JP4780011B2 - Load control attachment and collision energy absorbing device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a load control attachment attached to a hollow columnar member including a fiber reinforced plastic that absorbs energy generated by a collision or the like, and a collision energy absorbing device including the load control attachment.

  Conventionally, for example, a collision energy absorbing member that absorbs collision energy is disposed between two highly rigid members to which a load acts due to collision or the like, such as a transportation device. In recent years, the impact of greenhouse gas emissions from transportation equipment, particularly automobiles, on the global warming problem is large, and weight reduction of transportation equipment is required to reduce environmental impact. On the other hand, securing passenger safety during a collision is also important, and fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), which is a lightweight, high-strength composite material, is used to improve collision safety and reduce weight. .

  As such a collision energy absorbing member using FRP, there is a pipe made of FRP formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a substantially columnar insertion portion that can be inserted into an opening on one end side of the FRP pipe. Widening that has a side surface that is integral with the insertion portion and continuously expands in diameter to the insertion portion, and that the angle formed by the side surface and the central axis of the FRP pipe increases stepwise or continuously as the distance from the insertion portion increases. And a collision energy absorbing member formed by inserting an insertion portion of the trigger into the opening of the FRP pipe. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

In addition, in order to increase the freedom of layout in the passenger compartment, a vehicle adopting an instrument panel shift structure in which a shift lever is arranged on the instrument panel is like a wedge on the inner peripheral surface of the end of the FRP pipe in order to ensure safety in the event of a collision. An FRP impact energy absorbing stay that absorbs collision energy is introduced by inserting a trigger that works properly and generating a continuous expansion failure at the end of the FRP pipe by the wedge effect of this trigger. . (For example, refer nonpatent literature 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-30669 Mitsubishi Motors Technical Review 1998 No. 10

  The collision energy absorbing member described in Patent Document 1 described above has a configuration that absorbs collision energy by pressing the inner peripheral surface of the end portion of the FRP pipe with a trigger and breaking the end portion of the FRP pipe radially. ing. That is, the collision energy absorbing member described in Patent Document 1 is not limited to attaching a trigger to the end outer peripheral surface of the FRP pipe and restraining the end outer peripheral surface of the FRP pipe when the collision energy is absorbed. No consideration has been given.

  In addition, the collision energy absorbing member described in Patent Document 1 includes a first inclined portion that is inclined at an acute angle with respect to the central axis of the FRP pipe, and a surface that is substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the FRP pipe (the radial direction of the FRP). The FRP pipe has a second inclined portion that is more than the amount of energy absorbed when a crack occurs around the tip of the end by the first inclined portion. The amount of energy absorbed when divided radially is much greater. That is, the amount of energy that can be absorbed by the collision energy absorbing member described in Patent Document 1 is determined by pressing the FRP pipe against a flat surface (corresponding to the second inclined portion) without attaching a trigger, When the portion is divided radially, the amount of energy that can be absorbed is lowered. Therefore, it cannot be applied to a vehicle that requires a higher energy absorption amount.

  Further, the FRP impact energy absorbing stay described in Non-Patent Document 1 is designed on the assumption that the occupant directly hits the shift lever at the time of a vehicle collision, and the average breaking load as a development target value is 566 N This is a very low value. The trigger used in this FRP impact energy absorbing stay can cause continuous breakage at the end of the FRP pipe, but the amount of energy that can be absorbed is flat without attaching the trigger. It becomes lower than the amount of energy that can be absorbed when the end of the FRP pipe is radially divided by being pressed against the surface. Therefore, in this case as well, it cannot be applied to a vehicle that requires a higher energy absorption amount.

  Here, there are many types of transportation equipment and the like (for example, automobiles) having different weights, and the range is as wide as several hundred Kg to several tens of tons. It has been reported that the collision energy absorption member by FRP can control the amount of collision energy absorption by changing its reinforcing fiber, base material, lamination structure, fiber volume content, and cross-sectional shape. It is very expensive to design and manufacture the members for each vehicle type. The practical application of a collision energy absorbing member by FRP using long fibers is an important issue, but its application to various mass-produced products such as automobiles is very difficult from the viewpoint of cost.

  Further, in order to reduce damage to the occupant at the time of the collision, it is desirable that the load fluctuation at the stable load is small. However, both of Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1 can reduce the load fluctuation. Have difficulty.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and uses FRP columnar members having a common shape by appropriately changing the shape of an attachment attached to a hollow FRP columnar member as a collision energy absorbing member. Even so, it is possible to provide a load control attachment and a collision energy absorbing device capable of absorbing collision energy according to various vehicle weights and suppressing load fluctuations.

  To achieve this object, the present invention is attached to the end of a hollow columnar member containing fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), and controls the collision energy absorbed by the columnar member when a collision load is applied. A columnar member that is an attachment and has a first base surface and a convex portion that is erected on the first base surface and is inserted into a hollow portion of the columnar member, and the convex portion is inserted An inner peripheral surface restraining portion that comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface and restrains the inner peripheral surface, a second base surface, and an opening that is opened in the second base surface and into which the end of the columnar member is inserted. An outer peripheral surface restraining portion that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the columnar member inserted into the opening and restrains the outer peripheral surface, and the convex portion has a predetermined radius of curvature. Formed continuously on the first base surface through a curved surface of The opening is continuously formed on the second base surface through a second curved surface having a predetermined radius of curvature, and the inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the outer peripheral surface restraining portion are formed on the opening. A convex portion is inserted, and the first base surface and the second base surface are combined so as to face each other. Between the opposed first base surface and second base surface, the two base surfaces are A load control attachment is provided in which an interval forming part for separating the elements at a predetermined interval is provided.

  The load control attachment provided with this configuration can arbitrarily change the curvature of the first curved surface formed in the inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the curvature of the second curved surface formed in the outer peripheral surface restraining portion. Here, in the columnar member to which the load control attachment according to the present invention is attached, when a collision load is applied from the axial direction of the columnar member, the inner peripheral surface is constrained by the first curved surface, and the second curved surface The outer peripheral surface is restrained and destroyed. The amount of collision energy absorbed when the columnar member is broken can be changed by the curvature of the first curved surface and the curvature of the second curved surface. Therefore, even if a columnar member having a common shape is used, by changing the curvature according to the weight or the like of an object (for example, a vehicle) that needs to absorb collision energy, It is possible to absorb the amount of collision energy according to various weights. For this reason, it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of types of columnar members made of an expensive material containing FRP, and the cost of components can be reduced. In addition, since both the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the columnar member are constrained, the breakage progresses continuously, so that load fluctuation can be suppressed.

  Further, the load control attachment according to the present invention is configured such that an interval between the first base surface and the second base surface facing each other when the inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the outer peripheral surface restraining portion are combined is determined by the columnar member. It can be approximately the same as the thickness. In this way, the first base surface restrains the inner peripheral surface of the destroyed columnar member, and the second base surface restrains the outer peripheral surface of the destroyed columnar member, The columnar member can be broken radially to pass through a gap formed by the first base surface and the second base surface and discharged to the outside.

  Further, the load control attachment according to the present invention is configured such that the distance between the first base surface and the second base surface facing each other when the inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the outer peripheral surface restraining portion are combined is the convex portion. It can also be configured to be narrower than the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the inner surface and the inner peripheral surface defining the opening. By doing in this way, when the columnar member passes through the gap formed by the first base surface and the second base surface, the force that restrains the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the columnar member. Further, the amount of energy absorption can be further increased.

  In the load control attachment according to the present invention, the inner circumferential surface restraining portion and the outer circumferential surface restraining portion are combined, the columnar member is inserted into the convex portion, and the columnar member is inserted into the opening. When a collision load is applied from the axial direction of the columnar member, the first curved surface restrains the inner peripheral surface of the columnar member while breaking the columnar member so as to expand outward and the first curved surface. Guiding between the base surface and the second base surface, the second curved surface restrains the outer peripheral surface of the columnar member inward and between the first base surface and the second base surface; Can be guided. In this way, by constraining the outer peripheral surface of the columnar member to the inside by the second curved surface, useless expansion of the columnar member is prevented, and the curvature of the first curved surface formed in the inner peripheral surface constraining portion is reduced. Therefore, the columnar member can be broken.

  In the case of this configuration, the load control attachment according to the present invention can be brought into contact with the tip end surface of the columnar member guided between the first base surface and the second base surface, and the contacted columnar member The direction change part which restrains the inner peripheral surface and outer peripheral surface of this, and changes the advancing direction of the said columnar member can be further provided. With this configuration, the columnar member passes between the first base surface and the second base surface and is destroyed radially, and then the traveling direction thereof is changed. The member can be further deformed. Therefore, the amount of collision energy absorbed by the columnar member can be further increased.

  Further, the load control attachment according to the present invention has a knife edge shape in which one end of the gap forming portion is narrowed toward the tip, and the knife edge shape side is on the opening side where the convex portion is inserted. It can be arranged. By doing in this way, when the columnar member that has passed between the first base surface and the second base surface is discharged to the outside, the interval forming portion becomes a resistance (disturbance) of the discharge. Can be prevented.

  In the load control attachment according to the present invention, the outer peripheral surface restraining portion is erected on the third base surface formed on the side opposite to the second base surface, and the third base surface. And a hollow convex part having a hollow part communicating with the opening part, and the hollow convex part includes the third base via a third curved surface having a predetermined radius of curvature. A hollow convex portion of the outer peripheral surface restraining member combined with the inner peripheral surface restraining portion of the plurality of outer peripheral surface restraining members, Inserted into the hollow portion of another outer peripheral surface restraining member having an inner diameter larger than that of the hollow convex portion and the opening communicating therewith, and the second surface of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member and the inner peripheral surface restraining portion Between the third surface of the outer peripheral surface restraining member to be fitted, It can comprise a structure forming unit is disposed. In the case of this configuration, the hollow convex portion includes a hollow convex portion having a large inner diameter by a length obtained by adding, for example, the radial thickness of the hollow convex portion and twice the thickness of the columnar member. Further, it can be inserted into the hollow portion of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member and the opening communicating therewith.

  Further, in this configuration, the hollow convex portion of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member includes the hollow portion of another outer peripheral surface constraining member provided with a hollow convex portion having an inner diameter larger than that of the hollow convex portion. The gap forming portion is disposed between the second surface of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member and the third surface of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member. It can also be set as the structure which becomes. By doing in this way, the range of the collision energy amount absorbed by the columnar member can be further expanded. In the case of this configuration, the hollow convex portion includes a hollow convex portion having a large inner diameter by a length obtained by adding, for example, the radial thickness of the hollow convex portion and twice the thickness of the columnar member. Further, it can be inserted into the hollow portion of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member and the opening communicating therewith.

  Further, the present invention is a collision energy absorbing device that is provided between a pair of members and controls a collision load transmitted to the other member side when a collision load is applied from one member side. A hollow columnar member containing plastic, a first base surface, and a convex portion standing on the first base surface and inserted into the hollow portion of the columnar member, the convex portion being inserted An inner peripheral surface restraining portion that comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the columnar member and restrains the inner peripheral surface; a second base surface; and an end portion of the columnar member that is opened in the second base surface. And an outer peripheral surface restraining portion that constrains the outer peripheral surface in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the columnar member inserted into the opening, and the convex portion has a predetermined curvature. The opening is continuously formed on the first base surface through a first curved surface having a radius. Is formed continuously on the second base surface via a second curved surface having a predetermined radius of curvature, and the inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the outer peripheral surface restraining portion are formed on the convex portion at the opening. And the first base surface and the second base surface are combined so that the first base surface and the second base surface face each other. The columnar member has the inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the outer peripheral surface in a state in which the end where the convex portion is inserted is inserted into the opening. It is an object of the present invention to provide a collision energy absorbing device that is disposed between a restraining portion and a collision energy absorbing device.

  The collision energy absorbing device having this configuration can arbitrarily change the curvature of the first curved surface formed on the inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the curvature of the second curved surface formed on the outer peripheral surface restraining portion. Therefore, even if columnar members having a common shape are used, various curvatures can be obtained by changing the curvature according to the weight of an object (for example, a vehicle) that needs to reduce the transmitted collision load. It is possible to absorb the amount of collision energy that matches the weight. For this reason, it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of types of columnar members made of an expensive material containing FRP, and the cost of components can be reduced. In addition, since both the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the columnar member are constrained, the breakage progresses continuously, so that load fluctuation can be suppressed.

  In the collision energy absorbing device according to the present invention, the distance between the first base surface and the second base surface facing each other can be made substantially the same as the thickness of the columnar member. In this way, the first base surface restrains the inner peripheral surface of the destroyed columnar member, and the second base surface restrains the outer peripheral surface of the destroyed columnar member, The columnar member can be broken radially to pass through a gap formed by the first base surface and the second base surface and discharged to the outside.

  In addition, the collision energy absorbing device according to the present invention is configured such that the interval between the first base surface and the second base surface facing each other when the inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the outer peripheral surface restraining portion are combined is set to the convex shape. It can also be configured to be narrower than the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the part and the inner peripheral surface defining the opening. Thus, by narrowing the gap formed by the first base surface and the second base surface, when the columnar member passes through the gap, the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the columnar member are reduced. A restraining force can be generated, and the amount of energy absorption can be further increased. This is particularly true when the radius of curvature of the first curved surface and the second curved surface is small (for example, when the radius of curvature of the first curved surface is 3 mm or less and the radius of curvature of the second curved surface is 0). When the columnar member passes through the gap, a frictional force is generated and the fracture curvature can be reduced, which is effective.

  In the collision energy absorbing device according to the present invention, when a collision load is applied from the axial direction of the columnar member, the first curved surface breaks the columnar member so that the columnar member expands outward. The inner peripheral surface of the columnar member is constrained and guided between the first base surface and the second base surface, and the second curved surface constrains the outer peripheral surface of the columnar member to the inner side and the first base surface. It can be guided between the base surface and the second base surface. In this way, by constraining the outer peripheral surface of the columnar member to the inside by the second curved surface, useless expansion of the columnar member is prevented, and the curvature of the first curved surface formed in the inner peripheral surface constraining portion is reduced. Therefore, the columnar member can be broken.

  In the case of this configuration, the collision energy absorbing device according to the present invention can be brought into contact with the front end surface of the columnar member guided between the first base surface and the second base surface, and the contacted columnar shape The direction change part which restrains the internal peripheral surface and outer peripheral surface of a member and changes the advancing direction of the said columnar member can further be provided. With this configuration, the columnar member passes between the first base surface and the second base surface and is destroyed radially, and then the traveling direction thereof is changed. The member can be further deformed. Therefore, the amount of collision energy absorbed by the columnar member can be further increased.

  Furthermore, in the collision energy absorbing device according to the present invention, one end of the interval forming portion has a knife edge shape that narrows toward the tip, and the opening portion in which the convex portion is inserted on the knife edge shape side. Can be arranged on the side. By doing in this way, when the columnar member that has passed between the first base surface and the second base surface is discharged to the outside, the interval forming portion becomes a resistance (disturbance) of the discharge. Can be prevented.

  In the collision energy absorbing device according to the present invention, the outer peripheral surface restraining portion is erected on a third base surface formed on the side opposite to the second base surface, and the third base surface. And a hollow convex part having a hollow part communicating with the opening part, and the hollow convex part includes the third base via a third curved surface having a predetermined radius of curvature. A hollow convex portion of the outer peripheral surface restraining member combined with the inner peripheral surface restraining portion of the plurality of outer peripheral surface restraining members, Inserted into the hollow portion of another outer peripheral surface restraining member having an inner diameter larger than that of the hollow convex portion and the opening communicating therewith, and the second surface of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member and the inner peripheral surface restraining portion The gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface restraining member and the third surface to be fitted together. Between the outer peripheral surface of the hollow convex portion of the outer peripheral surface restraining member combined with the inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the inner peripheral surface of the hollow convex portion of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member, Furthermore, it can also comprise so that a columnar member may be arrange | positioned. In the case of this configuration, the hollow convex portion includes a hollow convex portion having a large inner diameter by a length obtained by adding, for example, the radial thickness of the hollow convex portion and twice the thickness of the columnar member. Further, it can be inserted into the hollow portion of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member and the opening communicating therewith.

  In the case of this configuration, the hollow convex portion of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member includes a hollow portion of another outer peripheral surface restraining member having a hollow convex portion having an inner diameter larger than that of the hollow convex portion, and an opening communicating with the hollow portion. The gap forming portion is disposed between the second surface of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member and the third surface of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member. A columnar member may be further disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the hollow convex portion of the outer peripheral surface restraining member and the inner peripheral surface of the hollow convex portion of the other outer peripheral surface constraining member. By doing in this way, the range of the collision energy amount absorbed by the columnar member can be further expanded. In the case of this configuration, the hollow convex portion includes a hollow convex portion having a large inner diameter by a length obtained by adding, for example, the radial thickness of the hollow convex portion and twice the thickness of the columnar member. Further, it can be inserted into the hollow portion of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member and the opening communicating therewith.

  In addition, it is desirable that the columnar member includes a fiber reinforced plastic using long fibers.

  Furthermore, the columnar member may have a structure in which a plurality of sheets including fiber reinforced plastic using long fibers are stacked. Further, a taper or the like may be formed at the tip attached to the load control attachment of the columnar member in order to promote breakage.

  The load control attachment according to the present invention changes the curvature of the first curved surface formed on the inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the curvature of the second curved surface formed on the outer peripheral surface restraining portion arbitrarily, Even when a columnar member having a shape is used, it is possible to cause the columnar member to absorb the amount of collision energy generated in accordance with various weights. As a result, it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of types of columnar members made of expensive FRP-containing material, and the cost of parts can be reduced. In addition, since both the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the columnar member are constrained, the breakage progresses continuously, so that load fluctuation can be suppressed.

  Moreover, the collision energy absorbing device according to the present invention can arbitrarily change the curvature of the first curved surface formed in the inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the curvature of the second curved surface formed in the outer peripheral surface restraining portion. Even when columnar members having a common shape are used, it is possible to cause the columnar members to absorb the amount of collision energy according to various weights. As a result, it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of types of columnar members made of expensive FRP-containing material, and the cost of parts can be reduced. In addition, since both the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the columnar member are constrained, the breakage progresses continuously, so that load fluctuation can be suppressed.

  Next, a load control attachment and a collision energy absorbing device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, embodiment described below is the illustration for demonstrating this invention, and this invention is not limited only to these embodiment. Therefore, the present invention can be implemented in various forms without departing from the gist thereof.

  1 is a side view of an inner peripheral surface restraining member that is a component of a load control attachment according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the inner peripheral surface restraining member shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. Sectional drawing of the outer peripheral surface restraint member which is a component of the load control attachment concerning this Embodiment, FIG. 4 is a top view of the outer peripheral surface restraint member shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is the inner periphery concerning this Embodiment The top view of the space | interval formation member arrange | positioned between a surface restraint member and the outer peripheral surface restraint member concerning this Embodiment, FIG. 6 is a side view of the space | interval formation member shown in FIG. 5, FIG. FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the load control attachment according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a state in which the interval forming member shown in FIG. 5 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface restraining member according to the embodiment. FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the load control attachment shown in FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a sectional view of the collision energy absorbing device, FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a state in which a load is applied from the axial direction to the collision energy absorbing device shown in FIG. 10, and FIG. 12 is a further axial direction from the state shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state to which the load was applied from.

  In each of the drawings, for easy understanding, the thickness and size of each member, the enlargement / reduction ratio, and the like are described without matching the actual ones. Further, in the present embodiment, a hollow cylindrical member including FRP using long fibers (hereinafter referred to as “FRP cylindrical member”) is used as the hollow columnar member including FRP.

  As shown in FIGS. 1-12, the load control attachment 1 concerning this Embodiment is arrange | positioned at the edge part of FRP cylindrical member 100 (refer FIGS. 10-12), and the internal peripheral surface of FRP cylindrical member 100 An inner peripheral surface restraining member 10 that restrains the outer peripheral surface of the FRP cylindrical member 100, and an outer peripheral surface restraining member 30 that restrains the outer peripheral surface of the FRP cylindrical member 100; An interval forming member 50 disposed between the member 30 and the member 30 is provided.

As shown particularly in FIGS. 1 and 2, the inner peripheral surface restraining member 10 includes a substantially disc-shaped base portion 11 and a substantially columnar convex portion 13 erected from the first base surface 12 of the base portion 11. I have. Bolt holes 35 through which fixing bolts 70 are inserted are formed through the base portion 11 at positions shifted from each other by approximately 90 degrees. The convex portion 13 is formed so as to protrude in a substantially vertical direction with respect to the first base surface 12, has an outer diameter substantially the same as the inner diameter of the hollow portion 101 of the FRP cylindrical member 100, and is inserted into the hollow portion 101. It is possible. And the convex part 13 inserted in the hollow part 101 can contact the internal peripheral surface 102 which demarcates the hollow part 101, and can restrain the internal peripheral surface 102. FIG. Moreover, the convex part 13 is continuously formed in the 1st base surface 12 via the 1st curved surface 14 which has a predetermined curvature radius ( _Rin ).

As shown particularly in FIGS. 3 and 4, the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30 includes a substantially disk-shaped base portion 31 and an opening portion 32 penetrating the base portion 31 in the axial direction. Bolt holes 35 through which fixing bolts 70 are inserted are formed through the base portion 31 at positions shifted from each other by approximately 90 degrees. Further, the base portion 31 has a second base surface 36 on one side and a third base surface 37 on the side opposite to the second base surface 36. The opening 32 is continuously opened from the second base surface 36 via a second curved surface 33 having a predetermined radius of curvature (R _out ). The opening 32 has an inner diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the FRP cylindrical member 100, and the FRP cylindrical member 100 can be inserted into the opening 32. The inner peripheral surface 38 that defines the opening 32 can be in contact with the outer peripheral surface 103 of the FRP cylindrical member 100 inserted into the opening 32 to restrain the outer peripheral surface 103.

  As shown particularly in FIGS. 5 and 6, the interval forming member 50 has a substantially pentagonal shape that is a knife edge shape with one end narrowing toward the tip in plan view. The thickness (C) of the gap forming member 50 is substantially the same as the thickness of the FRP cylindrical member 100. Further, a bolt hole 51 into which a fixing bolt 70 is inserted is formed in a substantially central portion of the interval forming member 50.

  And the load control attachment 1 concerning this Embodiment makes the 1st base surface 12 of the inner peripheral surface restraint member 10 and the 2nd base surface 36 of the outer peripheral surface restraint member 30 oppose, and a 1st base A spacing member 50 is disposed between the surface 12 and the second base surface 36 so that the bolt hole 51 communicates with the bolt holes 15 and 35, and the convex portion 13 formed on the inner peripheral surface restraining member 10. Is inserted into the opening 32 formed in the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30, and the bolts 70 are passed through the bolt holes 15, 51 and 35. As shown in FIG. 9, the third base surface of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30 is inserted. It is assembled by fixing with a nut 71 from the 37 side. At this time, the space | interval formation member 50 was arrange | positioned so that the knife edge shape side might face the convex part 13 side, as shown in FIG.

  The load control attachment 1 also serves as a mounting portion for mounting the FRP cylindrical member 100 to an arbitrary member such as a vehicle body. Moreover, it is good also as a part of arbitrary members, such as a vehicle body. Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the base portion 11 of the inner peripheral surface restraining member 10 and the base portion 31 of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30 are configured in a substantially disk shape has been described. The base portion 11 may be formed integrally with an arbitrary member such as a vehicle body, or may be fixed to an arbitrary member with a bolt or the like. In addition, further weight reduction of the vehicle can be improved by integrating the load control attachment 1 and the vehicle body such as a frame.

  The collision energy absorbing device 2 is obtained by attaching the load control attachment 1 to the end of the FRP cylindrical member 100. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, in the collision energy absorbing device 2, the convex portion 13 of the inner peripheral surface restraining member 10 is inserted into the hollow portion 101 of the FRP cylindrical member 100, and the FRP cylindrical member 100 is In the state inserted in the opening part 32 of the surface restraint member 30, it has the structure by which the edge part of the FRP cylindrical member 100 was arrange | positioned between the inner peripheral surface restraint member 10 and the outer peripheral surface restraint member 30. It should be noted that a taper or the like can be formed at the end of the FRP cylindrical member 100 in order to promote breakage that occurs when a collision load is applied.

  When a collision load is applied to the collision energy absorbing device 2 from the axial direction, the convex portion 13 of the inner peripheral surface restraining member 10 tries to be further inserted into the inner side of the hollow portion 101 of the FRP cylindrical member 100, and the FRP cylinder. The inner peripheral surface 102 of the member 100 is constrained by the first curved surface 14 and starts to be broken so as to spread outward. The first curved surface 14 restrains the inner peripheral surface 102 while breaking the FRP cylindrical member 100, and is broken between the first base surface 12 and the second base surface 36. To induce. At the same time, the second curved surface 33 formed on the outer circumferential surface restraining member 30 restrains the outer circumferential surface 103 of the FRP cylindrical member 100 and breaks the outer circumferential surface 103 so as to spread outward. 12 and the second base surface 36. (See FIG. 11).

  At this time, an interval substantially equal to the thickness of the FRP cylindrical member 100 (the thickness (C) of the interval forming member 50) is provided between the first base surface 12 and the second base surface 36 by the interval forming member 50. ) Is opened, the FRP cylindrical member 100 is radially expanded in a state where both surfaces are constrained by the first base surface 12 and the second base surface 36. And destruction progresses further, and as shown in FIG. 12, the front-end | tip of FRP cylindrical member 100 is discharged | emitted from the load control attachment 1 outside. At this time, the gap forming member 50 disposed between the first base surface 12 and the second base surface 36 is disposed so that the knife edge shape side faces the convex portion 13 side (that is, the FRP cylindrical member). 100 is arranged in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of 100), the influence of resistance can be reduced when the FRP cylindrical member 100 that has been destroyed is discharged.

  Due to the destruction of the FRP cylindrical member 100, the collision energy generated by the collision load is absorbed.

Next, the radius of curvature (R _in ) of the first curved surface 14 formed on the inner circumferential surface restraining member 10, and the radius of curvature (R _out ) of the second curved surface 33 formed on the outer circumferential surface restraining member 30, The relationship with the amount of energy absorption per unit weight (specific sustained crushing stress: SSCS) due to the axial compressive fracture was examined by conducting a compressive fracture test under the following conditions.

(Preparation of test piece)
As the FRP cylindrical member 100, an energy absorption characteristic was examined using a hollow FRP cylinder made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP). As a material constituting this FRP cylinder, Mitsubishi Rayon unidirectional prepreg sheet: PYROFIL # 380 (trade name) is used, and 12 layers of prepreg sheets are laminated on an aluminum mandrel with a diameter of 50.5 mm, and 130 layers are obtained by an autoclave. Cured at 90 ° C. for 90 minutes. The end of the FRP cylinder was cut with a diamond cutter. Note that all 12 prepreg sheets were laminated so that the fiber direction was the cylindrical axial direction, and the nominal dimensions of the FRP cylinder were a total length of 80 mm, an inner diameter of 50 mm, and a thickness of 2.9 mm.

Next, each load control attachment shown in Table 1 was attached to the end of the FRP cylinder to obtain a test piece. In the FRP cylinder, the radius of curvature (R _in ) of the first curved surface 14 formed on the inner peripheral surface restraining member 10 is 0 mm, and the radius of curvature of the second curved surface 33 formed on the outer peripheral surface constraining member 30 ( Only when a load control attachment with R _out ) = 0 mm was used, chamfering of 20 degrees was performed using a lathe to induce fracture from the end. When other load control attachments are used, processing is not performed because the purpose is to reduce costs.

  In this embodiment, three test pieces each having the load control attachment shown in Table 1 were prepared, and the following compressive fracture test was performed on each test piece.

(Compressive fracture test)
In the compression fracture test, both sides of the test piece are sandwiched between metal plates, and a compression tester (manufactured by Shimadzu Autograph AG-IS 150 kN (trade name)) is used. Each test piece is loaded at a load speed of 1.0 mm / min. The FRP cylinder was compressed to 40 mm, which is half the total length of the cylinder. Grease is applied to the part where the test piece and the attachment come in contact to reduce the effect of frictional resistance. An experiment without applying grease is expected to improve the amount of energy absorption, but here it is not applied in order to study the influence of the fracture curvature.

(Specific energy absorption)
First, FIG. 13 shows a load-displacement diagram of a typical progressive crushing fracture when the FRP cylinder is compressed. The specific energy absorption amount is defined by dividing the stress at the time of a stable load by the test piece density, and is used for comparison of energy absorption efficiency when the shape, material, laminated structure, etc. of the test piece are different.

Here, σ _a is the average stable stress, P _a is the average stable load, ρ is the density, l is the total length of the test piece, and m is the weight of the test piece. In this embodiment, the calculation of the SSCS, displacement with mean stable load value P _a in the range of 10 to 40 mm.

(Test results)
A load-displacement diagram obtained by the compressive fracture test is shown in FIG. FIG. 14 shows one selected from those tested three times. Also, from the three test results, respectively, showing the initial maximum load P _max, average stable load P _a, and that calculates the average value of the SSCS in Figure 15.

14 and 15 indicate the values of the curvature radii on the inner side (first curved surface 14) and the outer side (second curved surface 33) of the load control attachment, respectively. That is, “52” is a test result with a load control attachment of R _in = 5 mm and R _out = 2 mm.

  FIG. 14 shows that the specific energy absorption amount increases as the curvature radius of the load control attachment decreases, and the SSCS can be controlled by changing the curvature radius. If the necessary energy absorption amount is determined, the load control attachment can be easily selected from FIG. When the radius of curvature is small, the fracture mode of the FRP cylinder is fiber rupture and delamination (see FIGS. 16 and 17). When the radius of curvature is large, almost no fiber rupture occurs and only the delamination mode is delamination. (See FIGS. 18 and 19). This change in the destruction mode causes the energy absorption amount to change.

The SSCS is improved when the radius of curvature of the load control attachment is reduced. However, when R _in = 0 mm and R _out = 0 mm, the SSCS does not increase compared to R _in = 2 mm and R _out = 0 mm. In this embodiment, the interval between the inner circumferential surface restraining member 10 and the outer circumferential surface restraining member 30 is connected to be 3 mm by the spacing forming member 50, but the angle that causes the FRP cylinder to break down. This is considered to be because the interval increases when the radius of curvature is zero. It is considered that the SSCS is in a peaked state because the fracture curvature cannot be reduced by increasing the interval, and as a result, further fiber breakage cannot be caused.

  In addition, the increase in the interval at the corner portion causes fluctuation at the time of a stable load because the constraint on the fracture curvature becomes loose. On the other hand, when a load control attachment (other than “00” and “20”) in which the interval is always constant is used, it can be seen that there is almost no load fluctuation during a stable load. Large load fluctuations can damage the occupant. It has been reported that load fluctuations during FRP cylinder compression are caused by failure not proceeding continuously (discontinuous progress of the central crack), but the fracture curvature is constrained from both sides by using a load control attachment. Therefore, the fracture proceeds continuously, so that no load fluctuation occurs.

In the present embodiment, the highest SSCS is shown when a load control attachment having a radius of curvature of R _in = 2 mm and R _out = 0 mm is used. The average value is 178 KJ / Kg. Here, it is reported that the SSCS of the carbon fiber / epoxy material without using the load control attachment is about 82 KJ / Kg. On the other hand, the carbon fiber / PEEK material showing the highest SSCS reported so far is 194 KJ / Kg in the case of a unidirectional cylinder. However, carbon fiber / PEEK materials are difficult to manufacture and are very expensive. In the present embodiment, it has been shown that by using the load control attachment, it is possible to achieve an SSCS value equivalent to that of the carbon fiber / PEEK material even if the carbon fiber / epoxy material is used.

  In this way, by using the load control attachment, it is possible to perform a wide control of the energy absorption amount using one kind of long fiber reinforced plastic cylinder. Further, by using the load control attachment, the specific energy absorption amount can be greatly improved. Furthermore, by using a load control attachment, it is possible to reduce the load fluctuation during a stable load. Furthermore, the only design variable for controlling the energy absorption amount is the radius of curvature of the load control attachment, and it is easy to design the energy absorption amount according to each vehicle weight.

  Next, the influence of the laminated structure of the material constituting the FRP cylinder (in this embodiment, Mitsubishi Rayon unidirectional prepreg sheet: PYROFIL # 380 (trade name)) on the amount of energy absorption was examined.

(Preparation of test piece)
Using the same material as above as the FRP cylindrical member 100, 12 layers of prepreg sheets cut to a width of 110 mm are laminated on an aluminum mandrel with a diameter of 50 mm and cured at 130 ° C. for 90 minutes in an autoclave to produce an FRP cylinder. To do. The end of this FRP cylinder was cut with a diamond cutter, and a 20 degree taper was machined with a lathe to promote breakage from one end. The nominal dimensions of the FRP cylinder were a total length of 100 mm, an inner diameter of 50 mm, and a thickness of 2.6 mm. Table 2 shows the laminated structure of the manufactured FRP cylinder.

Incidentally, listed in Table 2, "Stacking sequence" indicates a stacked state of the prepreg sheet, (90 _{2/0 10)} of (90 _2), the direction of the fibers are in the axial direction of the cylindrical perpendicular Indicates that two prepreg sheets (90-degree layer) are laminated, and (0 ₁₀ ) is a laminate of 10 prepreg sheets (0-degree layer) in which the fiber direction is the cylindrical axial direction. It shows that. Further, the left side of (/) indicates the inner peripheral side of the FRP cylinder, and the right side of (/) indicates the outer peripheral side.

Next, at the end of each FRP cylinder, the radius of curvature (R _in ) of the first curved surface 14 formed on the inner circumferential surface restraining member 10 is 0 mm, and the second radius formed on the outer circumferential surface restraining member 30. A load control attachment having a radius of curvature (R _out ) = 0 mm of the curved surface 33 was attached to prepare a test piece.

(Compressive fracture test)
In the compression fracture test, both sides of the test piece are sandwiched between metal plates, and a compression tester (manufactured by Shimadzu Autograph AG-IS 150 kN (trade name)) is used. Each test piece is loaded at a load speed of 1.0 mm / min. The FRP cylinder was compressed to 40 mm, which is half of the total length. Grease is applied to the part where the test piece and the attachment come in contact to reduce the effect of frictional resistance. For comparison, a similar compressive fracture test was performed on an FRP cylinder without a load control attachment. Note that these load control attachment unused results were distinguished by attaching “n−” to the test piece number. The results are shown in FIGS. 22 shows the initial maximum load and SSCS of the test piece shown in FIG. 20, and FIG. 23 shows the initial maximum load and SSCS of the test piece shown in FIG.

  20 and 22, it can be seen that the SSCS is the highest in the test piece (No. 6) having the 90-degree layer as the outermost layer when using the load control attachment. On the other hand, when the load control attachment is not used, the SSCS is higher as the 90-degree layer is on the outer side, but it is understood that the difference due to the influence is smaller when the layer is closer to the inner side. The amount of energy absorption is greatly improved by using the load control attachment, and the load drop from the initial maximum load is also suppressed.

  In addition, when the 90-degree layer is the outermost layer, the influence of the number of layers on the SSCS was examined. As shown in FIGS. 21 and 23, the test piece (No. 7) in which only one 90-degree layer was laminated on the outermost layer showed the highest SSCS. Since the used load control attachment improves the amount of energy absorption with respect to the unidirectional material FRP cylinder, the higher the 0-degree layer ratio is expected to improve the SSCS. However, it can be seen that the SSCS improved most when the 90-degree layer was laminated only on the outermost layer.

Next, FIG. 24 shows a schematic diagram at the time of progressive crushing. Since the curvature of the load control attachment used this time is R _in = R _out = 0 mm, the interval at the corner becomes 3 mm or more, and the FRP cylinder proceeds so as to avoid breakage as much as possible (FIG. 24 (1 )reference). On the other hand, if the lamination structure is (0 _{11/90 1)} is a test piece (No.7), since it has a 90 degree layer in the outermost layer, when the FRP cylinder is bent, generating 90 ° layer of circumferential stress (See FIG. 24 (2)). For this reason, it is considered that the SSCS is improved by producing an effect of increasing the fracture curvature. In addition, the increase in the number of 90-degree layers led to a decrease in SSCS, which is considered to be mainly due to a decrease in the ratio of the 0-degree layer that is responsible for energy absorption.

  Moreover, the load control attachment and the collision energy absorbing device according to the present invention have, for example, a configuration in which outer circumferential surface restraining members 30A to 30C are stacked in multiple stages on the inner circumferential surface restraining member 10, as shown in FIGS. You may have. Specifically, the outer circumferential surface restraining member 30 </ b> A has a hollow convex portion 45 </ b> A having a hollow portion 43 </ b> A communicating with the opening portion 32 formed in the outer circumferential surface restraining member 30 described above standing on the third base surface 37. Yes. The hollow convex portion 45A is continuously formed on the third base surface 37 via a third curved surface 46A having a predetermined radius of curvature. The opening 32 and the second curved surface 33 are the same as the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30 described above.

  The outer peripheral surface restraining member 30B has a larger inner diameter than the hollow convex portion 45A on the third base surface 37 by a length obtained by adding about twice the thickness of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30A and the thickness of the FRP cylinder 100. Except for the above, a hollow convex portion 45B having the same shape as the hollow convex portion 45A is formed. The hollow convex portion 45B is continuously formed on the third base surface 37 via a third curved surface 46B having a predetermined radius of curvature. The opening 32B of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30B has the same shape as the opening 32 except that its inner diameter is larger by the length of the outer peripheral surface constraining member 30A plus the thickness of the FRP cylinder 100. Have. The second curved surface 33 is the same as the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30 described above.

  The outer peripheral surface constraining member 30C is hollow except that the inner diameter of the third base surface 37 is larger than the hollow convex portion 45B by the length obtained by adding the thickness of the outer peripheral surface constraining member 30B and the thickness of the FRP cylinder 100. A hollow convex portion 45C having the same shape as the convex portion 45B is formed. The hollow convex portion 45C is continuously formed on the third base surface 37 via a third curved surface 46C having a predetermined radius of curvature. Further, the opening 32C of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30C has the same inner diameter as the opening 32 except that the inner diameter is larger by a length obtained by adding about twice the thickness of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30A and the thickness of the FRP cylinder 100. It has the same shape. The second curved surface 33 is the same as the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30 described above.

  And the inner peripheral surface restraining member 10 and the outer peripheral surface restraining members 30A-30C are assembled as follows. That is, the first base surface 12 of the inner peripheral surface restraining member 10 and the second base surface 36 of the outer peripheral surface constraining member 30 </ b> A are opposed to each other, and between the first base surface 12 and the second base surface 36. In the same manner as described above, the gap forming member 50 is disposed, and the convex portion 13 formed on the inner peripheral surface restraining member 10 is inserted into the opening 32 formed on the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30A, and the inner peripheral surface restraining member is inserted. 10. The interval forming member 50 and the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30A are fixed by screws 75. Further, the third base surface 37 of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30A and the second base surface 36 of the outer peripheral surface constraining member 30B are opposed to each other, and between the third base surface 37 and the second base surface 36, In the same manner as described above, the interval forming member 50 is disposed, and the hollow convex portion 45A is inserted into the opening 32B formed in the outer peripheral surface restricting member 30B, and the outer peripheral surface restricting member 30A, the interval forming member 50, and the outer peripheral surface restricting member are inserted. 30B is fixed with screws 75. Further, the third base surface 37 of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30B and the second base surface 36 of the outer peripheral surface constraining member 30C are opposed to each other, and between the third base surface 37 and the second base surface 36, The spacing forming member 50 is disposed in the same manner as described above, and the hollow convex portion 45B is inserted into the opening 32C formed in the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30C, and the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30B, the spacing forming member 50, and the outer peripheral surface restraining member. 30C is fixed with screws 75. In this way, the outer peripheral surface restraining members 30A to 30C were stacked in multiple stages.

  In the load control attachment 3 having the configuration shown in FIGS. 25 to 27, the convex portion 13 of the inner peripheral surface restraining member 10 is inserted into the hollow portion 101 of the FRP cylindrical member 100, and the end portion of the FRP cylindrical member 100 is the inner portion. The hollow convex portion 45A of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30A is inserted into the hollow portion 101B of the FRP cylindrical member 100B, and the end portion of the FRP cylindrical member 100B is the outer periphery. The hollow convex portion 45B of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30B is inserted into the hollow portion 101C of the FRP cylindrical member 100C, and the end portion of the FRP cylindrical member 100C is the outer peripheral surface. The collision energy absorbing device 4 is configured by being arranged between the restraining member 30B and the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30C.

  That is, the third base surface 37 of the hollow convex portion 45A of the outer circumferential surface restraining member 30A plays the same role as the first base surface 12 of the inner circumferential surface restraining member 10, and the third base surface 37 of the outer circumferential surface restraining member 30A. The curved surface 46A plays a role similar to that of the first curved surface 14 of the inner circumferential surface restraining member 10. The same applies to the outer peripheral surface restraining members 30B and 30C. Therefore, when a collision load is applied to the collision energy absorbing device 4 from the axial direction, the first curved surface 14 restrains the inner peripheral surface 102 while destroying the FRP cylindrical member 100 as in the case of the collision energy absorbing device 2. The second curved surface 33 restrains the outer peripheral surface 103 while destroying the FRP cylindrical member 100, so that the broken FRP cylindrical member 100 is interposed between the first base surface 12 and the second base surface 36. Induce.

  Similarly, the hollow convex portion 45A of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30A is further inserted into the back side of the hollow portion 101B of the FRP cylindrical member 100B, and the third curved surface 33 of the outer peripheral surface constraining member 30A is the FRP cylindrical member 100B. The second curved surface 33 of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30B restrains the outer peripheral surface 103B while destroying the FRP cylindrical member 100B, so that the second base surface 37 and the second base surface 37 The broken FRP cylindrical member 100B is guided between the base surface 36 and the base surface 36. Similarly, the hollow convex portion 45B of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30B is further inserted into the back side of the hollow portion 101C of the FRP cylindrical member 100C, and the third curved surface 33 of the outer peripheral surface constraining member 30B is attached to the FRP cylindrical member 100C. The inner circumferential surface 102C is restrained while breaking, and the second curved surface 33 of the outer circumferential surface restraining member 30C restrains the outer circumferential surface 103C while breaking the FRP cylindrical member 100C, and the third base surface 37 and the second curved surface 33C. The broken FRP cylindrical member 100C is guided between the base surface 36 and the base surface 36.

  Due to the destruction of these FRP cylindrical members 100, 100B and 100C, the collision energy generated by the collision load is absorbed. FIG. 28 shows a load-displacement diagram by the collision energy absorbing device 4. From FIG. 28, it can be seen that the collision energy absorbing device 4 in which the outer peripheral surface restraining members 30 </ b> A to 30 </ b> C are stacked in multiple stages can increase the amount of energy absorption more than the collision energy absorbing device 2. Moreover, since it is the said multistage structure, energy absorption capability can be improved in a small space. Further, not only the vehicle weight but also the optimum energy absorption capability can be exhibited in accordance with each speed at the time of the collision, and the influence on the occupant can be reduced.

  The collision energy absorbing device 4 has been described with respect to the case where the three outer peripheral surface restraining members 30A to 30C are stacked in multiple stages. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of outer peripheral surface constraining members stacked may be arbitrarily determined as desired. Can do. Further, the case where the inner diameter of the hollow convex portion 45B is larger by the length obtained by adding about twice the thickness of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30A and the thickness of the FRP cylinder 100 to the inner diameter of the hollow convex portion 45A has been described. However, the inner diameter of the hollow convex portion 45A is determined as desired as long as the hollow convex portion 45A can be inserted and the FRP cylinder 100 disposed between the hollow convex portion 45A and the hollow convex portion 45B can be restrained. can do. The same applies to the hollow convex portion 45C.

  In addition, the load control attachment and the collision energy absorbing device according to the present invention change the direction of standing along the outer periphery of the second base surface 36 of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30 as shown in FIGS. 29 to 31, for example. The portion 39 may be formed. The direction changing portion 39 abuts on the broken tip surface of the FRP cylindrical member 100 guided between the first base surface 12 and the second base surface 36, and the advancing of the abutting FRP cylindrical member 100 proceeds. The direction is changed. Thus, by changing the advancing direction of the FRP cylindrical member 100, a force is applied to the FRP cylindrical member 100 from the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 31 (3), the FRP cylindrical member 100 is deformed, and the energy absorption amount is further increased. Can be increased. In the case of this configuration, an interval forming member 150 in which male screws are formed is provided at positions shifted from each other by approximately 90 degrees on the outer peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface restraining member 10, and Bolt holes 76 through which the tips of the interval forming members 150 pass are formed, and the interval forming members 150 are inserted into the respective bolt holes 76 and fixed with nuts 77, whereby the inner peripheral surface restraining member 10 and the outer periphery are fixed. What is necessary is just to fix the surface restraint member 30. FIG.

  In addition to the four bolt holes 76, for example, another bolt hole whose position in the height direction of the direction changing portion 39 (the vertical position in FIG. 30) is different from that of the bolt hole 76 is replaced with the direction changing portion. By changing the relative position of the inner peripheral surface restraining member 10 with respect to the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30 by selecting an arbitrary bolt hole, the first position is changed. The distance between the base surface 12 and the second base surface 36 may be changed. In this case, by setting the distance between the first base surface 12 and the second base surface 36 to be narrower than the distance between the convex portion 13 and the inner peripheral surface 38 that defines the opening 32, the FRP When the cylindrical member 100 passes between the first base surface 12 and the second base surface 36, the force for restraining the inner peripheral surface 102 and the outer peripheral surface 103 of the FRP cylindrical member 100 can be increased. Further, the amount of energy absorption can be increased.

  In addition, when the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30 (30A, 30B, 30C) in which the direction changing portion 39 is not formed is used, the interval between the first base surface 12 and the second base surface 36 is the convex portion 13. And the inner peripheral surface 38 that defines the opening 32 can also be narrower than the gap between the inner peripheral surface 102 and the outer peripheral surface 103 of the FRP cylindrical member 100. Absorption can be increased.

  Further, as another means for changing the distance between the first base surface 12 and the second base surface 36, for example, the bolt hole 76 is arranged in the height direction of the direction changing portion 39 (the vertical direction in FIG. 30). ) May be a long slot, and the position at which the interval forming member 150 is fixed may be changed.

  Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, for example, the load control attachment and the collision energy absorbing device according to the present invention include an inner peripheral surface constraining member 10 and an outer peripheral surface constraining member 30 in which the direction changing portion 39 is formed. Also, the gap forming member 160 having a substantially plate shape disposed on the surface opposite to the side on which the FRP cylindrical member 100 is disposed may be fixed by a bolt or a screw (not shown). By doing in this way, the space | interval of the internal peripheral surface 38 which demarcates the convex part 13 and the opening part 32, the space | interval of the 1st base surface 12 and the 2nd base surface 36, the internal peripheral surface of the direction change part 39 And the distance from the inner peripheral surface restraining member 10 can be more easily and accurately maintained. Further, a height adjusting shim 170 is disposed between the inner peripheral surface restraining member 10 and the gap forming member 160, and the thickness of the height adjusting shim 170 is arbitrarily changed, so that the first The distance between the first base surface 12 and the second base surface 36 can be arbitrarily changed.

  In the present embodiment, the case where a hollow cylindrical member is used as the hollow columnar member including RFP has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the columnar member is, for example, a polygonal column such as a triangular column or a quadrangular column. It may be.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the four gap forming members 50 are arranged has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of the gap forming members 50 and the number of the places to be arranged are not limited to two. It can be arbitrarily determined as desired. Moreover, although the case where the space | interval formation member 50 was formed as an independent member was demonstrated in this Embodiment, not only this but the space | interval formation member 50 is the 1st base surface of the internal peripheral surface restraint member 10, for example. 12 may be integrally formed with the second base surface 36 of the outer peripheral surface restraining member 30. The shape can be arbitrarily determined as desired.

  Of course, the type and the number of laminated sheets constituting the FRP cylindrical member 100 can be arbitrarily determined as desired.

It is a side view of the internal peripheral surface restraint member which is a component of the load control attachment concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a bottom view of the inner peripheral surface restraining member shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the outer peripheral surface restraint member which is a component of the load control attachment concerning this Embodiment. It is a top view of the outer peripheral surface restraint member shown in FIG. It is a top view of the space | interval formation member arrange | positioned between the inner peripheral surface restraint member concerning this Embodiment and the outer peripheral surface restraint member concerning this Embodiment. It is a side view of the space | interval formation member shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the space | interval formation member shown in FIG. 5 on the internal peripheral surface restraint member concerning this Embodiment. It is a bottom view of the load control attachment concerning this Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the load control attachment shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the collision energy absorption apparatus concerning embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the state in which the load was applied to the collision energy absorption apparatus shown in FIG. 10 from the axial direction. It is sectional drawing which shows the state in which the load was further added from the axial direction from the state shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a load-displacement diagram of a typical progressive crushing fracture when an FRP cylinder is compressed. It is a load-displacement diagram at the time of performing a compression fracture test to the collision energy absorption device concerning this embodiment. Exemplary initial maximum load P _max when subjected to crushing to a collision energy absorbing device according to the exemplary diagrams showing average stable load P _a, and the mean value of the SSCS. It is the figure which described the photograph which shows the destruction state of a FRP cylinder planarly. It is the figure which described the photograph which shows the destruction state of a FRP cylinder in a side view. It is the figure which described the photograph which shows the destruction state of a FRP cylinder planarly. It is the figure which described the photograph which shows the destruction state of a FRP cylinder in a side view. It is a load-displacement diagram at the time of performing a compression fracture test to the collision energy absorption device concerning this embodiment. It is a load-displacement diagram at the time of performing a compression fracture test to the collision energy absorption device concerning this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the initial stage maximum load and SSCS at the time of performing a compression fracture test to the collision energy absorption apparatus concerning this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the initial stage maximum load and SSCS at the time of performing a compression fracture test to the collision energy absorption apparatus concerning this Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram at the time of progressive crushing. It is sectional drawing of the load control attachment concerning other embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the collision energy absorption apparatus concerning other embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows a part of collision energy absorption apparatus shown in FIG. It is the simplification figure of the load-displacement line at the time of performing a compressive fracture test to the collision energy absorption apparatus concerning other embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the load control attachment concerning other embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of the load control attachment shown in FIG. 29. It is sectional drawing which shows the state by which the load was applied to the collision energy absorber concerning other embodiment of this invention from the axial direction. It is a top view of the load control attachment concerning other embodiments of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the load control attachment shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 3 ... Load control attachment, 2, 4 ... Collision energy absorption apparatus, 10 ... Inner peripheral surface restraint member, 12 ... 1st base surface, 13 ... Convex part, 14 ... 1st curved surface, 30, 30A, 30B , 30C ... outer peripheral surface restraining member, 32 ... opening, 33 ... second curved surface, 36 ... second base surface, 37 ... third base surface, 39 ... direction changing portion, 45A, 45B, 45C ... hollow convex 46A, 46B, 46C ... third curved surface, 50, 150, 160 ... spacing forming member, 100, 100B, 100C ... FRP cylindrical member

Claims (16)

A load control attachment that is attached to the end of a hollow columnar member containing fiber reinforced plastic and controls the collision energy absorbed by the columnar member when a collision load is applied,
An inner peripheral surface of the columnar member having the first base surface and a convex portion standing on the first base surface and inserted into the hollow portion of the columnar member; An inner peripheral surface restraining portion that contacts and restrains the inner peripheral surface;
A second base surface; and an opening that is opened in the second base surface and into which the end of the columnar member is inserted, and is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the columnar member inserted into the opening. And an outer peripheral surface restraining portion for restraining the outer peripheral surface,
The convex portion is continuously formed on the first base surface via a first curved surface having a predetermined radius of curvature, and the opening is formed via the second curved surface having a predetermined radius of curvature. Formed continuously on the second base surface;
The inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the outer peripheral surface restraining portion are combined so that the convex portion is inserted into the opening and the first base surface and the second base surface are opposed to each other, and the opposed first base surface and between the second base surface, Ri Na intervals forming portion for separating the two base faces at predetermined intervals is provided,
The interval forming portion has a knife edge shape whose one end is narrowed toward the tip, and the knife edge shape side is disposed on the opening side into which the convex portion is inserted.
Load control attachment. The distance between the first base surface and the second base surface facing each other when the inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the outer peripheral surface restraining portion are combined is substantially the same as the thickness of the columnar member.
The load control attachment according to claim 1. The distance between the first base surface and the second base surface that face each other when the inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the outer peripheral surface restraining portion are combined is the inner circumference that defines the outer peripheral surface of the convex portion and the opening. Narrower than the distance to the surface,
The load control attachment according to claim 1. A collision load is applied from the axial direction of the columnar member in a state where the inner circumferential surface restraining portion and the outer circumferential surface restraining portion are combined, the columnar member is inserted into the convex portion, and the columnar member is inserted into the opening. When
The first curved surface restrains the inner peripheral surface of the columnar member while breaking the columnar member so as to expand outward, and is guided between the first base surface and the second base surface,
The second curved surface restrains the outer peripheral surface of the columnar member inward and is guided between the first base surface and the second base surface;
The load control attachment according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The columnar member can be brought into contact with the front end surface of the columnar member guided between the first base surface and the second base surface, and the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the contacted columnar member are constrained. Further comprising a direction changing section for changing the traveling direction of
The load control attachment according to claim 4. The outer peripheral surface restraining portion has a third base surface formed on the side opposite to the second base surface, and a hollow portion standing on the third base surface and communicating with the opening. A convex portion, further comprising an outer peripheral surface restraining member,
The hollow convex portion is continuously formed on the third base surface via a third curved surface having a predetermined radius of curvature,
A plurality of the outer peripheral surface restraining members,
Among the plurality of outer peripheral surface restraining members, the hollow convex portion of the outer peripheral surface restraining member combined with the inner peripheral surface restraining portion is a hollow portion of another outer peripheral surface restraining member having an inner diameter larger than that of the hollow convex portion, and this Between the second surface of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member and the third surface of the outer peripheral surface restraining member combined with the inner peripheral surface restraining portion. A forming portion is disposed;
The load control attachment according to any one of claims 1 to 5 . The hollow convex portion of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member is inserted into a hollow portion of another outer peripheral surface restraining member having a hollow convex portion having an inner diameter larger than that of the hollow convex portion and an opening communicating with the hollow convex portion. The gap forming portion is disposed between the second surface of the outer peripheral surface restraining member and the third surface of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member.
The load control attachment according to claim 6 . A collision energy absorbing device that is provided between a pair of members and controls a collision load transmitted to the other member side when a collision load is applied from one member side,
A hollow columnar member containing fiber reinforced plastic;
An inner peripheral surface of the columnar member having the first base surface and a convex portion standing on the first base surface and inserted into the hollow portion of the columnar member; An inner peripheral surface restraining portion that contacts and restrains the inner peripheral surface;
A second base surface; and an opening that is opened in the second base surface and into which the end of the columnar member is inserted, and is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the columnar member inserted into the opening. And an outer peripheral surface restraining portion for restraining the outer peripheral surface,
The convex portion is continuously formed on the first base surface via a first curved surface having a predetermined radius of curvature, and the opening is formed via the second curved surface having a predetermined radius of curvature. Formed continuously on the second base surface;
The inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the outer peripheral surface restraining portion are combined such that the convex portion is inserted into the opening and the first base surface and the second base surface are opposed to each other, and the opposed first base Between the surface and the second base surface, an interval forming part that separates the base surfaces from each other at a predetermined interval is provided.
The gap forming portion has a knife edge shape whose one end is narrowed toward the tip, and the knife edge shape side is disposed on the opening side where the convex portion is inserted,
The columnar member is disposed between the inner circumferential surface restraining portion and the outer circumferential surface restraining portion in a state where the end portion into which the convex portion is inserted is inserted into the opening.
Impact energy absorber. The distance between the first base surface and the second base surface facing each other is substantially the same as the thickness of the columnar member.
The collision energy absorbing device according to claim 8 . The distance between the first base surface and the second base surface that face each other when the inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the outer peripheral surface restraining portion are combined is the inner circumference that defines the outer peripheral surface of the convex portion and the opening. Narrower than the distance to the surface,
The collision energy absorbing device according to claim 8 . When a collision load is applied from the axial direction of the columnar member,
The first curved surface restrains the inner peripheral surface of the columnar member while breaking the columnar member so as to expand outward, and is guided between the first base surface and the second base surface,
The second curved surface restrains the outer peripheral surface of the columnar member inward and is guided between the first base surface and the second base surface;
The collision energy absorption device according to any one of claims 8 to 10 . The columnar member can be brought into contact with the front end surface of the columnar member guided between the first base surface and the second base surface, and the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the contacted columnar member are constrained. Further comprising a direction changing section for changing the traveling direction of
The collision energy absorbing device according to claim 11 . The outer peripheral surface restraining portion has a third base surface formed on the side opposite to the second base surface, and a hollow portion standing on the third base surface and communicating with the opening. A convex portion, further comprising an outer peripheral surface restraining member,
The hollow convex portion is continuously formed on the third base surface via a third curved surface having a predetermined radius of curvature,
A plurality of the outer peripheral surface restraining members,
Among the plurality of outer peripheral surface restraining members, the hollow convex portion of the outer peripheral surface restraining member combined with the inner peripheral surface restraining portion is a hollow portion of another outer peripheral surface restraining member having an inner diameter larger than that of the hollow convex portion, and this Between the second surface of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member and the third surface of the outer peripheral surface restraining member combined with the inner peripheral surface restraining portion. A forming part is disposed;
A columnar member is further disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the hollow convex portion of the outer peripheral surface restraining member combined with the inner peripheral surface restraining portion and the inner peripheral surface of the hollow convex portion of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member. Become
The collision energy absorbing device according to any one of claims 8 to 12 . The hollow convex portion of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member is inserted into a hollow portion of another outer peripheral surface restraining member having a hollow convex portion having an inner diameter larger than that of the hollow convex portion and an opening communicating with the hollow convex portion. The gap forming portion is disposed between the second surface of the outer peripheral surface restraining member and the third surface of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member,
A columnar member is further disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the hollow convex portion of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member and the inner peripheral surface of the hollow convex portion of the other outer peripheral surface restraining member.
The collision energy absorbing device according to claim 13 . The columnar member includes a fiber reinforced plastic using long fibers,
The collision energy absorption device according to any one of claims 8 to 14 . The columnar member is formed by laminating a plurality of sheets containing fiber reinforced plastic using long fibers.
The collision energy absorbing device according to claim 15 .