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JP4807246B2 - Gas solubility prediction method, flow analysis method and program for foamable resin - Google Patents
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JP4807246B2 - Gas solubility prediction method, flow analysis method and program for foamable resin - Google Patents

Gas solubility prediction method, flow analysis method and program for foamable resin Download PDF

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JP4807246B2
JP4807246B2 JP2006335141A JP2006335141A JP4807246B2 JP 4807246 B2 JP4807246 B2 JP 4807246B2 JP 2006335141 A JP2006335141 A JP 2006335141A JP 2006335141 A JP2006335141 A JP 2006335141A JP 4807246 B2 JP4807246 B2 JP 4807246B2
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foamable resin
resin
solubility
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JP2008143111A (en
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誠 吉永
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Description

本発明は、発泡射出成形加工に関し、金型内における発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度の予測技術、並びに、この発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度予測技術を用いた発泡性樹脂の流動解析技術に関する。   The present invention relates to a foam injection molding process, and relates to a technology for predicting gas solubility of a foamable resin in a mold, and a flow analysis technology for a foamable resin using the technology for predicting gas solubility of a foamable resin.

発泡剤又は気体を添加した原料樹脂を射出成形して、発泡体である成形品を得る発泡射出成形法が知られている。このような発泡射出成形法は、外観が良好で内部のみ発泡した成形品が得られることを特徴とするものである。
例えば、発泡射出成形法の一手法であるUSM法は、発泡剤又は気体を含む原料樹脂を金型内のキャビティに射出して充填したのち、該キャビティの一部を拡大させて発泡させる方法である。
A foam injection molding method is known in which a raw material resin to which a foaming agent or gas is added is injection-molded to obtain a molded product that is a foam. Such a foam injection molding method is characterized in that a molded product having a good appearance and foamed only inside is obtained.
For example, the USM method, which is one of the foam injection molding methods, is a method in which a foaming agent or a gas-containing raw material resin is injected into a cavity in a mold, and then a part of the cavity is expanded and foamed. is there.

従来、射出成形においては、実際に成形金型を製作し、この金型を射出成形機に装着して樹脂成形品を製作する前の段階で、コンピュータを用いたシミュレーションにより成形品の品質予測を行う、計算機援用エンジニアリング(CAE)解析手法が提案されている。例えば、特許文献1においては、CAE解析手法を用いて、射出成形品の品質をシミュレーションの段階で予測する方法が提案されている。
このようなCAE解析手法は、先ず、計算機援用設計(CAD)システムにより作成された最終的な樹脂成形品に対応する成形品モデルデータに対して、ゲート、ランナ等の金型構成用素の付帯条件を付加してCAE解析用の有限要素からなる成形品有限要素モデルデータを作成し、次いで、作成した成形品有限要素モデルデータにより射出成形における金型内の溶湯の流れや凝固状態をシミュレーションするCAE解析を行い、所望の成形品形状が得られる金型形状及び成形条件(射出成形機に設定するための温度や圧力等のプロファイル等)を決定するものである。
Conventionally, in injection molding, a mold is actually manufactured, and the quality of the molded product is predicted by simulation using a computer before the mold is mounted on an injection molding machine and a resin molded product is manufactured. Computer-aided engineering (CAE) analysis techniques have been proposed. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a method for predicting the quality of an injection molded product at the stage of simulation using a CAE analysis method.
Such a CAE analysis method is based on the fact that the mold model data corresponding to the final resin molded product created by the computer aided design (CAD) system is attached to the die component elements such as the gate and runner. Create a finite element model data of a molded product composed of finite elements for CAE analysis by adding conditions, and then simulate the flow and solidification state of the melt in the mold in injection molding using the created finite element model data of the molded product CAE analysis is performed to determine the mold shape and molding conditions (profiles such as temperature and pressure to be set in the injection molding machine) for obtaining a desired molded product shape.

