JP4797293B2 - Roof truss and its assembling method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates roof trusses using steel, and its assembly how.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Steel trusses have recently been applied to wooden houses. This roof truss is generally supplied as a paneled truss at a factory because the installer may not be used to processing steel materials.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the span of the roof truss is large, it may not be possible to load with a general-purpose truck.Therefore, if a large truck must be used for transporting the roof truss, or if the road is narrow and a large truck can be used. In such a case, there has been a case where assembly is unavoidable at the construction site, which in any case causes an increase in construction cost.
[0004]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and by dividing the roof truss into a plurality of parts in the longitudinal direction of the span and making it easy to assemble on site, transportation and construction are easy. in it is intended roof truss and the cost can be reduced, and subjecting Hisage its assembling method.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The roof truss according to the present invention is a roof truss made of steel, and is provided on a divided truss obtained by dividing the roof truss into a plurality of spans in the longitudinal direction of the span, and an upper chord member or a lower chord member of the plural divided trusses, A gusset plate for connecting adjacent upper chord members or lower chord members; and a connecting member for connecting the lower chord members or upper chord members of the plurality of divided trusses, wherein the gusset plate has an upper edge at an inclination angle of the upper chord member. A plate-shaped and wide attachment portion formed by inclining at a corresponding angle to which the upper chord material is joined, and a narrow joint portion in which one end of the attachment portion is bent at a substantially right angle to be substantially L-shaped. Further, the upper chord material is disposed along the upper edge of the mounting portion on the back side of the mounting portion .
[0008]
In the roof truss according to the present invention, the connecting member is provided with a vertical side whose inner dimension is substantially equal to a vertical side of the lower chord material or the upper chord material, and two orthogonal portions of the side. The cross section is formed in a substantially U shape by the side, and a plurality of bolt insertion holes are provided along the longitudinal direction .
[0009]
The roof truss assembling method according to the present invention is the above-described roof truss assembling method, a step of placing a plurality of divided trusses on a pedestal or the like and abutting the free ends thereof, and these It includes a step of integrally connecting the free ends of the lower chord member or upper chord member of the split truss with a connecting member, and a step of joining gusset plates provided on the upper chord member or the lower chord member of the adjacent split truss.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a basic explanatory view of a roof truss according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 1A, 1 is a roof truss of a wink truss type. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, this roof truss 1 is divided into two parts 1a and 1b at a center OO. (Hereinafter referred to as a divided truss) and transported to a building site, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), the upper chord material 2a, 2b (in the following description, the upper chord material is simply used in the divided truss 1a, 1b at the building site. 2) and the lower chord material 3a, 3b (in the following description, the lower chord material may be simply referred to as 3) are joined and integrated by the connecting member 20, respectively. A roof truss 1 is configured. Reference numerals 4 and 5 are diagonal members joined between the upper chord member 2 and the lower chord member 3. Hereinafter, the configuration of the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
[0011]
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the divided trusses 1a and 1b according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a back surface in the vicinity of the top. In FIG. 2, the upper chord member 2, the lower chord member 3, and the gusset plates for joining the diagonal members 4, 5 provided between them are omitted.
[0012]
Reference numerals 10a and 10b denote a pair of left and right gusset plates (hereinafter simply referred to as 10) provided at the tops of the divided trusses 1a and 1b, respectively. As shown in FIG. It consists of a joint portion 11 formed in a substantially L shape and a flat mounting portion 12, and bolt insertion holes 13 are provided at corresponding positions of both joint portions 11. The upper edge portion of the attachment portion 12 is formed to be inclined at an angle corresponding to the inclination angle of the upper chord material 2.
And, on the back side of the mounting portion 12, upper chord members 2a, 2b made of, for example, lip groove steel are provided with upper flanges along the upper edge of the mounting portion 12, and at the lower portion, for example, Diagonal members 4 made of lip groove steel are disposed at a predetermined angle, and the webs are fixed to the mounting portion 12 by means of spot welding, screwing, screwing or the like.
[0013]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the lower chord members 3a and 3b are made of, for example, lip groove steel, one end is fixed to the upper chord member 2a and 2b, and the other end (free end) is joined to the gusset plates 10a and 10b. The length is selected almost directly below the portion 11, and a plurality of (at least one) bolt insertion holes 6 are provided along the longitudinal direction on the free end side of the web.
Reference numeral 20 denotes a connecting member for connecting the lower chord members 3a and 3b of the divided trusses 1a and 1b. The connecting member 20 is made of, for example, a grooved steel, and the inner dimensions thereof are selected to be substantially equal to the outer dimensions of the lower chord members 3a and 3b. Reference numeral 21 denotes a plurality of (at least two) bolt insertion holes provided along the longitudinal direction of the web at positions corresponding to the bolt insertion holes 6 of the lower chord members 3a and 3b when the two divided trusses 1a and 1b are assembled. It is.
[0014]
Next, the procedure for assembling the divided trusses 1a and 1b configured as described above will be described. A large number of divided trusses 1a and 1b incorporated in a factory or the like are loaded on a general-purpose truck or the like and transported to a building site. At the construction site, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of pedestals 30 and the like are used so that the eaves of the upper chord members 2a and 2b do not contact the ground, etc. , 1b is placed with the joints 11 of the gusset plates 10a, 10b facing each other and held using a jig or the like. Next, both or one of the divided trusses 1a and 1b is advanced to bring the joint 11 of the gusset plates 10a and 10b and the free ends of the lower chord members 3a and 3b into contact. When the divided trusses 1a and 1b are placed on the pedestal 30 or the like, the joint portions 11 of the gusset plates 10a and 10b and the free ends of the lower chord members 3a and 3b may be brought into contact with each other.
[0015]
Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the connecting member 20 is fitted from the web side to the contact portions of the lower chord members 3a and 3b, and the vertical positions of the two divided trusses 1a and 1b are aligned. Adjustment is made so that there is no vertical and horizontal deviation between 3a and 3b, bolts are inserted into the bolt insertion holes 21 and 6 of the connecting member 20 and the lower chord members 3a and 3b, and the nuts are tightened and fixed.
The bolt insertion holes 6 of the lower chord members 3a and 3b are positioned so that the lower chord member 3 has a design span in a state in which the connecting member 20 is coupled. Therefore, there is a processing error in the length of the lower chord members 3a and 3b to be connected. Even in such a case, the lower chord material can be assembled to the span length as designed by inserting the bolts into the bolt insertion holes 6 and 21 without measuring them in advance.
[0016]
When four or more bolt insertion holes 21 are provided in the connecting member 20 in the longitudinal direction in advance, at least two of the bolt insertion holes 21 are used for connection with one lower chord material 3a. By utilizing the other at least two bolt insertion holes for connection with the other lower chord member 3b, the rotation of the lower chord members 3a and 3b to be coupled can be restricted, so that the lower chord member bearing the axial force and the bending. Can be coupled without sacrificing bending and axial rigidity.
[0017]
Next, as shown in FIG. 8, a bolt is inserted into a bolt insertion hole 13 provided in the joint portion 11 of the gusset plate provided at the top of the divided trusses 1a and 1b, and the nuts are tightened to fix both together.
Since the bolt insertion hole 13 is provided so that the tops of the divided trusses 1a and 1b are at the same height, the vertical dimension control can be performed simultaneously with the coupling of the two.
As a result, the split trusses 1a and 1b are joined together to form the roof truss 1. In the above description, the case where the divided trusses 1a and 1b are set up is described. However, as long as the construction space can be secured, the divided trusses may be assembled in a flat state.
[0018]
Thus, according to the present embodiment, there is no need to assemble and assemble each of the divided trusses 1a and 1b, but the connecting member 20 is fitted to the lower chord members 3a and 3b and bolted together, and the gusset plate 10a. , 10b, the roof truss 1 having a predetermined size can be assembled simply by bolting the joint 11 to each other.
[0019]
Further, in the present embodiment, the lower chord material 3 that bears bending due to the weight of the ceiling is divided at the center portion of the span, but the connecting member 20 that joins the divided lower chord materials 3a and 3b is in the strong axis direction. Therefore, the connecting member 20 functions as a structural member and has a stable structure by taking appropriate measures such as increasing the overlapping margin with the lower chord members 3a and 3b by making the connecting member 20 longer. be able to.
[0020]
[Embodiment 2]
FIG. 9 is a perspective explanatory view of the main part of the roof truss according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the gusset plate of FIG. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
[0021]
In both figures, reference numerals 15a and 15b denote gusset plates provided at the tops of the divided trusses 1a and 1b. One of the gusset plates (for example, 15a, hereinafter referred to as the first gusset plate) includes the upper chord material 2a and the diagonal material 4 A plurality of bolt insertion holes 17 are provided in the vertical direction on the joining side. The upper edge portion is formed to be inclined at an angle corresponding to the inclination angle of the upper chord material 2a.
[0022]
The other gusset plate 15b (hereinafter referred to as the second gusset plate) is a flat plate-like mounting portion having substantially the same size as the mounting portion 16a of the first gusset plate 15a to which the upper chord member 2b and the diagonal member 4 are attached. 16b and its joint side is bent outward by the thickness t of the first gusset plate 15a, and then the joint 18 extending from the end of the split truss 1b to the split truss 1a in parallel with the mounting portion 16b. The joint is provided with a bolt insertion hole 19 corresponding to the bolt insertion hole 17 of the first gusset plate 15a. The upper edge portion of the attachment portion 16b is formed to be inclined at an angle corresponding to the inclination angle of the upper chord material 2b, and the upper edge portion of the joint portion 18 is the upper edge portion of the first gusset plate 15a. It is formed to be inclined at an angle corresponding to the inclination angle.
The lower chord members 3a and 3b and the connecting member 20 that couples the lower chord members 3a and 3b in the present embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.
[0023]
In assembling the divided trusses 1a and 1b according to the present embodiment configured as described above, both the divided trusses 1a and 1b are placed on the pedestal 30 or the like in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Then, the free ends of the lower chord members 3a and 3b are brought into contact with each other, and the joining side end portion of the first gusset plate 15a is brought into contact with the inner surface of the joining portion 18 of the second gusset plate 15b.
[0024]
In this state, the lower chord members 3a and 3b are coupled by the connecting member 20, and the bolt insertion hole 17 provided in the first gusset plate 15a is connected to the bolt insertion hole 19 provided in the joint portion 18 of the second gusset plate 15b. If the bolts are inserted through the nuts and the nuts are fastened and fixed, the two divided trusses 1a and 1b are joined together to form the roof truss 1.
The assembly effect in the present embodiment is substantially the same as that in the first embodiment.
[0025]
In the first and second embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5, the case where the lower chord members 3 a and 3 b made of lip groove steel are coupled by the connecting member 20 made of groove steel has been described. Further, other steel materials may be used for the connecting member 20. Hereinafter, an example thereof will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 11A, the lower chord members 3a and 3b made of lip groove steel are joined by a connecting member 20 made of lip groove steel whose inner shape is substantially equal to the outer shape of the lower chord materials 3a and 3b. It is. In this case, the connecting member 20 needs to be fitted to one lower chord material 3a (or 3b) in advance.
[0026]
Further, FIG. 11B shows that the lower chord members 3a and 3b made of a hollow steel material having a square cross section are joined by a connecting member 20 made of a grooved steel whose inner shape is substantially equal to the outer shape of the lower chord members 3a and 3b. It is a thing. Instead of the grooved steel connecting member 20, a connecting member made of lip grooved steel may be used as shown in FIG.
FIG. 11 (c) shows that the lower chord members 3a and 3b made of a steel material having an L-shaped cross section are connected by a connecting member 20 made of a grooved steel whose inner web is almost equal to the vertical piece of the lower chord members 3a and 3b. (Note that, as described above, since the connecting member 20 is made of lip groove steel or groove steel, they may be collectively referred to as a connecting member having a substantially U-shaped cross section).
[0027]
In the first and second embodiments and FIG. 11, the case where the bolt insertion holes 6 and 21 are provided in the web (including the vertical piece) of the lower chord members 3a and 3b and the connecting member 20 is shown. Bolt insertion holes may be provided. Further, the connecting member 20 is not limited to the lip groove steel or the groove steel, and the cross-sectional shapes that can be fixed to the two orthogonal sides of the lower chord material of various cross-sectional shapes, that is, the inner dimensions are vertical of the lower chord material. A vertical side substantially equal to the side in the direction and two sides perpendicular to both ends of the side are formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section, and a plurality of bolt insertion holes are provided along the longitudinal direction. Anything is acceptable.
In the first and second embodiments, the case where bolts and nuts are used for coupling the joint portions 11 and 18 of the gusset plates 10a, 10b, 15a and 15b, and coupling the lower chord members 3a and 3b and the connecting member 20. Although shown, these may be coupled by screws (in the description of the embodiment of the present invention, they are described as bolt insertion holes including the case where screws are used).
[0028]
Further, in the first and second embodiments, the case where the roof truss 1 is divided into two parts at the center of the span as shown by OO in FIG. 1A to form the divided trusses 1a and 1b is shown. However, for example, it may be divided into a plurality of parts at appropriate positions in the span direction, such as dividing into three parts by O ₁ -O ₁ or O ₂ -O ₂ and forming a divided truss. By using the connecting member 20 and the gusset plates 10a and 10b (or 15a and 15b), it is possible to configure the roof truss 1 that integrally couples them. When the roof truss 1 is divided by O ₁ -O ₁ , the upper chord member 2 is coupled by the connecting member 20 and the lower chord member 3 is coupled by the gusset plates 10a, 10b (or 15a, 15b).
[0029]
Further, in the first and second embodiments, the case where the present invention is applied to a roof truss of a wink truss type is shown, but the present invention can also be applied to a roof truss of a king post truss type as shown in FIG. . That is, as shown in FIG. 12A or 12B, the roof truss 1 is divided into two parts, for example, O ₃ —O ₃ or O ₅ —O ₅ , or O ₄ —O ₄ or O ₆ —. The roof truss 1 can be configured by dividing the Os ₆ into three parts to form divided trusses and integrally connecting them with the gusset plates 10a and 10b (or 15a and 15b) and the connecting member 20. In addition, when the roof truss 1 is divided by O ₃ —O ₃ or O ₅ —O ₅ , both the upper chord member 2 and the lower chord member 3 are coupled by gusset plates 10a, 10b (or 15a, 15b), When divided by O ₆ -O ₆ , both the upper chord member 2 and the lower chord member 3 are coupled by the connecting member 20.
[0030]
According to the present invention configured as described above, a roof truss is divided into a plurality of span directions in a factory or the like, and is configured to be transported to a construction site and easily assembled. There is no need to use a large truck that is compatible with the road, or to consider road conditions, and it can be easily transported with a general-purpose truck.
In addition, when assembling at the construction site, it is possible to work with the divided truss upright, so even an inexperienced person can easily assemble the roof truss simply by securing a small space even in a narrow construction site .
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
A roof truss according to the present invention is provided on a divided truss obtained by dividing a roof truss made of a steel material into a plurality of pieces in the longitudinal direction of the span, and an upper chord member or a lower chord member adjacent to each other. A gusset plate that joins the lower chord material or the upper chord material of the plurality of split trusses, and the gusset plate has an upper edge inclined at an angle corresponding to an inclination angle of the upper chord material. A plate-shaped and wide attachment portion to which the upper chord material is joined and a narrow joint portion obtained by bending one end of the attachment portion at a substantially right angle, and the attachment portion is further formed. Since the roof truss in which the upper chord material is disposed along the upper edge of the mounting portion on the rear side of the mounting is assembled at the construction site, it is necessary to use a large truck for transportation or to consider road conditions Without It is possible to easily transported in a generic track, it is possible to reduce the cost of such transportation.
[0032]
A method for assembling a roof truss according to the present invention includes a step of placing the plurality of divided trusses on a pedestal or the like and abutting the free ends thereof; Since the free end is integrally joined by the connecting member and the gusset plate provided on the upper chord member or the lower chord member of the adjacent divided truss is joined, a small space is secured even in a narrow construction site. Only an inexperienced person can easily assemble a roof truss.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a basic explanatory view of a roof truss according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the divided truss according to the first embodiment.
3 is a rear perspective view of the vicinity of the top of FIG. 2. FIG.
4 is a perspective view of the gusset plate of FIG. 3. FIG.
5 is a perspective view of the lower chord member of FIG. 2. FIG.
6 is a perspective view for explaining an assembly procedure of the first embodiment. FIG.
7 is an explanatory view showing a coupled state of the lower chord material of FIG. 6. FIG.
8 is an explanatory view showing a coupling state of the gusset plate of FIG. 6. FIG.
FIG. 9 is a perspective explanatory view of a main part of a roof truss according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
10 is a perspective view of the gusset plate of FIG. 9. FIG.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of another example of a lower chord member and a connecting member.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the point of implementation of the present invention for a king post truss type roof truss.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Roof truss 1a, 1b Split truss 2 Upper chord material 3 Lower chord material 4,5 Diagonal material 10a, 10b, 15a, 15b Gusset plate 11,18 Joint part 12, 16a, 16b Attachment part 20 Connecting member 30 Base etc.

Claims (3)

A roof truss made of steel,
A split truss obtained by dividing the roof truss into a plurality of spans in the longitudinal direction;
A gusset plate that is provided on the upper chord member or the lower chord member of the plurality of divided trusses and connects adjacent upper chord members or lower chord members;
A connecting member for connecting the lower chord material or the upper chord material of the plurality of divided trusses,
The gusset plate has a plate-like and wide attachment portion, the upper edge portion of which is formed at an angle corresponding to the inclination angle of the upper chord material, to which the upper chord material is joined, and one end of the attachment portion at a substantially right angle. The upper chord material is disposed along the upper edge of the mounting portion on the back side of the mounting portion. Roof truss. The connecting member is formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section by a vertical side whose inner dimension is substantially equal to the vertical side of the lower chord material or the upper chord material, and two sides provided perpendicular to both ends of the side. The roof truss according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of bolt insertion holes are provided along the longitudinal direction. A method for assembling a roof truss according to claim 1,
Placing a plurality of split trusses upright on a pedestal or the like and contacting the free ends thereof;
A step of connecting the lower ends of the divided trusses or the free ends of the upper chords together with a connecting member;
A method for assembling the roof truss, comprising the step of joining gusset plates provided on the upper chord member or the lower chord member of the adjacent divided truss.

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