JP4804073B2 - Humidity control structure under the building floor - Google Patents

Description

  In the present invention, moisture-proof concrete is placed on the floor baseboard surface in the foundation of a building, and a heat insulation layer is provided on the first floor portion above it. It is related with the underfloor humidity control structure of the building which ventilates the first floor underfloor space.

  In recent years, for the purpose of improving the heat insulation performance of a house, a floor heat insulation method in which a fiber type heat insulating material such as glass wool or a foamed resin type heat insulating material such as polyethylene foam is attached to the lower surface of the first floor has been performed.

  In addition, in order to prevent the decay due to moisture and improve the durability of the house, cover the ground surface inside the fabric foundation with moisture-proof concrete, and ventilate the underfloor space by providing a ventilation opening, etc. Things have been done. Such a moisture-proof construction method has been spread mainly in cold regions where the ventilation openings are closed for a long time in winter to prevent snow and cold.

  However, when the floor insulation method and the moisture-proofing method are used together in a hot and humid temperate area, the outdoor air containing a lot of moisture at high temperature flows into the underfloor space in the summer, and this outside air flows into the underfloor space. Condensation may occur on the surface of a member such as a joist or the heat insulating material constituting the floor by contacting the lower surface of the floor that is lower in temperature than the outside air due to radiation from the ground surface.

  In the case where the heat insulating material is a fiber system such as glass wool, dew condensation occurs in the portion of the aluminum vapor-deposited polyethylene film that wraps the glass fiber layer. In addition, the aluminum vapor-deposited polyethylene film is provided with holes that allow water vapor to pass therethrough to prevent condensation, but in summer the water vapor can pass through these holes, causing condensation inside the insulation and reducing the heat insulation. There is. Furthermore, there is a risk that this moisture will cause the wooden floor components to decay. When the heat insulating material is a foamed resin system such as polystyrene foam, the heat insulating material itself does not absorb moisture, so that the heat insulating property is not lowered, but there is a possibility that the durability of the members constituting the floor is lowered by condensed water.

  On the other hand, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-032394 (Patent Document 1) discloses a technique of laying a humidity control layer on the ground under the floor in order to prevent condensation in the space under the floor.

JP 2001-032394 A

  However, when the humidity control layer is laid on the ground under the floor as shown in Patent Document 1, it functions as the humidity control layer when the air under the floor is stagnant. For outside air that contains a lot of moisture at a high temperature that passes through the space between the insulation layers, condensation occurs on the surface of the insulation layer immediately before the moisture conditioning layer absorbs moisture from the outside air. May not perform its function.

  In addition, when the humidity control layer is laid on the moisture-proof concrete, the moisture-control layer absorbs the moisture released from the concrete in a state where a large amount of moisture remains in the moisture-proof concrete soon after the moisture-proof concrete is placed. And may not contribute to the absorption of moisture in the air. Further, when the humidity control layer is laid on moisture-proof concrete, there is a problem that moisture release of the concrete is hindered by the moisture control layer saturated with moisture, and the moisture release of the humidity control layer becomes extremely slow.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to provide an underfloor space in which moisture-proof concrete is placed on the floor base plate surface in the foundation of the building and a heat insulation layer is provided on the first floor. We do not provide a building under-floor humidity control structure that effectively regulates humidity and does not cause condensation in the under-floor space even when outside air containing a lot of moisture at a high temperature flows from the ventilation opening provided on the outer periphery of the fabric foundation. It is what.

In order to achieve the above object, a first configuration of the underfloor humidity control structure of the building according to the present invention is such that moisture-proof concrete is placed on the floor base plate surface in the foundation of the building, and a heat insulating layer is formed on the first floor portion above it. In the underfloor humidity control structure of a building that ventilates the space under the first floor by the inflow and outflow of outside air from the ventilation port provided on the outer periphery of the fabric foundation, the bottom layer of the first floor has a porous structure. A wet surface material is disposed , and the structure material of the first floor is provided on the humidity control surface material, or the humidity control surface material also serves as the structure material of the first floor, the humidity control surface The entire lower part of the first floor is covered with a material.

Moreover, the 2nd structure of the underfloor humidity control structure of the building which concerns on this invention is the said 1st structure. WHEREIN: The edge part of the said humidity control surface material is supported on the foundation beam which forms the said foundation. It is characterized by .

Moreover, the 3rd structure of the underfloor humidity control structure of the building which concerns on this invention is a joist provided in predetermined pitch in the said 1st, 2nd structure, Comprising: Between these joists A heat insulating material is provided .

According to a fourth configuration of the underfloor humidity control structure for a building according to the present invention, the humidity control face material is a lightweight cellular concrete panel reinforced with a reinforcing bar or a lath net in the first and second configurations. It is characterized by being.

  According to the first configuration of the underfloor humidity control structure of a building according to the present invention, in the underfloor space in which moisture-proof concrete is placed on the floor base plate surface in the foundation of the building and the heat insulation layer is provided on the first floor portion above it. Even when high-temperature, high-humidity outside air flows from the ventilation openings provided on the outer periphery of the fabric foundation, the position is spaced apart from the moisture-proof concrete by the porous humidity-controlling material placed at the bottom of the first floor Therefore, it is possible to effectively control the humidity and prevent condensation in the space under the floor, so that the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation layer on the first floor can be maintained and the durability of the building can be improved.

  Moreover, since the porous humidity control surface material does not directly absorb the moisture released from the moisture-proof concrete, the humidity control function of the outside air can be maintained. In addition, a porous humidity control surface material that can hold at least its own weight with screws, nails or the like can be easily attached to the lowermost layer of the first floor portion with the joist or the like of the first floor portion as a base material.

  Further, since the upper surface of the moisture-proof concrete is open, the excess moisture of the moisture-proof concrete is released in a short period of time, and moisture retention due to moisture of the moisture-proof concrete is unlikely to occur.

Moreover, according to the 4th structure of the underfloor humidity control structure of the building which concerns on this invention, a floor finishing material or a floor humidity control surface material is comprised by comprising a porous humidity-control surface material with the lightweight cellular concrete panel reinforced with the reinforcing bar or the lath net. It can bear the load of the heat insulating material and the load on the floor, and can also be used as a flooring material or a base material for the heat insulating material. In addition, safety can be improved against an increase in weight during moisture absorption.

  Moreover, since it is comprised with the inorganic material, even if the state containing moisture continues, it does not decay or the intensity | strength falls remarkably, and durability is high.

  An embodiment of the underfloor humidity control structure of a building according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

  First, a first embodiment of a building underfloor humidity control structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing the configuration of the first embodiment of the underfloor humidity control structure of a building according to the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, moisture-proof concrete 2 is placed on a floor base board surface 1 in the foundation of a building, and a heat insulating layer made of a heat insulating material 4 is provided on a first floor portion 3 thereon. As the moisture-proof concrete 2, a concrete having a thickness of about 60 mm or more or a combination of a moisture-proof sheet such as a polyethylene film having a thickness of about 0.1 mm and concrete is used.

  The heat insulating material 4 is made of a fiber heat insulating material such as glass wool having a low compressive strength, or a foamed heat insulating material such as polyethylene foam, and is arranged at a predetermined pitch so as not to receive a load from the floor base material 5. The floor base material 5 placed on and supported by the joist 6 is fitted into a space formed between the joist 6.

  On the lower surface of the joist 6 that supports the floor base material 5, a porous humidity control face material 7 is fixed to the joist 6 with screws or nails, and the humidity control face material 7 is provided on the bottom layer of the first floor 3. Be placed. Here, humidity adjustment is to adjust the humidity in the first floor underfloor space 8 by absorbing or releasing moisture.

  The humidity control surface material 7 is formed of a plate-shaped surface material so as to have at least a strength capable of supporting its own weight when attached to the joist 6, and from the ventilation port 10 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the fabric foundation 9. In the underfloor humidity control structure that ventilates the first floor underfloor space 8 by the inflow and outflow of outside air, the humidity control surface material 7 has a strength capable of supporting its own weight including the weight of moisture that can be absorbed from the outside air flowing in from the vent 10. Configured.

  The porous humidity control surface material 7 can be composed of a lightweight cellular concrete panel “hereinafter referred to as“ ALC panel ”) reinforced with reinforcing bars and lath nets. The thickness of the ALC panel is preferably 30 mm or more and 150 mm or less. As the porous humidity control surface material 7, a zeolite panel and a diatomaceous earth panel can be applied in addition to the ALC panel.

  Here, zeolite (zeolite) is a mineral made by solidifying volcanic rock, and is a porous ore composed mainly of aluminum silicate in which silicon (Si) and aluminum (Al) are bonded through oxygen (O). Firing and producing a zeolite panel.

  Diatomaceous earth is a clay-like mud made of algae (plankton) carcasses deposited on the seabed or lake for many years, and this is fired to produce diatomaceous earth panels. Diatomaceous earth is mainly composed of silica shell mainly composed of silicic acid (glassy), and its feature is super porous and countless fine pores (0.1 μm to 0.2 μm) several thousand times that of charcoal. The superporous structure has a large surface area and can exhibit excellent functions such as water absorption.

