JP4769726B2 - コンセントリコリド及びその誘導体、それらを調製する工程、それを含む薬学的組成物並びにその使用 - Google Patents
コンセントリコリド及びその誘導体、それらを調製する工程、それを含む薬学的組成物並びにその使用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4769726B2 JP4769726B2 JP2006535929A JP2006535929A JP4769726B2 JP 4769726 B2 JP4769726 B2 JP 4769726B2 JP 2006535929 A JP2006535929 A JP 2006535929A JP 2006535929 A JP2006535929 A JP 2006535929A JP 4769726 B2 JP4769726 B2 JP 4769726B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- formula
- extract
- treatment
- hiv
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 208000031886 HIV Infections Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 208000037357 HIV infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 208000033519 human immunodeficiency virus infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 stereoisomers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000143432 Daldinia concentrica Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 33
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 241000725303 Human immunodeficiency virus Species 0.000 description 20
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 241000713772 Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Species 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000120 cytopathologic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003013 cytotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 231100000135 cytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 238000002451 electron ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000091507 Daldinia sp. Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
- NPJOJMUVGGLVJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N concentriconalide A Natural products CCC1OC(=O)C2=C1C=CC1=C2OC=C1 NPJOJMUVGGLVJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000030507 AIDS Diseases 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000287 crude extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007910 cell fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003919 heteronuclear multiple bond coherence Methods 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010255 intramuscular injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UWYVPFMHMJIBHE-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-2-hydroxybut-2-enedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C(\O)C(O)=O UWYVPFMHMJIBHE-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBNABJXQGRVIRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-4-(4-bromophenyl)sulfonylbenzene Chemical compound C1=CC(Br)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 QBNABJXQGRVIRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCSBTDBGTNZOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dinitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O HCSBTDBGTNZOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBFNMTGUOBUGFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-(2,5-diphenyltetrazol-1-ium-1-yl)-4,5-dimethyl-1,3-thiazole;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].S1C(C)=C(C)N=C1[N+]1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N=NN1C1=CC=CC=C1 FBFNMTGUOBUGFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OFJWFSNDPCAWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylbutyric acid Chemical class CCC(C(O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OFJWFSNDPCAWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005084 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance Methods 0.000 description 1
- WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxybutyric acid Chemical compound CC(O)CC(O)=O WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 4-[[(3ar,5ar,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13as)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-[(5-methylpyridine-3-carbonyl)amino]-2-oxo-1-propan-2-yl-4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-dodecahydro-3h-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl]oxy]-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound N([C@@]12CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@H]5C(C)(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C(O)=O)CC[C@]5(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@H]3C1=C(C(C2)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)C1=CN=CC(C)=C1 QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWQSAIIDOMEEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-Dimethyl-4-(3-oxobutyl)dihydro-2(3H)-furanone Chemical compound CC(=O)CCC1CC(=O)OC1(C)C AWQSAIIDOMEEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000235349 Ascomycota Species 0.000 description 1
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010041397 CD4 Antigens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical class OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000143442 Daldinia Species 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002965 ELISA Methods 0.000 description 1
- 101710121417 Envelope glycoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical class OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100034349 Integrase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182816 L-glutamine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L Malonate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC([O-])=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- QIAFMBKCNZACKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-benzoylglycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QIAFMBKCNZACKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012980 RPMI-1640 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical class [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000187747 Streptomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100036011 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 210000001744 T-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001523964 Xylariaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- UNBZCZQUBKADDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N+](=O)(O)[O-].N1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)O Chemical compound [N+](=O)(O)[O-].N1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)O UNBZCZQUBKADDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IPBVNPXQWQGGJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid phenyl ester Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 IPBVNPXQWQGGJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTIVTFGABIZHHX-UHFFFAOYSA-L acetylenedicarboxylate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C#CC([O-])=O YTIVTFGABIZHHX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003141 anti-fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000032 aromatic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940072107 ascorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzofuran Natural products C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003833 cell viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007541 cellular toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001793 charged compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- JOYKCMAPFCSKNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro benzenesulfonate Chemical compound ClOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JOYKCMAPFCSKNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVSASDOGYIBWTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro benzoate Chemical compound ClOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KVSASDOGYIBWTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940114081 cinnamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZNMYFXGBPEORA-UHFFFAOYSA-N