JP4784769B2 - Turbocharger with variable nozzle mechanism and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a turbocharger used in an internal combustion engine having a variable nozzle mechanism for adjusting a flow passage area of a fluid passage and a method for manufacturing the same.

  The turbocharger disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a compressor portion 16 having a compressor impeller 18 on one end side of a common shaft 20 and a turbine portion 12 having a turbine impeller 14 on the other end side. . A plurality of U-shaped borings 46 are formed on the inlet housing 24 side at the contact portion between the inlet housing 24 and the outlet housing 28 of the turbine portion 12. The guide vane 34 has a wing-like portion 36, a shaft portion 38, an arm portion 40, and a pin portion 42, and is configured as an integral structure by precision casting or the like. With the shaft portion 38 of the guide vane 34 fully accommodated in the U-shaped groove of the bore 46, the outer peripheral surface of the outlet housing 28 is fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the inlet housing 24 and fixed by welding or the like. The

  Accordingly, the guide vane 34 is disposed between the inlet housing 24 and the outlet housing 28 in a state where the wing-shaped portion 36 is disposed in the exhaust gas passage that opens toward the turbine impeller 14 and the arm portion 40 is disposed in the space 47. Is supported rotatably. Further, the guide vane 34 is rotated by the actuator ring 50 through the pin portion 42 to rotate the airfoil portion 36 so that the flow passage area of the exhaust gas passage is changed and the amount of exhaust gas supplied to the turbine impeller 14 is adjusted. be able to. Note that Patent Document 1 describes that the semi-circular grooves may be formed in the inlet housing 24 and the outlet housing 28 instead of the U-shaped groove described above.

  The configuration of the turbocharger displacement adjustment mechanism 1 disclosed in Patent Document 2 is substantially the same as the configuration of the turbocharger disclosed in Patent Document 1. That is, the movable vane vane operation link 3 is composed of an integrally formed rod-shaped portion 3a, a blade portion 3A provided on one end side of the rod-shaped portion 3a, a connecting portion 3b provided on the other end side, and a protruding portion 3c. A plurality of U-shaped recesses 2c are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the substrate 2B. Accordingly, the opening side of the recess 2c is closed by press-fitting the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle base 2A into the inner peripheral surface of the mount base 2B in a state where the rod-like portion 3a is completely fitted in the recess 2c, and the movable blade vane is closed. The operating link 3 is rotatably supported.

  According to the structures of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the wing-shaped portion 36, the shaft portion 38, the arm portion 40, and the pin portion 42 are integrally molded, or the rod-shaped portion 3a, the wing portion 3A, the coupling portion 3b, and the protruding portion 3c. Can be assembled after forming the guide vane 34 and the variable vane vane operation link 3 by integrally molding the same, and therefore, there is an advantage that the assembly is easy.

  However, in the structures of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, since the integrally formed vane member is supported by a plurality of divided turbine housings, the relatively large member of the turbine housing is divided into a plurality of members. Must be manufactured. Therefore, laborious work such as preparing a plurality of molds is required.

On the other hand, the turbocharger disclosed in Patent Document 3 includes a pin 21 penetrating the nozzle ring 43, an arm 44 fitted to one end of the pin 21, and a vane 42 connected to the other end. , The pin 21 is also rotated, and the vane 42 connected to the pin 21 can be rotated. According to the structure of Patent Document 3, since the vane member is supported by the nozzle ring 43, there is no need to manufacture the turbine housing by dividing it into a plurality of members as in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-162729 JP-A-2001-73787 JP 2006-177318 A

  However, in the turbocharger disclosed in Patent Document 3, when the arm 44, the pin 21 and the vane are integrally formed and then assembled to the nozzle ring 43, the vane 42 and the arm 44 are in the way, and the assembly is not possible. Is possible.

  The objective of this invention exists in provision of the turbocharger provided with the variable nozzle mechanism which can mount | wear with a nozzle ring with the variable nozzle vane integrally molded, and its manufacturing method.

The invention according to claim 1 is a mechanism for rotating a turbine wheel disposed in a turbine housing by a fluid such as exhaust gas and compressing a fluid such as intake air by a compressor wheel disposed in the compressor housing, and the turbine In a turbocharger having a variable nozzle mechanism for controlling a flow passage area of a fluid passage such as an exhaust gas supply passage to a wheel or a fluid discharge passage from the compressor wheel, the variable nozzle mechanism is disposed in the fluid passage. A vane to be arranged, a vane shaft for holding the vane on one end side, a variable nozzle vane having at least the vane shaft, a nozzle ring comprising a large-diameter outer ring and a small-diameter inner ring for rotatably supporting the vane shaft; And a drive unit that rotationally drives the vane shaft The nozzle ring has a plurality of through holes penetrating in the thickness direction of the nozzle ring and supporting the vane shaft directly or indirectly, and the through holes are formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring. A groove formed in at least one of the surface and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and penetrating in the thickness direction, and when the vane is rotated, the entire vane is more outward than the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring. The center of the vane shaft is located with respect to the central portion in the width direction of the vane so as to be positioned on the outer peripheral surface side of the ring or on the inner peripheral surface side of the inner ring with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring. The vane and the vane shaft are integrally formed in an arrangement displaced in the width direction of the vane.
In addition, the width direction center part of a vane refers to the intermediate point of the line segment which crosses two sides extended in the longitudinal direction of a vane, and becomes the same angle with respect to the said 2 sides. Moreover, the width direction of a vane refers to the direction which connects the surfaces where a fluid flows.

  According to this invention of Claim 1, the variable nozzle vane integrally molded can be mounted | worn with a nozzle ring.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the through hole formed in the nozzle ring is formed by a semicircular groove formed on each of an inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and an outer peripheral surface of the inner ring, and the semicircular Since the vane shaft is directly supported by the groove, the gap between the vane shaft and the semicircular groove can be made as small as possible, and carbon in the exhaust gas enters the gap. It becomes difficult.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the center of the vane shaft connects the farthest part farthest in the longitudinal direction of the vane from the aerodynamic center of the vane and the aerodynamic center of the vane, respectively. On the elliptical line segment, 80% of the length of each line segment is arranged in the width direction of the vane in a range between two positions away from the aerodynamic center to the respective farthest part side. Therefore, the integrally formed variable nozzle vane can be attached to the nozzle ring.

  The present invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the fluid passage is a fluid supply passage to the turbine wheel, and the fluid is exhaust gas. Therefore, the amount of exhaust gas supplied to the turbine wheel is adjusted. It can be done well.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mechanism for rotating a turbine wheel disposed in a turbine housing by a fluid such as exhaust gas and compressing a fluid such as intake air by the compressor wheel disposed in the compressor housing, and the turbine In a turbocharger having a variable nozzle mechanism for controlling a flow passage area of a fluid passage such as an exhaust gas supply passage to a wheel or a fluid discharge passage from the compressor wheel, the variable nozzle mechanism is disposed in the fluid passage. A vane to be arranged, a vane shaft for holding the vane on one end side, a variable nozzle vane having at least the vane shaft, a nozzle ring comprising a large-diameter outer ring and a small-diameter inner ring for rotatably supporting the vane shaft; And a drive unit that rotationally drives the vane shaft The nozzle ring has a plurality of through holes penetrating in the thickness direction of the nozzle ring and supporting the vane shaft directly or indirectly, and the through holes are formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring. A groove formed in at least one of the surface and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and penetrating in the thickness direction, and when the vane is rotated, the entire vane is more outward than the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring. The center of the vane shaft is located with respect to the central portion in the width direction of the vane so as to be positioned on the outer peripheral surface side of the ring or on the inner peripheral surface side of the inner ring with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring. The vane and the vane shaft are integrally molded in an arrangement displaced in the width direction of the vane, and the variable vane vane in which the vane and the vane shaft are integrally molded is formed. The vane shaft is positioned on the outer peripheral surface side of the outer ring with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the ring or on the inner peripheral surface side of the inner ring with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring. The nozzle ring is fitted in and fixed to one of the grooves of the inner ring, the other is then inserted from the vane side, and the vane shaft is fitted into a through hole formed in the nozzle ring. And the variable nozzle vane is mounted in the fluid passage.

