JP4801803B2 - Application control device for granular fertilizer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a spraying control device for granular fertilizer or the like that sprinkles feed powder particles onto a field by a jet tube while feeding particles and powder such as granular fertilizers stored in a tank by a feed device.

  Conventionally, as input elements from the outside, one minute from the nozzle is set by setting the spraying amount, spraying width, spraying speed, sprayed material density, feed roll size to set the spraying amount sprayed per area, respectively. The structure which knows the discharge amount of this and calculates | requires the rotation speed of a delivery roll is well-known.

Further, a configuration is known in which the above elements are detected by a detection means, and for example, a spraying operation is performed while appropriately controlling the number of rotations of a feeding roll during the operation while detecting a spraying speed.
With this configuration, by inputting the external input element by a knob operation or automatic detection, the rotation speed of the feeding roll is automatically determined, and the rotation speed of the roll shaft is controlled, so that proper spray amount control can be performed. It is convenient to do.
Japanese Patent No. 2706758

  By the way, in the above-mentioned patent document, there is a disclosure that a feed roll knob for setting the size of the feed roll (volume of the feed amount) is provided. The size of the feed roll is determined in advance, and the vehicle speed is thereafter determined. There is a disclosure of a configuration that catches a rotation speed signal of an engine such as a tractor or a PTO shaft by input and automatically controls the rotation speed of a feeding roll.

  However, when the set fertilizer amount is changed during the work, the above-mentioned feed roll knob can be set manually. However, if the feed roll setting is changed unnecessarily, the rotation of the feed roll becomes unstable or correct. When reversing is switched, the switching time may cause a non-sprayed blank section.

  In other words, a plurality of feed rolls with different feed amounts per unit rotation are prepared, which feed roll is used for the spraying operation is determined in advance, and the feed roll speed is determined by inputting the vehicle speed. However, there was no consideration for determining whether or not to move to a feeding roll having a different feeding amount per unit rotation of the feeding roll. In view of the above, this invention intends to continue the spraying operation smoothly even if the set fertilizer amount is changed.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of or a plurality of sets of feeding rolls (20a, 20b, 20c) are provided below the tank (10), wherein the feeding amount per unit rotation is varied on the feeding roll drive shaft (21). , 20d), a feeding device (11) provided with spraying amount setting means (58, 59U, 59D), and depending on the set spraying amount, which one of the feeding rolls or the feeding roll type is selected. A controller for determining and inputting a working speed signal of the traveling machine is provided, and the controller feeds the feeding rolls (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) from at least the set spray amount information and the working speed signal of the traveling machine. The number of rotations is calculated, and the driving means (25) for driving the feeding roll drive shaft (21) is controlled so as to be the above-mentioned calculated number of feeding rotations. Even if it is determined that the feed roll type differs depending on the set spray amount change, the feed roll rotation based on the feed roll type before the set spray amount change is performed even if the feed roll type is changed depending on the setting spray amount change. It is set as the structure of the dispersion | distribution control apparatuses, such as a granular fertilizer, which set it as the structure which calculates a number and rotationally drives a delivery roll.

  The sprayed material in the tank (10) is fed out by the feeding device (11), and the feeding device (11) is constituted by a plurality or a plurality of sets of feeding rolls (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) having different feeding amounts. These feeding rolls (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) are selectively provided and act so as to be fed in large and small in accordance with the size of the set spray amount, and based on information input of the set spray amount and the vehicle speed. The number of rotations of the selected feeding rolls (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) can be changed and controlled, and the amount of spraying is controlled by automatically following the speed fluctuation of the machine.

Furthermore, even if the set fertilizer application amount is switched during the spraying operation and the type of the feed roll is determined to be different, the spread roll type is maintained and the spraying is continued.
A second aspect of the present invention is the first aspect of the present invention, wherein, in the first aspect, when the number of revolutions of the feeding roll after the change of the set spray amount deviates from the preset upper and lower limit range, the type of the feeding roll is changed and the changed feeding roll is changed. It is set as the structure of the dispersion | distribution control apparatuses, such as a granular fertilizer, which calculated the number of rotations of the delivery roll of a kind, and rotated the delivery roll.