concentricol Natural products OCC(C)=CCCC(C)(O)C(O)CCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC(O)C(C)(O)CCC=C(C)CO VZNMYFXGBPEORA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M dihydrogenphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012894 fetal calf serum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CO)CO YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC([O-])=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical class CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940049920 malate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-M mandelate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005341 metaphosphate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IZYBEMGNIUSSAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound COOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IZYBEMGNIUSSAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzoate Chemical class COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001069 nematicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC([O-])=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006186 oral dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006201 parenteral dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940049954 penicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008253 pharmaceutical paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940049953 phenylacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UORVCLMRJXCDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M propynoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C#C UORVCLMRJXCDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N protoneodioscin Natural products O(C[C@@H](CC[C@]1(O)[C@H](C)[C@@H]2[C@]3(C)[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@H]([C@]5(C)C(=CC4)C[C@@H](O[C@@H]4[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@H](CO)O4)CC5)CC3)C[C@@H]2O1)C)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003419 rna directed dna polymerase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940116351 sebacate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sebacate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229930000044 secondary metabolite Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L suberate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCC([O-])=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940086735 succinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006257 total synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M trans-cinnamate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D493/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
- C07D493/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D493/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/365—Lactones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
- A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- AIDS & HIV (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Description
D.C.Allport,J.D.Bulock,J.Chem.Soc.1958,4090、D.C.Allport,J.D.Bulock,J.Chem.Soc.,1960,654 H.Anke,M.Stadler,A.Mayer,O.Sterner,Can.J.Bot.,1995,73,802 M.Stadler,H.wollweber,A.Muhlbauer,T.Henkel,Y.Asakawa,T.Hashimoto,Y.M.Ju,J.D.Rogers,H.G.Wetzstein,H.W.Tichy,Mycotaxon 2001,77,379 M.S.Buchanan,T.Hashimoto,S.Takaoka,et al.,Phytochemistry 1996,42,173、D.N.Quang,T.Hashimoto,M.Tanaka,M.Baumgartner,M.Stadler,Y.Asakawa.Phytochemistry 2002,61,345 M.Buchanan,T.Hashimoto, and Y.Asakawa,Phytochemistry 1995,40,135 M.S.Buchanan,T.Hashimoto,and Y.Asakawa,Phytochemistry 1996,41,821.5−9
R1は、C1−C4のアルキルを表し、
R2は、H、ハロゲン、−OH、NRR’、又は−NO2を表し、
ここでR及びR’は、H又はC1−C6のアルキルを表し、
R3は、H、ハロゲン、−OH、NRR’、又は−NO2を表し、
ここでR及びR’は、H又はC1−C6のアルキルを表し、
R4は、H、ハロゲン、又は−NO2を表す。
a)雲南(Yunnan)からのダルジニアコンセントリカ(Daldinia concentrica)の子実体又は有機溶剤を備えたそれの発酵した液体を抽出すること、
b)式(II)