ところが、発泡射出成形では、上記のような射出成形とは異なり、成形工程にて発泡剤又は気体による発泡があるため、射出成形と同様の手法では、金型内の溶湯の流れや凝固状態を正確にシミュレーションすることができない。つまり、発泡射出成形では、発泡剤又は気体による発泡があるため、溶湯である樹脂に溶解しているガスの量は、金型内に射出されてから減少し、これに起因して樹脂の粘度が成形中に変化するのである。従って、樹脂のガス溶解度の変化を把握せずに、発泡射出成形における樹脂の流動解析を正確に行うことは困難である。   However, in the foam injection molding, unlike the injection molding as described above, since there is foaming by a foaming agent or gas in the molding process, the flow of the molten metal in the mold and the solidified state are controlled by the same method as the injection molding. It cannot be simulated accurately. In other words, in the foam injection molding, since there is foaming due to a foaming agent or gas, the amount of gas dissolved in the molten resin decreases after being injected into the mold, resulting in the viscosity of the resin Changes during molding. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately analyze the flow of the resin in the foam injection molding without grasping the change in the gas solubility of the resin.

一般に、樹脂のガス溶解度は、ヘンリーの法則を用いて予測することができる。ヘンリーの法則とは、温度一定の条件下における気体成分の溶解度は,気相中の前記気体成分の分圧に比例するというものである。この法則が十分によく成立するのは,気相の圧力があまり高くなく、気体が理想気体の法則を少なくとも近似的に満足し、かつ気体の溶解度があまり大きくなく、溶液が十分に希薄な場合である。いいかえれば、気相や溶液相の性質が理想的であるほどヘンリーの法則が厳密に成立する。   In general, the gas solubility of a resin can be predicted using Henry's law. Henry's law is that the solubility of a gas component under a constant temperature condition is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas component in the gas phase. This law holds sufficiently well when the pressure in the gas phase is not very high, the gas at least approximately satisfies the ideal gas law, and the solubility of the gas is not so great that the solution is sufficiently dilute. It is. In other words, Henry's law is strictly established as the properties of the gas phase and solution phase are ideal.

実験的に行われる溶解度測定では、長時間(2時間〜12時間程度)をかけてガスを樹脂(溶液)に飽和させたうえで溶解度を測定する。これに対し、発泡射出成形では、金型内にガスが溶解している樹脂を充填し降圧させるが、これに要する時間は1〜2分程度であってガスの溶解が平衡状態となる前に成形が終了してしまう。つまり、発泡射出成形の流動解析において、ヘンリーの法則をそのまま適用させて樹脂のガス溶解度を算出すると、実際の樹脂の湯流れの状態から大幅なズレが生じてしまうのである。
特開平10−138310号公報
In the solubility measurement performed experimentally, the solubility is measured after saturating the gas in the resin (solution) over a long period of time (about 2 to 12 hours). In contrast, in foam injection molding, the resin in which the gas is dissolved is filled in the mold and the pressure is lowered, but the time required for this is about 1 to 2 minutes, and before the gas dissolution is in an equilibrium state Molding ends. That is, in the flow analysis of foam injection molding, if Henry's law is applied as it is and the gas solubility of the resin is calculated, there will be a significant deviation from the actual state of the molten resin flow.
JP-A-10-138310

そこで本発明では、発泡剤又は気体を添加した原料樹脂(発泡性樹脂)を金型内へ射出して、発泡体である成形品を得る発泡射出成形法を用いた成形加工において、成形品や成形金型の設計段階で、金型内に射出される発泡性樹脂の流体解析を行うために最適な発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度を予測する技術と、この技術を採用したより正確な発泡性樹脂の流動を解析する技術とを提案する。   Therefore, in the present invention, in a molding process using a foam injection molding method in which a raw material resin (foamable resin) to which a foaming agent or gas is added is injected into a mold to obtain a molded product that is a foam, A technology that predicts the optimal gas solubility of the foamable resin for fluid analysis of the foamable resin injected into the mold at the design stage of the molding die, and a more accurate foamable resin using this technology We propose a technique to analyze the flow of the water.

本発明の解決しようとする課題は以上の如くであり、次にこの課題を解決するための手段を説明する。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.

