JP4775952B2 - Building power supply system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building power supply system.

  Generally, in a building such as a house, commercial power supplied from an electric power company is taken in, and various electric loads (such as home appliances and lighting equipment) in the building are driven by the commercial power. In this case, from the viewpoints of economics and global energy conservation, it is required to appropriately manage the power consumption in the house, and various techniques for monitoring the power consumption on the user side have been proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  Also, in recent years, an external power supply that can be powered by a separate system from the commercial power supply system is used so that the power can be used in a building such as a house even in the event of a power outage due to a disaster, etc. Technologies for driving electrical loads in buildings are being studied. In this case, it is conceivable to use a small generator or a car as an external power supply.

However, when power is supplied from an external power supply device at the time of a power failure, it is conceivable that the electric load used is arbitrarily added or reduced by the user. In this case, when an electric load is added, there is a possibility that the power demand is excessive with respect to the power supply capability of the external power supply device, and that the power supply by the external power supply device is suddenly stopped. Suddenly stopping the power supply by the external power supply device at the time of a power failure or the like is a very inconvenient situation for the user, and a technique capable of improving the inconvenience is desired.
JP 2000-193696 A

  The present invention mainly provides a building power supply system that can continuously supply power from a power supply device even when the supply of commercial power is stopped (a power failure state) during a disaster or the like. It is the purpose.

  Hereinafter, means and the like effective for solving the above-described problems will be described while showing functions and effects as necessary. In the following, in order to facilitate understanding, a corresponding configuration example in the embodiment of the invention is appropriately shown in parentheses, etc., but is not limited to the specific configuration shown in parentheses.

  In the building power supply system according to the present invention, either a commercial power system or a power supply device (external power supply device 30) different from the commercial power system is used to supply power to each electrical load in the building (electric load L such as a home appliance). Is going to do. Then, the power monitoring means (power monitoring devices 44 to 46) monitors the power usage status by the electric load for each system (power lines D1 to D3) that can be fed at the time of feeding from the power supply device. The power control means (controller 47) controls the power supply to the electric load for each system according to the power usage status monitored by the power monitoring means.

  According to the above configuration, when power is supplied from the power supply device, it is possible to grasp whether the power usage by the electrical load is large or small, and it is possible to realize proper power management according to the power usage status. At this time, since power management can be performed for each system, various and detailed power management is possible. Therefore, even if the supply of commercial power is stopped during a disaster or the like (power failure state), continuous power can be supplied from the power supply device to the system required by the user.

  A room that needs to be supplied when commercial power supply is stopped (at the time of a power failure) may be specified in advance, and power may be supplied from the power supply device to the system corresponding to the room. For example, in a house, it is preferable to supply power to a room or a common space shared by residents such as a living room, a dining room, a kitchen, and a toilet during a power failure.

  Here, when the power consumption is measured for each system that can be fed from the power supply device, and the power supply to the electric load is controlled for each system based on the maximum power amount determined for each system and the measured value of the power consumption. good. In this case, power management without excess or deficiency can be performed for each system.

  In addition, the power consumption may be measured for each system that can be fed from the power supply device, and the power supply to the electric load may be controlled for each system based on the power supply capability of the power supply device and the measured value of the power consumption. In this case, it is possible to eliminate the inconvenience that power is consumed exceeding the supply capability of the power supply device, and as a result, power supply by the power supply device is stopped unexpectedly.

  In order to continuously supply power from the power supply device, it is desirable to limit the use of electric loads so that the number of electric loads to be used is not excessive, and each of the electric loads as shown in (1) and (2) below. It is good to manage the power supply state to the load.

  (1) The power margin is calculated from the power supply capability of the power supply device and the measured value of the power consumption, and when the power margin is small, the power supply to the low priority system is stopped according to a predetermined priority order.

  (2) When adding an electric load (such as a home appliance) used by the user during power supply by the power supply device, the power margin after the addition of the electric load is predicted, and the power margin after the prediction is small is determined in advance. The power supply to the low priority system is stopped according to the priority.

  According to the above (1), since power supply to the electric load in use is stopped according to the power margin of the power supply device, the power margin of the power supply device can always be ensured. Thereby, it is possible to perform appropriate power supply within a limited range of power supply capability. In addition, the inconvenience that power supply from the power supply device is suddenly stopped can be solved. At this time, since the system (electric load) to which power supply is stopped first has a low priority, it is considered that there is little trouble for the user.

  Further, according to the above (2), when adding an electric load to be used by the user, it is possible to eliminate the inconvenience that power demand is excessive due to the addition of the load, thereby suddenly stopping power supply from the power supply device. At this time, since the system (electric load) whose power supply is stopped with the use of a new electric load is low in priority, it is considered that there is little trouble for the user.

  In the above (1) and (2), it is preferable that the priority of power supply can be arbitrarily changed by the user.

  Moreover, the structure which switches the electric power supply from a commercial power grid | system, or to supply electric power from a power supply device with a switching device (power supply switching device 21) is assumed. In this configuration, when the switching device tries to switch the power supply from the commercial power system to the power supply device, the means for temporarily shifting the electric load to a non-power supply state in which no power is supplied from any power source, It is preferable to include means for predicting power consumption required immediately after power switching in a power supply state, and means for performing power switching by the switching device after performing power limitation according to the predicted power consumption. .

  According to the above configuration, when the power source is switched from the commercial power system to the power source device, it is possible to eliminate the inconvenience that power consumption is excessive immediately after the switching and power supply from the power source device is suddenly stopped. Moreover, it can suppress that the output electric power of a power supply device raises at a stretch and a power supply device fails by it.

  When power is switched from the commercial power system to the power supply device when a power failure occurs, it is desirable for the user to be able to continuously use the electrical load that was used before the power failure occurred (that is, before the power switch). Therefore, when the power supply from the commercial power system is interrupted, the electrical load that was in the power supply state immediately before the interruption is stored, and priority is given to the stored electrical load when starting the power supply by the power supply device after the commercial power supply is interrupted. It is better to supply power. As a result, the same electrical load can be used before and after the power switch, and convenience is improved.

  A display device (such as a display device provided in the power monitoring devices 44 to 46) for displaying the monitoring status by the power monitoring unit and the control status by the power control unit may be provided. Thereby, the user can easily know the power supply status from the outside.

  Here, at the time of power supply by the power supply device, it is preferable to calculate a future power supply time when the current power use by the electric load is continued and to display the power supply time on the display device. Thereby, the user can grasp the future power supply time, and if the power supply time is short, the user can intentionally limit the use of the electric load and prolong the power supply time.

  Further, at the time of power feeding by the power supply device, it is preferable to determine an electric load usage pattern that can be fed based on the power margin each time and display the electric load usage pattern on the display device. In this case, if the user uses the electrical load according to the electrical load usage pattern displayed on the display device, it is possible to suppress the inconvenience that power is consumed exceeding the power supply capability of the power supply device. The electric load usage pattern is not limited to one pattern, and a plurality of patterns may be displayed.

  Vehicles such as automobiles are generally widely used. Therefore, a vehicle having at least one of a power storage function and a power generation function is preferably used as the power supply device. In this case, the power storage function is realized by the battery of the vehicle. In addition, a power generation function is realized by an alternator (generator) that generates power by operating an in-vehicle engine.

  Here, it is conceivable to use, as a power supply device, a hybrid type vehicle including an engine and a motor that are power sources, an alternator, and a battery. In this case, the power stored in the battery is supplied to the building when the battery has a large amount of electricity when power is supplied to the building, and the engine is started when the battery has a small amount of electricity. It is good to supply the electric power generated by the building side. By performing vehicle energy management as described above, it is possible to suitably perform power supply from the vehicle to the building over a long period of time.

  When power is supplied to the building side by the vehicle, the power supply may be performed on the condition that energy that enables traveling for at least a predetermined travel distance remains on the vehicle side. Thereby, it can utilize also as a moving means which is the original use purpose of a vehicle, utilizing a vehicle as a power supply device. Therefore, when the fuel of the vehicle becomes low, it can move to the fuel stand and receive fuel supply. In addition, it is possible to move to an evacuation site or the like using a vehicle in the event of a disaster.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, an electrical load in a house using either commercial power supplied from an electric power company or power supplied from an external power supply device having a power storage or power generation function (hereinafter also referred to as external power) FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of the present power supply system.

  In FIG. 1, commercial power is supplied to the distribution board 11 via a transmission line and a power meter (not shown). The distribution board 11 includes a main breaker 12 and a branch breaker 13 provided for each of a plurality of branch power lines 14. The branch power line 14 is provided for each power supply system in the house, and power is supplied to various electric loads L such as home appliances, computer equipment, and lighting fixtures connected to the power outlets of each room through each branch power line 14. Is done.

  The power switching device 21 is connected to the external power supply device 30 in addition to being connected to the distribution board 11, and is supplied via the distribution board 11 and the branch power line 14 by the power switching device 21. One of commercial power and external power supplied from the external power supply device 30 is taken into the house. In the case of the present embodiment, the power supply switching device 21 is in a state in which power can be supplied by commercial power (commercial power ON state), a state in which power can be supplied by the external power source device 30 (external power ON state), The state is switched to one of a prohibited state (power supply OFF state). For example, the power supply switching device 21 is held at the “commercial ON position” during normal use, and the power supply switching device 21 is switched to the “external ON position” when a power failure occurs, that is, when supply of commercial power is stopped.

  A power control unit 22 is provided between the power supply switching device 21 and the electric load L. The power control unit 22 has a function of monitoring the power usage status each time and blocking the power line leading to the electric load L as necessary. The details will be described later.

  In this system, it is set as the structure which can receive electric power supply from the external power supply device 30 for specific electric load among the electric loads L provided in a house. In FIG. 1, LA represents a load group that can be operated by supplying commercial power, and LB represents a load group that can be operated by supplying external power in addition to the commercial power. In this case, each electric load L included in the load group LB is supplied with either commercial power or external power according to the switching state of the power supply switching device 21.

  In the present embodiment, it is possible to supply external power to the electric load L provided in the living room, dining room, and kitchen in the house, and the electric load L provided in the living room corresponds to the load group LB. In this case, in order to supply external electric power to each electric load L of the load group LB, it is considered to be an emergency such as a power failure. In this sense, the load group LB (electric load L) provided in the living room or the like can be referred to as an “emergency power supply load”.

  However, which electric load L is used as the emergency power supply load can be arbitrarily changed according to the setting of the user or manufacturer. Moreover, when the electrical load L provided in the house is few, or when the power supply capability of the external power supply device 30 is high, etc., it is possible to supply external power to all the electrical loads L in the house. Also good.

  As the external power supply device 30, a power storage device having a power storage function (secondary battery or the like), a power generation device having a power generation function, a power storage / power generation device having both power storage and power generation functions, or these power storage devices, power generation devices, power storage・ Vehicles equipped with power generators can be applied.

  FIG. 2 is an electrical configuration diagram showing details of the power control unit 22 and its peripheral configuration. In FIG. 2, a configuration using a hybrid vehicle 31 equipped with an engine 32 and a motor 33 as a power source is assumed as the external power supply device 30, and power stored in the battery 34 of the hybrid vehicle 31 is extracted as external power. It is supposed to be. In the hybrid vehicle, when the engine 32 is in an operating state, power is generated by the alternator (generator) 35, so that the power generated by the alternator 35 is also taken out as external power.

  The hybrid vehicle 31 is provided with an ECU (electronic control unit) 36 for controlling the driving of the engine 32 and the motor 33 and managing the storage state (remaining capacity, etc.) of the battery 34. In addition, the hybrid vehicle 31 is provided with a power output terminal 37 for extracting power. A coupling plug 38 connected to the external ON terminal of the power supply switching device 21 can be coupled to the power output terminal 37. When the coupling plug 38 is inserted into the power output terminal 37 by the user, the coupling plug 38 and Electric power is supplied from the hybrid vehicle 31 to the house side (power supply switching device 21) via the external power line 39.

  However, the electrical connection between the hybrid vehicle 31 and the house side (power supply switching device 21) is not limited to the case where the user needs to insert the connection plug 38 as described above, and the hybrid vehicle 31 is placed in a predetermined parking space. When the vehicle is parked, the hybrid vehicle 31 and the house side (power supply switching device 21) may be automatically electrically coupled.

  Power lines D1 to D3 are provided in the living room, dining room, and kitchen rooms, respectively. In the electric power control part 22, the interruption | blocking apparatus 41,42,43 and the electric power monitoring apparatus 44,45,46 are provided for every electric power line D1-D3 of each room. The power control unit 22 is provided with a controller 47 having a known microcomputer equipped with a CPU, various memories, and the like. The controller 47 is normally operated by power supply through the power line, but can be operated by an internal power source such as a battery even when power supply through the power line is stopped.

  The shut-off devices 41 to 43 are power shut-off means for individually shutting off power for each of the power lines D1 to D3. When the shut-off devices 41 to 43 are opened individually, power shut-off can be realized in units of systems. ing.

  The power monitoring devices 44 to 46 have a power measurement function for measuring the amount of power supplied through the power lines D1 to D3, and the measurement result of the power amount (power consumption) is sequentially transmitted to the controller 47. In addition, the power monitoring devices 44 to 46 include a display device (display unit), a lamp device, and the like for displaying the measurement result of the electric energy. By displaying the measurement result of the amount of power on the display device, the user can easily check the power usage status each time. In addition to the display function or instead of the display function, the power monitoring devices 44 to 46 may be provided with a sound generation function so that the measurement result of the power amount is transmitted to the user by voice.

  The controller 47 is sequentially input with the amount of power measured by each of the power monitoring devices 44 to 46, and is also input with power failure information transmitted from the distribution board 11, etc., power supply restart information after a power failure. In addition, the power generation information transmitted from the ECU 36 of the hybrid vehicle 31, the remaining capacity information of the battery 34, and the like are input to the controller 47.

  The controller 47 performs switching of the power supply switching device 21 based on the power failure information and the power supply resumption information, the power monitoring result for each of the power lines D1 to D3 by the power monitoring devices 44 to 46, and the power from the hybrid vehicle 31 to the house. Based on the supply state, the opening / closing operation of each of the shut-off devices 41 to 43 is executed. In FIG. 2, for the sake of convenience, the signal lines from the controller 47 to the shut-off devices 41 to 43 are shown as common signal lines, but actually the open / close states of the shut-off devices 41 to 43 are individually controlled. ing.

  The housing-side controller 47 and the ECU 36 of the hybrid vehicle 31 can communicate with each other when the housing side and the hybrid vehicle 31 are connected to electricity via the coupling plug 38 and the external power line 39. Yes. However, the controller 47 and the ECU 36 of the hybrid vehicle 31 may be configured to communicate with each other by wireless communication.

  As an actual configuration, the shut-off devices 41 to 43, the power monitoring devices 44 to 46 and the controller 47 constituting the power control unit 22 are embodied as an integrated device. In this case, it is desirable that the integrated device be installed in a place such as a living room where a user in the house can easily check. However, among these shut-off devices 41 to 43, power monitoring devices 44 to 46, and controller 47, the shut-off devices 41 to 43 and the power monitoring devices 44 to 46 are integrated for each power line D1 to D3 (system). It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the blocking devices 41 to 43 and the controller 47 are integrated. When each device is provided for each of the power lines D1 to D3 (system), the device is preferably installed in each room corresponding thereto.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing external power supply start control processing executed by the controller 47. This process is started, for example, with the input of power failure information (power failure occurrence signal) from the distribution board 11 as a trigger.

  In FIG. 3, first, in step S11, a cutoff signal is output to the cutoff devices 41-43. Thereby, the interruption | blocking apparatuses 41-43 will be in an open state, and the electrical path | route between electric loads L (emergency electric power feeding load), such as a power supply system and a living room, will be interrupted | blocked once. In step S12, the power supply switching device 21 is operated to execute switching from the commercial power ON state to the power supply OFF state.

  Next, in step S13, a power supply command is output to the hybrid vehicle 31 (external power supply device 30). However, at that time, if the house side and the hybrid vehicle 31 are not electrically connected, prior to the power supply command, a notification by voice or the like is given so that the electrical connection is made. Then, the housing side and the hybrid vehicle 31 are electrically connected by, for example, the coupling plug 38 being inserted into the power output terminal 37 by this notification, and then a power feed command is output to the hybrid vehicle 31.

  When the ECU 36 receives a power supply command from the house on the hybrid vehicle 31 side, the ECU 36 starts supplying power to the house. At this time, the ECU 36 monitors the remaining capacity of the battery 34 and, if the remaining capacity is sufficient, starts to supply power to the house using the electric energy of the battery 34. If the remaining capacity of the battery 43 is small, the engine 32 is started, and power supply to the house is started using the power generated by the alternator 35.

  Thereafter, in step S14, it is determined whether power supply from the hybrid vehicle 31 has been started. If power supply has been started, the process proceeds to step S15. If power supply has not been started, the process ends.

  In step S15, the power supply capability of the hybrid vehicle 31 is calculated based on the remaining capacity information of the battery 34 received from the ECU 36 of the hybrid vehicle 31, and in the subsequent step S16, the electric load predicted to start energization immediately after the start of power supply. Estimate the power consumption. At this time, it is preferable to determine an electrical load to be energized immediately after the start of power supply based on what the electrical load was used immediately before the occurrence of the power failure. Specifically, the electrical load information used immediately before the occurrence of a power failure is stored in the memory in the controller 47. The stored electrical load (the electrical load used immediately before the power failure) is prioritized, and the electrical load to be fed is determined immediately after the start of feeding.

  In step S17, the power margin after the start of power feeding from the hybrid vehicle 31 is estimated based on the calculated values in steps S15 and S16 (power margin = power feeding capacity−power consumption). Thereafter, in step S18, the power lines D1 to D3 that can be fed are determined according to the estimated power margin, and the cutoff devices 41 to 43 corresponding to the power lines D1 to D3 that can be fed are closed. At this time, if the power margin is relatively large, all of the shut-off devices 41 to 43 are closed. If the power margin is relatively small, only the shut-off device having a high priority is closed. Finally, in step S19, the power supply switching device 21 is operated to execute switching from the power supply OFF state to the external power ON state.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a power control process executed after starting the supply of external power. This process is repeatedly executed by the controller 47 at a predetermined time period.

  In FIG. 4, first, in step S21, the power consumption by the electric load currently in use is calculated. At this time, the power consumption is calculated as the sum of the power amounts for the power lines D1 to D3 measured by the power monitoring devices 44 to 46. In step S22, the power supply capacity of the hybrid vehicle 31 is calculated based on the remaining capacity information of the battery 34 received from the ECU 36 of the hybrid vehicle 31, the power generation information of the alternator 35, and the like. In step S23, a power margin is calculated based on the difference between the power consumption on the house side and the power supply capability of the hybrid vehicle 31 (power margin = power supply capability−power consumption).

  Thereafter, in step S24, the power margin at that time is compared with a predetermined threshold value to determine whether or not the power margin is small. When the power margin is small, the process proceeds to step S25, and the power supply to the power lines D1 to D3 having a low priority order is stopped according to the predetermined priority order. That is, among the shut-off devices 41 to 43 provided on the power lines D1 to D3, the shut-off device for the power line with the lower priority is opened. Thereby, the power margin can be recovered. At this time, the priority order is set in advance, but can be arbitrarily changed by the user.

  In the subsequent step S26, a warning for notifying that the power margin is small is executed. At this time, for example, warning is performed using the power monitoring devices 44 to 46 provided for each of the power lines D1 to D3. By giving a warning in this way, the user can be notified that there is no power margin.

  Thereafter, in step S27, it is determined whether or not a request for adding an electric load by the user has been entered, specifically, whether or not the user has requested to use a new electric load. If there is no request for adding an electrical load, this process is terminated. If there is a request for adding an electrical load, the process proceeds to step S28, and a power margin is estimated on the assumption that an electrical load has been added. At this time, the power consumption after adding the electric load is calculated, and the power margin is calculated based on the power consumption and the power supply capability of the hybrid vehicle 31 at that time.

  In step S29, the power margin calculated in step S28 is compared with a predetermined threshold value to determine whether the power margin is small. If the power margin is large, the process proceeds to step S31, and the current electric load is allowed to be added.

  If the power margin is small, the process proceeds to step S30, and power supply to the power lines D1 to D3 having a low priority is stopped according to a predetermined priority. That is, among the shut-off devices 41 to 43 provided on the power lines D1 to D3, the shut-off device for the power line with the lower priority is opened. After that, in step S31, addition of the current electric load is permitted.

  According to the embodiment described above in detail, the following excellent effects can be obtained.

