JP4777926B2 - Shellfish culture method - Google Patents
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- JP4777926B2 JP4777926B2 JP2007078301A JP2007078301A JP4777926B2 JP 4777926 B2 JP4777926 B2 JP 4777926B2 JP 2007078301 A JP2007078301 A JP 2007078301A JP 2007078301 A JP2007078301 A JP 2007078301A JP 4777926 B2 JP4777926 B2 JP 4777926B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Description
本発明は、貝類を垂下式にて養殖する方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for culturing shellfish in a hanging manner.
貝類を養殖する方法としては、針金やロープ等の基材に貝類を取り付け、海中で養殖する垂下式が一般的である。貝類を取り付ける方法としては、針金やロープにカゴを取り付け、その中に適当量の稚貝を入れて養殖する方法（カゴ養殖）や、貝に直接穴を開けてビニール紐や結束バンド等により固定する方法、帆立貝などを採苗器として採取した稚貝をそのまま養殖する方法（はだか吊り）などが知られている。 As a method of culturing shellfish, a hanging type is generally used in which shellfish are attached to a base material such as a wire or a rope and cultured in the sea. Shells can be attached by attaching a basket to a wire or rope and placing an appropriate amount of juvenile shellfish in it (cargo culture), or by making a hole directly in the shell and fixing it with a vinyl string or a binding band. And a method of cultivating juveniles collected as scallops as a seedling device (hanging naked) are known.
しかしながら、カゴを用いた場合、カゴの大きさに合わせて垂下するロープの間隔を確保する必要があり、養殖量が制限される場合があった。ビニール紐や結束バンド等により固定する方法は、貝の種類によっては使用不可能な場合があり、養殖後の貝の取り外し行程にも多大な労力を要する。また、採苗器をそのまま用いて養殖した場合、貝が密集して付着していると成長が抑制され、商品として十分な大きさにならない場合や、形状が歪になる場合がある。 However, when a cage is used, it is necessary to secure the distance between the ropes depending on the size of the cage, and the amount of culture is sometimes limited. The method of fixing with a vinyl string, a binding band or the like may not be usable depending on the type of shellfish, and requires a great deal of labor for the shell removal process after cultivation. Moreover, when it cultures using a seedling device as it is, when the shellfish are densely adhered, growth is suppressed, and the size may not be sufficient as a product, or the shape may be distorted.
これらを改善するため、接着剤を用いて貝類を基材に接着し、これを養殖する方法が提案されている（特許文献１、特許文献２）。しかしながら、これらはいずれも有機系の接着剤を用いるものであるため、耐久性が十分ではなかった。また、有機系接着剤は、環境への影響が懸念される。
従って、本発明の目的は、貝類を垂下式にて養殖する方法において、効率的に貝類を養殖する方法を提供することにある。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently cultivating shellfish in a method for culturing shellfish in a hanging manner.
本発明者らは、斯かる実情に鑑み、種々検討した結果、セメントを主成分とする接着材により稚貝を垂下連へ固定すれば、効率的に垂下連を作成できるとともに、貝類を養殖できることを見出し、本発明を完成した。 As a result of various studies in view of such a situation, the present inventors can efficiently create a drooping ream and can cultivate shellfish by fixing a juvenile shell to a drought ream using an adhesive mainly composed of cement. The present invention has been completed.
すなわち、本発明は、貝類を垂下式にて養殖する方法において、セメントを主成分とし、アルカリ土類金属の炭酸塩を１０〜５０質量％含有する水硬性組成物のスラリーからなる接着材により、稚貝を垂下連へ固定することを特徴とする貝類の養殖方法を提供するものである。 That is, the present invention is a method for cultivating shellfish in a drooping manner, with an adhesive comprising a slurry of a hydraulic composition containing cement as a main component and containing 10-50% by mass of an alkaline earth metal carbonate, The present invention provides a method for cultivating shellfish characterized by fixing juvenile shellfish to the drooping chain.
本発明によれば、効率よく稚貝を基材に固定させることができ、生産性が向上し、付加価値の高い商品の養殖が可能となる。また、養殖後の剥離作業も容易であり、出荷量の調整も容易である。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a juvenile can be efficiently fixed to a base material, productivity improves, and culture | cultivation of a high value added product is attained. Moreover, the peeling work after aquaculture is easy, and the adjustment of the shipping amount is also easy.
本発明で用いる水硬性組成物は、セメントを主成分とし、アルカリ土類金属の炭酸塩を１０〜５０質量％含有するものである。
ここで用いるセメントとしては、ポルトランドセメント類のほか、高炉セメント、フライアッシュセメント、スラグセメント、エコセメント、アルミナセメントなどを１種又は２種以上を適当な割合で混合したものを用いることが可能である。作業性や強度発現性の点から、特に早強ポルトランドセメント、普通ポルトランドセメントを用いるのが好ましい。これらセメントは、単独で用いることも可能であるが、必要に応じて石膏類、石灰石微粉末、シリカフューム、カルシウムアルミネートなどの混和材を混合して用いることもできる。
セメントは、水硬性組成物中に２０〜９０質量％、特に３５〜８０質量％含有されるのが好ましい。
The hydraulic composition used in the present invention contains cement as a main component and contains 10 to 50% by mass of an alkaline earth metal carbonate.
As the cement used here, in addition to Portland cements, blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, slag cement, eco cement, alumina cement, or the like mixed in an appropriate ratio can be used. is there. From the viewpoint of workability and strength development, it is particularly preferable to use early-strength Portland cement and ordinary Portland cement. These cements can be used alone, but can also be used by mixing admixtures such as gypsum, limestone fine powder, silica fume, and calcium aluminate as necessary.
The cement is preferably contained in the hydraulic composition in an amount of 20 to 90% by mass, particularly 35 to 80% by mass.
また、アルカリ土類金属の炭酸塩としては、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム等が挙げられる。これらのアルカリ土類金属の炭酸塩は、ＢＥＴ式比表面積０．８〜７m2／ｇ、特に１．２〜６．５m2／ｇであるのが、水硬性組成物のスラリーを適度な粘性に調整することができるので好ましい。
アルカリ土類金属の炭酸塩は、水硬性組成物中に１０〜５０質量％、好ましくは２０〜４０質量％含有される。１０質量％未満では、スラリーの粘性を適度に調整する効果が十分に得られず、５０質量％を超えると、接着材が硬化した後の強度発現性が低下するため好ましくない。
Examples of the alkaline earth metal carbonate include calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate. These alkaline earth metal carbonates have a BET specific surface area of 0.8 to 7 m 2 / g, particularly 1.2 to 6.5 m 2 / g. It can be adjusted to be preferable.
The alkaline earth metal carbonate is contained in the hydraulic composition in an amount of 10 to 50% by mass, preferably 20 to 40% by mass. If it is less than 10% by mass, the effect of appropriately adjusting the viscosity of the slurry cannot be obtained sufficiently, and if it exceeds 50% by mass, strength development after the adhesive is cured is unfavorable.
接着材となるスラリーは、水硬性組成物と水を混合して、練り混ぜることにより調製される。これらの混合割合は、水硬性組成物１００質量部に対し、水２５〜４５質量部、特に３０〜４０質量部であるのが好ましい。 The slurry to be an adhesive is prepared by mixing the hydraulic composition and water and kneading. The mixing ratio of these is preferably 25 to 45 parts by mass, particularly 30 to 40 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic composition.
スラリーのスランプ値は、３０mm以下、特に１０〜２５mm；また、スラリーのフロー値は、８０mm以下、特に６０〜７０mmであるのが、作業性が良好であり、接着材を施用した後に貝上から流れ落ちずに留まることができるので好ましい。 The slump value of the slurry is 30 mm or less, in particular 10 to 25 mm; and the flow value of the slurry is 80 mm or less, particularly 60 to 70 mm, because the workability is good, and after applying the adhesive, It is preferable because it can stay without flowing down.
本発明方法により養殖する貝類としては、牡蠣、帆立貝等が挙げられ、特に牡蠣の養殖に好適である。
貝類の稚貝は、通常の方法により、採苗器により採取したものを用いることができる。稚貝の大きさは、１．５〜１０cm、特に３〜８cmのものを用いるのが好ましい。
Examples of shellfish cultivated by the method of the present invention include oysters and scallops, and are particularly suitable for oyster culture.
As the shellfish, shellfish collected by a seedling device can be used by a usual method. The size of the juvenile shellfish is preferably 1.5 to 10 cm, particularly 3 to 8 cm.
垂下連の基材としては、針金、ロープ等が挙げられる。また、基材の長さは２〜８ｍ、特に２〜６ｍであるのが好ましい。 Examples of the base material of the drooping line include a wire and a rope. Moreover, it is preferable that the length of a base material is 2-8 m, especially 2-6 m.
本発明においては、針金、ロープ等の基材に、前記のようなスラリーからなる接着材を用いて稚貝を固定する。この際、１点当たりの稚貝の数は、１〜６個、特に２〜４個であるのが、十分な大きさで、良好な形状の貝を得るために好ましい。また、垂下連１本当たりの稚貝の付着数は、６０〜１５０個、特に８０〜１２０個であるのが好ましい。 In the present invention, a juvenile shellfish is fixed to a base material such as a wire or a rope using an adhesive made of the slurry as described above. At this time, the number of juvenile shells per point is preferably 1 to 6, particularly 2 to 4 in order to obtain a shell having a sufficient size and a good shape. Moreover, it is preferable that the number of juveniles attached per droop is 60 to 150, particularly 80 to 120.
接着材は、貝１個当たり５〜４０ｇ用いて、稚貝を基材に接着するのが好ましい。基材の１点に複数個の稚貝を接着させる場合は、接着した稚貝の位置が基材を中心として均等になるよう予めいくつかの稚貝を並べておき、接着する稚貝の個数や形状に合わせて適当量の接着材を施用する。 The adhesive is preferably used in an amount of 5 to 40 g per shell to bond the juvenile shell to the base material. When a plurality of juvenile shells are bonded to one point of the base material, several juvenile shells are arranged in advance so that the positions of the joined juvenile shellfish are uniform around the base material. Apply an appropriate amount of adhesive according to the shape.
接着後、接着材を十分に硬化させ、垂下連として、通常の方法により貝類を養殖すればよい。 After bonding, the adhesive is sufficiently cured, and shellfish may be cultivated by a normal method as a drooping chain.
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に詳しく説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples.
実施例１
（１）水硬性組成物の調製：
早強ポルトランドセメントおよび普通ポルトランドセメント（太平洋セメント社製）を用い、表１の配合となるよう、ＢＥＴ比表面積の異なる炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、塩化カルシウム、硫酸ナトリウム（いずれも市販品）から選定される材料を加え、ヘンシェルミキサーにより混合して、Ａ〜Ｆの水硬性組成物（本発明品）を調製した。また、比較のため、早強ポルトランドセメント単体による参考品Ｇ（混合なし）、早強ポルトランドセメント４００００ｇに対してＢＥＴ比表面積０．７m2／ｇである炭酸カルシウムを６００００ｇ混合して得た参考品Ｈもあわせて調製した。
Example 1
(1) Preparation of hydraulic composition:
Select from calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium chloride, and sodium sulfate (all commercially available) with different BET specific surface areas, using early-strength Portland cement and ordinary Portland cement (manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement Co., Ltd.). The materials to be added were mixed with a Henschel mixer to prepare hydraulic compositions A to F (product of the present invention). Further, for comparison, reference product G obtained by mixing early strong Portland cement alone (without mixing) and reference product obtained by mixing 60000 g of calcium carbonate having a BET specific surface area of 0.7 m 2 / g with 40000 g of early strong Portland cement. H was also prepared.
（２）接着材スラリーの調製：
５℃において、表２に示す配合となるよう、前記Ａ〜Ｈの水硬性組成物に水を加え、ホバートミキサーにより約２分間混練して、接着材スラリーを調製した。
(2) Preparation of adhesive slurry:
At 5 ° C., water was added to the hydraulic compositions A to H so as to have the composition shown in Table 2, and kneaded for about 2 minutes by a Hobart mixer to prepare an adhesive slurry.
（３）採苗状況：
前記接着材スラリーをＪＡＳＳ１５Ｍ−１０３「セルフレベリング材の品質基準」にあるΦ５０mm×ｈ５１mmフローコーンを用い、スラリーのスランプ値およびフロー値を測定した。また、練り上がり直後の状態を目視観察により評価し、さらに、実際に牡蠣貝殻に接着材を塗布した時の状態や作業性について評価を行なった。これらの結果を表３に示す。なお、表中の比較例１については、粘性が高く接着材がフローコーンに多量に付着したため、スランプ値およびフロー値の測定は行なわなかった。
(3) Seedling situation:
A slump value and a flow value of the slurry were measured by using a Φ50 mm × h51 mm flow cone in JASS15M-103 “Quality Standard for Self-Leveling Material”. Moreover, the state immediately after kneading was evaluated by visual observation, and further, the state and workability when an adhesive was actually applied to the oyster shell were evaluated. These results are shown in Table 3. In addition, about the comparative example 1 in a table | surface, since the viscosity was high and the adhesive material adhered abundantly to the flow cone, the slump value and the flow value were not measured.
（評価基準）
（ｉ）練り上がり状態：
○；適度な粘性を持ち、材料の分離などがない状態。
△；粘性が高く練り混ぜ時に十分な練り返しが必要となる状態、もしくは、粘性が低下して練りませ後の接着材表面に水が浮いてくる状態。
×；粘性が高すぎて接着材がミキサー内部に付着してしまい十分な練り混ぜが行なえない状態、もしくは、粘性が低すぎて練り混ぜ時に材料分離が見られる状態。
(Evaluation criteria)
(I) Kneaded state:
○: A state with moderate viscosity and no material separation.
Δ: A state where the viscosity is high and sufficient re-mixing is required at the time of kneading, or a state where water is floated on the surface of the adhesive after kneading due to a decrease in viscosity.
X: A state where the adhesive is adhered to the inside of the mixer because the viscosity is too high and sufficient mixing cannot be performed, or a state where the material is separated during mixing because the viscosity is too low.
（ii）塗布状態・作業性：
○；練り匙などで容易に塗布することができ、施用した後に軽く振動を加えても接着材がほとんど流動しない状態。
△；接着材の粘性が高く練り匙からの離れが悪い状態、もしくは、粘性が低く塗布後に軽く振動を加えた場合に接着材が流れ出してしまう状態。
×；粘性が高すぎて接着材が練り匙から離れない状態、もしくは、粘性が低すぎて塗布時に振動を加えることなく接着材が流れ出してしまう状態。
(Ii) Application state / workability:
○: Can be easily applied with a kneader or the like, and the adhesive hardly flows even if lightly vibrated after application.
Δ: A state in which the adhesive has a high viscosity and the separation from the kneading pad is poor, or a state in which the adhesive flows out when the viscosity is low and light vibration is applied after application.
X: A state in which the viscosity is too high so that the adhesive does not separate from the kneading pad, or a state in which the adhesive flows out without applying vibration during application because the viscosity is too low.
表３より、本発明で用いる水硬性組成物を使用した接着材スラリーは、適度な粘性を有し、垂下連を作製する際の作業において良好な作業性を供することができる。 From Table 3, the adhesive slurry using the hydraulic composition used in the present invention has an appropriate viscosity, and can provide good workability in the operation for preparing the drooping series.
Claims (5)
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| JP2007078301A JP4777926B2 (en) | 2007-03-26 | 2007-03-26 | Shellfish culture method |
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| JP2007078301A JP4777926B2 (en) | 2007-03-26 | 2007-03-26 | Shellfish culture method |
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| JP4777926B2 true JP4777926B2 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4870104B2 (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2012-02-08 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Shellfish culture method |
| JP5528030B2 (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2014-06-25 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | How to collect shellfish seeds |
| JP2011147353A (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2011-08-04 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | Method for culturing shellfish |
| CN103120140B (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2014-07-23 | 大连海洋岛水产集团股份有限公司 | Scallop cultivation method |
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Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |