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JP4788044B2 - Method for producing high purity quaternary ammonium carboxylate - Google Patents
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JP4788044B2 - Method for producing high purity quaternary ammonium carboxylate - Google Patents

Method for producing high purity quaternary ammonium carboxylate Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4788044B2
JP4788044B2 JP2001029112A JP2001029112A JP4788044B2 JP 4788044 B2 JP4788044 B2 JP 4788044B2 JP 2001029112 A JP2001029112 A JP 2001029112A JP 2001029112 A JP2001029112 A JP 2001029112A JP 4788044 B2 JP4788044 B2 JP 4788044B2
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Prior art keywords
quaternary ammonium
amide compound
ammonium carboxylate
carboxylic acid
acid ester
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JP2001029112A
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JP2002226438A (en
Inventor
恵一 岩田
邦明 宗安
健一 中村
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Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Inc
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Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Inc
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩の製造方法に関し、詳しくは不純物としてアミド化合物を含まない高純度四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩は界面活性剤や医薬品、化粧品などの原料として使用されている。また、四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩を原料として製造される四級アンモニウム水酸化物は、金属を含まない強アルカリ物質としてLSIデバイスの製造における現像液、或いは洗浄液として利用されている。
【0003】
四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩を製造する方法としては、四級アンモニウム水酸化物とカルボン酸を反応させる方法などがあるが、工程が煩雑である、高コストであるなどの理由で実用的な方法ではない。工業的に実用的な方法としては、極性溶媒中で少量の水を添加して三級アミンとカルボン酸エステルを反応させる方法(特開平6−329603号公報)などが挙げられる。四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩から水酸化物を製造する場合などは、四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩は水溶液として利用される場合が多く、この場合、四級化工程後に蒸留操作などにより脱溶媒/水置換して水溶液として提供される。
【0004】
三級アミンとカルボン酸エステルを反応させる方法では、原料三級アミン中に微量含まれる一級アミンや二級アミンとカルボン酸エステルが反応してアミド化合物が生成する。アミド化合物を含む四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩を原料として界面活性剤や化粧品を製造した場合、副反応が生じ不純物が発生したり、アミド化合物が製品中に不純物として含まれ品質低下を引き起こす。このようなアミド化合物を含む四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩を中間体として電解により四級アンモニウム水酸化物を製造する場合にも同様な品質低下を引き起こす。問題となるアミド化合物は化学的に比較的安定であり、沸点も高いため、四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩水溶液の製造工程中における蒸留操作などでも効率的に除去することが困難であった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は上記の種々の問題点を解決し、高純度で安価な四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩を製造する方法を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは上記の課題を解決するために鋭意検討を重ねた結果、極性溶媒中で三級アミンとカルボン酸エステルを反応させて一般式[R1234N]・R5−COO(R1〜R4は炭素数1〜8のアルキル基を表す。R1〜R4は同一でも異なっても良い。R5は水素又は炭素数1〜6のアルキル基を表す。)で表される四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩を製造する方法において、得られた反応液に有機アルカリ及び水を添加した後、加熱処理を行うことで、不純物として含有されるアミド化合物を分解除去出来ることを見いだし、本発明に至った。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について詳述する。
【0008】
本発明におけるアミド化合物分解処理は四級化工程後の反応液に有機アルカリ及び水を添加して加熱処理が行われる。本発明において用いられる有機アルカリは、加熱処理において塩基として作用することによりアミド化合物をアミンとカルボン酸に加水分解するものである。使用される有機アルカリには高い塩基性のほかにアミド化合物分解工程で揮発、又は分解しにくい化学的性質が要求される。金属系アルカリはアミド化合物の分解には効果があるものの、アミド化合物分解後にアルカリ金属を製品から除去することは難しく、最終的に製品に混入して品質低下を引き起こすため適当でない。
【0009】