  According to this invention of Claim 5, the variable nozzle vane integrally molded can be mounted | worn with a nozzle ring.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the through hole formed in the nozzle ring includes a semicircular groove formed on each of an inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and an outer peripheral surface of the inner ring, and the semicircle Since the vane shaft is directly supported by the groove, the gap between the vane shaft and the semicircular groove can be made as small as possible, and carbon in the exhaust gas enters the gap. It becomes difficult.

  According to the present invention of claim 7, the center of the vane shaft connects the farthest part farthest in the longitudinal direction of the vane from the aerodynamic center of the vane and the aerodynamic center of the vane, respectively. On the elliptical line segment, 80% of the length of each line segment is arranged in the width direction of the vane in a range between two positions away from the aerodynamic center to the respective farthest part side. Therefore, the variable nozzle vane that is integrally coupled can be attached to the nozzle ring.

  The present invention according to claim 8, wherein when the vane is rotated, the vane is positioned so that the entire vane may be located closer to the outer peripheral surface side of the outer ring than the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring. The vane and the vane shaft are integrally formed in an arrangement displaced with respect to the center of the vane shaft, and after the vane shaft is aligned with the semicircular groove of the outer ring, the semicircle of the inner ring is aligned with the vane shaft. The variable nozzle unit is formed by fitting and fitting the groove from the vane side, and fixing the inner ring to the outer ring. The inner ring can be easily held by the presence of the space, and insertion and fitting operations of the inner ring with respect to the outer ring are easy.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a turbocharger including a variable nozzle mechanism capable of mounting an integrally molded variable nozzle vane on a nozzle ring.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 and 9 to 10.
The turbocharger shown in FIG. 1 includes a turbine housing 1, a compressor housing 2, and a bearing housing 3 that connects both housings 1 and 2.

  A turbine wheel 5 having a plurality of blades 4 is rotatably disposed in the turbine housing 1, and a shaft 6 integral with the turbine wheel 5 is rotatably supported by the bearing housing 3 via a bearing 7. A scroll passage 8 extending in a spiral shape is formed around the turbine wheel 5, and an annular exhaust gas supply passage 9 is opened at a position facing the blade 4. Since the scroll passage 8 communicates with an exhaust passage for exhaust gas discharged from a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine (not shown), the exhaust gas flowing into the scroll passage 8 is blown from the exhaust gas supply passage 9 to the blades 4 and is applied to the turbine wheel. Rotate 5 The exhaust gas blown to the blades 4 is discharged from the exhaust outlet 10 and sent to a catalytic converter (not shown).

  The exhaust gas supply passage 9 is formed by an inner wall 11 of the turbine housing 1 connected to the scroll passage 8 and a side wall of a nozzle ring 12 fixedly mounted in the turbine housing 1 so as to face the inner wall 11. Further, the nozzle ring 12 constitutes a support means for rotatably supporting the variable nozzle vane 13. Specifically, the nozzle ring 12 includes an outer ring 14 and an inner ring 15. As clearly shown in FIG. 4A, the nozzle ring 12 extends on the inner peripheral surface 14 a of the outer ring 14 in the radial direction of the nozzle ring 12. 4 semicircular grooves 16 are formed, and as shown in FIG. 4C, twelve semicircular grooves 17 extending in the radial direction of the nozzle ring 12 are formed on the outer peripheral surface 15 a of the inner ring 15. . Since the semicircular grooves 16 and 17 are radially arranged at the same interval and penetrate through the nozzle ring 12 in the thickness direction, the semicircular grooves 16 and the semicircular grooves 16 and the semicircular grooves 16 and the semicircular grooves 16 are arranged when the inner ring 15 is fitted to the outer ring 14. A through-hole having a circular cross section is formed in opposition to the circular groove 17. The diameters of the semicircular grooves 16 and 17 correspond to the diameters of the vane shafts 18 of the variable nozzle vanes 13 described below, and are set to approximate values within a range that allows smooth rotation of the variable nozzle vanes 13. That is, the gaps between the semicircular grooves 16 and 17 and the vane shaft 18 are set to be as small as possible.

On the other hand, twelve variable nozzle vanes 13 are used corresponding to the number of semicircular grooves 16, 17. As clearly shown in FIG. 4B, the vane shaft 18, the vane 19 provided at one end of the vane shaft 18, and A driven arm 20 provided at the other end of the vane shaft 18 is provided and is configured by integral molding. The vane shaft 18 and the vane 19 are directly connected, and a circular plate or the like is interposed to prevent carbon or the like from entering a gap between the vane shaft 18 and the semicircular grooves 16 and 17 of the nozzle ring 12. Absent. The vane 19 has a width that substantially matches the passage width of the exhaust gas supply passage 9 (see FIG. 1), and the length of each vane 19 when the variable nozzle vane 13 rotates in the direction to close the exhaust gas supply passage 9. It has a length where both ends in the direction overlap (see broken line in FIG. 2). The center of the vane shaft 18 is disposed so as to be displaced in the width direction of the vane with respect to the central portion of the vane 19 in the width direction. The displacement state is the variable nozzle vane 13 when the variable nozzle vane 13 is attached to the nozzle ring 12. And the nozzle ring 12 is set on the premise. That is, when the vane 19 is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the nozzle ring 12 (the vane 19 represented by a broken line in FIG. 2), the entire vane 19 is the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 14. It is set to be positioned on the outer peripheral side of the outer ring 14 with respect to 14a. Further, the displacement direction at that time is such that the vane 19 is on the outer ring 14 side in the radial direction of the nozzle ring 12 as clearly shown in FIG. The width direction of the vane 19 refers to a surface extending in the longitudinal direction in which the fluid of the vane 19 illustrated in FIG. 9 flows, that is, a direction intersecting the side C and the side D. As shown in FIG. 9, the central portion in the width direction of the valve 19 is a line segment that intersects two sides C and D extending in the longitudinal direction of the vane 19 and has the same angles F1 and F2 with respect to the sides C and D. The middle point of E1 (point where G1 = G2 in the line segment E1). Further, the central portion in the width direction of the vane 19 is indicated by a line A in which a number of line segments similar to the line segment E1 are drawn and the midpoints of these line segments are connected. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the line segments connecting the aerodynamic center H of the vane 19 and the farthest portions K and L in both longitudinal directions of the vane 19 are denoted as S and R, respectively. M and P are 80% of the distance I and J from the aerodynamic center H, that is, 4 / 5I and 4 / 5J. The center B of the vane shaft 18 is disposed in the vane width direction within the range of both positions M and P.
The driven arm 20 is formed in a plate shape having one end connected to the vane shaft 18 having a slightly larger diameter than the vane shaft 18 and having a circular driven portion 21 on the other end, and is perpendicular to the axis of the vane shaft 18. It extends in the direction of.

The formation of the variable nozzle unit 22 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (d).
The outer ring 14 shown in FIG. 4 (a) is held horizontally, and the vane 19 of the variable nozzle vane 13 shown in FIG. 4 (b) is located above the outer ring 14 (the front side in FIG. 4A). The vane shaft 18 is fitted into each semicircular groove 16 so as to be positioned. At this time, the vane 19 is directed to a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the outer ring 14 which is a part of the nozzle ring 12, so that the vane 19 can be seen in the vane 19 shown by a broken line in FIG. As described above, the outer ring 14 is disposed on the outer side than the inner peripheral surface 14a. Next, the outer peripheral surface 15a is moved from the vane 19 side to the inner peripheral surface 14a of the outer ring 14 while gripping the center side cavity 15b of the inner ring 15 shown in FIG. 4C and aligning the semicircular groove 17 with the vane shaft 18. Insert into and fit. In the step of inserting the inner ring 15 into the outer ring 14, since the entire vane 19 is located on the outer peripheral side of the outer ring 14 relative to the inner peripheral surface 14a, the insertion operation can be performed without any trouble. When the fitting between the outer ring 14 and the inner ring 15 is completed, the inner peripheral surface 14a and the outer peripheral surface 15a are joined together by welding to form the variable nozzle unit 22 shown in FIG.

  The variable nozzle unit 22 is mounted on the bearing housing 3 so that the driven arm 20 is positioned on the left side of FIG. 1, and is fixed with bolts 24 in bolt holes 23 drilled at three locations (FIGS. 2 and 4A). reference). In this state, the turbine housing 1 is mounted on the bearing housing 3 from the right side in FIG. Accordingly, the vane 19 is disposed in the exhaust gas supply passage 9, and the driven arm 20 is disposed in an annular space 26 formed on the side surface of the bearing housing 3.

  A drive ring 27 is disposed in the annular space 26 and is rotatably supported by a part of the bearing housing 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the drive ring 27 has the same number of U-shaped grooves 28 as the number of variable nozzle vanes 13 on the outer peripheral surface 27a, and the driven portion 21 of the driven arm 20 is fitted. The drive ring 27 is formed with a driven U-shaped groove 29 at an appropriate position between the U-shaped grooves 28, and a drive pin 31 integrated with the link 30 is fitted therein. The link 30 is fixed to one end of a shaft 32 rotatably supported on a part of the side wall of the bearing housing 3. The other end of the shaft 32 protrudes outward from the side wall of the bearing housing 3, and a link 34 connected to the actuator 33 is fixed to the protruding portion. Therefore, when the actuator 33 is actuated appropriately based on the command, the driven arm 20 is rotated via the shaft 32, the link 30, the drive pin 31, and the drive ring 27 by the rotation of the link 34 in one direction or the other direction. It is rotated to an appropriate position between the solid line position and the broken line position shown in FIG. As is well known, the rotation of the vane 19 can change the passage area between the vanes 19 and adjust the supply amount of exhaust gas. The driven arm 20, the drive ring 27, the link 30, the drive pin 31, the shaft 32, and the actuator 33 constitute a drive unit of the variable nozzle mechanism described in the present invention.

  A shaft 6 integral with the turbine wheel 5 protrudes into the compressor housing 2, and a compressor wheel 36 having blades 35 at the tip thereof is fixed by a nut 37. The compressor wheel 36 is rotated by the rotation of the turbine wheel 5, compresses intake air such as air introduced from the intake passage 38 by the blades 35, and sends the compressed air to a fluid discharge passage 39 disposed on the outer peripheral side. The fluid discharge passage 39 communicates with a spiral compressor passage 40 formed in the compressor housing 2, and the fluid further compressed in the compressor passage 40 is sent to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine (not shown).

The operation of the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described below.
4A to 4D, the variable nozzle vane 13 is arranged such that the vane 19 is shifted toward the outer ring 14 with respect to the central axis of the vane shaft 18 when viewed in the radial direction of the nozzle ring 12. It consists of For this reason, the semicircular grooves 16 and 17 can be formed as close as possible to the outer ring 14 and the inner ring 15 with the diameter of the vane shaft 18. That is, when the vane shaft 18 is mounted in the semicircular groove 16 of the outer ring 14, the vane 19 is directed in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the nozzle ring 12, so that the entire vane 19 is positioned more than the inner peripheral surface 14 a of the outer ring 14. Since the inner ring 15 can be positioned on the outer peripheral side of the outer ring 14, the inner ring 15 can be easily fitted to the outer ring 14 without any trouble, and the variable nozzle unit 22 is formed by fixing the outer ring 14 and the inner ring 15. The The variable nozzle unit 22 formed in this way can form a minimum gap necessary for the rotation of the vane shaft 18 between the semicircular grooves 16 and 17 and the vane shaft 18.

  Therefore, in the turbocharger equipped with the variable nozzle unit 22, the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas supply passage 9 is less likely to enter the gap between the vane shaft 18 and the semicircular grooves 16, 17. Therefore, it is possible to maintain accurate exhaust gas flow rate adjustment by rotating the vane 19.

  The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the spirit of the present invention, and can be implemented as follows.

(1) The displacement direction of the vane 19 attached to the vane shaft 18 may be on the inner ring 15 side as long as the nozzle ring 12 is in the radial direction. In this case, when the vane 19 is rotated, The vane 19 needs to be attached to the vane shaft 18 so that the entire vane 19 may be located on the inner peripheral side of the inner ring 15 relative to the outer peripheral surface 15a of the inner ring 15. The formation order of the variable nozzle unit 22 in this case is as follows. First, the inner ring 15 is arranged horizontally. Next, the vane shaft 18 is mounted in the semicircular groove 17 of the inner ring 15 so that the vane 19 of the variable nozzle vane 13 is positioned above the inner ring 15. At this time, the vane 19 is directed in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the nozzle ring 12. Next, the outer ring 14 is gripped, and the semicircular groove 16 is fitted to the inner ring 15 from the vane 19 side with the vane shaft 18 and fitted. Then, the variable nozzle unit 22 is formed by fixing the outer ring 14 and the inner ring 15 by welding or the like. Even with such a configuration, the same effects as the above-described embodiment can be obtained.
(2) The drive unit of the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the above embodiment, and can be configured in various forms, for example, a link connected to the actuator 33 is directly connected to the drive ring 27 and driven.
(3) In the above embodiment, the variable nozzle unit 22 is implemented in the exhaust gas supply passage 9 of the turbine housing 1. However, the variable nozzle unit 22 can be implemented in the fluid discharge passage 39 of the compressor housing 2. is there. In this case, the fluid compressed by the blades 35 of the compressor wheel 36 can be prevented from leaking from the gap around the vane shaft 18.
(4) In the above embodiment, when the vane is perpendicular to the radial direction of the nozzle ring, the entire vane is positioned on the outer peripheral side of the outer nozzle ring relative to the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, or the outer periphery of the inner ring. Although it is located on the inner peripheral side of the inner ring with respect to the surface, it does not have to be a right angle, and may be a time when the angle is slightly smaller or larger than the right angle.
(5) In the above-described embodiment, the driven arm 20 of the variable nozzle vane 13 is moved by the drive ring 27 to rotate the vane 19 integrally formed with the vane shaft 18 with respect to the driven arm 20. The structure for rotating is not limited to that structure. For example, the variable nozzle vane is formed by integrally molding only the vane shaft and the vane, and gear teeth that can be fitted to each other are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the vane shaft and the outer peripheral surface of the drive ring, and the drive ring is rotated. Thus, the vane may be rotated together with the vane shaft.
(6) Although the said embodiment formed the through-hole which has a circular cross section by forming the semicircular grooves 16 and 17 in both the outer ring 14 and the inner ring 15, for example, it shows to Fig.5 (a). As shown in FIG. 5B, a U-shaped groove 42 is formed in the outer ring 41, and a protrusion 45 having a semicircular groove 44 is formed in the inner ring 43. As shown in FIG. 5C, a through hole 46 having a circular cross section may be formed. In this case, the protrusion 45 formed on the inner ring 43 may be omitted. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the vane shaft 18 is inserted into a through-hole 48 having a circular cross section formed in a plain bearing 47 whose outer shape is a rectangular column, and the slide bearing 47 is formed in an outer ring 49. The groove 50 having a square cross section and the groove 52 having a square cross section formed on the inner ring 51 may be fitted.
(7) In the above-described embodiment, the vane 19 and the vane shaft 18 are integrally molded with the vane 19 being displaced from the center of the vane shaft 18; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, in the structure shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the vane 53 and the vane shaft 54 are integrally molded so that the center of the vane shaft 54 is shifted to the radially outer side of the nozzle ring with respect to the central portion A of the vane 53 in the width direction. May be. By doing so, the inner ring 51 and the outer ring 49 can be fitted.
(8) As shown in FIG. 8A, a protrusion 56 protruding inward from the lower end portion of the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 55 is formed over the entire periphery, and at the lower end portion of the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 57. A groove 58 having a shape corresponding to the protrusion 56 is formed over the entire collection, and the inner ring 57 is fitted from the upper side of the outer ring 55 to be assembled as shown in FIG. Good. By adopting such a structure, it is possible to prevent the inner ring 57 from falling off the outer ring 55. Conversely, the protrusion may be formed so as to protrude from the lower end portion of the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring to the outer peripheral side, and the groove may be formed at the lower end portion of the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring.

It is sectional drawing which shows the general appearance of a turbocharger. It is the side view of the nozzle ring seen in the A arrow direction of FIG. It is the side view of the nozzle ring seen in the B arrow direction of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of variable nozzle unit formation, (a) is a side view which shows an outer ring. (B) is a perspective view which shows a variable nozzle vane. (C) is a side view showing an inner ring. (D) is a partial sectional view showing a part of the formed variable nozzle unit. It is explanatory drawing of the modification regarding a nozzle ring, (a) is a side view which shows an outer side ring. (B) is a side view showing an inner ring. (C) is a side view which shows the state which assembled | attached the outer side ring and the inner side ring. It is explanatory drawing of the other modification regarding a nozzle ring. It is explanatory drawing of the modification regarding a variable nozzle unit. It is explanatory drawing of the further another modification regarding a nozzle ring, (a) is sectional drawing which shows the state before the assembly | attachment of an outer ring and an inner ring. (B) is sectional drawing which shows the state after the assembly | attachment of an outer side ring and an inner side ring. It is explanatory drawing explaining the arrangement | positioning relationship between a vane and a vane axis | shaft. It is explanatory drawing explaining the arrangement | positioning relationship between a vane and a vane axis | shaft.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Turbine housing 2 Compressor housing 3 Bearing housing 5 Turbine wheel 9 Exhaust gas supply path 12 Nozzle ring 13 Variable nozzle vanes 14, 41, 55 Outer ring 15, 43, 57 Inner ring 16, 17 Semicircular groove 18, 54 Vane shaft 19, 53 Vane 20 Driven arm 22 Variable nozzle unit 27 Drive ring 29 Driven U-shaped groove 33 Actuator 36 Compressor wheel 39 Fluid discharge passage A Center of vane in width direction H Aerodynamic centers K and L of vane farthest

Claims (8)

A mechanism for rotating a turbine wheel disposed in a turbine housing by a fluid such as exhaust gas and compressing a fluid such as intake air by a compressor wheel disposed in the compressor housing, and an exhaust gas supply passage to the turbine wheel or the compressor In a turbocharger equipped with a variable nozzle mechanism for controlling the flow area of a fluid passage such as a fluid discharge passage from a wheel,
The variable nozzle mechanism includes a vane disposed in the fluid passage, a vane shaft that holds the vane on one end side, a variable nozzle vane having at least the vane shaft, and a large-diameter outer side that rotatably supports the vane shaft. A nozzle ring including a ring and a small-diameter inner ring, and a drive unit that rotationally drives the vane shaft;
The nozzle ring is formed with a plurality of through holes penetrating in the thickness direction of the nozzle ring and supporting the vane shaft directly or indirectly,
The through hole includes a groove formed in at least one of an inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and an outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and penetrating in the thickness direction. When the vane is rotated, the entire vane The vane shaft may be positioned closer to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring than the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, or closer to the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring than the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring. A turbocharger provided with a variable nozzle mechanism, characterized in that the vane and the vane shaft are integrally formed with an arrangement in which the center is displaced in the width direction of the vane with respect to the central portion in the width direction of the vane.   The through hole formed in the nozzle ring is formed of a semicircular groove formed on each of the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring, and directly supports the vane shaft by the semicircular groove. A turbocharger comprising the variable nozzle mechanism according to claim 1.   The center of the vane axis is the line segment on the line segment connecting the farthest part farthest away from the aerodynamic center of the vane in both longitudinal directions of the vane and the aerodynamic center of the vane. The distance of 80% of the length is arranged in the width direction of the vane in a range between two positions separated from the aerodynamic center to the respective farthest side. A turbocharger comprising the variable nozzle mechanism described in 2.   The turbocharger with a variable nozzle mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fluid passage is a fluid supply passage to the turbine wheel, and the fluid is exhaust gas. . A mechanism for rotating a turbine wheel disposed in a turbine housing by a fluid such as exhaust gas and compressing a fluid such as intake air by a compressor wheel disposed in the compressor housing, and an exhaust gas supply passage to the turbine wheel or the compressor In a turbocharger equipped with a variable nozzle mechanism for controlling the flow area of a fluid passage such as a fluid discharge passage from a wheel,
The variable nozzle mechanism includes a vane disposed in the fluid passage, a vane shaft that holds the vane on one end side, a variable nozzle vane having at least the vane shaft, and a large-diameter outer side that rotatably supports the vane shaft. A nozzle ring including a ring and a small-diameter inner ring, and a drive unit that rotationally drives the vane shaft;
The nozzle ring is formed with a plurality of through holes penetrating in the thickness direction of the nozzle ring and supporting the vane shaft directly or indirectly,
The through hole includes a groove penetrating in the thickness direction formed in at least one of the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring,
When the vane is rotated, the entire vane is positioned on the outer peripheral surface side of the outer ring from the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, or closer to the inner peripheral surface side of the inner ring than the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring. The vane and the vane shaft are integrally formed in an arrangement in which the center of the vane shaft is displaced in the width direction of the vane with respect to the central portion in the width direction of the vane so as to be positioned,
The variable nozzle vane in which the vane and the vane shaft are integrally formed, the entire vane is located on the outer peripheral surface side of the outer ring with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, or the inner side with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring. A through hole formed in the nozzle ring by aligning the vane shaft with one of the grooves of the outer ring and the inner ring and then inserting the other from the vane side while being positioned on the inner peripheral surface side of the ring And fitting and fixing both the vane shafts so that
A method of manufacturing a turbocharger having a variable nozzle mechanism, wherein the nozzle ring and the variable nozzle vane are attached to the fluid passage.   The through hole formed in the nozzle ring is formed of a semicircular groove formed on each of the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring, and directly supports the vane shaft by the semicircular groove. The manufacturing method of the turbocharger provided with the variable-nozzle mechanism of Claim 5 characterized by these.   The center of the vane axis is the line segment on the line segment connecting the farthest part farthest away from the aerodynamic center of the vane in both longitudinal directions of the vane and the aerodynamic center of the vane. The distance of 80% of the length is arranged in the width direction of the vane in a range between two positions away from the aerodynamic center to the respective farthest side. The manufacturing method of the turbocharger provided with the variable nozzle mechanism of Claim 6. When the vane is rotated, the vane is displaced with respect to the center of the vane shaft so that the entire vane may be located closer to the outer peripheral surface side of the outer ring than the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring. In the arrangement, the vane and the vane shaft are integrally molded,
After the vane shaft is aligned with the semicircular groove of the outer ring, the semicircular groove of the inner ring is aligned with the vane shaft and inserted from the vane side, and the inner ring is fixed to the outer ring. The method of manufacturing a turbocharger having a variable nozzle mechanism according to claim 7, wherein the variable nozzle unit is formed.

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