JP4778290B2 - Facility equipment operation management system - Google Patents

Description

  In the present invention, an energy supply entity installs equipment for each consumer that can reduce carbon dioxide emissions when supplying energy to the consumer, and the energy supply entity collects the value of the supplied energy. The present invention relates to an operation management system for equipment used for supply service.

  In recent years, global warming has been reported, and reduction of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane gas that convert infrared rays into thermal energy has been proposed. Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbon, perfluorocarbon, sulfur hexafluoride, etc. are known as greenhouse gases, but especially reduce the amount of carbon dioxide that accounts for the majority of greenhouse gases. It is hoped that.

In order to reduce the discharge amount of carbon dioxide gas, there are considered a measure to increase energy efficiency in equipment that discharges carbon dioxide gas and a measure to give profit and loss according to the discharge amount of carbon dioxide gas. As the former, it is considered to use a cogeneration facility that supplies electricity and heat at the same time, or to use a gas heat pump with high energy efficiency in air conditioning. In addition, as the latter, in order to facilitate acquisition and transfer of carbon dioxide emission rights (that is, carbon dioxide emission reduction credits), the amount of carbon dioxide generated in the consumer is calculated from the energy usage of the consumer, There has been proposed a system that calculates a difference between a target value of the amount of carbon dioxide gas used as a reference and the amount of carbon dioxide gas generated as a carbon dioxide emission right (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the system described in Patent Document 1, the carbon dioxide emission rights are bought and sold according to the price in the trading market of the carbon dioxide emission rights, and accumulated, and the accumulated carbon dioxide emission rights are distributed to consumers. It is described that it is charged in addition to the energy usage fee of the house.
JP 2003-331088 A

  In the contents described in Patent Document 1, the carbon dioxide emission right calculated based on the energy usage amount of the consumer is distributed to the consumer and reflected in the energy usage fee of the consumer. This means that there is a profit and loss in the form of a fee. However, since this measure tries to suppress the emission of carbon dioxide gas by saving energy to the consumer, the consumer is inconvenienced.

  On the other hand, the use of equipment with high energy efficiency by customers can be said to be a desirable measure because it can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide emissions without losing convenience for consumers. The price is high, and there is a problem that it cannot be easily used by consumers for price reasons.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned reasons, and its purpose is to enable consumers to easily use energy-efficient equipment without initial cost and to operate the equipment. It is an object of the present invention to provide an operation management system for facility equipment that can automatically receive certification regarding the reduction amount of carbon dioxide emission and can motivate the reduction of carbon dioxide emission.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention installs equipment for each consumer that can reduce carbon dioxide emissions when supplying energy, and collects the consideration for the energy supplied to the consumer using the equipment. The energy supply entity that rents the equipment to the energy supply entity and collects rental fees from the consideration of the energy supplied by the energy supply entity to the consumer, and the demand measured by the energy supply entity The energy supply company entrusts the certification of the reduction amount of carbon dioxide emission from the consumer by cooperating with the certification mechanism that authenticates the reduction amount of carbon dioxide emission using the energy supply amount to the house. In an energy supply service, a system used by an energy supply entity, the first measuring means for measuring the amount of energy supplied to a consumer accompanying the operation of equipment A second measurement means for measuring the supply amount of the energy medium supplied to operate the equipment and a second measurement from the baseline discharge amount, which is the carbon dioxide discharge amount obtained from the measurement value by the first measurement means. A reduction amount calculation means for calculating a value obtained by subtracting a project emission amount, which is a carbon dioxide emission amount obtained from a measurement value by the means, as a reduction amount of the carbon dioxide emission amount, and a calculation result by the reduction amount calculation means is notified to the authentication mechanism. The amount of energy calculated from the measured value of the energy supply measured by the notifying unit and the first measuring unit is allocated to the rent, and the total amount of CO2 emission reduction calculated by the reduction calculating unit is targeted. And a repayment amount calculation means for calculating a rent to be repaid to the financial institution so that the payment of the rent is completed when the value is reached .