  When the calculated feed rotation speed deviates from the preset upper and lower limit range, the feed roll type is changed, and the feed rotation speed for the changed feed roll type is calculated.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the set fertilizer amount is switched during the spraying operation and the type of the feeding roll is determined to be different, the rotation becomes unstable and the motor is rotated during normal / reverse rotation. If there is a change in the amount of fertilizer applied during spraying, do not change the feed roll category on condition that the feed roll speed is within the upper and lower limit range. Thus, the unstable rotation and the blanking interval can be reduced.

  In addition to the above-described effect, the invention according to claim 2 changes the feed roll type when the calculated feed rotation speed deviates from the preset upper and lower limit ranges, and the feed roll rotation speed with the changed feed roll type. And an appropriate amount of spraying can be ensured by outputting the roll to rotate the feed roll.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the granular spraying device 1 is mounted on the rear part of the riding management machine 2. A pair of left and right tanks 10 and 10 are mounted on the rear part of the two riding management machines which are equipped with the engine 3 at the front and transmit the front and rear wheels 4 and 5 by appropriately changing the engine speed. The granular spraying device 1 includes the tank 10, a feeding device 11, a blower 12, a first jet tube 13, a second jet tube 14, a control unit 15, and the like.

  Each of the pair of tanks 10 and 10 is provided with a feeding device 11 for feeding a predetermined amount of sprayed granule from the tank 10. The feeding device 11 comprises a plurality of types of feeding rolls 20 on the feeding roll drive shaft 21, and has the same configuration as the first feeding roll 20 a, a first feeding roll 20 a that is formed in the circumferential direction with a feeding recess as the same capacity. The second feeding roll 20b, the third feeding roll 20c, and the fourth feeding roll 20d that is shorter than these feeding rolls and formed with a shallow recess depth are set as one set, and among these, the first and second feeding rolls 20a and 20b are formed. The third supply roll 20c and the fourth supply roll 20d are mounted on the supply roll drive shaft 21 integrally with the supply roll drive shaft 21 via the one-way clutches 22 and 22, respectively.

  Accordingly, when the roll drive shaft 21 is driven in the forward direction, the first and second feed rolls 20a and 20b are driven by the interlocking action of the one-way clutches 22 and 22, and therefore all the first to fourth feed rolls 20a to 20d are driven. Is driven. Conversely, when the feeding roll drive shaft 21 is driven in reverse, the first and second feeding rolls 20a and 20b are stopped, and the third feeding roll 20c and the fourth feeding roll 20d are driven.

  On the other hand, the tank 10 is provided with a partition wall 10a having a U-shape in plan view, and is divided into a section A corresponding to the first to third feeding rolls 20a to 20c of the feeding device 11 and a section B corresponding to the fourth feeding roll 20d. It becomes the composition which is done. The section A is used for a general fertilizer granule, and the section B is used for a herbicide that requires a small amount of spraying. Accordingly, when the feeding roll drive shaft 21 rotates in the forward direction, the first feeding roll 20a to the third feeding roll 20c rotate in conjunction with each other so that the granule in the section A is set in the feeding state. Only the roll 20c is extended. When the herbicide is introduced into the section B, a small amount is sprayed by this reverse interlocking.

  In the following description, the feeding state of the first to third feeding rolls 20a, 20b, and 20c is the large supply state, the feeding state of the third feeding roll 20c is the medium supply state, and the feeding state of the fourth feeding roll 20d is the small supply. It is called a state. Further, the feed roll types 1, 2 and 3 are set by the feed roll or the feed roll set used in the three forms of large, medium and small.

  The pair of left and right feeding roll drive shafts 21 and 21 are configured to be interlocked by a bevel gear 24 group to a motor interlocking shaft 23 that is orthogonal thereto. The motor interlocking shaft 23 is connected to the motor drive shaft 26 of the feeding roll drive motor 25 by a coupling 27. The feeding roll drive motor 25 is configured to be linked to forward / reverse switching.

  Clutch means 28L and 28R are provided between the motor interlocking shaft 23 and the left and right roll drive shafts 21 and 21, and the rotation of the motor interlocking shaft 23 is transmitted to the left roll drive shaft 21 or is not driven. In this configuration, the rotation of the motor interlocking shaft 23 can be transmitted to the right roll drive shaft 21 or switched to the non-driven state, and the clutch means 28L, 28R are arranged to spread the left and right booms in the vicinity of the driver's seat. The levers 29L and 29R can be operated separately.