When an ALC panel is used as the porous humidity control surface material 7, the ALC panel has a water content of about 10% to 27% which varies depending on water absorption of 5 kg / m ² (corresponding to a water level of about 5 mm). Therefore, the strength can be prevented from being lowered, and it is possible to perform the launch construction with screws or nails from the bottom of the joist 6.

  In this embodiment, since the humidity control surface material 7 is the structure which covers the lower whole surface of all the members which comprise the 1st floor parts 3, such as the heat insulating material 4 and the joist 6, etc., the structural member of the 1st floor parts 3 is protected from dew condensation. Therefore, it is not necessary to apply a rust-proofing treatment resistant to condensation or to select a special material, and it is possible to maintain the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating layer of the first floor 3 and improve the durability of the building.

  Moreover, the humidity control surface material 7 is arrange | positioned in the lowest layer of the 1st-floor floor part 3, is spaced apart from the moisture-proof concrete 2 on the floor base board surface 1, and the up-down direction of this moisture-proof concrete 2 and the humidity control surface material 7 (FIG. Since the ventilation port 10 is provided between the vertical direction (1), it is possible to prevent the initial moisture absorption by placing the moisture-proof concrete 2 and to quickly remove the moisture after water absorption. In addition, durability can be ensured because there is no problem in strength against the increase in weight when absorbing moisture. In the figure, 11 is a floor finish and 12 is an outer wall.

  Next, 2nd Embodiment of the underfloor humidity control structure of the building based on this invention is described using FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing the configuration of the second embodiment of the underfloor humidity control structure of a building according to the present invention. In addition, what was comprised similarly to the said 1st Embodiment attaches | subjects the same code | symbol, and abbreviate | omits description.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, both ends of the humidity control surface material 7 made of a reinforced ALC panel are supported by basic beams such as reinforced concrete or a rust-proof steel beam, and the humidity control surface A heat insulating material 4 with high compressive strength is placed on the upper surface of the face material 7 to form a heat insulating layer, and a floor finishing material 11 such as a flooring material is laid on the upper surface of the heat insulating material 4. Also in the present embodiment, the humidity control surface material 7 is disposed in the lowermost layer of the first floor portion 3.

  When the humidity control surface material 7 made of ALC panel reinforced with reinforcing bars has a thickness of 100 mm or more, it can bear a load as a base material of a living floor, and when the heat insulating material 4 is constructed on the humidity control surface material 7 Can also serve as a base material. As the heat insulating material 4, those having high compressive strength such as polystyrene foam and phenol foam can be employed. In this embodiment, a polystyrene foam or a phenol foam having a compressive strength of 17 N or more is used as the heat insulating material 4. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same effects can be obtained.

  As an example of use of the present invention, moisture-proof concrete is placed on the floor baseboard surface in the foundation of a building, a heat insulation layer is provided on the first floor, and the outside air from the ventilation opening provided on the outer periphery of the fabric foundation It can be applied to the underfloor humidity control structure of a building that ventilates the first floor underfloor space by inflow and outflow.

It is a section explanatory view showing composition of a 1st embodiment of an underfloor humidity control structure of a building concerning the present invention. It is sectional explanatory drawing which shows the structure of 2nd Embodiment of the underfloor humidity control structure of the building which concerns on this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Floor base board surface 2 ... Moisture-proof concrete 3 ... First floor part 4 ... Insulation material 5 ... Floor base material 6 ... Neta 7 ... Humidity control surface material 8 ... First floor under floor space 9 ... Cloth foundation
10… Ventilation opening
11 ... Floor finish
12 ... Outer wall

Claims (4)

Moisture-proof concrete is placed on the floor baseboard surface in the foundation of the building, and there is a heat insulation layer on the first floor, and the first floor under the floor by the inflow and outflow of outside air from the ventilation openings provided on the outer periphery of the fabric foundation In the underfloor humidity control structure of the building that ventilates the space,
A porous humidity control surface material is disposed in the lowermost layer of the first floor portion, and the structural material of the first floor portion is provided above the humidity control surface material, or the humidity control surface material is the 1 The underfloor humidity control structure of a building, which also serves as a structural material of a floor portion, and the entire lower surface of the first floor portion is covered with the humidity control surface material. 2. The underfloor humidity control structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein an end portion of the humidity control surface material is supported on a foundation beam forming the foundation . The underfloor humidity control structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the structural material is a joist provided at a predetermined pitch, and a heat insulating material is provided between the joists . It said timing Shimemenzai is underfloor humidity the building structure according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that it is constituted by a lightweight cellular concrete panel reinforced with rebar or lath.

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