c)式(I)の化合物を与えるために、式(II)の化合物に臭素化、ニトロ化、又はアルキル化を受けさせること
を含む、一般式(I)の化合物又はそれの誘導体を調製するための工程に関する。
ダルジニアコンセントリカの乾燥した且つ細分された子実体(750g)を、それぞれ室温においてCHCl3−MeOH(1:1,体積/体積)及びMeOHで三回抽出した。その有機相を、組み合わせ、且つ、深い褐色の且つクリームの粗抽出物(60g)を与えるために、真空中で蒸発させた。
C12H10O3,M 202,三斜晶系,空間群P1:a=7.728(1),b=8.289(1),c=9.043(1)Å;α=106.450(5)°,β=96.321(6)°,γ=108.946(6)°;V=512.36(3)Å3,Z=2。最終的な信頼できる因子Rf=0.073及びRw=0.066(w=1/σ|F|2)合計で1369回の反射を、黒鉛で単色化された(monochromated)MoKα走査放射を備えたMAC−DIP−2030K回折計で、ω走査モードにおいて記録した。その構造を、直接的方法のSHELXS86によって解釈した。それの格子回折パターンを図7に示した。
コンセントコリドAからの2,3−ジブロモ−2,3−ジヒドロコンセントコリド(B)の調製
60mgのコンセントコリド(A,0.30mmol)を、2mlのCHCl3に溶解させ、65mgの臭素(0.41mmol)を、1mlのCHCl3に溶解させた。その臭素の溶液を、Aの溶液へ滴状に添加し、且つ、120時間の間、室温で攪拌した。その生成物を、淡黄色の針状結晶体を与えるために、濃縮したが、それを、47.2%の収率で50.8mgのBを得るために、再結晶させた。その生成物は、HPLCで二本のピークを示したが、それらは、一対の光学異性体(B1及びB2)であることが識別される。
淡黄色の針状結晶体(石油エーテル/アセトン)
EI−MS m/z(相対強度):364[M1]+(0.5),362[M2]+(1.0),360[M3]+(0.5),284 (7),282(13),280(31),278(7),202(20),173(100),145(50),117(7),89(12);1H−NMR(500 MHz,CDCl3):87.79(1H,d,J=7.7),7.19(1H,d,J=7.7),7.02(1H,d,J=3.8),5.79(1H,d,J=4.2),5.46(1H,m),2.14(1H,m),1.86(1H,m),1.06(3H,t,J=7.4);13C−NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ166.6,166.6,153.9,153.9,153.8,153.8,131.6,131.5,128.1,128.0,117.1,117.1,112.2,112.0,90.1,90.0,82.8,82.8,50.9,50.8,27.8,27.7,9.1,9.0。
2,3−ジブロモ−2,3−ジヒドロコンセントコリド(B)からの3−ブロモコンセントコリド(C)の調製
32mgのB(0.09mmol)を、2mlのメタノールに溶解させ、その溶液に、水酸化カリウムの1mlの飽和メタノール溶液を添加した。その混合物を、8時間の間、室温で攪拌した。その反応溶液を、メタノール中の1%の塩酸でpH7.0まで中和し、且つ、少量の水で希釈し、且つ、クロロホルムで抽出した。その抽出物を、粗生成物を得るために、乾燥させた。その粗生成物を、47.5%の収率で11.8mgの淡黄色の針状結晶体Cを与えるために、再結晶させた。
淡黄色の針状結晶体(石油エーテル/アセトン);融点88〜89℃;E1−MS m/z (相対強度):282[M1]+(20),280[M2]+(21),253[M1−C2H5]+(80),251[M2−C2H5]+(100),225(52),223(68);1H−NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.84(1H,d,J=8.0),7.80(1H,s),7.34(1H,d,J=8.0),5.56(1H,m),2.18(1H,m),1.84(1H,m),0.99(3H,t,J=7.4);13C−NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ167.2,149.5,149.2,144.1,128.8,126.5,116.8,111.6,98.3,82.9,27.8,8.7;2D−NMR。
コンセントコリドAからの2,5−ジニトロコンセントコリド(D)の調製
50mgのA(0.25mmol)を、1mlのCHCl3に溶解させ、その溶液に添加したのは、冷却状態での1.5mlの濃硫酸であったと共に、攪拌と共に添加したのは、滴状の1mlの硝酸であった。その混合物を、30分間の間、室温で攪拌し、且つ、次に、粉砕した氷に注入した。残存した酸を、炭酸ナトリウムを使用することによって、取り除いた。その混合物を、少量の水で希釈し、且つ、クロロホルムで抽出した。その抽出物を、粗生成物を得るために、乾燥させ、それを、44%の収率で31.8mgの淡黄色の針状結晶体Dを与えるために、再結晶させた。
淡黄色の針状結晶体(石油エーテル/アセトン);融点203〜205℃;EI−MS m/z(相対強度):292[M]+(25),263[M−C2H5]+(100);HR−TOF−MS m/z:C12H8N2O7([M+Na]−315.0220,C12H8N2O7Naについての計算値315.0229);1H−NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.98(1H,s),7.96(1H,s),6.13(1H,m),2.29(1H, m),1.77(1H,m),0.91(3H,t,J=7.4);13C−NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ163.9,155.3,149.7,147.1,140.9,128.2,126.8,114.6,106.9,84.1,26.3,9.1。
硬質のゼラチンカプセルを、以下の方法を使用して調製した。
材料及び方法
試薬及び化学薬品
MTT(3,(4,5−ジメチルチアゾール−2−イル)−2,5−ジフェニルテトラゾリウム=ブロミド)を、Amrescoから購入した。SDS(ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム)を、Servaから購入した。AZT(3P−アジド−3P−デオキシチミジン)を、Sigmaから購入した。DMF(N,N’−ジメチルホルムアミン(N,N’-Dimethyl formamine))を、Shanghai Chemical Reagents Company(中国)から購入した。
10%のウシ胎児血清(ギブコ)、2mMのL−グルタミン、10MのmHEPES、50μMの2−メルカプトエタノール、100,000IUのペニシリン、100μg/mlのストレプトマイセス硫酸塩が供給された完成したRPMI−1640媒体
試験する化合物は、コンセントコリドAであった。陽性対照:AZT、逆転写酵素阻害剤の一つ、及び、T20、融合阻害剤の一つ、を使用した。
C8166及びHIV−1IIIBに慢性的に感染したH9細胞が、Medical Research Council(MRC)、AIDS Reagent Project,UKによって供与された。全ての細胞及びウィルスは、通常の方法によって、貯蔵され、且つ、蘇生させられた。
C8166細胞におけるコンセントコリドAの細胞毒性
C8166は、HIV−1についての宿主細胞の一つであった。100μlの4×105個/mlの細胞を、マイクロタイタープレート上に接種し、100μlの様々な濃度のコンセントコリドを、添加し、且つ、72時間の間、5%CO2の加湿した雰囲気において37℃で温置した。細胞の毒性を、MTT比色分析によって分析した。そのプレートを、595/630nm(OD595/630nm)で、Bio−Tek ELx800ELISA読取装置において読み取った。50%の細胞毒性の濃度(CC50)を、以下のように計算した。
正常な細胞とHIV−1に感染した細胞との間の融合におけるコンセントコリドAの妨害
HIVに感染した細胞を、正常なTリンパ球の細胞と共同で培養したとき、感染した細胞に発現した外部の外被の糖タンパク質gp120が、細胞の融合及び融合細胞の形成の後に続き、感染してないCD4+細胞における細胞のCD4受容体に束縛された。このサイトへの標的の化合物は、融合細胞の形成を阻害するであろう。このように、この方法を、それら化合物が、ウィルスと宿主細胞との間の結合及び融合に効果を有するか否かを検出するために、使用することができるであろう。例1におけるコンセントコリドAを、96個のウェルのマイクロタイタープレート、各々の勾配における3個の繰り返されたウェル、ウェル当たり100μlにおいて、五倍に希釈した。化合物が無い陰性対照のウェル及びT−20陽性対照のウェルを、セットした。そして、対数的な成長期間における50μlのC8166細胞(6×105個/ml)及び50μlのHIV−1に慢性的に感染したH9細胞(2×105個/ml)を、各々のウェルにおいて添加した。そのプレートを、24時間の間、37℃及び5%CO2での加湿した培養器において培養し、且つ、融合細胞の形成を、コンセントコリドAがウィルス及び細胞の融合の過程を妨害するか否かを推理するために、顕微鏡下で観察した。それら結果は、図3及び4に示すようなものであった。
HIV−1に架線したC8166細胞におけるコンセントコリドAの細胞変成効果(CPE)の阻害の分析
対応する濃度の例1からのコンセントコリドAを含有する100μlの培養物の媒体へ添加したのは、C8166細胞(4×105個/ml)及び0.06の感染多重度(multiplicity of infection)(M.O.I)におけるHIV−1IIIBであった。最終的な体積は、200μlであった。AZTを、陽性の薬物の対照として使用した。それらプレートを、37℃及び5%CO2で加湿した培養器において温置した。3日の培養の後に、細胞変成効果を、倒立顕微鏡の下で各々のウェルにおける融合細胞の数を計数することによって、測定した。EC50(50%の有効濃度)は、50%の融合細胞の形成を阻害する化合物の濃度であった。細胞変成効果(CPE)阻害%=(1−融合細胞の数exp/融合細胞の数control)×100。それら結果は、図5及び6に示すようなものであった。
データは、コンセントコリドが、低い細胞毒性及び生体外でHIV−1に対する良好な活性を提示することを、実証した。選択された指標(selected index)(S.I.)は、222である。コンセントコリドの標的のサイトは、おそらく、HIVと細胞との間の結合及び融合である。そのため、HIVと細胞との間の結合及び融合を妨害する小さい分子化合物として、コンセントコリドAは、顕著な有意性を有する。
[付記]
付記(1):
一般式(I)
の化合物及びそれの誘導体であって、
R1は、C 1 −C 4 のアルキルを表し、
R2は、H、ハロゲン、−OH、NRR’、又は−NO 2 を表し、
R及びR’は、H又はC 1 −C 6 のアルキルを表し、
R3は、H、ハロゲン、−OH、NRR’、又は−NO 2 を表し、
R及びR’は、H又はC 1 −C 6 のアルキルを表し、
R4は、H、ハロゲン、又は−NO 2 を表す、化合物。
付記(2):
以下の式
によって表された化合物から選択された、付記(1)に記載の化合物。
付記(3):
式(II)
の化合物から選択された、付記(1)又は(2)に記載の化合物。
付記(4):
式(II)
の化合物を含む抽出物。
付記(5):
付記(1)乃至(3)のいずれか一つに記載の化合物若しくはそれの誘導体、又は付記(4)に記載の抽出物、及び、薬学的に許容可能な担体又は賦形剤を含む薬学的組成物。
付記(6):
式(I)の化合物を調製する工程であって、
a)雲南(Yunnan)のダルジニアコンセントリカ(Daldinia concentrica)の子実体又は有機溶剤を備えたそれらの発酵した液体を抽出すること、
b)式(II)
の化合物を与えるために、シリカゲルのカラムクロマトグラフィーによってa)からの抽出物を単離すること、
c)式(I)の化合物を与えるために、式(II)の化合物に臭素化、ニトロ化、又はアルキル化を受けさせること
を含む、工程。
付記(7):
HIV感染と関連した健康状態又は疾患の予防/処置用の薬剤の調製用の付記(1)乃至(3)のいずれか一つに記載の化合物の使用。
付記(8):
HIV感染と関連した健康状態又は疾患の予防/処置用の薬剤の調製用の付記(4)に記載の抽出物の使用。
付記(9):
前記化合物は、
から選択される、付記(5)に記載の組成物。
付記(10):
HIV感染と関連した健康状態又は疾患の予防/処置用の方法であって、
HIVに感染した患者へ付記(1)乃至(3)のいずれか一つに記載の化合物及び付記(4)に記載の抽出物を投与することを含む、方法。
Claims (9)
- HIV感染と関連させられた健康状態又は疾患の予防及び/又は処置用の薬学的な組成物であって、
請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物若しくはそれらの薬学的に許容可能な塩、立体異性体、水和物、若しくは溶媒和物、又は請求項4に記載の抽出物、及び、薬学的に許容可能な担体又は賦形剤を含む、薬学的な組成物。 - HIV感染と関連させられた健康状態又は疾患の予防及び/又は処置用の薬剤の調製のための請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物の使用。
- HIV感染と関連させられた健康状態又は疾患の予防及び/又は処置用の薬剤の調製のための請求項4に記載の抽出物の使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101107845A CN1238357C (zh) | 2003-10-22 | 2003-10-22 | 炭球菌素及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN200310110784.5 | 2003-10-22 | ||
| PCT/CN2004/001188 WO2005037841A1 (en) | 2003-10-22 | 2004-10-20 | Concentricolide and its derivatives, the preparation of the same, and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same and the use |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2007509080A JP2007509080A (ja) | 2007-04-12 |
| JP4769726B2 true JP4769726B2 (ja) | 2011-09-07 |
Family
ID=34335726
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006535929A Expired - Fee Related JP4769726B2 (ja) | 2003-10-22 | 2004-10-20 | コンセントリコリド及びその誘導体、それらを調製する工程、それを含む薬学的組成物並びにその使用 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7659308B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4769726B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1238357C (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE112004002032B4 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2005037841A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7967682B2 (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2011-06-28 | Bally Gaming, Inc. | Wireless gaming environment |
| CN103159776B (zh) * | 2013-03-11 | 2015-09-30 | 新乡医学院 | 一种天然活性产物炭球菌素及其类似物的全合成方法 |
| CN103518627B (zh) * | 2013-04-19 | 2016-04-20 | 西南林业大学 | 一株轮层炭角菌属真菌及其在制备菌纹木中的应用 |
| CN103936753B (zh) * | 2014-03-24 | 2017-09-26 | 新乡医学院 | 天然产物Daldinin及其类似物的全合成方法 |
| BR112017016614A2 (pt) | 2015-02-02 | 2018-04-03 | The State Of Israel Ministry Of Agriculture & Rural Development Agricultural Res Organization Aro Vo | utilizações de daldinia sp. ou de compostos orgânicos voláteis derivados da mesma |
| BR112019004180A2 (pt) | 2016-08-28 | 2019-05-28 | The State Of Israel Ministry Of Agriculture & Rural Development Agricultural Res Organization A R O | método de controle de infecções fúngicas em plantas. |
| CA3082301A1 (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2019-05-23 | The State Of Israel, Ministry Of Agriculture & Rural Development, Agricultural Research Organization (Aro) (Volcani Center) | Pesticides and methods of controlling pests |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5489586A (en) * | 1994-03-07 | 1996-02-06 | Warner-Lambert Company | Method for treating inflammatory disease in humans |
-
2003
- 2003-10-22 CN CNB2003101107845A patent/CN1238357C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-10-20 DE DE112004002032T patent/DE112004002032B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-20 JP JP2006535929A patent/JP4769726B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-20 WO PCT/CN2004/001188 patent/WO2005037841A1/zh not_active Ceased
- 2004-10-20 US US10/576,758 patent/US7659308B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2005037841A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
| CN1238357C (zh) | 2006-01-25 |
| CN1537855A (zh) | 2004-10-20 |
| DE112004002032B4 (de) | 2010-09-02 |
| US7659308B2 (en) | 2010-02-09 |
| JP2007509080A (ja) | 2007-04-12 |
| US20070155830A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
| DE112004002032T5 (de) | 2006-10-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP7749263B2 (ja) | Kat6阻害剤としての化合物 | |
| JP3176935B2 (ja) | ドーパミンリセプタサプタイプ特異性リガンドとしてのn―アミノアルキルジベンゾフランカルボキサミド | |
| JPS59225150A (ja) | 殺生物性芳香族化合物、その合成および医薬としてのその使用 | |
| US20190070154A1 (en) | New methods of use for an anti-diarrhea agent | |
| Tatipamula et al. | Antimicrobial and anti tubercular activities of isolates and semi synthetic derivatives of lichen Ramalina leiodea (Nyl.) Nyl. | |
| JP4769726B2 (ja) | コンセントリコリド及びその誘導体、それらを調製する工程、それを含む薬学的組成物並びにその使用 | |
| KR20150041786A (ko) | 암치료 및 면역억제를 위한 조합요법 | |
| KR101558475B1 (ko) | 인돌리진 유도체, 이의 약학적으로 허용 가능한 염, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 유효성분으로 포함하는 약학적 조성물 | |
| CN102381951B (zh) | 含环己酮的姜黄素单羰基结构类似物及其用途 | |
| CN117924404B (zh) | 一种基于雷公藤红素的protac化合物、制备方法及应用 | |
| WO1999032115A1 (en) | Modulators of ryanodine receptors comprising 2-(aryl)-4,7-dioxobenzothiazoles and analogues thereof | |
| KR102042411B1 (ko) | 데커신 유도체를 포함하는 결핵 예방 또는 치료용 조성물 | |
| CN115160251B (zh) | 一种n-n-双-恶唑烷酮生物碱类化合物、制备方法及在医药领域的应用 | |
| CN110563679A (zh) | 一种倍半萜内酯类化合物及其制备方法和在制备防治鼻咽癌的药物中的应用 | |
| CN105399708A (zh) | 抗肝纤维化青霉呋喃酮a化合物及其药物组合物和应用 | |
| WO1998049895A1 (en) | Selectively cytotoxic acetogenin compounds | |
| RU2527561C2 (ru) | Ингибиторы протеинфосфатазы-1 и их применение | |
| CN116120327B (zh) | β-榄香烯13,14-位对称的双取代衍生物及其制备方法和应用 | |
| CN114573504A (zh) | 一种含N-OH键的β-榄香烯衍生物及其制备方法和应用 | |
| CN105330629A (zh) | 抗肝纤维化青霉呋喃酮a化合物及其药物组合物和应用 | |
| CA1304359C (en) | Antitumor and antiviral compositions of marine origin | |
| CN118772129B (zh) | 一种化合物及其制备方法和用途 | |
| JP3740284B2 (ja) | 抗マラリア活性を有する新規化合物又はその塩 | |
| KR101457638B1 (ko) | 피라졸릴나프탈레놀 유도체, 그 제법 및 그것을 포함하는 항암 조성물 | |
| KR102958327B1 (ko) | Kras 돌연변이체 단백질 억제제 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20071019 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20101012 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20110107 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20110208 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20110428 |
|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20110524 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20110620 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140624 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |