JP4782099B2 - Scum crusher - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a scum crushing device for crushing scum floating on a water surface in a water conduit (including a sedimentation basin, the same applies hereinafter) before being guided to a scum removing mechanism.

  If the scum floated on the water surface is left in the water conduit, the scum forms a layer, forms a bridge, and does not move to the scum removal mechanism provided on the downstream side along the water flow. Therefore, various scum crushing devices such as a shower method, a pressure water discharge method, and a wave making method have been used in order to facilitate the scum riding on the water flow and flowing in the direction of the scum removing mechanism by crushing the scum. .

In the shower method, pressurized water is supplied from a compressor to a plurality of nozzles provided above a water conduit through a pipe, and water is sprayed from the nozzle groups toward the scum, and the scum is crushed by the kinetic energy of the shower. (Patent Document 1). The pressure water discharge system supplies pressurized water from a water pump to a plurality of nozzles provided in the water in the water trough through a pipe, discharges it from the nozzle group toward the scum, and crushes the scum by the kinetic energy of the water flow. (Patent Document 2). Furthermore, the wave-making method forms waves on the water surface in the water conduit and crushes the scum by the kinetic energy of the waves (Patent Documents 3 and 4).
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-303884 JP 63-51989 JP-A-3-71033 JP-A-11-290847

However, the shower method and the pressure water discharge method require a compressor or water pump, piping and a plurality of nozzles, and also consume a large amount of power to drive the compressor or water pump for pressurizing water. Furthermore, since the effective area of scum crushing is limited to a range where a shower or a pressurized water flow can reach, it cannot be said that the scum crushing efficiency is good, and the scum crushed is often recombined and layered.
In addition, the conventional wave-making method uses a mechanism that makes a wave-making wall swing back and forth in a direction facing the water flow, and a three-dimensional object having a downward inclined surface on the side facing the water flow. There is known one that uses a mechanism that moves up and down with respect to a wave to generate waves. All of these have the advantage that the wave breaking action is relatively wide, but the power machine that rocks the wave-making wall or the power machine that raises and lowers the three-dimensional object always consumes electric power during wave-making. The power consumption is not small.

  This invention is made | formed in view of said point, The subject which it is going to solve is providing the scum crushing apparatus with which the scum crushing efficiency is high and the reduction effect of power consumption is acquired.

In order to solve the above problems, a scum crushing device according to the present invention is supported above a water conduit so as to be rotatable about a horizontal support shaft perpendicular to the water flow direction in the water conduit and open to the upper surface. Water supply means for supplying scum crushing water to the container, and the position of the support shaft is such that, when the container is empty, the center of gravity of the container is the vertical direction passing through the support shaft as a boundary. And when the container is supplied with a predetermined amount of water by the water supply means, the center of gravity of the container and the water flows in the direction of the water flow with a vertical plane passing through the support shaft as a boundary. The container is set so that the container is rotated by moving to the other side of the upstream side and the downstream side, and the water in the container falls on the water surface in the water conduit (Claim 1).
With the above configuration, when the container is empty, the center of gravity of the container exists on one side of the upstream side and the downstream side in the water flow direction with a vertical plane passing through the support shaft as a boundary, so the container is maintained in a horizontal state. When water is supplied to the container and reaches a predetermined amount, for example, when it becomes full, the center of gravity moves to the upstream side of the vertical plane passing through the support shaft and the other side of the downstream side, so the container rotates around the support shaft. Then, the water in the container is dropped at once onto the water surface in the water conduit. For this reason, large waves are continuously generated on the water surface, and the scum is crushed over a wide area. Since the center of gravity returns to the original position, the container emptied due to the fall of water rotates in the opposite direction to become horizontal and is supplied with water again.

Further, the scum crushing device according to the present invention has a support shaft provided horizontally at a right angle to the water flow direction in the water conduit above the water conduit, and a water storage space opened on the upper surface, in the water flow direction. A container that is swingably supported by the support shaft in the vicinity of the upper surface at an intermediate position in the longitudinal direction, and supports the upstream end of the container when the container is empty so that the container is in a horizontal state. A supporting means for maintaining and a water supply means for supplying water for scum crushing to the container, the distance from the support shaft to the upstream end of the upper surface of the container is L1, and the downstream from the support shaft to the upper surface of the container The distance to the side end is L2, the gravity acting on the upstream end of the container is W1, the gravity acting on the downstream end of the container is W2, and the vertical plane passing through the support shaft is the boundary. V1, the volume of the upstream part of the container The volume of Nagaregawa portion and V2, the specific gravity of water d Then, when the container is empty, condition L1 × W1> L2 × W2, L1 <L2
When the water supply amount to the container reaches a predetermined amount, the conditional expression L1 × (W1 + V1 × d) <L2 × (W2 + V2 × d), V1 <V2
The position of the support shaft is set so that the above is satisfied (Claim 2).
With the above configuration, when the container is empty, the container is maintained in a horizontal state by the support means. When the amount of water supplied to the container reaches a predetermined amount, for example, when the water is full, the center of gravity moves from the upstream side to the downstream side of the vertical plane passing through the support shaft, so the container rotates downstream about the support shaft. However, since the water in the container is dropped at once onto the water surface in the water conduit, large waves are continuously generated on the water surface and propagated over a wide area, so that the scum is crushed over a wide area. Since the center of gravity moves to the original position in the opposite direction, the container emptied due to the fall of water rotates upstream, returns to the horizontal state, and is supplied with water again.

It is desirable to add a weight for increasing gravity W1 to the upper end of the upstream side of the water storage space in the container (claim 3).
It is desirable that the support shaft is rotatably supported by frames erected on the upper surfaces of the wall bodies on both sides forming the water conduit, and is fixed to the container.
The container is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, the support shaft is provided in a position parallel to the axis of the container and close to the upstream side from the axis, and a weight projects from the upstream end of the opening surface of the container. Preferably, the frame is provided with a stopper that stops the rotation of the container by hitting the weight when the container returns to the horizontal state.
A crushing member that extends downward from the bottom surface of the container and crushes the scum floating on the water surface in the water conduit as the container rotates may be attached.

According to the present invention, since the scum can be crushed over a wide range by continuous wave formation with a single injection of a large amount of water, the scum crushing efficiency is high. In addition, only a power source is required for the pump for supplying water to the container, and the rotation / return of the container is performed automatically by the movement of the center of gravity due to the supply and discharge of water, and no power is required. An effect of reducing the amount of electric power can be obtained.
According to the invention of claim 2, since the weight different from the container is used, the manufacture of the container is easy, and the center of gravity at the time of full water depending on the mounting position of the support shaft is obtained by using the weight divided into a plurality of parts. Appropriate setting or adjustment of the movement timing can be easily performed.
According to the invention of claim 3, it is possible to easily support the container and the support shaft supporting the large weight of water contained in the container through the bearing.
According to the invention of claim 4, the attachment of the weight and the attachment of the stopper mechanism can be simplified.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an opening portion of a water conduit fitted with a scum crusher according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line YY of FIG.

  Of the walls 1L, 1R and 1F, 1B that form the rectangular opening O formed above the water conduit P, the left and right walls 1L that exist in a direction perpendicular to the water flow direction in the water conduit P , 1R, frame members 21 and 22 made of H-shaped steel or the like are placed and fixed, and the frame members 21 and 22 are connected to the water flow in the water conduit P at both longitudinal ends thereof. At each end of the frame members 23 and 24 made of H-shaped steel similar to the frame members 21 and 22 mounted and fixed on the upper surfaces of the front and rear wall bodies 1F and 1B existing before and after the direction A rectangular frame 2 similar to the opening O is fixed by welding or the like.

  And the support leg 3 which stands upwards is provided on the upper surface of the position slightly closer to the upstream side than the middle position in the longitudinal direction of the left and right frame members 21 and 22. Each of the support legs 3 is not limited in order to ensure the required strength, but I-shaped steel material 31 having a corresponding width or three steel materials 31, 32, 32 combined in a mountain shape or a triangular shape, etc. It is desirable to use it.

  And the bearing 33 is provided in the upper end part of each support leg 3, and the one support shaft extended in the direction orthogonal to the water flow direction above the opening part O of the water conduit P to the bearing 33 of both right and left sides. Both ends of 4 are rotatably supported through bearings not shown.

  A container 5 is fixed to the support shaft 4. The container 5 has vertical side walls 51 and 52 that shield both the left and right side surfaces, and a peripheral wall 53 that shields the periphery in the front and rear direction and the lower side continuously except for the upper sides of the both side walls. A water accommodation space 54 opening upward is formed between the walls.

  Although the cross-sectional shape of the peripheral wall 53 is not particularly limited, in the preferred embodiment, the entire container is formed in a bottomed semi-cylindrical shape as a semicircular cross-section as illustrated. Further, the support shaft 4 is located on both side walls of the container 5 at a position closer to the upstream side by a predetermined distance to be described later than an intermediate position in the front-rear direction (water flow direction) in the vicinity of the opening surfaces of the side walls 51 and 52 of the container 5. 51 and 52 are penetrated.

  A weight 6 is provided at the upper end on the upstream side of the container 5 so as to protrude outside the water accommodation space. The weight 6 is added so that the weight on the upstream side from the vertical plane is larger than the weight on the downstream side from the vertical plane with the vertical plane passing through the center of the support shaft 4 as a boundary when the container 5 is empty. Has been. By using a weight as a separate member from the container 5, it is possible to manufacture the container with a plate material having the same thickness. Further, by configuring the weight 6 with a plurality of iron plates, the weight on the upstream side of the container can be easily adjusted.

With such a configuration, the distance from the support shaft 4 to the upstream end of the upper surface of the container 5 is L1, the distance from the support shaft 4 to the downstream end of the upper surface of the container 5 is L2, and the upstream side of the container 5 Gravity acting on the end is W1, gravity acting on the downstream end of the container 5 is W2, and the volume of the upstream portion of the container 4 is V1, downstream of the container 5 with a vertical plane passing through the support shaft 4 as a boundary. When the volume of the part is V2 and the specific gravity of water is d, when the container 5 is empty, the conditional expression L1 × W1> L2 × W2, L1 <L2
Is satisfied and the container 5 is full of water, the conditional expression L1 × (W1 + V1 × d) <L2 × (W2 + V2 × d), V1 <V2
The position of the shaft 4 is set so that

  As described above, when the weight on the upstream side of the vertical surface passing through the support shaft 4 of the container 5 in the empty state is larger than the weight on the downstream side, the center of gravity of the container 5 is greater than the vertical surface passing through the support shaft 4. Also, the rotational force acts on the container 5 so that the container is lowered around the support shaft 4 on the upstream side. Therefore, a stopper 7 corresponding to a support means standing near the upstream end of the left and right frame members 21 and 22 is provided, and the empty container 5 has an opening surface as shown by a solid line in FIG. When in a horizontal state, the weight 6 is configured to come into contact with the upper end of the stopper 7 and stop.

  A water supply pipe 8 for supplying scum crushing water to the water storage space of the container is provided above the container 5. A portion of the water in the water conduit is supplied to the water supply pipe 8 as scum crushing water from a pump (not shown) from a predetermined time before the arrival time of the scum removal cycle.

  When the amount of water supplied from the water supply pipe 8 to the water accommodating space 54 of the container 5 reaches a predetermined amount, the volume V2 on the downstream side is larger than the volume V1 on the upstream side with the vertical plane passing through the support shaft 4 as a boundary. The center of gravity of the container and water moves downstream from the vertical plane passing through the support shaft 4. As a result, a clockwise rotational force in FIG. 2 acts on the container 5 around the support shaft 4, so that the container 5 rotates so that the downstream side of the container is lowered as shown by a chain line in FIG. Threateningly, the water in the container falls into the water conduit P all at once.

  As shown by a chain line in FIG. 2, the angle of the downstream end of the peripheral wall 52 of the container is set so that the water can easily fall from the container 5 when the container containing water rotates to the maximum angle. It is desirable to form the spout 55 by spreading outward.

  When the water in the container falls into the water conduit at once, a large wave is generated on the water surface WL of the water conduit and propagates over a wide range, so that the layered scum S existing on the water surface WL is efficiently crushed. . Since there is always a water flow in the water conduit, the smashed scum rides on the water flow and flows toward a scum removing mechanism (not shown) on the downstream side.

  The scum crusher is installed for each opening provided in the water conduit P at intervals in the water flow direction. Therefore, the crushed scum reaches the most downstream scum removing mechanism and is removed while being crushed by the downstream scum crushing device before rejoining.

  As described above, the container 5 having a semicircular cross section is supported by the support shaft 4 so as to be rotatable at a position close to the upstream side from the central axis thereof, and does not require a power machine such as a motor. When the water for scum crushing is supplied to the container 5 through the container 5, the container automatically rotates due to the movement of the center of gravity as the amount of stored water approaches a predetermined amount, and water falls from the container onto the water surface and crushes the scum. Therefore, power consumption can be minimized. Moreover, water can be dropped from the entire width of the container at once, and wave energy can be propagated over a wide range, so that high scum crushing efficiency can be obtained.

  In the above-described preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the container is semicircular, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be trapezoidal or rectangular. Moreover, the position where water is dropped from the container is not limited to the downstream side, and may be the upstream side.

  FIG. 4 is a side view showing another embodiment of the present invention. In this scum crushing apparatus, a crushing member 9 extending below the container is attached to the bottom surface of the container 5. The crushing member 9 may be a single plate that is long in the direction of the rotation axis of the container. However, in order to reduce rotational resistance, it is desirable to attach a plurality of rods or plates in the direction of the rotation axis of the container at intervals. . The crushing member 9 waits above the water surface WL when the container 5 is in a horizontal state, and has a length that crosses the water surface WL when the container drops water.

  Thus, when the container 5 rotates around the support shaft 4 due to water supply and dropping, the scum that crosses the water surface from the position above the water surface shown by the solid line in FIG. 4 and floats on the water surface at that time is removed. Can be crushed. Thereby, the scum crusher of this invention can perform scum crushing more efficiently.

The top view of the opening part of the water conduit which attached the scum crusher which concerns on this invention. XX sectional drawing of FIG. The YY sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The side view which shows other embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

P water guide O opening 1L, 1R left and right wall 1F, 1B front and rear wall 2 frame 3 support leg 4 support shaft 5 container 6 weight 7 support means (stopper)
8 Water supply pipe 9 Crushing member

Claims (6)

  Provided above the water conduit is a container that is supported rotatably around a horizontal support shaft perpendicular to the water flow direction in the water conduit, and has an opening on the upper surface, and water supply means for supplying water for scum crushing to the container When the container is empty, the center of gravity of the container exists on one side of the upstream and downstream sides in the water flow direction with a vertical plane passing through the support shaft as a boundary. When the water supply means supplies water to a predetermined amount, the center of gravity of the container and water moves to the upstream side in the water flow direction and the other side downstream from the vertical plane passing through the support shaft, and the container is The scum crusher is set so that it is rotated so that the water in the container falls on the water surface in the water conduit. The upper surface of the intermediate position in the longitudinal direction along the water flow direction has a support shaft provided horizontally at a right angle to the water flow direction in the water conveyance shaft and a water storage space opened on the upper surface. A container that is swingably supported by the support shaft in the vicinity, a support means for supporting the upstream end of the container when the container is empty and maintaining the container in a horizontal state, and a scum on the container Water supply means for supplying crushing water, the distance from the support shaft to the upstream end of the upper surface of the container is L1, the distance from the support shaft to the downstream end of the upper surface of the container is L2, Gravity acting on the upstream end of the container is W1, gravity acting on the downstream end of the container is W2, and the volume of the upstream portion of the container is V1, with a vertical plane passing through the support shaft as a boundary. The volume of the downstream part of the container is V2, and the specific gravity of water d Then, when the container is empty, condition L1 × W1> L2 × W2, L1 <L2
When the water supply amount to the container reaches a predetermined amount, the conditional expression L1 × (W1 + V1 × d) <L2 × (W2 + V2 × d), V1 <V2
The scum crusher is characterized in that the position of the support shaft is set so that   The scum crusher according to claim 2, wherein a weight for increasing gravity is added to the upper end of the upstream side of the water storage space in the container.   The scum crusher according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the support shaft is rotatably supported by frames laid on the upper surfaces of the wall bodies on both sides forming the water conduit, and is fixed to the container.   The container is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, the support shaft is provided in a position parallel to the axis of the container and close to the upstream side from the axis, and a weight projects from the upstream end of the opening surface of the container, The scum crusher according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the frame is provided with a stopper for stopping the rotation of the container by hitting the weight when the container returns to the horizontal state.   6. A crushing member that extends downward from the bottom surface of the container and crushes the scum floating on the water surface in the water conduit as the container rotates is attached. The scum crushing device described.

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