即ち、請求項1においては、発泡剤又は気体を添加した発泡性樹脂を金型内へ射出して、発泡体である成形品を得る発泡射出成形加工における、前記発泡性樹脂内へのガス溶解度を予測する方法であって、発泡性樹脂及び該発泡性樹脂に溶解しているガスの関係により定まる発泡性樹脂の温度の関数と、発泡性樹脂の圧力と、発泡性樹脂が金型内へ射出されてからの溶解度の時間変化を表現するための変数とを用いて、発泡性樹脂内へのガス溶解度を求めるものである。   That is, in Claim 1, the gas solubility in the foamable resin in the foam injection molding process in which a foamable resin added with a foaming agent or gas is injected into a mold to obtain a molded article that is a foam. The function of the temperature of the expandable resin determined by the relationship between the expandable resin and the gas dissolved in the expandable resin, the pressure of the expandable resin, and the expandable resin into the mold The gas solubility in the foamable resin is obtained by using a variable for expressing the time change of the solubility after being injected.

請求項2においては、発泡剤又は気体を添加した発泡性樹脂を金型内へ射出して、発泡体である成形品を得る発泡射出成形加工における、前記発泡性樹脂内へのガス溶解度を予測する方法であって、前記金型内へ射出された発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度を、溶解度式(I):C=α(t)×A(T)×P+β(t)[前記溶解度式(I)中、Cは発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度、tは発泡性樹脂が金型内に射出されてからの時間、Tは発泡性樹脂の温度、Pは発泡性樹脂の圧力、α(t)は時間tの関数、A(T)は発泡性樹脂及び該発泡性樹脂に溶解しているガスの関係により定まる温度Tの関数、β(t)は時間tの関数を表す]を用いて求めるものである。   In Claim 2, the foaming resin which added the foaming agent or gas is inject | poured in a metal mold | die, and the gas solubility in the said foaming resin in the foam injection molding process which obtains the molded article which is a foam is estimated The gas solubility of the foamable resin injected into the mold is expressed by a solubility formula (I): C = α (t) × A (T) × P + β (t) [the solubility formula (I ), C is the gas solubility of the foamable resin, t is the time after the foamable resin is injected into the mold, T is the temperature of the foamable resin, P is the pressure of the foamable resin, and α (t) is A function of time t, A (T) is a function of temperature T determined by the relationship between the foamable resin and the gas dissolved in the foamable resin, and β (t) represents a function of time t] It is.

請求項3においては、前記溶解度式(I)において、α(t)は、時間tの経過に伴って増大し、1に近づく変数であるものである。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the solubility formula (I), α (t) is a variable that increases with time t and approaches 1.

請求項4においては、前記溶解度式(I)において、β(t)は、時間tの経過に伴って減少し、ゼロに近づく変数であるものである。   In the fourth aspect, in the solubility formula (I), β (t) is a variable that decreases with time t and approaches zero.

請求項5においては、発泡剤又は気体を添加した発泡性樹脂を金型内へ射出して、発泡体である成形品を得る発泡射出成形加工を評価するためにCAEシステムにて行われる発泡性樹脂の流動解析方法であって、請求項2〜請求項4の何れか一項に記載の溶解度式(I)にて求めたガス溶解度を用いて発泡性樹脂の粘度を算出し、算出した発泡性樹脂の粘度を成形条件として採用するものである。   In claim 5, foaming performed in a CAE system to evaluate foaming injection molding processing in which a foaming resin or a foaming resin added with gas is injected into a mold to obtain a molded article that is a foam. A resin flow analysis method, wherein the viscosity of a foamable resin is calculated using the gas solubility determined by the solubility formula (I) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, and the calculated foaming The viscosity of the conductive resin is adopted as the molding condition.