本発明で用いられる有機アルカリの例としては、一級、二級、三級アミン類、窒素、酸素、硫黄原子の中から選ばれた少なくとも1種を含む環状塩基、四級アンモニウム水酸化物、四級アンモニウム炭酸塩、四級アンモニウム炭酸水素塩などの四級アンモニウム化合物が挙げられ、これらの化合物は1種以上組み合わせて使用してもかまわない。これらの内、塩基性が高くアミド化合物分解性に優れ、揮発性が少ないなどの理由で、四級アンモニウム水酸化物、四級アンモニウム炭酸塩、四級アンモニウム炭酸水素塩等が好適である。更に、非常に強い塩基性を有する四級アンモニウム水酸化物が特に好適に使用できる。これらの化合物の具体例としては、テトラメチルアンモニウム水酸化物(TMAH)、トリメチルエチルアンモニウム水酸化物、トリエチルメチルアンモニウム水酸化物、テトラエチルアンモニウム水酸化物、テトラプロピルアンモニウム水酸化物、トリメチル(2−ヒドロキシエチル)アンモニウム水酸化物、トリエチル(2−ヒドロキシエチル)アンモニウム水酸化物、トリプロピル(2−ヒドロキシエチル)アンモニウム水酸化物などの水酸化物、及びこれらの炭酸塩、炭酸水素塩が挙げられる。これら化合物は単独でも、2種以上を組み合わせて使用してもかまわない。更に好ましくは、製品の純度に影響が少ないことから、一般式[R1234N](R1〜R4は炭素数1〜8のアルキル基を表す。R1〜R4は同一でも異なっても良い。)で表される、製造される四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩と同一のアンモニウムイオンから構成される四級アンモニウム水酸化物、四級アンモニウム炭酸塩、四級アンモニウム炭酸水素塩から選ばれる1種以上の化合物が特に好ましい。
【0010】
また、低級アミンであっても、揮発性の低いトリブチルアミン、トリプロピルアミンなどのアミン類、モノエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミンなどのアルカノールアミン類、芳香族系のアミン類、ピリジンなどの環状窒素化合物も好適に使用できる。これら化合物は単独でも、2種以上を組み合わせて使用してもかまわない。
【0011】
アミド化合物の分解工程において実用的な効率でアミド化合物を分解処理するための液性はアルカリ性である。pHの適切な値は不純物アミド化合物の含有量、分解処理時間、又はその後の工程での影響を考慮して選択されるが、好ましくはpH8以上、更に好ましくはpH10以上である。
【0012】
使用する有機アルカリは液性を最適なpH値とするために添加され、その添加量は有機アルカリの種類によって適切な量が選択されるが、一般的には四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩に対し0.01〜100重量%、好ましくは0.05〜50重量%、更に好ましくは0.1〜20重量%である。有機アルカリ量が0.01重量%より低いと反応液のpHが8以上とならずにアミド化合物分解速度が遅くなり、100重量%より高いと加熱効率や生産性が著しく低下する点で好ましくない。本発明に示される有機アルカリの中では四級アンモニウム水酸化物が著しい塩基性を有しているため極少量で高いアミド化合物の分解能力を得ることができ特に好ましい。
【0013】
製造する四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩の種類によっては、四級化工程において原料カルボン酸エステルが未反応分として反応液中に残留しアミド化合物分解処理時に加えた有機アルカリと反応しアルカリ分を消費する。十分なアミド化合物分解能力を得るためには有機アルカリを多量に添加しなければならない場合がある。この様な場合には、四級化工程終了後の反応液に直ちに有機アルカリ及び水を添加するのではなく、未反応カルボン酸エステルを反応液中から除去する予備加熱蒸留を行った後に有機アルカリ及び水を添加してアミド分解処理を行っても良い。予備加熱の温度はカルボン酸エステルによって異なるが、一般的に40〜150℃が好ましく、更に好ましくは80〜120℃である。予備加熱の時間は、10〜120分、好ましくは20〜90分である。また、予備加熱において窒素通気を行っても良い。
【0014】
アミド化合物分解工程に添加される水の量は、不純物アミド化合物量や使用される有機アルカリによって適切な量が選ばれるが、一般的に四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩に対し0.5重量%以上、好ましくは1重量%以上、更に好ましくは3重量%以上である。水量が0.5重量%より低いと有機アルカリが塩基として作用する効果が小さくなりアミド化合物分解速度が遅くなるため好ましくない。
【0015】
アミド化合物分解操作における液温は製造する四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩により異なるが40〜150℃が好ましく、更に好ましくは80〜120℃である。液温が40℃より低いとアミド化合物の加水分解が不十分となり、150℃より高くなると製造する四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩の分解が生じたり、装置の保温や材質面でコストが増加するため好ましくない。
【0016】
四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩水溶液を製造する場合においては、アミド化合物分解処理は四級化工程後に行われる溶媒置換工程において実施しても良い。溶媒置換工程は四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩と反応溶媒を含む反応液から反応溶媒を除去し水溶媒に置換して四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩水溶液を得るものである。溶媒置換操作は運転のし易さ、及び経済性の面において連続又は回分式の蒸留操作が好ましい。溶媒置換操作中の液温は反応溶媒の種類、及び製造しようとする四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩により異なるが40〜150℃が好ましく、更に好ましくは80〜120℃である。液温が40℃より低いとアミド化合物の加水分解が不十分となり、150℃より高くなると製造する四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩の分解が生じたり、装置の保温や材質面でコストが増加するため好ましくない。溶媒置換操作圧力は常圧でも減圧下でも良い。
【0017】
本発明により四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩に含まれるアミド化合物を分解除去した場合、その後に得られる液は高アルカリ性となる。液性が高アルカリとなることで次工程において装置材質にダメージを与えるなど悪影響がある場合には、アミド化合物分解工程後の反応液にアルカリを中和する物質を添加して反応液のpHを調整してもよい。この場合添加する物質としては、カルボン酸などの有機酸、四級アンモニウム炭酸水素塩などが使用できる。
【0018】
本発明のアミド化合物の分解除去工程では反応液をアルカリ性として処理を行うため、空気中の炭酸ガスを吸収しない様に雰囲気は窒素など不活性ガスとすることが望ましい。
【0019】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を具体的に説明するために、実施例及び比較例を挙げて説明する。なお、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0020】
実施例1〜5
不純物としてジメチルアミンを700重量ppm含むトリメチルアミン209gとギ酸メチル255g、水6g、及び溶媒(メタノール)565gをオートクレーブに仕込み、反応温度130℃、反応圧力1.1MPaGで8時間、四級化反応を行った。
反応後に230重量ppmの不純物ジメチルホルムアミド(以下DMF)、及び痕跡量のトリメチルアミン、ギ酸メチル、及び6gの水を含む38.9重量%のテトラメチルアンモニウムギ酸塩のメタノール溶液1028gが得られた。
【0021】
得られたテトラメチルアンモニウムギ酸塩のメタノール溶液50gを窒素通気下で70℃、30分間加熱した。その後、表1に示した有機アルカリと水を加え100℃、4時間DMF分解処理を行い、処理後の液中のDMF濃度をガスクロマトグラフ法により測定した。結果を表1に示す。表に示す有機アルカリ及び水の値は仕込んだテトラメチルアンモニウムギ酸塩に対する割合を重量%で示したものである。表1に示す様に有機アルカリと水を添加して加熱処理を行った結果、テトラメチルアンモニウムギ酸塩中のDMFは極めて低い濃度まで除去されることが判った。
【0022】
【表1】

Figure 0004788044
※: 溶液中の4級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩に対する重量%
【0023】
実施例6〜10
不純物としてジエチルアミンを500重量ppm含むトリエチルアミン273gとギ酸メチル211g、水5g、及び溶媒(メタノール)432gをオートクレーブに仕込み、反応温度140℃、反応圧力1.5MPaGで10時間、四級化反応を行った。
反応後に220重量ppmの不純物ジエチルホルムアミド(以下DEF)、及び痕跡量のトリエチルアミン、ギ酸メチル、及び5gの水を含む43.7重量%のトリエチルメチルアンモニウムギ酸塩のメタノール溶液915gが得られた。
【0024】
得られたトリエチルメチルアンモニウムギ酸塩のメタノール溶液50gを窒素通気下で70℃、30分間加熱した。その後、表2に示した有機アルカリと水を加え100℃、4時間DEF分解処理を行った。処理後の液中のDEF濃度を測定した結果を表2に示す。表に示す様に有機アルカリと水を添加して加熱処理を行った結果、トリエチルメチルアンモニウムギ酸塩中のDEFは極めて低い濃度まで除去されることが判った。
【0025】
【表2】
Figure 0004788044
※: 溶液中の4級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩に対する重量%
【0026】
実施例11〜15
実施例1〜6で合成した230重量ppmの不純物DMF、及び痕跡量のトリメチルアミン、ギ酸メチル、水を含む38.1重量%のテトラメチルアンモニウムギ酸塩のメタノール溶液50gを窒素通気下で70℃、30分間加熱した。その後水100gと有機アルカリを加え常圧で100℃、4時間の回分式単蒸留を行い、50重量%のテトラメチルアンモニウムギ酸塩の水溶液を得た。その液中のDMFの濃度を測定した結果を表3に示す。表に示す様に有機アルカリと水を添加して加熱処理を行った結果、テトラメチルアンモニウムギ酸塩水溶液中のDMFは極めて低い濃度まで除去されることが判った。また、実施例11でテトラメチルアンモニウム水酸化物によりDMF分解処理を行った後のテトラメチルアンモニウムギ酸塩水溶液50gに、pH調整のため室温にて50重量%のテトラメチルアンモニウム炭酸水素塩水溶液を10g添加した。テトラメチルアンモニウムギ酸塩を含む水溶液のpHは14から12に低下した。
【0027】
比較例
実施例1〜6で得られたテトラメチルアンモニウムギ酸塩のメタノール溶液50gに、有機アルカリを添加しない以外は実施例11〜15と同様に溶媒置換操作を行い、得られた50重量%のテトラメチルアンモニウムギ酸塩水溶液中のDMF濃度を測定した(表3)。DMFは高濃度で検出され、殆ど分解せず製品中に残留した。
【0028】
【表3】
Figure 0004788044
※: 溶液中の4級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩に対する重量%
【0029】
【発明の効果】
本発明の四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩の製造法によれば、四級化工程で不純物として混入するアミド化合物を効率良く且つ低濃度まで分解除去することができ、高純度な四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩を製造することが可能となる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a quaternary ammonium carboxylate, and more particularly to a method for producing a high purity quaternary ammonium carboxylate containing no amide compound as an impurity.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Quaternary ammonium carboxylates are used as raw materials for surfactants, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and the like. In addition, quaternary ammonium hydroxides produced from quaternary ammonium carboxylates as raw materials are used as developers or cleaning solutions in the production of LSI devices as strong alkaline substances that do not contain metals.
[0003]
As a method of producing a quaternary ammonium carboxylate, there is a method of reacting a quaternary ammonium hydroxide and a carboxylic acid. However, in a practical method because the process is complicated and the cost is high. Absent. Examples of industrially practical methods include a method of reacting a tertiary amine and a carboxylic acid ester by adding a small amount of water in a polar solvent (JP-A-6-329603). When producing hydroxide from quaternary ammonium carboxylate, quaternary ammonium carboxylate is often used as an aqueous solution. In this case, solvent removal / water replacement is performed by distillation after the quaternization step. And provided as an aqueous solution.
[0004]
In the method of reacting a tertiary amine and a carboxylic acid ester, a primary amine or secondary amine contained in a trace amount in the raw material tertiary amine reacts with the carboxylic acid ester to produce an amide compound. When a surfactant or cosmetic is produced using a quaternary ammonium carboxylate containing an amide compound as a raw material, a side reaction occurs and an impurity is generated, or the amide compound is contained as an impurity in the product and causes a reduction in quality. When a quaternary ammonium hydroxide containing such an amide compound is used as an intermediate to produce a quaternary ammonium hydroxide by electrolysis, the same quality deterioration is caused. Since the amide compound in question is chemically relatively stable and has a high boiling point, it has been difficult to efficiently remove the amide compound by a distillation operation or the like during the production process of the aqueous quaternary ammonium carboxylate solution.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned various problems and to provide a method for producing a quaternary ammonium carboxylate having high purity and low cost.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have reacted a tertiary amine and a carboxylic acid ester in a polar solvent to form a general formula [R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N] · R 5 —COO (R 1 to R 4 represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. R 1 to R 4 may be the same or different. R 5 represents hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. In the method for producing a quaternary ammonium carboxylate represented by (2), after adding an organic alkali and water to the obtained reaction solution, the amide compound contained as an impurity can be decomposed and removed by performing a heat treatment. As a result, the present invention has been achieved.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0008]
In the present invention, the amide compound decomposition treatment is performed by adding an organic alkali and water to the reaction solution after the quaternization step. The organic alkali used in the present invention hydrolyzes an amide compound into an amine and a carboxylic acid by acting as a base in the heat treatment. In addition to high basicity, the organic alkali used is required to have chemical properties that are difficult to volatilize or decompose in the amide compound decomposition step. Although the metal-based alkali is effective in decomposing the amide compound, it is difficult to remove the alkali metal from the product after decomposing the amide compound, and it is not suitable because it is finally mixed into the product to cause deterioration in quality.
[0009]
Examples of the organic alkali used in the present invention include primary, secondary, tertiary amines, cyclic bases containing at least one selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur atoms, quaternary ammonium hydroxides, quaternary Quaternary ammonium compounds such as quaternary ammonium carbonate and quaternary ammonium hydrogen carbonate may be mentioned, and these compounds may be used in combination of one or more. Among these, quaternary ammonium hydroxide, quaternary ammonium carbonate, quaternary ammonium hydrogen carbonate, and the like are preferable because they have high basicity, excellent amide compound decomposability, and low volatility. Furthermore, a quaternary ammonium hydroxide having very strong basicity can be particularly preferably used. Specific examples of these compounds include tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), trimethylethylammonium hydroxide, triethylmethylammonium hydroxide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, trimethyl (2- Hydroxyethyl) ammonium hydroxide, triethyl (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium hydroxide, hydroxides such as tripropyl (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium hydroxide, and carbonates and hydrogencarbonates thereof can be mentioned. . These compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more. More preferably, since it has little influence on the purity of the product, the general formula [R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N] (R 1 to R 4 represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. R 1 to R 4 Quaternary ammonium hydroxides, quaternary ammonium carbonates and quaternary ammonium hydrogen carbonates composed of the same ammonium ions as the quaternary ammonium carboxylates to be produced. One or more compounds selected from salts are particularly preferred.
[0010]
Even if it is a lower amine, amines such as tributylamine and tripropylamine having low volatility, alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine, aromatic amines, and cyclic such as pyridine Nitrogen compounds can also be suitably used. These compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0011]
The liquid property for decomposing the amide compound with practical efficiency in the amide compound decomposition step is alkaline. An appropriate value of pH is selected in consideration of the content of the impurity amide compound, the decomposition treatment time, or the influence in the subsequent steps, and is preferably pH 8 or more, more preferably pH 10 or more.
[0012]
The organic alkali to be used is added to adjust the liquid property to an optimum pH value, and an appropriate amount is selected depending on the kind of the organic alkali, but in general, it is 0 with respect to the quaternary ammonium carboxylate. 0.01 to 100% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 50% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 20% by weight. If the amount of the organic alkali is lower than 0.01% by weight, the pH of the reaction solution does not become 8 or more and the amide compound decomposition rate is slow, and if it is higher than 100% by weight, the heating efficiency and productivity are remarkably lowered. . Among the organic alkalis shown in the present invention, the quaternary ammonium hydroxide has a particularly basic property, so that a high ability of decomposing an amide compound can be obtained with a very small amount.
[0013]
Depending on the type of quaternary ammonium carboxylate to be produced, the raw carboxylic acid ester remains in the reaction solution as an unreacted component in the quaternization step and reacts with the organic alkali added during the amide compound decomposition treatment and consumes the alkali component. . In order to obtain a sufficient ability to decompose an amide compound, a large amount of an organic alkali may have to be added. In such a case, the organic alkali and water are not immediately added to the reaction solution after completion of the quaternization step, but after the preheating distillation for removing the unreacted carboxylic acid ester from the reaction solution, the organic alkali is added. Further, deamidation treatment may be performed by adding water. Although the temperature of preheating changes with carboxylic acid ester, generally 40-150 degreeC is preferable, More preferably, it is 80-120 degreeC. The preheating time is 10 to 120 minutes, preferably 20 to 90 minutes. Further, nitrogen ventilation may be performed in the preheating.
[0014]
The amount of water added to the amide compound decomposition step is appropriately selected depending on the amount of the impurity amide compound and the organic alkali used, but generally 0.5% by weight or more based on the quaternary ammonium carboxylate, Preferably it is 1 weight% or more, More preferably, it is 3 weight% or more. If the amount of water is lower than 0.5% by weight, the effect of the organic alkali acting as a base is reduced, and the decomposition rate of the amide compound is decreased, which is not preferable.
[0015]
Although the liquid temperature in amide compound decomposition | disassembly operation changes with quaternary ammonium carboxylate to manufacture, 40-150 degreeC is preferable, More preferably, it is 80-120 degreeC. When the liquid temperature is lower than 40 ° C., hydrolysis of the amide compound becomes insufficient. When the liquid temperature is higher than 150 ° C., the quaternary ammonium carboxylate to be produced is decomposed. Absent.
[0016]
In the case of producing an aqueous quaternary ammonium carboxylate solution, the amide compound decomposition treatment may be performed in a solvent replacement step performed after the quaternization step. In the solvent replacement step, the reaction solvent is removed from the reaction solution containing the quaternary ammonium carboxylate and the reaction solvent and replaced with a water solvent to obtain an aqueous quaternary ammonium carboxylate solution. The solvent replacement operation is preferably a continuous or batch distillation operation in terms of ease of operation and economy. The liquid temperature during the solvent replacement operation varies depending on the type of reaction solvent and the quaternary ammonium carboxylate to be produced, but is preferably 40 to 150 ° C, more preferably 80 to 120 ° C. When the liquid temperature is lower than 40 ° C., hydrolysis of the amide compound becomes insufficient. When the liquid temperature is higher than 150 ° C., the quaternary ammonium carboxylate to be produced is decomposed. Absent. The solvent replacement operation pressure may be normal pressure or reduced pressure.
[0017]
When the amide compound contained in the quaternary ammonium carboxylate is decomposed and removed according to the present invention, the liquid obtained thereafter becomes highly alkaline. If there is an adverse effect such as damage to equipment materials in the next process due to the high alkalinity of the liquid, add a substance that neutralizes alkali to the reaction liquid after the amide compound decomposition process to adjust the pH of the reaction liquid. You may adjust. In this case, an organic acid such as carboxylic acid, quaternary ammonium hydrogen carbonate, or the like can be used as a substance to be added.
[0018]
In the process of decomposing and removing the amide compound of the present invention, the reaction solution is treated with alkalinity, so that the atmosphere is preferably an inert gas such as nitrogen so as not to absorb carbon dioxide in the air.
[0019]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples and comparative examples. The present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0020]
Examples 1-5
209 g of trimethylamine containing 700 ppm by weight of dimethylamine as impurities, 255 g of methyl formate, 6 g of water, and 565 g of solvent (methanol) are charged into an autoclave and subjected to quaternization at a reaction temperature of 130 ° C. and a reaction pressure of 1.1 MPaG for 8 hours. It was.
After the reaction, 1028 g of a methanol solution of 38.9 wt% tetramethylammonium formate containing 230 ppm by weight of impurity dimethylformamide (hereinafter DMF) and trace amounts of trimethylamine, methyl formate, and 6 g of water were obtained.
[0021]
50 g of the resulting methanol solution of tetramethylammonium formate was heated at 70 ° C. for 30 minutes under a stream of nitrogen. Then, the organic alkali and water shown in Table 1 were added, and the DMF decomposition treatment was performed at 100 ° C. for 4 hours, and the DMF concentration in the liquid after the treatment was measured by a gas chromatograph method. The results are shown in Table 1. The values of the organic alkali and water shown in the table indicate the ratio with respect to the charged tetramethylammonium formate in weight%. As shown in Table 1, it was found that DMF in tetramethylammonium formate was removed to a very low concentration as a result of heat treatment by adding organic alkali and water.
[0022]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004788044
*:% By weight based on quaternary ammonium carboxylate in solution
[0023]
Examples 6-10
273 g of triethylamine containing 500 ppm by weight of diethylamine as an impurity, 211 g of methyl formate, 5 g of water, and 432 g of a solvent (methanol) were charged into an autoclave and subjected to a quaternization reaction at a reaction temperature of 140 ° C. and a reaction pressure of 1.5 MPaG for 10 hours. .
After the reaction, 915 g of a methanol solution of 43.7 wt% triethylmethylammonium formate containing 220 wt ppm of impurity diethylformamide (hereinafter DEF) and trace amounts of triethylamine, methyl formate, and 5 g of water were obtained.
[0024]
50 g of the resulting methanol solution of triethylmethylammonium formate was heated at 70 ° C. for 30 minutes under nitrogen flow. Then, the organic alkali and water shown in Table 2 were added, and DEF decomposition treatment was performed at 100 ° C. for 4 hours. The results of measuring the DEF concentration in the liquid after the treatment are shown in Table 2. As shown in the table, it was found that DEF in triethylmethylammonium formate was removed to a very low concentration as a result of heat treatment by adding organic alkali and water.
[0025]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004788044
*:% By weight based on quaternary ammonium carboxylate in solution
[0026]
Examples 11-15
A methanol solution of 38.1 wt% tetramethylammonium formate containing 230 wt ppm of DMF synthesized in Examples 1 to 6 and trace amounts of trimethylamine, methyl formate, and water at 70 ° C. under nitrogen flow, Heated for 30 minutes. Thereafter, 100 g of water and an organic alkali were added, and batch simple distillation was performed at 100 ° C. for 4 hours at normal pressure to obtain a 50 wt% aqueous solution of tetramethylammonium formate. The results of measuring the concentration of DMF in the liquid are shown in Table 3. As shown in the table, it was found that DMF in the tetramethylammonium formate aqueous solution was removed to a very low concentration as a result of heat treatment by adding organic alkali and water. Further, 10 g of a 50 wt% tetramethylammonium hydrogen carbonate aqueous solution at room temperature for pH adjustment was added to 50 g of the tetramethylammonium formate aqueous solution after the DMF decomposition treatment with tetramethylammonium hydroxide in Example 11. Added. The pH of the aqueous solution containing tetramethylammonium formate dropped from 14 to 12.
[0027]
Comparative Example To 50 g of the methanol solution of tetramethylammonium formate obtained in Examples 1 to 6, the solvent replacement operation was carried out in the same manner as in Examples 11 to 15 except that no organic alkali was added. The DMF concentration in the tetramethylammonium formate aqueous solution was measured (Table 3). DMF was detected at a high concentration and remained in the product with little degradation.
[0028]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004788044
*:% By weight based on quaternary ammonium carboxylate in solution
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method for producing a quaternary ammonium carboxylate of the present invention, an amide compound mixed as an impurity in a quaternization step can be efficiently decomposed and removed to a low concentration, and a high purity quaternary ammonium carboxylate is obtained. Can be manufactured.

Claims (3)

極性溶媒中で三級アミンとカルボン酸エステルを反応させて一般式[R1234N]・R5−COO(R1〜R4は炭素数1〜8のアルキル基を表す。R1〜R4は同一でも異なっても良い。R5は水素又は炭素数1〜6のアルキル基を表す。)で表される四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩を製造する方法において、三級アミンとカルボン酸エステルとの反応終了後、該反応液を予備加熱処理し、その後該反応液に四級アンモニウム水酸化物、四級アンモニウム炭酸塩および四級アンモニウム炭酸水素塩から選ばれる1種以上である有機アルカリ及び水を添加し、pHを8以上に調整した後、加熱処理を行い三級アミンとカルボン酸エステルを反応させた際に生成したアミド化合物を分解除去することを特徴とする高純度四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩の製造方法。A tertiary amine and a carboxylic acid ester are reacted in a polar solvent to form a general formula [R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N] · R 5 —COO (R 1 to R 4 represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. .R 1 to R 4 is a process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium carboxylate good .R 5 or different from represented by the representative.) the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon hydrogen or carbon with the same tertiary amine After completion of the reaction between the carboxylic acid ester and the carboxylic acid ester, the reaction solution is preheated, and then the reaction solution is added with one or more selected from quaternary ammonium hydroxide, quaternary ammonium carbonate and quaternary ammonium bicarbonate. After adding an organic alkali and water and adjusting the pH to 8 or higher , heat treatment is performed to decompose and remove the amide compound produced when the tertiary amine and carboxylic acid ester are reacted. Purity quaternary ammonium Manufacturing method of Bonn salt. 予備加熱処理が温度40〜150℃および時間10分〜120分である請求項1記載の高純度四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩の製造方法。The method for producing a high purity quaternary ammonium carboxylate according to claim 1, wherein the preheating treatment is performed at a temperature of 40 to 150 ° C and for a time of 10 to 120 minutes. アミド化合物を加熱分解除去する際、回分式または連続式蒸留することを特徴とする、請求項1記載の高純度四級アンモニウムカルボン酸塩の製造方法。 When heating decompose and remove an amide compound, batch or wherein the distillation in a continuous method for producing a high purity quaternary ammonium carboxylate of claim 1, wherein.
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