  According to the configuration of the system described above, it is possible to grasp whether the power usage by the electric load is large or small at the time of power feeding from the hybrid vehicle 31 (external power supply device 30) at the time of a power failure or the like. Appropriate power management can be realized. At this time, since power management can be performed for each of the power lines D1 to D3 (system), various and fine power management is possible. Therefore, even if the supply of commercial power is stopped in the event of a disaster (power failure state), the hybrid vehicle 31 (external power supply device 30) continuously supplies power to the system required by the user. be able to.

  In the above configuration, power management is performed for each of the power lines D1 to D3, and the shut-off devices 41 to 43 of the power lines D1 to D3 are opened and closed according to the power margin status. There is no need to turn off individual power switches. In this case, it is troublesome to individually turn off the power switches of home appliances and the like that are numerous and are provided in a scattered manner, but it is possible to save time and effort required for the troublesome work.

  Since the power margin is calculated based on the power supply capability of the hybrid vehicle 31 and the power consumption measured by each of the power lines D1 to D3, and the power management is performed for each of the power lines D1 to D3 according to the power margin, the hybrid It is possible to eliminate the inconvenience that power is consumed exceeding the supply capability of the automobile 31, and as a result, the power supply by the hybrid automobile 31 is stopped unexpectedly.

  More specifically, when the power margin is small, the power supply to the power lines D1 to D3 having a low priority is stopped according to a predetermined priority, so that the power margin can always be secured. Thereby, it is possible to perform appropriate power supply within a limited range of power supply capability. At this time, in particular, since the power lines D1 to D3 to which power supply is stopped first have a low priority, it is considered that there is little trouble for the user.

  In addition, when adding an electric load (such as a home appliance) used by the user, the power margin after the addition of the electric load is predicted, and when the predicted power margin is small, priority is given according to a predetermined priority order. Since the power supply to the power lines D1 to D3 with lower ranks is stopped, there is an excessive demand for power when adding an electric load used by the user, thereby eliminating the inconvenience that the power supply from the hybrid vehicle 31 is suddenly stopped. it can. At this time, since the power lines D1 to D3 whose power supply is stopped with the use of a new electric load are low in priority order, it is considered that there is little trouble for the user.

  At the start of power supply from the hybrid vehicle 31 after the occurrence of a power failure, it does not know which home appliances in the house are turned on, and each of them is turned on even if many home appliances are turned on. It is difficult to turn it off. Therefore, immediately after switching the power supply, there are too many electric loads in the power ON state, resulting in excessive power consumption, which may cause inconvenience that power supply from the hybrid vehicle 31 is suddenly stopped. In this respect, in the present embodiment, when the power supply system is switched, the power switching device 21 is temporarily turned off to predict the power consumption immediately after the power switching, and the power is limited according to the predicted power consumption. After that, since the power source switching by the power source switching device 21 is executed, the inconvenience that power supply from the hybrid vehicle 31 is suddenly stopped immediately after the power source switching as described above can be avoided. Moreover, it can suppress that the output electric power of the hybrid vehicle 31 rises at a stretch, and thereby the power supply system of the hybrid vehicle 31 breaks down.

  Since the information on the electrical load used immediately before the power failure occurs in the memory when the power failure occurs, the same electrical load can be used before and after the power switch, and convenience is improved. Thereby, it becomes possible for the user to continuously use the electric load that was used before the occurrence of the power failure (that is, before the power supply switching).

  In the configuration in which the hybrid vehicle 31 is used as the external power supply device 30, when the remaining amount of electricity in the battery 34 is large, the electric power stored in the battery 34 is supplied to the house side, and when the remaining amount of electricity in the battery 34 is small Since the engine 32 is started and the electric power generated by the alternator 35 is supplied to the house side, power can be suitably supplied from the vehicle to the house side over a long period of time.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the content of description of the said embodiment, For example, you may implement as follows.

  In the above embodiment, the total power consumption of the power lines D1 to D3 is obtained, and the power management in the system is performed by the total power consumption. However, this is changed. For example, power consumption is measured for each of the power lines D1 to D3, and power management is performed for each of the power lines D1 to D3 based on the maximum power amount determined for each of the power lines D1 to D3 and the measured value of the power consumption. In this case, power management without excess or deficiency can be performed for each of the power lines D1 to D3.

