wallpaper or the like is not stretched on the surface of the bonding material 3, it can be applied without impairing the beauty.

  As described above, the best mode in the present embodiment has been described in detail, but can be appropriately changed within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention. In the following description, the same reference numerals and descriptions as those in the first embodiment are omitted.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4, a fireproof structure 10 of a wooden building is formed by joining a joining material 3 that is a calcium silicate plate and a joining material 6 that is a handrail to a wooden main material 2 with metal clasps 4 and 4. The fireproof paint 5 is applied to the surface of the head of the metal fastener 4. The bonding material 6 (handrail) includes a wooden gripping portion 6a, a metal substrate 6b installed on the bonding material 3 (calcium silicate plate), and a metal connection portion 6c that connects the gripping portion 6a and the substrate 6b. Consists of. The substrate 6b and the connecting portion 6c are covered with a known fireproof coating.

  According to the second embodiment, since the fireproof paints 5 and 5 are applied to the surfaces of the heads of the metal clasps 4 and 4, the fireproof paint 5 is foamed and carbonized when a predetermined temperature is reached. Since the layer is formed, the head of the metal fastener 4 is covered with a heat insulating layer. Therefore, heat bridge can be prevented. Moreover, since the fire-resistant paint 5 has a thickness of 1 mm to 2 mm, the surface can be formed substantially flat, and the color of the joining material 6 (handrail) and the metal clasp can be formed by blending the color of the fire-resistant paint 5. Since the 4 heads can be combined, it can be constructed without impairing the beauty of the bonding material 6 (handrail).

  In the first embodiment, the bonding material 3 is described by taking a calcium silicate plate as an example. However, as in the second embodiment, a plurality of bonding materials (bonding material 3: calcium silicate plate and bonding material 6: The fireproof structure 10 of a wooden building can be constructed even by joining using a handrail. Moreover, the joining material 6 is not limited to a handrail, For example, a lighting fixture, a sash, etc. may be sufficient.

It is the whole perspective view which showed the fireproof structure of the wooden building which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is the expanded side sectional view which showed T part of FIG. It is the side view which showed the reference example of the metal clasp which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is the sectional side view which showed the fireproof structure of the wooden building which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a sectional side view which showed the prior art 1. FIG. It is a sectional side view which showed the prior art 2. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fireproof structure of wooden building 2 Main material 3 Joining material 4 Metal fastener 4a Head 4b Shaft part 5 Fireproof paint 6 Joining material (handrail)
10 Fireproof structure of wooden buildings

Claims (1)

With wooden main material,
A bonding material bonded to this wooden main material,
A metal fastener that penetrates the bonding material and bonds the bonding material to the main material;
A fireproof structure of a wooden building having
A foam-type fireproof paint is applied to the head of the metal clasp ,
2. A fireproof structure for a wooden building, wherein a temperature at which the fireproof paint foams is set to 200 to 250 ° C.

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