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JP4781582B2 - Reinforced fiber molded body - Google Patents
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JP4781582B2 - Reinforced fiber molded body - Google Patents

Reinforced fiber molded body Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4781582B2
JP4781582B2 JP2001299170A JP2001299170A JP4781582B2 JP 4781582 B2 JP4781582 B2 JP 4781582B2 JP 2001299170 A JP2001299170 A JP 2001299170A JP 2001299170 A JP2001299170 A JP 2001299170A JP 4781582 B2 JP4781582 B2 JP 4781582B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
molded body
fiber
fiber molded
water
insoluble
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JP2001299170A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003105100A (en
Inventor
昭博 猪塚
平八郎 多田
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Daicel Corp
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Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd
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Priority to JP2001299170A priority Critical patent/JP4781582B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、合成樹脂に配合するための強化繊維成形体、強化繊維成形体の製造法、樹脂組成物及び繊維強化樹脂成形体に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
合成樹脂成形体の剛性等の機械的強度を高めるため、合成樹脂に対してガラス繊維、炭素繊維、金属繊維等が配合され、各種用途に提供されている。
【0003】
しかし、ガラス繊維や金属繊維を配合した場合、成形体の重量が増加することや、成形体を消却処分したときに燃焼残渣が残るという問題があり、炭素繊維は高価であり、製品価格を上昇させるという問題がある。
【0004】
また、ガラス繊維等に替えて各種合成繊維を用いることもできるが、合成樹脂と混練するため押出機内にホッパーから投入する際、毛羽立って綿状になるため、押出機内に送り込み難いという問題がある。このため、デンプンやカルボキシメチルセルロース等の水溶性重合体で束ねた繊維成形体を投入する方法が採用されているが、このような繊維成形体は崩壊性が悪いので合成樹脂中に分散し難く、得られた樹脂成形体の機械的強度を低下させるという問題がある。更に、前記繊維成形体における繊維同士の結合力を弱めれば、合成樹脂中への分散性は或る程度改善されるものの、運搬時等に加えられる衝撃によって崩れてしまう恐れがある。
【0005】
本発明は、運搬等における形状保持性と、溶融混練時における崩壊性が共に優れており、合成樹脂の強化材として適した強化繊維成形体、前記強化繊維成形体の製造法、前記強化繊維成形体を用いた樹脂組成物、前記樹脂組成物を成形した樹脂成形体を提供することを課題とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題の解決手段として、合成樹脂に配合する水不溶性繊維を含む繊維成形体であり、水不溶性繊維と、ガラス転移温度が−170〜350℃にある水不溶性乃至は難溶性の重合体を含む、前記水不溶性繊維の集合体である強化繊維成形体、前記強化繊維成形体の製造法、前記強化繊維成形体を溶融混練してなる樹脂組成物、前記樹脂組成物を成形してなる樹脂成形体を提供する。
【0007】
なお、本発明において「(メタ)アクリル」と称するときは、アクリル酸、アクリル酸エステル、メタクリル酸、メタクリル酸エステルを意味する。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明で用いる水不溶性繊維は、天然又は合成樹脂からなる繊維であり、セルロース系繊維、亜麻繊維、クズ繊維、ヤシ繊維、ジュート繊維、麻繊維、アスペン繊維、ネズ繊維、タンパク質繊維、ポリアミド系繊維、ポリエステル系繊維、ポリウレタン系繊維、ポリオレフィン系繊維、ポリ塩化ビニル系繊維、ポリ塩化ビニリデン系繊維、ポリフルオロエチレン系繊維、ポリアクリル系繊維等を挙げることができる。
【0009】
水不溶性繊維は可撓性の高いものが良く、上記したものの中でもセルース系繊維、亜麻繊維、クズ繊維、ヤシ繊維、ジュート繊維、麻繊維、アスペン繊維、ネズ繊維が好ましく、セルロース系繊維がより好ましい。
【0010】
セルロース系繊維は、草木を叩解したもの、綿、麻、木綿等から得られるもの、ビスコースレーヨン、銅アンモニアレーヨン等を用いることができ、αセルロース含量が80質量%以上のものが好ましく、90質量%以上のものがより好ましく、98質量%以上のものが更に好ましい。
【0011】
セルロース系繊維は、平均直径が、好ましくは0.1〜1000μm、より好ましくは5〜100μm、更に好ましくは10〜50μm、特に好ましくは20〜30μmであり、平均長さが、好ましくは0.1〜1000mm、より好ましくは0.2〜500mm、更に好ましくは0.3〜50mm、特に好ましくは0.5〜5mmである。
【0012】
本発明で用いるガラス転移温度が−170〜350℃にある水不溶性乃至は難溶性の重合体は、バインダーとして、水不溶性繊維同士間を、形状保持性と崩壊性を併有する適度な結合力で束ねるように作用するものである。
【0013】
前記重合体のガラス転移温度が−170℃以上であると、押出機に供給する際に強化繊維成形体同士が融着したり、保存運搬時に強化繊維成形体同士がブロッキングを生じたりすることが防止される。350℃以下であると、強化繊維成形体の崩壊性が良いので、合成樹脂への分散性が良い。
【0014】
ガラス転移温度が−170〜350℃にある水不溶性乃至は難溶性の重合体としては、ポリエチレン、エチレン−ポリビニルアルコール共重合体、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体、スチレン−ブタジエン−アクリロニトリル共重合体、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリル−シリコーン共重合体、(メタ)アクリル−エポキシ共重合体、(メタ)アクリル−スチレン共重合体、(メタ)アクリル−ウレタン共重合体、ポリ酢酸ビニル、酢酸ビニル−(メタ)アクリル共重合体、酢酸ビニル−エチレン共重合体、(メタ)アクリル−スチレン共重合体から選ばれるものを挙げることができる。
【0015】
なお、水不溶性繊維を束ねる作用を行うバインダー成分として、前記の水不溶性乃至は難溶性の重合体と共に、水溶性重合体を併用することができる。この水溶性重合体としては、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリアクリル酸、ポリエチレンオキシド、ポリビニルピロリドン、水溶性ナイロン等から選ばれるものを挙げることができる。
【0016】
水不溶性繊維と水不溶性乃至は難溶性の重合体の含有割合は、水不溶性繊維が80〜99.99質量%、好ましくは90〜99.95質量%、より好ましくは95〜99.9質量%であり、前記重合体が0.01〜20質量%、好ましくは0.05〜10質量%、より好ましくは0.1〜5質量%である。前記重合体の含有割合が0.01質量%以上であると、形状保持性が良いので運搬時等に強化繊維成形体が崩れることが防止されると共に、毛羽立ち等も防止される。20質量%以下であると、崩壊性が良いので合成樹脂への分散性が良い。なお、水溶性重合体を併用する場合には、水不溶性乃至は難溶性の重合体と水溶性重合体の合計量が上記範囲内になるようにすれば良い。
【0017】
強化繊維成形体には、必要に応じて、他の成分を配合することができる。他の成分としては、熱硬化性樹脂、配合対象となる熱可塑性樹脂、酸化防止剤、紫外線防止剤、潤滑剤、銅害防止剤、顔料、染料、帯電防止剤、発泡剤、放射線遮蔽剤等を挙げることができる。
【0018】
本発明の強化繊維成形体は、外周が好ましくは5〜35mm、より好ましくは7〜30mm、更に好ましくは10〜15mmであり、長さが好ましくは3〜20mm、より好ましく3〜10mm、更に好ましくは3〜5mmである柱状成形体が好ましい。この柱状成形体の幅方向の断面形状は、円、方形、五角形以上の多角形、不定形のいずれでもよい。
【0019】
本発明の強化繊維成形体は、下記の形状保持率が、好ましくは50%以上、より好ましくは60%以上、更に好ましくは80%以上、特に好ましくは99%以上で、かつ崩壊率が、好ましくは50%以下、より好ましくは40%以下、更に好ましくは30%以下、特に好ましくは10%以下のものである。
【0020】
(形状保持率)
常温において、強化繊維成形体をポリエチレンの袋に入れ、高さ1mから計10回自然落下させた後の強化繊維成形体の重量(W2)と、強化繊維成形体の初期重量(W1)を用い、次式:(W2/W1)×100から求める。
【0021】
(崩壊率)
40〜350℃の温度雰囲気において、2×2×0.2cmのプラスチック板により、鉛直方向から強化繊維成形体の初期重量(WA)の1000倍量の圧力(荷重)を加え、崩壊させたときに残った最大成形体の重量(WB)と初期重量を用い、次式:(WB/WA)×100から求める。
【0022】
本発明の強化繊維成形体は、適当な混合手段中に、水不溶性繊維と、ガラス転移温度が−170〜350℃にある水不溶性乃至は難溶性の重合体を含むエマルション又はサスペンションを添加混合した後、或いは更に水溶性重合体の水溶液を添加混合した後、成形して得ることができる。
【0023】
エマルション又はサスペンションは、前記した水不溶性乃至は難溶性の重合体を乳化剤(陰イオン界面活性剤、陽イオン界面活性剤、両性界面活性剤、非イオン界面活性剤)の存在下で乳化又は懸濁させて得られるものであり、固形分濃度(重合体濃度)は特に制限されるものではないが、0.01〜20質量%が好ましく、0.05〜10質量%がより好ましく、0.1〜5質量%が更に好ましい。固形分濃度が0.01質量%以上であると、得られる強化繊維成形体の形状保持性が良いので運搬時等に強化繊維成形体が崩れることが防止されると共に、毛羽立ち等も防止される。20質量%以下であると、得られる強化繊維成形体の崩壊性が良いので合成樹脂への分散性が良い。
【0024】
混合手段としては、ターボミル、攪拌翼付き反応釜、V型混合機、タンブラー、高速ミキサー、リボン式ミキサー、ジェット粉砕機等を用いることができ、成形手段としては、ローラー加圧式ディスクダイ付き造粒機、スクリュー押出式造粒機、スプレークーラー式造粒機、多段式円筒造粒機等を用いることができる。
【0025】
本発明の樹脂組成物は、合成樹脂100質量部と、強化繊維成形体5〜500質量部、好ましくは10〜100質量部、より好ましくは20〜50質量部を溶融混練して得られるものである。
【0026】
合成樹脂は熱可塑性樹脂でも熱硬化性樹脂でも良く、熱可塑性樹脂としては、ポリアミド、スチレン系重合体、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン、ポリエーテル、ポリエステルエーテル、ポリアミドエーテル、ポリフェニレンオキサイド、ポリカーボネート、ポリオレフィン、アクリル樹脂、メタクリル樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン等を挙げることができ、熱硬化性樹脂としては、フェノール樹脂、メラミン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ユリア樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、シリコーン樹脂等を挙げることができる。
【0027】
本発明の繊維強化樹脂成形体は、上記樹脂組成物を押出成形、射出成形等の周知の成形手段により、用途に応じた所望形状に成形して得られるものである。この樹脂成形体は、特に剛性等の機械的強度が要求される用途に適しており、例えば、下記の自動車に用いる各種部品を挙げることができる。
【0028】
インストルメントパネル、メータケース、エアコン、オーディオ、グローブボックス、エアダクト、エアバッグリッド、レジスター、ピラーガーニッシュ、ルーフライナー、サンルーフスライダー、リアーパーセルシェルフ、リアトレイ、ドアトリム、ステアリングホイール、スイッチ類、スリップジョイント、ベンチレーターフィン、ワイパーレバー等の内装部品やバンパー、バンパービーム、バンパーフェイシア、ルーフ、バンパーガード、フロントフェンダー、リアーフェンダー、キャノピー、フード、ラジエーターグリル、テールゲートアウターパネル、スポイラー、サイドモール、サイドプロテクター、サイドシルガーニッシュ、カウルトップガーニッシュ、ホイールカバー、ホイールキャップ、アウトサイドハンドル、アウタドアハンドル、ピラーガーニッシュ、フェンダーミラー、リアランプ、ヘッドランプ、ランプハウジング、カウルトップベンチレーション、エンブレム、オーナメント、リヤーパネル、エアスポイラー、リアワイパーアーム、ドアミラーステイ等の外装部品やエンジンカバー、シリンダーヘッドカバーやシャーシ系のエンジンマウントやオイル・ブローバイ系のシリンダーヘッドカバー、オイルフィラーダクト、オイルフィラーキャップ、オイルリザーブタンク、プラグシール、オイルレベルゲージ、ホースコネクター、オイルセパレーター、ブローバイパイプ、オイルストレーナー、フューエルインジェクター、フューエルストレーナー、フューエルデリバリーパイプ、バキュームタンク、キャニスタや吸気系のエアクリーナーケース、エレメントホルダー、エアインレットパイプ、エアインテークダクト、過給気継手ダクト、過給気バイパスホース、インタークーラータンク、インタークーラーホース、吸気チャンバー、サージタンク、レゾネーター、インテークマニホールドや冷却系のポンプインペラー、サーモスタットカバー、LLCリザーブタンク、LLCアウトレットダクト、LLCホースコネクター、ウォータインレット、ラジエータータンク、クーリングファンやカム駆動系のカムスプロケット、テンショナーブッシュ、ベルトアイドラー、タイミングベルトカバー、チェンガイド、キャニスターや燃料系のデリバリーパイプ、燃料配管、フィルターハウジングや電装系のコネクター、ジャンクションボックス、フューズブロック、センサーハウジング、スイッチケース、角度センサーホルダー、ABSアクチュエーター、排ガスコントロールバルブ、ECUハウジング、リレーブロック、ユニットケース、ハーネスコネクター、エアフロメーターハウジング、ディストリビュータカバー、ディストリビュータローター、イグニッションコイルカバーやトランスミッションのインヒビターズウィッチ、オイルストレーナー、バキュームポンプケース、シールリング、スピードメータギア、スピードメータホルダー、アキュムレータピストン、ガバナギア、エアブリザーホース、トルクコンバーターステーター、シフトレバーベース等のエンジン回り、機構部品やリレー、パワーウィンドウギアケース・センサー、ドアロックアクチュエーター、スパイラルケーブル、コンビネーションレバー、各種スイッチ・メーターボビン・カウンター、パワーシートベース等の車体関係電装部品やブレーキ回りのブレーキブースターピストン、ピストンリング等の部品やその他のクリップ、ファスナー。
【0029】
本発明の繊維強化樹脂成形体は、その他にも、各種機械部品、電気・電子部品、摺動部品、吸音材、使用後に焼却処分する医療器具容器材、建築用の木材代替品(木目材)、通信機器用筺体、放射線遮蔽材等に用いることができる。
【0030】
【実施例】
以下に、実施例に基づいて本発明をより詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によって限定されるものではない。
【0031】
実施例1
水不溶性繊維として、平均直径20μm、平均長さ0.85mmで、αセルロース含量が99質量%のセルロース系繊維凝集体を用い、エマルションとしてアクリル−エポキシ共重合体エマルション(ガラス転移温度35℃;固形分濃度30質量%)(ダイセル化学工業(株)製,AST−483)を用い、次の方法で強化繊維成形体を得た。
【0032】
まず、セルロース系繊維凝集体をターボミル(ターボ工業(株)製の粉砕機)にかけ、単繊維状態になるまで解砕した後、ターボミルから吐出されるセルロース系繊維にエマルションを噴霧した。このときの噴霧量は、ターボミルのセルロース系繊維の吐出量100kg/hrに対し、エマルションが5kg/hrとした。
【0033】
次に、セルロース系繊維と熱可塑性重合体の混合物を、そのままローラー加圧式ディスクダイ付き造粒機((株)ダルトン製)にかけ、周囲10mm、長さ4mmの円柱状の強化繊維成形体を得た。
【0034】
この強化繊維成形体を90℃で5時間乾燥した後に重量を測定し、原料として用いたセルロース系繊維凝集体の重量との差をアクリル−エポキシ共重合体の付着量(g)とした。更に強化繊維成形体について、形状保持率及び崩壊率を測定した。なお、崩壊率の測定は、温度50℃、強化繊維成形体重量20g、プラスチック(ナイロン6)板による荷重20kgで行った。結果を表1に示す。
【0035】
実施例2
エマルションとしてエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体(ガラス転移温度60℃;固形分濃度16質量%)(日本合成化学工業製,ソアノール16D)を用いたほかは実施例1と同様にして、強化繊維成形体を得た。形状保持率及び崩壊率の測定結果を表1に示す。
【0036】
比較例1
水不溶性繊維として、シランカップリング剤〔ビニル・トリス(β−メトキシエトキシ)シラン〕で処理した直径15μm、長さ3mmのガラス繊維(旭硝子(株)製)を用いたほかは実施例1と同様にして、繊維成形体を得た。形状保持率及び崩壊率の測定結果を表1に示す。
【0037】
比較例2
エマルションに替えてカルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム(CMCNa)(ダイセル化学工業(株)製,CMCダイセル)の5質量%水溶液を用いたほかは実施例1と同様にして、繊維成形体を得た。形状保持率及び崩壊率の測定結果を表1に示す。
【0038】
【表1】

Figure 0004781582
【0039】
表1から明らかなとおり、実施例1、2のセルロース繊維とエマルションから製造された強化繊維成形体は、形状保持性と崩壊性の両方が良かった。一方、比較例1は形状保持性、崩壊性とも悪いので実用困難であり、比較例2は水溶液の調製が必要であり、しかも崩壊性が悪いので、樹脂用の配合剤としては不適である。
【0040】
実施例3、4、比較例3、4
ホモポリプロピレン(230℃、2.16kgのメルトレートフローが10g/min)100質量部に対して、それぞれ実施例1、2で得た強化繊維成形体、比較例1、2で得た繊維成形体30質量部を混合し、スクリュー径30mmの同方向2軸押出機(シリンダー温度は190℃に設定)を用いて溶融混練して、ペレットを得た。
【0041】
これらのペレットを型締め圧100トン、スクリュー径32mmの射出成形機(シリンダー温度は190℃に設定)により、ISO規格のテストピースを作製し、表2に示す各試験項目の測定を行った。測定方法の詳細は下記の通りである。結果を表2に示す。
【0042】
引張強さ(MPa):ISO引張試験片(厚み4mm、全長150mmのダンベル片)を、23℃、湿度50%RHの状態で90時間放置後、オリエンテック(株)製UTM−5Tを用いて測定した。つかみ具間の間隔115mm、標線間距離50mmに設定し、引張速度50mm/minで測定した。
【0043】
曲げ弾性率(MPa):ISO曲げ試験片(長さ80mm、幅10mm、厚み4mm)を、23℃、湿度50%RHの状態で90時間放置後、オリエンテック(株)製UTM−5Tを用いて測定した。支持台のR=5mm、圧子のR=5mm、支持点間距離64mmに設定し、試験速度2mm/minで測定した。
【0044】
燃焼残渣(質量%):オーブン中で800℃で5分間燃焼させたときの初期重量に対する燃焼残渣重量の割合を求めた。
【0045】
分散性:ペレットを用いて熱プレス成形し、厚さ0.5mmのシートを作製し、直径が1mm以上の繊維凝集塊の有無を確認した。
【0046】
【表2】
Figure 0004781582
【0047】
実施例3、4の成形体は、ポリプロピレン中に実施例1、2の強化繊維成形体が均一に分散されているので、引張強さ、曲げ弾性率が優れていた。更に、比重が小さいので比較例3、4の成形体に比べて軽量であり、燃焼残渣も無かった。
【0048】
比較例3の成形体は、分散性は良いので、引張強さ、曲げ弾性率が優れていたが、実施例1、2の成形体に比べて重く、燃焼残渣が多かった。更に、シランカップリング剤処理しているので、実施例1、2に比べて製造コストが高くなった。
【0049】
比較例4の成形体は、分散性が悪く、繊維の凝集塊が認められ、比重も均一ではなく、幅があった。このため、引張強さ、曲げ弾性率が劣っていた。
【0050】
【発明の効果】
本発明の強化繊維成形体は、形状保持性及び崩壊性が優れているので、合成樹脂中における分散性が良く、合成樹脂用の強化材として適している。更に、本発明の強化繊維成形体を配合した樹脂成形体は、軽量で機械的強度が高いので、剛性等が要求される分野の材料用として適しており、燃焼残渣も無いので、廃棄処理も容易である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a reinforced fiber molded body for blending with a synthetic resin, a method for producing a reinforced fiber molded body, a resin composition, and a fiber reinforced resin molded body.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to increase mechanical strength such as rigidity of the synthetic resin molding, glass fiber, carbon fiber, metal fiber, and the like are blended with the synthetic resin and provided for various uses.
[0003]
However, when glass fiber or metal fiber is blended, there is a problem that the weight of the molded body increases and combustion residues remain when the molded body is incinerated. Carbon fiber is expensive and increases the product price. There is a problem of making it.
[0004]
In addition, various synthetic fibers can be used instead of glass fibers, etc., but when kneaded with a synthetic resin, when being fed from a hopper into the extruder, it becomes fluffy and fluffy, which makes it difficult to feed into the extruder. . For this reason, a method has been adopted in which a fiber molded body bundled with a water-soluble polymer such as starch or carboxymethylcellulose is employed, but such a fiber molded body has poor disintegration and is difficult to disperse in a synthetic resin. There exists a problem of reducing the mechanical strength of the obtained resin molding. Furthermore, if the bonding force between the fibers in the fiber molded body is weakened, the dispersibility in the synthetic resin is improved to some extent, but there is a possibility that it will collapse due to an impact applied during transportation.
[0005]
The present invention is excellent in both shape retention during transportation and the like and disintegration during melt-kneading, and is suitable for use as a synthetic resin reinforcing material, a method for producing the reinforcing fiber molded body, and the reinforcing fiber molding. It is an object of the present invention to provide a resin composition using a body and a resin molded body obtained by molding the resin composition.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a fiber molded body containing water-insoluble fibers to be blended with a synthetic resin, and is water-insoluble or water-insoluble or hardly soluble with a glass transition temperature of -170 to 350 ° C. Reinforcing fiber molded body that is an aggregate of water-insoluble fibers, including a polymer, a method for producing the reinforcing fiber molded body, a resin composition obtained by melt-kneading the reinforcing fiber molded body, and molding the resin composition A resin molded body is provided.
[0007]
In the present invention, “(meth) acryl” means acrylic acid, acrylic ester, methacrylic acid, and methacrylic ester.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The water-insoluble fiber used in the present invention is a fiber made of a natural or synthetic resin, and is made of cellulosic fiber, flax fiber, litter fiber, palm fiber, jute fiber, hemp fiber, aspen fiber, mud fiber, protein fiber, polyamide fiber. , Polyester fibers, polyurethane fibers, polyolefin fibers, polyvinyl chloride fibers, polyvinylidene chloride fibers, polyfluoroethylene fibers, polyacryl fibers and the like.
[0009]
Water-insoluble fibers are preferably highly flexible, and among the above-mentioned ones, cellulose fibers, flax fibers, scrap fibers, palm fibers, jute fibers, hemp fibers, aspen fibers, and nezu fibers are preferable, and cellulose fibers are more preferable. .
[0010]
Cellulosic fibers may be those obtained by beating vegetation, those obtained from cotton, hemp, cotton, etc., viscose rayon, copper ammonia rayon, etc., and those having an α cellulose content of 80% by mass or more are preferred. More preferably, it is more preferably 98% by mass or more.
[0011]
Cellulosic fibers have an average diameter of preferably 0.1 to 1000 μm, more preferably 5 to 100 μm, still more preferably 10 to 50 μm, particularly preferably 20 to 30 μm, and an average length of preferably 0.1 to 0.1 μm. -1000 mm, More preferably, it is 0.2-500 mm, More preferably, it is 0.3-50 mm, Most preferably, it is 0.5-5 mm.
[0012]
The water-insoluble or hardly-soluble polymer having a glass transition temperature of -170 to 350 ° C. used in the present invention, as a binder, has an appropriate bonding force between water-insoluble fibers and having both shape retention and disintegration. It acts as a bundle.
[0013]
When the glass transition temperature of the polymer is −170 ° C. or higher, the reinforcing fiber molded bodies may be fused when supplied to an extruder, or the reinforcing fiber molded bodies may be blocked during storage and transportation. Is prevented. When the temperature is 350 ° C. or lower, the disintegration property of the reinforcing fiber molded body is good, and thus the dispersibility in the synthetic resin is good.
[0014]
Examples of water-insoluble or hardly soluble polymers having a glass transition temperature of -170 to 350 ° C include polyethylene, ethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer, polypropylene, polystyrene, styrene-butadiene copolymer, and styrene-butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer. Polymer, poly (meth) acrylic acid, (meth) acryl-silicone copolymer, (meth) acryl-epoxy copolymer, (meth) acryl-styrene copolymer, (meth) acryl-urethane copolymer, Examples thereof include those selected from polyvinyl acetate, vinyl acetate- (meth) acrylic copolymer, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer, and (meth) acrylic-styrene copolymer.
[0015]
A water-soluble polymer can be used in combination with the water-insoluble or hardly-soluble polymer as a binder component that binds water-insoluble fibers. Examples of the water-soluble polymer include those selected from polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, water-soluble nylon and the like.
[0016]
The content ratio of the water-insoluble fiber and the water-insoluble or hardly soluble polymer is 80 to 99.99 % by mass of the water-insoluble fiber, preferably 90 to 99.95 % by mass, and more preferably 95 to 99.9 % by mass. The polymer is 0.01 to 20% by mass, preferably 0.05 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass. When the content of the polymer is 0.01% by mass or more, shape retention is good, so that the reinforcing fiber molded body is prevented from collapsing during transportation, and fuzzing is also prevented. When the content is 20% by mass or less, disintegration is good, and thus dispersibility in a synthetic resin is good. When a water-soluble polymer is used in combination, the total amount of the water-insoluble or hardly water-soluble polymer and the water-soluble polymer may be within the above range.
[0017]
Other components can be blended in the reinforcing fiber molded body as necessary. Other components include thermosetting resins, thermoplastic resins to be blended, antioxidants, UV inhibitors, lubricants, copper damage inhibitors, pigments, dyes, antistatic agents, foaming agents, radiation shielding agents, etc. Can be mentioned.
[0018]
The reinforcing fiber molded body of the present invention preferably has an outer periphery of 5 to 35 mm, more preferably 7 to 30 mm, still more preferably 10 to 15 mm, and a length of preferably 3 to 20 mm, more preferably 3 to 10 mm, still more preferably. Is preferably a columnar shaped body of 3 to 5 mm. The cross-sectional shape in the width direction of the columnar molded body may be any of a circle, a square, a pentagon or more polygon, and an indeterminate shape.
[0019]
The reinforcing fiber molded body of the present invention preferably has the following shape retention rate of 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, still more preferably 80% or more, particularly preferably 99% or more, and a collapse rate is preferable. Is not more than 50%, more preferably not more than 40%, still more preferably not more than 30%, particularly preferably not more than 10%.
[0020]
(Shape retention)
At room temperature, the reinforcing fiber molded body is placed in a polyethylene bag and allowed to fall naturally 10 times from a height of 1 m (W 2 ) and the initial weight (W 1 ) of the reinforcing fiber molded body. Is calculated from the following formula: (W 2 / W 1 ) × 100.
[0021]
(Decay rate)
In a temperature atmosphere of 40 to 350 ° C., a pressure (load) 1000 times the initial weight (W A ) of the reinforcing fiber molded body was applied from the vertical direction with a 2 × 2 × 0.2 cm plastic plate to cause collapse. Using the weight (W B ) and the initial weight of the largest molded body remaining at times, the following formula: (W B / W A ) × 100 is used.
[0022]
The reinforcing fiber molded body of the present invention was mixed by adding an emulsion or suspension containing a water-insoluble fiber and a water-insoluble or hardly soluble polymer having a glass transition temperature of -170 to 350 ° C. in an appropriate mixing means. Thereafter, or after further adding and mixing an aqueous solution of a water-soluble polymer, it can be obtained by molding.
[0023]
An emulsion or suspension emulsifies or suspends the above water-insoluble or hardly soluble polymer in the presence of an emulsifier (anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant, amphoteric surfactant, nonionic surfactant). The solid content concentration (polymer concentration) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 10% by mass, and 0.1% -5 mass% is still more preferable. When the solid content concentration is 0.01% by mass or more, the shape retention of the obtained reinforcing fiber molded body is good, so that the reinforcing fiber molded body is prevented from collapsing during transportation or the like, and fluffing is also prevented. . When the content is 20% by mass or less, the disintegration property of the obtained reinforcing fiber molded body is good, so that the dispersibility in the synthetic resin is good.
[0024]
As a mixing means, a turbo mill, a reaction kettle with a stirring blade, a V-type mixer, a tumbler, a high-speed mixer, a ribbon mixer, a jet pulverizer, or the like can be used. As a forming means, granulation with a roller pressure type disk die is used. A machine, a screw extrusion granulator, a spray cooler granulator, a multistage cylindrical granulator, or the like can be used.
[0025]
The resin composition of the present invention is obtained by melt-kneading 100 parts by mass of a synthetic resin and 5 to 500 parts by mass, preferably 10 to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 20 to 50 parts by mass of a reinforcing fiber molded body. is there.
[0026]
The synthetic resin may be a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin, and examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyamide, styrene polymer, polyester, polyurethane, polyether, polyester ether, polyamide ether, polyphenylene oxide, polycarbonate, polyolefin, acrylic resin, Mention may be made of methacrylic resin, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, and examples of thermosetting resins include phenolic resin, melamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin, urea resin, polyurethane resin, silicone resin, etc. Can do.
[0027]
The fiber reinforced resin molded article of the present invention is obtained by molding the above resin composition into a desired shape according to the application by a known molding means such as extrusion molding or injection molding. This resin molded body is particularly suitable for applications requiring mechanical strength such as rigidity, and examples thereof include various parts used in the following automobiles.
[0028]
Instrument panel, meter case, air conditioner, audio, glove box, air duct, air bag grid, register, pillar garnish, roof liner, sunroof slider, rear parcel shelf, rear tray, door trim, steering wheel, switches, slip joint, ventilator fin, Interior parts such as wiper lever, bumper, bumper beam, bumper fascia, roof, bumper guard, front fender, rear fender, canopy, hood, radiator grill, tailgate outer panel, spoiler, side molding, side protector, side silgarnish, cowl Top garnish, wheel cover, wheel cap, outside handle, outerd Handle parts, pillar garnishes, fender mirrors, rear lamps, headlamps, lamp housings, cowl top ventilations, emblems, ornaments, rear panels, air spoilers, rear wiper arms, door mirror stays and other exterior parts and engine covers, cylinder head covers and chassis systems Engine mount and oil blow-by cylinder head cover, oil filler duct, oil filler cap, oil reserve tank, plug seal, oil level gauge, hose connector, oil separator, blow-by pipe, oil strainer, fuel injector, fuel strainer, fuel Delivery pipe, vacuum tank, canister, air cleaner case for intake system, electric Holder, air inlet pipe, air intake duct, supercharged joint duct, supercharger bypass hose, intercooler tank, intercooler hose, intake chamber, surge tank, resonator, intake manifold and cooling system pump impeller, thermostat cover, LLC Reserve tank, LLC outlet duct, LLC hose connector, water inlet, radiator tank, cooling fan, cam drive cam sprocket, tensioner bush, belt idler, timing belt cover, chain guide, canister and fuel delivery pipe, fuel piping , Filter housings and electrical connectors, junction boxes, fuse blocks, sensor housings, switch cables , Angle sensor holder, ABS actuator, exhaust gas control valve, ECU housing, relay block, unit case, harness connector, air flow meter housing, distributor cover, distributor rotor, ignition coil cover and transmission inhibitor switch, oil strainer, vacuum pump Case, seal ring, speedometer gear, speedometer holder, accumulator piston, governor gear, air blister hose, torque converter stator, shift lever base and other engine parts, mechanical parts and relays, power window gear case / sensor, door lock actuator, Spiral cable, combination lever, various switches Tabobin counter, power seat base, such as body-related electrical components and brake around the brake booster piston, the piston rings, etc. parts and other clips, fasteners.
[0029]
The fiber-reinforced resin molded body of the present invention includes various other machine parts, electrical / electronic parts, sliding parts, sound absorbing materials, medical device container materials to be incinerated after use, and wood substitutes for construction (wood grain materials). It can be used for communication device housings, radiation shielding materials, and the like.
[0030]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0031]
Example 1
Cellulose fiber aggregates having an average diameter of 20 μm, an average length of 0.85 mm and an α-cellulose content of 99% by mass are used as water-insoluble fibers, and an acrylic-epoxy copolymer emulsion (glass transition temperature: 35 ° C .; solid) Using a partial concentration of 30% by mass) (Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., AST-483), a reinforcing fiber molded body was obtained by the following method.
[0032]
First, the cellulosic fiber aggregate was applied to a turbo mill (pulverizer manufactured by Turbo Industry Co., Ltd.) and pulverized to a single fiber state, and then an emulsion was sprayed onto the cellulosic fibers discharged from the turbo mill. The spray amount at this time was set to 5 kg / hr for the emulsion with respect to the discharge rate of 100 kg / hr for the cellulose fiber of the turbo mill.
[0033]
Next, the mixture of the cellulosic fiber and the thermoplastic polymer is directly subjected to a roller pressurizing disk die granulator (manufactured by Dalton Co., Ltd.) to obtain a cylindrical reinforcing fiber molded body having a circumference of 10 mm and a length of 4 mm. It was.
[0034]
The reinforcing fiber molded body was dried at 90 ° C. for 5 hours and then weighed. The difference from the weight of the cellulose fiber aggregate used as a raw material was defined as the adhesion amount (g) of the acrylic-epoxy copolymer. Further, the shape retention rate and the collapse rate of the reinforced fiber molded body were measured. The decay rate was measured at a temperature of 50 ° C., a reinforcing fiber molded body weight of 20 g, and a plastic (nylon 6) plate load of 20 kg. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0035]
Example 2
Reinforced fiber molded body in the same manner as in Example 1 except that ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (glass transition temperature 60 ° C .; solid content concentration 16% by mass) (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry, Soarnol 16D) was used as the emulsion. Got. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the shape retention rate and the collapse rate.
[0036]
Comparative Example 1
As water-insoluble fiber, a glass fiber (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) having a diameter of 15 μm and a length of 3 mm treated with a silane coupling agent [vinyl tris (β-methoxyethoxy) silane] was used. Thus, a fiber molded body was obtained. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the shape retention rate and the collapse rate.
[0037]
Comparative Example 2
A fiber molded body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a 5 mass% aqueous solution of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) (manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., CMC Daicel) was used instead of the emulsion. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the shape retention rate and the collapse rate.
[0038]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004781582
[0039]
As is clear from Table 1, the reinforcing fiber molded bodies produced from the cellulose fibers and emulsions of Examples 1 and 2 were good in both shape retention and disintegration. On the other hand, Comparative Example 1 is difficult to put into practical use because both shape retention and disintegration are poor, and Comparative Example 2 is not suitable as a compounding agent for resins because it requires preparation of an aqueous solution and its disintegration is poor.
[0040]
Examples 3 and 4 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4
Reinforced fiber molded bodies obtained in Examples 1 and 2 and fiber molded bodies obtained in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 with respect to 100 parts by mass of homopolypropylene (230 ° C., melt rate flow of 2.16 kg is 10 g / min), respectively. 30 parts by mass were mixed and melt-kneaded using a same-direction twin screw extruder (cylinder temperature set at 190 ° C.) with a screw diameter of 30 mm to obtain pellets.
[0041]
These pellets were made into ISO standard test pieces using an injection molding machine (cylinder temperature set to 190 ° C.) with a clamping pressure of 100 tons and a screw diameter of 32 mm, and the test items shown in Table 2 were measured. Details of the measurement method are as follows. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0042]
Tensile strength (MPa): An ISO tensile test piece (a dumbbell piece having a thickness of 4 mm and a total length of 150 mm) was allowed to stand for 90 hours at 23 ° C. and a humidity of 50% RH, and then used UTM-5T manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd. It was measured. The distance between the grips was set to 115 mm, and the distance between the marked lines was set to 50 mm, and measurement was performed at a tensile speed of 50 mm / min.
[0043]
Bending elastic modulus (MPa): An ISO bending test piece (length 80 mm, width 10 mm, thickness 4 mm) was left for 90 hours at 23 ° C. and humidity 50% RH, and then used UTM-5T manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd. Measured. The measurement was carried out at a test speed of 2 mm / min, with the support stage R = 5 mm, the indenter R = 5 mm, and the distance between the support points of 64 mm.
[0044]
Combustion residue (mass%): The ratio of the combustion residue weight to the initial weight when burned in an oven at 800 ° C. for 5 minutes was determined.
[0045]
Dispersibility: Hot press molding was performed using pellets to prepare a sheet having a thickness of 0.5 mm, and the presence or absence of a fiber aggregate having a diameter of 1 mm or more was confirmed.
[0046]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004781582
[0047]
The molded bodies of Examples 3 and 4 were excellent in tensile strength and flexural modulus because the reinforcing fiber molded bodies of Examples 1 and 2 were uniformly dispersed in polypropylene. Furthermore, since specific gravity was small, it was lightweight compared with the molded object of the comparative examples 3 and 4, and there was no combustion residue.
[0048]
Since the molded product of Comparative Example 3 had good dispersibility, it had excellent tensile strength and flexural modulus, but was heavier than the molded products of Examples 1 and 2 and had many combustion residues. Furthermore, since the silane coupling agent was treated, the production cost was higher than in Examples 1 and 2.
[0049]
The molded body of Comparative Example 4 had poor dispersibility, fiber agglomerates were observed, specific gravity was not uniform, and there was a width. For this reason, tensile strength and bending elastic modulus were inferior.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
Since the reinforcing fiber molded body of the present invention is excellent in shape retention and disintegration, it has good dispersibility in the synthetic resin and is suitable as a reinforcing material for the synthetic resin. Furthermore, since the resin molded body blended with the reinforcing fiber molded body of the present invention is lightweight and has high mechanical strength, it is suitable for materials in fields where rigidity and the like are required, and since there is no combustion residue, disposal processing is also possible. Easy.

Claims (8)

合成樹脂に配合する水不溶性繊維を含む繊維成形体であり、水不溶性繊維95〜99.9質量%と、ガラス転移温度が−170〜350℃にある水不溶性乃至は難溶性の重合体0.1〜5質量%を含む、前記水不溶性繊維の集合体であり、
前記水不溶性繊維がセルロース系繊維であり、
前記水不溶性乃至は難溶性の重合体が、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリル−シリコーン共重合体、(メタ)アクリル−エポキシ共重合体、(メタ)アクリル−スチレン共重合体、(メタ)アクリル−ウレタン共重合体、酢酸ビニル−(メタ)アクリル共重合体、酢酸ビニル−エチレン共重合体から選ばれるものである強化繊維成形体。
A fiber molded body containing water-insoluble fibers to be blended with a synthetic resin, a water-insoluble or hardly soluble polymer having a water-insoluble fiber of 95 to 99.9% by mass and a glass transition temperature of −170 to 350 ° C. 1-5% by mass, an aggregate of the water-insoluble fibers,
The water-insoluble fiber is a cellulosic fiber;
The water-insoluble or hardly soluble polymer is poly (meth) acrylic acid, (meth) acryl-silicone copolymer, (meth) acryl-epoxy copolymer, (meth) acryl-styrene copolymer, ( A reinforced fiber molded article selected from a (meth) acrylic-urethane copolymer, a vinyl acetate- (meth) acrylic copolymer, and a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer.
外周が5〜35mmで、長さが3〜20mmの柱状成形体である請求項1記載の強化繊維成形体。  The reinforcing fiber molded body according to claim 1, which is a columnar molded body having an outer periphery of 5 to 35 mm and a length of 3 to 20 mm. セルロース系繊維が、αセルロース含量が80%以上のものである請求項1記載の強化繊維成形体。  The reinforced fiber molded article according to claim 1, wherein the cellulosic fiber has an α-cellulose content of 80% or more. セルロース系繊維が、平均直径が0.1〜1000μmで、平均長さが0.1〜1000mmのものである請求項1〜3のいずれか1記載の強化繊維成形体。  The reinforcing fiber molded body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cellulosic fibers have an average diameter of 0.1 to 1000 µm and an average length of 0.1 to 1000 mm. ガラス転移温度が−170〜350℃にある重合体が、(メタ)アクリル−エポキシ共重合体、酢酸ビニル−エチレン共重合体から選ばれるものである請求項1〜4のいずれか1記載の強化繊維成形体。  The reinforcement according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the polymer having a glass transition temperature of -170 to 350 ° C is selected from a (meth) acryl-epoxy copolymer and a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer. Fiber molded body. 下記の形状保持率が50%以上で、かつ崩壊率が50%以下である請求項1〜5のいずれか1記載の強化繊維成形体。
(形状保持率)
常温において、強化繊維成形体をポリエチレンの袋に入れ、高さ1mから計10回自然落下させた後の強化繊維成形体の重量(W2)と、強化繊維成形体の初期重量(W1)を用い、次式:(W2/W1)×100から求める。
(崩壊率)
40〜350℃の温度雰囲気において、2×2×0.2cmのプラスチック板により、鉛直方向から強化繊維成形体の初期重量(WA)の1000倍量の圧力(荷重)を加え、崩壊させたときに残った最大成形体の重量(WB)と初期重量を用い、次式:(WB/WA)×100から求める。
The reinforcing fiber molded body according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the following shape retention rate is 50% or more and the disintegration rate is 50% or less.
(Shape retention)
At room temperature, the reinforcing fiber molded body is placed in a polyethylene bag and allowed to fall naturally 10 times from a height of 1 m (W 2 ) and the initial weight (W 1 ) of the reinforcing fiber molded body. Is calculated from the following formula: (W 2 / W 1 ) × 100.
(Decay rate)
In a temperature atmosphere of 40 to 350 ° C., a pressure (load) 1000 times the initial weight (W A ) of the reinforcing fiber molded body was applied from the vertical direction with a 2 × 2 × 0.2 cm plastic plate to cause collapse. Using the weight (W B ) and the initial weight of the largest molded body remaining at times, the following formula: (W B / W A ) × 100 is used.
請求項1〜6のいずれか1記載の強化繊維成形体の製造法であり、水不溶性繊維と、ガラス転移温度が−170〜350℃にある重合体を含むエマルション又はサスペンションとを混合し、そのまま成形する強化繊維成形体の製造法。  It is a manufacturing method of the reinforced fiber molded object of any one of Claims 1-6, and a water-insoluble fiber and the emulsion or suspension containing the polymer whose glass transition temperature is -170-350 degreeC are mixed, and it is as it is. A method for producing a reinforcing fiber molding to be molded. 合成樹脂100質量部と、請求項1〜7のいずれか1で得られた強化繊維成形体5〜500質量部とを溶融混練してなる樹脂組成物を成形してなる繊維強化樹脂成形体A fiber reinforced resin molded article obtained by molding a resin composition obtained by melt-kneading 100 parts by mass of a synthetic resin and 5 to 500 parts by mass of the reinforced fiber molded article obtained in any one of claims 1 to 7.
JP2001299170A 2001-09-28 2001-09-28 Reinforced fiber molded body Expired - Fee Related JP4781582B2 (en)

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