  In the above embodiment, the controller 47 for controlling the power of each room (living room, dining room, and kitchen) for supplying external power is provided in the power control unit 22, but this configuration is changed. For example, the structure which controls separately the electric power of each system | strain of a living room, a dining room, and a kitchen for every system | strain may be sufficient. In this case, a controller (control device) is provided in each of the power monitoring devices 44 to 46 for each of the power lines D1 to D3, individually monitors the power amount of each power line D1 to D3, and appropriately opens and closes the shut-off devices 41 to 43. . In this configuration, a controller, a display device, and the like are provided for each of the power monitoring devices 44 to 46, and the power usage status and the remaining power for each of the power lines D1 to D3 are displayed on the display device in real time. Further, when the power margin becomes small in each of the power lines D1 to D3, a warning or the like may be performed by each person.

  When a controller is provided for each of the power lines D1 to D3 as described above, it is preferable to add a configuration that enables mutual communication between the controllers so that data can be transmitted and received between them. In this case, each controller can display the power usage status of other systems and the power usage status of the entire system.

  In the above embodiment, the power lines D1 to D3 branched for each room of the living room, the dining room, and the kitchen are provided, and the power lines D1 to D3 can be individually blocked by the blocking devices 41 to 43. It is good also as a structure which can change and can provide one interruption | blocking apparatus in the point (power line aggregate | assembly part) before branching of each power line D1-D3, and can cut off each power line D1-D3 collectively by the interruption | blocking apparatus.

  At the time of power supply by the hybrid vehicle 31, a future power supply time is calculated in the case where the current power use by the electric load is continued, and the power supply time is displayed on a display device (a display device provided in the power monitoring devices 44 to 46, etc. ) May be displayed. Thereby, the user can grasp the future power supply time, and if the power supply time is short, the user can intentionally limit the use of the electric load and prolong the power supply time.

  Further, at the time of power feeding by the hybrid vehicle 31, an electric load usage pattern that can be fed is determined based on a power margin each time, and the electric load usage pattern is displayed on a display device (display devices provided in the power monitoring devices 44 to 46, etc.). May be displayed. In this case, if the user uses the electrical load according to the electrical load usage pattern displayed on the display device, it is possible to suppress the disadvantage that power is consumed exceeding the power supply capability of the hybrid vehicle 31. The electric load usage pattern is not limited to one pattern, and a plurality of patterns may be displayed.

As the electric load usage pattern, for example, the following patterns can be considered.
Pattern 1. "Living fixtures, air conditioners, TVs"&"Diningfixtures"&"Kitchenfixtures"
Pattern 2. "Living lighting fixtures, personal computers"&"Dining lighting fixtures"
Pattern 3. "Living fixtures for living, dining, kitchen and toilet"
Each pattern described above is preferably determined according to a predetermined priority order.

  It is also possible to use power line communication (PLC) technology to perform power control between various electric loads in the house and the power control unit 22. In this case, the usage status of the home appliance is transmitted to the power control unit 22 via a communication device (PLC modem) provided in the home appliance. And in the power control part 22, power control is performed for every system | strain based on each reception information.

  In the above embodiment, the controller 47 switches the power supply switching device 21. However, this may be changed and manually performed by the user.

  When power is supplied from the hybrid vehicle 31 to the house side, the power supply may be performed on the condition that the hybrid vehicle 31 side has energy that enables traveling for at least a predetermined travel distance. At this time, power supply by the hybrid vehicle 31 may be stopped when the fuel remaining in the fuel tank becomes a predetermined amount or less. As a result, the hybrid vehicle 31 can be used as a moving means that is the intended use of the vehicle while using the hybrid vehicle 31 as an external power supply. Therefore, when the fuel of the vehicle becomes low, it can move to the fuel stand and receive fuel supply. In addition, it is possible to move to an evacuation site or the like using a vehicle in the event of a disaster.