  According to the configuration of the invention of claim 1, since the equipment provided by the energy supplier is leased from the financial institution is installed in the consumer, and the consideration for the energy supplied in accordance with the operation of the equipment is used for the rent. Houses can use energy-efficient equipment without initial costs simply by paying for the energy generated by the operation of the equipment. In addition, because the CO2 emission reduction due to the operation of equipment was certified by a third-party certification mechanism, consumers were certified for CO2 emission reduction due to the use of new equipment. Reliable information can be obtained automatically. Obtaining carbon dioxide emission reduction certification will give consumers a social assessment, and this will motivate them to reduce carbon dioxide emission.

  The present invention is a system used by an energy supply entity in an energy supply service provided to a customer through cooperation of an energy supply entity, a financial institution, and an authentication mechanism. In the embodiment described below, It is assumed that the body is a gas company, the financial institution is a leasing company, and the certification mechanism is a mechanism that performs certification regarding carbon dioxide emission reduction from a neutral standpoint. This kind of authentication mechanism already exists in the country.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a gas company 2 that supplies fuel gas as an energy medium to a consumer 1 has facility equipment operated by the supply of fuel gas in the site of the consumer 1. It is assumed that it is installed (a1) and necessary energy is supplied to the customer 1 by operating this equipment. Therefore, as the equipment, a cogeneration facility is assumed in which electric energy is output by operation of the gas engine and heat energy can be extracted in a usable form. However, even if only heat energy is taken out, such as a gas heat pump or an absorption chiller / heater, or only electric energy is taken out like a fuel cell, if it is more energy efficient than the conventional product It can be used as equipment. In other words, any equipment that can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide emission when taking out the same energy as the conventional equipment can be used as the equipment intended by the present invention.

  The equipment installed in the customer 1 is leased from the lease company 3 by the gas company 2 by a lease contract (a2). As described above, in this embodiment, a cogeneration facility is assumed as the equipment. Therefore, the electric power is generated by supplying the fuel gas to extract the electric energy, and the heat generated in the gas engine or the generator along with the power generation. By recovering the heat energy, the heat energy can be extracted in a usable form.

  The customer 1 pays the gas company 2 for the fuel gas consumed in the cogeneration facility and for the energy generated using the cogeneration facility (a3). Energy generated by cogeneration facilities includes electrical energy and thermal energy. Generally, it is sufficient to make a contract that only pays for electric energy, but it is necessary to include the price according to the use of thermal energy. It is also possible. The price for energy is allocated to the lease fee for the lease company 3 (a4). As shown in Fig. 3, the lease payments are kept at a constant level during the lease period, the portion corresponding to the interest rate, fixed assets, and insurance premiums, the portion X1 that decreases at a constant rate during the lease period, and the portion corresponding to the principal Part X2. Since the amount of energy used is allocated to the lease fee as described above, the total amount of the lease fee corresponds to the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions. During the lease period, a target value for the reduction amount of carbon dioxide emissions is set, and when the reduction amount reaches the target value, the total amount of the lease fee is paid. Therefore, the lease period can be expanded or contracted according to the period required for the target value of the reduction amount to be achieved. Further, since the portion X2 can be obtained as the total amount of carbon dioxide emission reduction × unit price, if the lease period is not shortened, the unit price can be reduced as the reduction amount increases. The amount of CO2 emission reduction is evaluated in unit periods such as semi-annual units or one-year units.

  To determine the amount of CO2 emission reduction, generate the same amount of electric energy and heat energy as when generating electrical energy and heat energy by operating the equipment. If the carbon dioxide emission amount at the time of estimation is estimated, the reduction amount of the carbon dioxide emission amount by using a new equipment can be estimated from the difference between the two. The calculation method will be described later.

  The reduction amount of carbon dioxide emission estimated by the gas company 2 is disclosed on the web 5 by the gas company 2 (a5), and this is authenticated by the authentication mechanism 4 which is a third party (a6, a7). The amount of carbon dioxide emission reduction achieved by the customer 1 is certified. Thus, by making public the reduction amount authenticated by the authentication mechanism 4, the consumer 1 can confirm the reduction amount of the carbon dioxide gas emission amount and obtain an evaluation of social contribution. In addition, if the certification mechanism 4 creates a so-called environmental accounting report from the amount of CO2 emission reduction and reports it to the customer 1, if the customer 1 is a stock company, a general meeting of shareholders, etc. It is possible to gain the trust of shareholders by publishing an environmental accounting report in Japan.

  Hereinafter, a method for estimating the reduction amount of carbon dioxide emission will be described. In order to estimate the reduction amount, it is necessary to estimate the conventional carbon dioxide emission amount that is discharged to obtain electric energy and thermal energy in the customer 1. Assuming that electric energy is purchased from an electric power company, it is assumed that heat energy is supplied using a boiler that burns natural gas. Therefore, the amount of carbon dioxide emission corresponding to the electric energy can be estimated by multiplying the amount of power supplied from the power company by a given coefficient. Further, the carbon dioxide gas discharge amount corresponding to the heat energy can be obtained from the product of the amount of hot water supplied and the hot water temperature. However, in actuality, the carbon dioxide emission amount is obtained by the following calculation using the temperature difference between the water supplied to the boiler and the discharged hot water and the flow rate of the water passing through the boiler. The conventional carbon dioxide emission amount thus obtained is referred to as a baseline emission amount.

Of the baseline emissions, the carbon dioxide emissions EME [kgCO ₂ / period] per unit period for electrical energy is obtained by multiplying the amount of electricity E [kWh] supplied from the power company by a given coefficient k1 as described above. Is calculated by The coefficient k1 is given as (marginal emission coefficient / thermal emission coefficient of a general electric utility) [kgCO ₂ / kWh]. That is, EME = k1 · E (for example, k1 = 0.69 [kgCO ₂ / kWh]).

On the other hand, the carbon dioxide emission amount EMG per unit period related to thermal energy in the baseline discharge amount is the temperature difference ΔT [° C.] between the water introduced into the boiler and the derived hot water, and the flow rate per minute (generally using a pump). To pump flow rate) V [liter / min], boiler combustion time t [h / period], boiler efficiency ε [%], and fuel gas heat quantity HG [MJ / m] supplied to the boiler ³ ] is proportional to ΔT · V · t / (ε / HG). In order to match the unit with the carbon dioxide emission amount EME related to electric energy, it is multiplied by 60 to obtain the flow rate per hour, and is multiplied by (4.19 / 1000) to convert the unit of energy to MJ. That is, EMG = 60 × (4.19 / 1000) · ΔT · V · t / (ε / HG) (for example, ε = 85 to 95%, HG = 45.0 [MJ / m ³ N]) .

  The baseline emission amount of the unit period can be obtained as an addition value of the above-described carbon dioxide emission amount EME related to electric energy and the carbon dioxide emission amount EMG related to thermal energy. That is, the baseline emission amount can be obtained by calculating the amount of electric power and the amount of heat supplied to the consumer 1 by operating the cogeneration facility.

On the other hand, in order to estimate the amount of carbon dioxide emission reduction, it is necessary to estimate the amount of carbon dioxide emission due to the use of new equipment. This carbon dioxide emissions are called project emissions. Project emissions for a unit period include a fuel gas usage G [m ³ / period] and a gas emission coefficient k2 [kgCO ₂ / kg], which is the amount of carbon dioxide discharged with the use of a unit volume of fuel gas. m ³ ] can be obtained as k 2 · G (for example, k ₂ = 2.29 [kgCO ₂ / m ³ ]). In other words, the project emission amount, which is the carbon dioxide emission amount when using the cogeneration facility, can be obtained by measuring the supply amount of the fuel gas supplied to the cogeneration facility.

  If the baseline emission amount is EBL and the project emission amount is EPJ, the reduction amount ΔE of the carbon dioxide emission amount per unit period can be obtained as ΔE = EBL−EPJ. In short, the amount of carbon dioxide emissions at the input is obtained by determining the amount G of fuel gas used as input supplied to the cogeneration facility and the amount of electric and thermal energy supplied as output generated by the cogeneration facility. The amount of carbon dioxide emission reduction can be determined as the difference between the output and carbon dioxide emission at the output.

  As described above, the gas company 2 needs to collect the price corresponding to the amount of fuel gas supplied to the cogeneration facility and repay the lease fee to the leasing company 3. In this case, it is assumed that the consideration that combines the electric energy and the heat energy generated by the cogeneration facility is allocated to the lease fee. That is, it is necessary to measure the electrical energy and thermal energy generated by the cogeneration facility.

  FIG. 4 illustrates a typical equipment configuration when the cogeneration equipment 11 is used. In this configuration, as a configuration for extracting heat energy from the cogeneration facility 11, the cogeneration facility 11, the heat exchanger 12, and the hot water storage tank 13 are used, and a pump 14 is used between the cogeneration facility 11 and the heat exchanger 12. Circulate the heating medium. In this configuration, the heat generated from the cogeneration facility 11 is used as hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 13.

  A first pipe 15 as a circulation path formed between the cogeneration facility 11, the heat exchanger 12, and the pump 14 has temperature sensors at the inlet and outlet of the heat medium on the primary side of the heat exchanger 12, respectively. Sa and Sb are arranged. A secondary pipe 16 that forms a circulation path with the hot water storage tank 13 is provided on the secondary side of the heat exchanger 12. In order to accurately measure the heat energy generated in the cogeneration facility 11 and used in the consumer 1, it is conceivable to measure the amount of heat flowing into the hot water storage tank 13, but in this embodiment, the heat exchanger The efficiency of 12 is regarded as 100%, and the temperature difference of the heat medium obtained as a measurement value of the two temperature sensors Sa and Sb and the flow rate of the heat medium passing through the pump 14 (measured by a flow sensor not shown) The amount of heat used is calculated. That is, the temperature difference between the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors Sa and Sb is ΔT [° C.], and the flow rate measured by the flow rate sensor is V [liters / minute]. The amount of heat is estimated.

  The measured value of the gas meter Sc that measures the amount of fuel gas supplied to the cogeneration facility 1, the measured value of the watt hour meter Sd that measures the amount of power generated by the cogeneration facility 1, and the temperature sensors Sa and Sb described above. The measured value is transmitted online to a network server (not shown) provided in the gas company 2 using a network such as the Internet. Therefore, in the network server, the amount of heat supplied using the cogeneration facility 1 can be obtained by the above calculation, the amount of electricity supplied from the cogeneration facility 1 can be known, and the amount of fuel gas supplied can also be known. it can. In addition, since the flow required for calculation of calorie | heat amount is substantially constant, it measures only once at the time of initial operation, and uses the measured value as a flow during operation of the cogeneration equipment 1. Therefore, a flow rate sensor that constantly monitors the amount of hot water to be supplied is unnecessary, and the configuration can be simplified as compared with the case where the flow rate is measured on the hot water supply side.

  In FIG. 1, the function of the measurement means regarding a cogeneration installation and a network server is shown collectively. The first measuring means 21 for measuring the amount of energy generated by the cogeneration facility such as the temperature sensors Sa and Sb and the watt hour meter Sd and used by the consumer 1, and the cogeneration facility such as the gas meter Sc And a second measuring means 22 for measuring the amount of fuel gas to be supplied. The measurement values of the first measurement means 21 and the second measurement means 22 are given to the reduction amount calculation means 24, and the reduction amount measurement means 24 obtains the baseline discharge amount from the measurement values of the first measurement means 21, The project emission amount is obtained from the measurement value of the second measuring means 22, and the reduction amount which is the difference between the two is obtained.

  The measurement value of the first measurement means 21 is also given as input data to the repayment amount calculation means 23 for calculating the rent to be repaid to the leasing company 3, and the repayment amount calculation means 23 measures the first measurement means 21. The rent is calculated from the value and the reduction amount of the carbon dioxide emission obtained by the reduction amount calculation means 24. The reason why the carbon dioxide emission reduction amount is used for calculating the rent is that the carbon dioxide emission reduction amount is linked to the repayment amount as described above. Further, the measured value of the second measuring means 22 is given to the sales price calculating means 26 in order to calculate the price of the fuel gas collected by the gas company 2.

  By the way, in order to receive authentication of the authentication mechanism 4 as described above, it is necessary to disclose the reduction amount of the carbon dioxide emission amount on the web 5 (see FIG. 2). Therefore, a notification unit 25 for transmitting the reduction amount obtained by the reduction amount calculation unit 24 using a network such as the Internet is also provided in the network server. The notification unit 25 is provided to publish the reduction amount on the web 5, but may be used to notify the authentication mechanism 4 of the reduction amount. Further, not only the reduction amount but also the measurement values of the first measurement unit 21 and the second measurement unit 22 may be notified to the authentication mechanism 4 together.

  In the embodiment described above, the purchase funds for the equipment by the gas company 2 are obtained only from the leasing company 3, but a fund may be constructed and investors may be recruited to procure part of the purchase funds. In this case, the investor group is paid a dividend that is lower than the interest rate of the rent paid to the leasing company 3. In addition, the leasing company 3 is paid in advance with the funds procured by the fund, and the risk to the balance is borne by the leasing company 3 and the deposit is added to the interest rate of the rent.

  For example, the purchase funds for facilities and equipment shall be 100 million yen, the normal interest rate of the leasing company 3 will be 3.65%, and the funds procured from investors will be delivered to the leasing company 3 as a prepayment of half the purchase price. . In this case, for example, a dividend of 1.7% is given to the investor group, and the interest rate of the leasing company 3 is set to 3.7%. Under this setting, the gas company 2 usually pays an interest rate of 3.65 million yen to the leasing company 3. In this method, the leasing company 3 pays 1,825,000 yen and the investor group 850,000. The total interest will be 2675,000 yen in yen. It should be noted that the dividend to the investor can be linked to the amount of power generated by the customer 1 or linked to the amount of carbon dioxide emission reduction.

  Investors can obtain safe returns and feel the significance of contributing to social contribution by reducing carbon dioxide emissions, making it easier for investors to raise funds. Moreover, since the amount of carbon dioxide emission released on the web 5 is authenticated by the authentication mechanism 4, the results are reported to the investor. Work.

  A fund may be constructed so that a part of the funds for purchasing the equipment is allocated with a subsidy from the local government. In this case, financing is provided by leasing companies, financial institutions, investors, etc., and among those customers 1 who have applied for subsidies from local governments, only those whose CO2 emissions reduction amount has reached the target value will be subsidized. You should give money. Since the certification mechanism 4 authenticates the amount of CO2 emission reduction, the local government can provide subsidies in a manner that functions effectively in the local community. If carbon dioxide gas emission credits are given to investors to enable trading in the market, investors can be given speculative interest and funding will be facilitated.

It is a block diagram which shows embodiment. It is a figure which shows the movement of information and monetary value in the same as the above. It is a figure which shows the change of the lease payment in the same as the above. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the equipment used for the same as the above.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Consumer 2 Gas company 3 Leasing company 11 Cogeneration equipment 12 Heat exchanger 13 Hot water storage tank 21 First measurement means 22 Second measurement means 23 Repayment amount calculation means 24 Reduction amount calculation means 25 Notification means 26 Sales price calculation means Sa, Sb Temperature sensor (first measuring means)
Sc gas meter (second measuring means)
Sd Electricity meter (first measuring means)

Claims (1)

An energy supply entity that installs equipment that can reduce CO2 emissions for each energy supply and collects the value of energy supplied to the consumer using the equipment, and the equipment Carbon dioxide using the financial institution that collects rental fees from the consideration of the energy leased to the supply entity and supplied to the consumer by the energy supply entity, and the energy supply to the consumer measured by the energy supply entity A system used by an energy supply entity in an energy supply service in which the energy supply entity entrusts the certification of the reduction amount of carbon dioxide emissions from consumers by cooperating with an authentication mechanism that authenticates the reduction amount of the emission amount The first measuring means for measuring the amount of energy supplied to the customer accompanying the operation of the equipment and the equipment supplied to operate the equipment A second measuring means for measuring the supply amount of the energy medium, and a carbon dioxide gas obtained from a measured value by the second measuring means from a baseline discharge amount which is a carbon dioxide emission amount obtained from the measured value by the first measuring means. A reduction amount calculating means for calculating a value obtained by subtracting the project emission amount, which is an emission amount, as a reduction amount of the carbon dioxide gas emission amount; a notifying means for notifying the authentication mechanism of a calculation result by the reduction amount calculating means; and a first measuring means The amount of energy calculated from the measured value of energy supply measured in step 1 is applied to the rent, and when the total amount of CO2 emission reduction calculated by the reduction amount calculation means reaches the target value, An operation management system for facility equipment, comprising: a repayment amount calculation means for calculating a rent to be repaid to a financial institution so that payment is completed .

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