  The through cylinders 30 and 30 are respectively located below the pair of feeding devices 11 and 11, and one end of each of the through cylinders 30 and 30 is communicated with the blow cylinder 31 provided with the blower 12. The other end on the downstream side is configured to communicate with the first jet tube 13.

  The blower device 12 is constituted by a blower fan 12a that is linked to the PTO shaft 32 of the passenger management machine 2 via an electromagnetic clutch 12b, and the blast air enters the through-cylinder 30 through the blower cylinder 31 and is fed out. Is transferred to the first jet tube 13 by being carried in an air stream. An air volume adjusting valve 33 is provided in the middle of the blower cylinder 31 so that the air volume adjusting lever 34 can be rotated around the axis.

A second jet pipe 14 is connected to the left and right first jet pipes 13 via a bellows pipe 40 so as to be bent.
The cylindrical body 42 is provided with a lateral support shaft 47, and the second jet tube 14 is connected via the support shaft 47, and is rotated around the lateral support shaft 47 in addition to the movement to the storage posture. Can be switched between a vertical storage position and a horizontal working position. The second jet on the left or right side can be changed based on the operation of the left / right adjustment lever (not shown) at hand. The tubes 14L and 14R can be switched to a vertical posture (non-working posture) or a horizontal posture (working posture). 49L and 49R are traction ropes for interlocking operation of the second jet tube 14L or 14R.

The second nozzle tube 14 is formed with nozzle holes 50, 50... Having a predetermined diameter at predetermined intervals.
Next, the control unit 15 of the granular spraying device 1 having the above configuration will be described. The control unit 15 includes a fertilizer controller 15A, a motor controller 15B, and a main machine controller 15C connected to each other (FIG. 7). Among them, the fertilizer controller 15A includes data necessary for fertilization and herbicide application, for example, the feeding roll. While inputting the motor rotation pulse of the drive motor 24, the selection information by the left and right boom spreading levers 48L and 48R, the drive information of the blower fan 12a, the remaining amount sensors 54 and 54 provided in the tank 10, etc., the motor controller 15B A motor rotation output pulse signal, a motor rotation direction switching signal, etc. are output to (Fig. 8).

The machine controller 15C is configured to transmit the vehicle speed data from the means for detecting the vehicle speed to the fertilizer controller 15A.
In addition, the fertilizer controller 15 </ b> A inputs information on switches disposed on the operation panel 55. A variable switch 57, a fertilizer setting switch 58, increase / decrease switches 59U and 59D, and a cumulative reset switch 60 are disposed in the vicinity of the liquid crystal display unit 56 in the operation panel 55 in the figure, and these operation switch signals are transmitted from the fertilizer controller. This is a configuration input to 15A. The display content of the liquid crystal display unit 56 can display a fertilizer application set value, a specific gravity value, a memory value, and a cumulative value, and is output so as to be sequentially switched and displayed by turning on the display changeover switch 61.

The fertilizer controller 15A incorporates six different control modes. That is, an automatic mode, a variable mode, a memory mode, an emergency operation mode, a system setting mode, and a communication operation mode (FIG. 9). Hereinafter, the automatic mode and the variable mode will be described.
(auto mode)
If the key switch 62 is simply turned on without selecting and setting the various setting modes, the automatic mode is entered. In this automatic mode, a motor rotation output pulse (feeding roll drive motor) is sent to the motor controller 15B that drives the feeding roll of the feeding device 11 in accordance with the fertilizer application set value and the vehicle speed so that the fertilizing amount per unit area becomes constant. (Rotation signal) is output.

  Before starting work, turn on the fertilizer setting switch 58 to display the currently set fertilizer amount (counter-attack fertilizer amount (kg)) and check whether the fertilizer amount is suitable for the work to be done. When the change is made in units of 1 kg by the switch 59U or the decrease switch 59D and the fertilizer setting switch 58 is turned on again for a predetermined time (for example, 2 seconds or more), the value A (kg) is stored (FIG. 10, step 101).