In the above-described embodiment, the hybrid vehicle 31 is used as the external power supply device 30. However, it is also possible to change this. The application example is shown below.
(1) An electric vehicle including a motor as a power source is used as the external power supply device 30. In this case, the electrical energy stored in the battery of the electric vehicle is taken out as external power and supplied to the house side.
(2) A vehicle equipped with an engine as a power source is used as the external power supply device 30. In this case, the engine is put into an operating state, and electric power generated by an alternator (generator) is taken out and supplied to the house side.
(3) A small domestic generator is used as the external power supply 30. In this case, the generator is started and the electric power generated by the generator is supplied to the house. When a small generator is used, the rated output is determined, and therefore it is preferable to determine the power supply capacity and the power margin of the entire system based on the rated output.
(4) As the external power supply device 30, a fuel cell device arranged in a house is used. In this case, electric energy supplied from the fuel cell device is taken out as external power and supplied to the house.

  The present invention can be applied to buildings such as stores, hospitals, and office buildings in addition to houses.

The figure which shows schematic structure of the electric power supply system of a house. The electrical block diagram which shows the detail of an electric power control part and its periphery structure. The flowchart which shows the electric power feeding start control process performed at the time of the electric power feeding start of external electric power. The flowchart which shows the power control process performed after external power supply.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Distribution board, 21 ... Power supply switching device, 22 ... Electric power control part, 30 ... External power supply device, 31 ... Hybrid vehicle, 32 ... Engine, 33 ... Motor, 34 ... Alternator, 35 ... ECU, 41-43 ... Shut off Apparatus, 44-46 ... electric power monitoring apparatus, 47 ... controller, D1-D3 ... electric power line, L ... electric load.

Claims (11)

A building power supply system that uses one of a commercial power system and a separate power supply to supply power to each electrical load in the building,
A power monitoring means for monitoring a power usage status by the electric load at the time of power feeding from the power supply device;
Power control means for controlling power feeding to each electric load by selectively stopping power feeding from the power supply device to each electric load according to the power usage monitored by the power monitoring means;
With
The power supply device is a hybrid type vehicle including an engine and a motor that are power sources, a power generation unit that generates power by driving the engine, and a power storage unit that is stored by driving the engine or regenerating electric power of the motor. ,
At the time of power supply from the vehicle to the building side, if the electric capacity of the power storage unit is large, the power stored in the power storage unit is supplied to the building side, and when the remaining power of the power storage unit is low, A building power supply system that starts an engine and supplies power generated by the power generation unit to a building. The power supply is carried out on the condition that when the vehicle supplies power to the building side, fuel for operating the engine that enables at least a predetermined travel distance remains on the vehicle side. The building power supply system described. A display device for displaying the monitoring status by the power monitoring means and the control status by the power control means;
At the time of power feeding by the vehicle, the power control means calculates a power margin from the power feeding capacity of the vehicle and the power consumption on the building side,
The building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one or a plurality of electric load usage patterns that are combinations of electric loads that can be fed are determined based on the calculated power margin, and the electric load usage patterns are displayed on the display device. Power supply system. When the vehicle is not electrically connected to the building side, the power control means executes a notification process for prompting the connection prior to a power supply command to the vehicle. 4. The building power supply system according to any one of 3 above.   The power control means calculates a power margin from the power supply capacity of the vehicle and the measured value of the power consumption on the building side, and when the power margin is small, the power control means moves to a system with a lower priority according to a predetermined priority order. The building power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the power supply of the building is stopped.   The building power supply system according to claim 5, wherein the priority is set by a user.   The power control means predicts a power margin after the addition of the electric load when adding an electric load to be used by a user during power supply by the vehicle, and determines a predetermined priority when the predicted power margin is small. The building power supply system according to claim 5 or 6, wherein power supply to a low priority system is stopped according to the rank. A switching device that switches between feeding from a commercial power system and feeding from the vehicle with respect to the electrical load;
Means for making a transition to a non-power-feeding state in which power is not supplied from any power source to the electric load when the power source is switched from the commercial power system to the vehicle by the switching device;
The building power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 7. Means for predicting power consumption required immediately after power switching in the non-powered state;
Means for performing power switching by the switching device after performing power limitation to selectively stop power feeding to each electric load according to the predicted power consumption;
The building power supply system according to claim 8, comprising:   At the time of power supply by the vehicle, when the current power use by the electric load is continued, a future power supply time from the vehicle is calculated, and the power supply time is displayed so that the user of the building can visually recognize The building power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.   Each electric load is divided into a plurality of systems, the power monitoring means monitors the power usage status for each system, and the power control means executes power feeding control for each system. The building power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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