請求項6においては、発泡射出成形装置にて発泡剤又は気体を添加した発泡性樹脂を金型内へ射出して、発泡体である成形品を得る発泡射出成形加工を、評価するためのCAEシステムにて行われる発泡性樹脂の流動解析方法であって、成形品に対応する成形品モデルデータを取得するステップと、前記成形品モデルデータに金型構成要素の付帯条件を付与した成形品有限要素モデルデータを作成するステップと、前記成形品有限要素モデルデータに、予め設定される発泡性樹脂の粘度を少なくとも含む成形条件データと、発泡射出成形装置の性能データとを付与して、発泡性樹脂の流動解析を行うステップと、前記発泡性樹脂の流動解析にて得られた発泡性樹脂の温度及び圧力と、請求項2〜請求項4の何れか一項に記載の溶解度式(I)とにより求めたガス溶解度を用いて、発泡性樹脂の粘度を算出するステップと、算出した発泡性樹脂の粘度を成形条件として採用して、発泡性樹脂の流動解析を行うステップとを、含むものである。   In claim 6, a CAE for evaluating a foam injection molding process for injecting a foamable resin added with a foaming agent or gas into a mold by a foam injection molding apparatus to obtain a molded product as a foam. A flow analysis method for a foamable resin performed in a system, a step of obtaining a molded product model data corresponding to a molded product, and a molded product limited to which an additional condition of a mold component is added to the molded product model data The step of creating element model data, the molding condition data including at least the viscosity of the foamable resin set in advance and the performance data of the foam injection molding apparatus are given to the molded product finite element model data, and the foamability The step of performing the flow analysis of the resin, the temperature and pressure of the foamable resin obtained by the flow analysis of the foamable resin, and the solubility formula (I) according to any one of claims 2 to 4. Using gas solubility obtained by the steps of calculating the viscosity of the foamable resin, employ viscosity calculated foamable resin as a molding condition, and performing a flow analysis of the foamable resin, it is intended to include.

請求項7においては、発泡射出成形装置にて発泡剤又は気体を添加した発泡性樹脂を金型内へ射出して、発泡体である成形品を得る発泡射出成形加工を、評価するためのCAEシステムに、成形品に対応する成形品モデルデータを取得する処理と、前記成形品モデルデータに金型構成要素の付帯条件を付与した成形品有限要素モデルデータを作成する処理と、前記成形品有限要素モデルデータに、発泡性樹脂の粘度を少なくとも含む成形条件データと、発泡射出成形装置の性能データとを付与して、発泡性樹脂の流動解析を行う処理と、前記発泡性樹脂の流動解析にて得られた発泡性樹脂の温度及び圧力と、請求項2〜請求項4の何れか一項に記載の溶解度式(I)とより求めたガス溶解度を用いて、発泡性樹脂の粘度を算出する処理と、算出した発泡性樹脂の粘度を成形条件として採用して、発泡性樹脂の流動解析を行う処理とを、実行させるものである。   [Claim 7] A CAE for evaluating a foam injection molding process for injecting a foamable resin added with a foaming agent or a gas into a mold by a foam injection molding apparatus to obtain a molded product as a foam. A process for acquiring molded product model data corresponding to a molded product in the system, a process of creating molded product finite element model data in which an accessory condition of a mold component is added to the molded product model data, and the molded product finite For processing to perform flow analysis of the foamable resin by adding molding condition data including at least the viscosity of the foamable resin and performance data of the foam injection molding device to the element model data, and for flow analysis of the foamable resin The viscosity of the foamable resin is calculated using the temperature and pressure of the foamable resin obtained as described above, and the gas solubility obtained from the solubility formula (I) according to any one of claims 2 to 4. Processing and calculation The viscosity of the foamable resin has been adopted as molding conditions, and a process for flow analysis of the foamable resin is one to be executed.

本発明の効果として、以下に示すような効果を奏する。   As effects of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

本発明によれば、発泡射出成形において、発泡剤又は気体を添加した原料樹脂(発泡性樹脂)の流動解析を行うに際して、樹脂のガス溶解度をより正確に、比較的単純な計算で予測することができる。
また、前記樹脂のガス溶解度の予測方法を採用することにて樹脂のガス溶解度をより正確に求めるので、より精度の高い発泡樹脂の流動解析を行うことができる。
According to the present invention, in foam injection molding, when performing flow analysis of a raw material resin (foamable resin) to which a foaming agent or gas is added, the gas solubility of the resin is predicted more accurately and with a relatively simple calculation. Can do.
In addition, since the gas solubility of the resin is obtained more accurately by adopting the method for predicting the gas solubility of the resin, the flow analysis of the foamed resin can be performed with higher accuracy.

次に、発明の実施の形態を説明する。
図1は本発明の一実施例に係る発泡射出成形シミュレーション方法の流れ図、図2は発泡性樹脂の粘度とせん断速度との関係を示す図、図3はヘンリーの法則に基づく樹脂のガス溶解度を示す図、図4は本実施例に係る修正溶解度式に基づく樹脂のガス溶解度を示す図、図5は溶解度低下第一変数αと時間の関係を示す図、図6は溶解度低下第二変数βと時間の関係を示す図である。
Next, embodiments of the invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a foam injection molding simulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the viscosity of a foamable resin and the shear rate, and FIG. 3 is a graph showing the resin gas solubility based on Henry's law. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the gas solubility of the resin based on the modified solubility equation according to the present embodiment, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the solubility lowering first variable α and time, and FIG. It is a figure which shows the relationship between time.

本発明は、発泡剤又は気体を添加した原料樹脂(以下、「発泡性樹脂」と記載する。)を金型内へ射出して、発泡体である成形品を得る発泡射出成形法を用いた成形加工において、成形品や成形金型の設計段階で、金型内に射出される発泡性樹脂(溶湯)の流れを予測する流体解析を行うための技術である。   The present invention uses a foam injection molding method in which a raw material resin to which a foaming agent or gas is added (hereinafter referred to as “foamable resin”) is injected into a mold to obtain a molded product as a foam. This is a technique for performing fluid analysis that predicts the flow of foamable resin (molten metal) injected into a mold at the design stage of a molded product or a mold in the molding process.

一般に、発泡射出成形加工に用いる成形金型を作成する際には、計算機援用設計システム(CADシステム)による設計と、計算機援用エンジニアリングシステム(CAEシステム)による評価とが行われる。
前記CAEシステムには、発泡射出成形シミュレーションを行うために必要となる発泡射出成形の成形条件データが予め設定される。この成形条件データには、『発泡性樹脂の粘度η』が含まれる。この発泡性樹脂の粘度ηは、下記[数1]に示す粘度式を用いて算出することができる。
In general, when creating a molding die used for foam injection molding, a design by a computer-aided design system (CAD system) and an evaluation by a computer-aided engineering system (CAE system) are performed.
In the CAE system, molding condition data for foam injection molding necessary for performing foam injection molding simulation is preset. This molding condition data includes “viscosity η of foamable resin”. The viscosity η of this foamable resin can be calculated using the viscosity formula shown in [Formula 1] below.

Figure 0004807246
Figure 0004807246

発泡射出成形では、溶湯である発泡性樹脂が金型内に射出されると樹脂圧力Pが低下して、該発泡性樹脂に含まれるガス(例えば、二酸化炭素ガス)の量が減少し、これに起因して発泡性樹脂の粘度が変化する。発泡性樹脂は、その粘度ηが大きければ流動速度が小さく、粘度ηが小さければ流動速度が大きいことから、流動解析においては、発泡性樹脂の粘度ηは重要な要素の一つであり、発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度Cを無視することはできない。
図2では、発泡性樹脂の粘度ηをせん断速度の関数として表したものを、異なる二つのガス溶解度Cの発泡性樹脂について示しており、発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度Cが低いほど、せん断速度が速いことがわかる。
In foam injection molding, when a foamable resin, which is a molten metal, is injected into a mold, the resin pressure P decreases, and the amount of gas (for example, carbon dioxide gas) contained in the foamable resin decreases. Due to this, the viscosity of the foamable resin changes. The foaming resin has a low flow rate when the viscosity η is large, and a large flow rate when the viscosity η is small. Therefore, in the flow analysis, the viscosity η of the foaming resin is one of the important factors. The gas solubility C of the conductive resin cannot be ignored.
In FIG. 2, the viscosity η of the foamable resin expressed as a function of the shear rate is shown for two different foamable resins with gas solubility C. The lower the gas solubility C of the foamable resin, the lower the shear rate. I understand that it is fast.

通常、液体への気体の溶解度は、ヘンリーの法則に基づいて算出することができる。つまり、発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度Cは、ヘンリーの法則に基づく溶解度式(下記[数2])を用いて算出することができる。   Usually, the solubility of a gas in a liquid can be calculated based on Henry's law. That is, the gas solubility C of the foamable resin can be calculated by using a solubility equation based on Henry's law (the following [Equation 2]).

Figure 0004807246
Figure 0004807246

なお、[数2]中、Cは発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度、Tは発泡性樹脂の温度、Pは発泡性樹脂の圧力、A(T)は発泡性樹脂及び該発泡性樹脂に溶解しているガスの関係により定まる温度Tの関数(ヘンリー係数)を表す。   In [Expression 2], C is the gas solubility of the foamable resin, T is the temperature of the foamable resin, P is the pressure of the foamable resin, and A (T) is dissolved in the foamable resin and the foamable resin. This represents a function (Henry coefficient) of temperature T determined by the relationship of the gases present.

発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度Cと樹脂圧力Pとの関係は、実験的に長時間(2時間〜12時間程度)をかけてガスを樹脂に十分に飽和させたうえで測定すると、例えば図3に示されるような一次直線に近似される。これは、[数2]に示すヘンリーの法則に基づく溶解度式によくあてはまる。
以下、例えば図3に示されるような、ヘンリーの法則に基づく発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度Cと樹脂圧力との関係を示す線を、「ヘンリーの法則に基づく溶解度線」と記載する。
このヘンリーの法則に基づく溶解度線は、原点を通る直線であって、樹脂圧力Pが大きくなるほど発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度Cは増大する。また、ヘンリーの法則に基づく溶解度線は、樹脂温度Tが低いほど、前記直線の傾きは小さい。
The relationship between the gas solubility C of the foamable resin and the resin pressure P is measured when the gas is sufficiently saturated in the resin over a long period of time (about 2 to 12 hours), for example, as shown in FIG. It approximates to a linear line as shown. This applies well to the solubility formula based on Henry's law shown in [Equation 2].
Hereinafter, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a line indicating the relationship between the gas solubility C of the foamable resin based on Henry's law and the resin pressure is referred to as a “solubility line based on Henry's law”.
The solubility line based on Henry's law is a straight line passing through the origin, and the gas solubility C of the foamable resin increases as the resin pressure P increases. Further, the solubility line based on Henry's law has a smaller slope of the straight line as the resin temperature T is lower.

しかし、発泡射出成形においては、(1)金型内に発泡性樹脂が射出されて樹脂圧力が低下することによって、予め発泡性樹脂に溶解しているガスが、該発泡性樹脂から放出されるのものであること、(2)発泡性樹脂が金型内に射出され充填されてから型開きされるまでの時間が僅か数分程度であり、この僅かな時間に発泡性樹脂への気体の溶解が平衡に達することは難しいこと、(3)一気にガスが発泡性樹脂から放出されるものでないこと、の理由から、上記[数2]に示すヘンリーの法則に基づく溶解度式を用いて算出されたガス溶解度と実際のガス溶解度との差異は、正確なシミュレーションを行うことが困難な程度に、大きいものとなる。   However, in the foam injection molding, (1) when the foamable resin is injected into the mold and the resin pressure is lowered, the gas previously dissolved in the foamable resin is released from the foamable resin. (2) The time from the injection and filling of the foamable resin into the mold until the mold is opened is only a few minutes, and during this short period of time the gas to the foamable resin It is calculated using the solubility equation based on Henry's law shown in [Equation 2] because it is difficult to reach equilibrium and (3) gas is not released from the foamable resin at once. The difference between the gas solubility and the actual gas solubility is so large that it is difficult to perform an accurate simulation.