Next, specific gravity is set (step 102). When the display changeover switch 61 is turned on and “specific gravity” is selected, the current set value is displayed. It is confirmed whether or not the specific gravity value is suitable for the work to be performed. If the specific gravity value is different, it is changed in increments of 0.01 by the increase switch 59U or decrease switch 59D. When turned on, the value D (g / cm ³ ) is stored.

  As described above, which of the feeding rolls of the feeding device 11 is used, that is, the type of the feeding roll, is determined depending on whether the fertilizing amount A falls within a preset range of large, medium, or small. The In the case of the present embodiment, when the fertilization amount is determined (steps 102 to 105), the rotation direction of the feeding roll drive motor 24 is determined. That is, when the fertilizing amount A corresponds to a large application amount of, for example, a1 (for example, a1 = 25 kg) or more, the feeding rolls so that the first feeding roll 20a, the second feeding roll 20b, and the third feeding roll 20c are operated. A normal rotation signal is output to the drive motor 24 (steps 106 and 108).

  Similarly, when the fertilizer application amount A corresponds to a medium application amount of a2 ≦ A ≦ a1 (for example, a2 = 5 kg), a reverse rotation signal is output to the feeding roll drive motor 24 so that the third roll 20c operates (step) 104, 107).

  A reverse rotation signal is output to the feeding roll drive motor 24 so that the fourth roll 20d operates even when the fertilizer application amount A corresponds to a small application amount of A <a2 (steps 105 and 107). In addition, although the same motor reverse rotation signal is output as the middle spray amount, the feed spatter from the feeding device 11 is determined depending on whether the spatter is stored in the section A or the section B (step) 108, 109).

  As described above, the feed roll type 1, type 2 or type 3 is determined and changed to the driving state by changing and setting the combination of the feed rolls that are set so that the feed amount varies depending on the spread amount setting of the spread material. Is set.

  In the above-described embodiment, the feed roll drive shaft 21 after the feed roll type determination is driven differently by forward rotation or reverse rotation, and the feed amount by the feed device 11 is set and changed. A feed roll with a different feed amount is provided for each, and a motor output is output to drive a feed roll drive shaft that connects a feed roll corresponding to the roll type determined by the setting of the spray amount, or to a plurality of drive motors. Alternatively, a necessary feeding roll may be driven by selecting a necessary clutch via a clutch mechanism.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the tank is divided into section A and section B to select and set the type of feeding roll. However, only the rotation, stop, and selection of the rotating direction of the feeding roll drive shaft 21 are selected. But you can.

After the determination of the motor drive rotation direction is made as described above, the feed roll rotation speed is determined after the input of the vehicle speed signal and the determination of the set specific gravity (steps 110 to 113).
The feed roll rotation speed Rb calculated by the fertilizer controller 15A based on the vehicle speed S and the like as described above is output to the motor controller 15B, and the feed roll drive motor 25 is rotationally interlocked based on the calculated value.

  Note that when the vehicle speed S reaches a specified value due to the start of airframe travel, a motor rotation output pulse (roll drive motor rotation signal) is output. Even during traveling, when the spray switch 69 is turned off or the fan switch 70 is “OFF”, the output of the motor rotation output pulse (feed roll drive motor rotation signal) is stopped. Further, when the vehicle speed becomes high and the calculated motor rotation number exceeds a preset upper limit value, the buzzer 71 is turned on intermittently with a long sound.

When the set fertilizer amount is changed while the motor rotation output pulse (feeding roll drive motor rotation signal) is being output and changed from a small amount range to a range exceeding this amount (or vice versa), the motor rotation output is left unchanged. The output of the pulse (feeding roll drive motor rotation signal) is stopped, and after a predetermined short time (for example, 100 msec) has elapsed, the rotation direction switching output and the motor rotation output pulse (feeding roll drive motor rotation signal) are output again. .
(Variable mode)
While working in the automatic mode with the fertilizer amount set in advance as described above, the fertilizer amount setting is temporarily changed. When the variable switch 57 is turned on, the variable mode 57 is entered, and the variable switch 57 is turned on again. Turning it on ends the variable mode and returns to the automatic mode.

The variable lamp 72 is turned on during the variable mode period.
In order to change the fertilizer application amount, the fertilizer application switch 58 is turned on to display the present fertilizer application amount (counter-contact fertilizer application amount (kg)), and the fertilizer application amount in the variable mode is 1 kg by the increase switch 59U or the decrease switch 59D. When the fertilization setting switch 58 is turned on again for a predetermined time or longer (for example, 2 seconds or longer), the changed fertilization amount value A ′ is stored. The changed setting value is set only during the variable mode period, and writing to the E2PROM is not performed.

Further, the feeding roll rotation control based on the changed fertilizer application amount A ′ is configured in accordance with the automatic mode.
Further, the following control is performed during the variable mode. Even if the changed fertilizer application amount value A ′ is different from the determination result of the feed roll type 1, type 2, and type 3 in the automatic mode, the feed roll type is not changed, but based on the vehicle speed or the like. The feed roll rotational speed Rb ′ is calculated, and the feed roll type up to that time is continued on the condition that it is within a preset upper and lower limit range (FIG. 13). When configured in this manner, as shown in FIG. 14, there is a condition for obtaining the number of revolutions of the feeding roll corresponding to the vehicle speed in any of the feeding roll type 1 and the feeding roll type 2. In such a case, it is impossible. In this embodiment, the feed roll rotation speed Rd ′ is calculated from the vehicle speed data according to the feed roll type 1, 2, or 3 so far, without changing the feed roll type. When the roll rotation is forward / reverse, a time loss occurs in this switching operation, so that an unspread section during field work is not generated, and the spray amount change state can be smoothly performed. In FIG. 14, the set fertilizer application amount M indicates the motor rotation speed Rd2 in the case of the feeding roll type 2 with respect to the motor rotation speed Rd1 of the feeding roll type 1.

  When the calculated feed roll rotational speed Rd ′ exceeds a preset upper limit value (Lu in FIG. 14) or a lower limit value (Ld), a change output of the feed roll type is immediately made, and this feed roll type With this change, a new feed roll rotation speed Rd ′ is calculated. Therefore, it is possible to continue spraying without extremely slowing down the speed or conversely.

Top view of a passenger management machine equipped with a granular fertilizer Rear view of a passenger management machine equipped with a granular fertilizer Plan view with a partial cross section of the feeding device of the granular fertilizer Top view of tank section of granular fertilizer Side view of feeding device of granular fertilizer Top view of the operation unit Overview diagram showing an example of controller connection Control block diagram flowchart flowchart Time chart Time chart flowchart Set fertilizer application rate-roll rotation speed relationship graph

Explanation of symbols

10, 10 Tank 15A Fertilizer controller (roll type determining means, feeding roll rotation speed calculating means)
15B Motor controller 15C Machine controller 20a Feeding roll 20b Feeding roll 20c Feeding roll 20d Feeding roll 21 Feeding roll drive shaft 25 Feeding roll drive motor (drive means)
58 Variable switch (spreading amount setting means)
59U increase switch (spraying amount setting means)
59D decrease switch (spraying amount setting means)

Claims (2)

  A feeding device (11) having a plurality of or a plurality of sets of feeding rolls (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) having different feeding amounts per unit rotation on the feeding roll drive shaft (21) below the tank (10). ), Spraying amount setting means (58, 59U, 59D), and determining which of the feeding rolls or the set of feeding rolls according to the set spraying amount, and the working speed of the traveling machine body A controller for inputting a signal is provided, and the controller calculates the feeding rotation speed of the feeding rolls (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) from at least the set application amount information and the work speed signal of the traveling machine body, and the above calculation is performed. The means for controlling the driving means (25) for driving the feeding roll drive shaft (21) so as to have the same number of revolutions is provided, and means for changing the set spraying amount during the spraying operation is provided. Even if it is determined that the feed roll type varies depending on the set spray amount change, the feed roll speed is calculated by calculating the feed roll speed based on the feed roll type before the set spray amount change without changing the current feed roll type. A spraying control device for granular fertilizer, etc., configured to rotate and output.   When the feed roll speed after changing the set spray amount deviates from the preset upper and lower limit range, the feed roll type is changed, the feed roll speed of the changed feed roll type is calculated, and the feed roll is driven to rotate. The spraying control apparatus of the granular fertilizer etc. of Claim 1 made into the structure to do.

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