そこで、本発明では、発泡射出成形における発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度Cを、下記[数3]で示される発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度Cの式(以下、「修正溶解度式」と記載する。)を用いて算出することを特徴としている。
つまり、[数2]に示すヘンリーの法則に基づく溶解度式に、発泡性樹脂が金型内へ射出されてからの溶解度の時間変化を表現するための変数を加味して、金型内における発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度Cを予測するのである。従って、修正溶解度式は、発泡性樹脂及び該発泡性樹脂に溶解しているガスの関係により定まる発泡性樹脂の温度Tの関数A(T)と、発泡性樹脂の圧力Pと、発泡性樹脂が金型内へ射出されてからの溶解度の時間変化を表現するための変数とを、含んで構成されることとなる。
なお、発泡性樹脂が金型内へ射出されたときに、樹脂圧力Pが低下し始め、発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度Cが変化を始めることとなる。
Therefore, in the present invention, the gas solubility C of the foamable resin in the foam injection molding is expressed by the following formula (Formula 3) of the gas solubility C of the foamable resin (hereinafter referred to as “corrected solubility formula”). It is characterized by using and calculating.
In other words, the foaming in the mold is added to the solubility formula based on Henry's law shown in [Equation 2], taking into account the variable for expressing the time change in solubility after the foamable resin is injected into the mold. The gas solubility C of the conductive resin is predicted. Therefore, the modified solubility equation is expressed by the function A (T) of the temperature T of the foamable resin determined by the relationship between the foamable resin and the gas dissolved in the foamable resin, the pressure P of the foamable resin, and the foamable resin. And a variable for expressing the change in solubility over time after being injected into the mold.
When the foamable resin is injected into the mold, the resin pressure P starts to decrease, and the gas solubility C of the foamable resin starts to change.

Figure 0004807246
Figure 0004807246

なお、[数3]中、Cは発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度、tは発泡性樹脂が金型内に射出されてからの時間、Tは発泡性樹脂の温度、Pは発泡性樹脂の圧力、α(t)は溶解度低下第一変数とする時間tの関数、A(T)は発泡性樹脂及び該発泡性樹脂に溶解しているガスの関係により定まる温度Tの関数(ヘンリー係数)、β(t)は溶解度低下第二変数とする時間tの関数を表す。   In [Equation 3], C is the gas solubility of the foamable resin, t is the time after the foamable resin is injected into the mold, T is the temperature of the foamable resin, P is the pressure of the foamable resin, α (t) is a function of time t as a first variable for decreasing solubility, A (T) is a function of temperature T (Henry coefficient) determined by the relationship between the foamable resin and the gas dissolved in the foamable resin, β (T) represents a function of time t as the second variable for solubility decrease.

前記溶解度低下第一変数α(t)は、例えば図5に示すように、時間tの経過に伴って増大し、1に近づく変数である。
また、前記溶解度低下第二変数β(t)は、例えば図6に示すように、時間tの経過に伴って減少し、ゼロに近づく変数である。
つまり、修正溶解度線は、時間tの経過に伴って、やがてヘンリーの法則に基づく溶解度線に近づくこととなる。
なお、前記溶解度低下第一変数α(t)、並びに、溶解度低下第二変数β(t)は、実験的に求められ、予めCAEシステムに設定される。
The solubility-decreasing first variable α (t) is a variable that increases with the passage of time t and approaches 1 as shown in FIG.
Further, the solubility-decreasing second variable β (t) is a variable that decreases with time t and approaches zero, as shown in FIG. 6, for example.
That is, the corrected solubility line eventually approaches the solubility line based on Henry's law as time t elapses.
The solubility-decreasing first variable α (t) and the solubility-decreasing second variable β (t) are experimentally determined and set in advance in the CAE system.

[数3]に示す修正溶解度式は、例えば図4に示される発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度Cと樹脂圧力Pとの関係を示す直線として表すことができる。以下、[数3]の修正溶解度式に基づく発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度Cと樹脂圧力Pとの関係を示す線を、「修正溶解度線」と記載する。
この修正溶解度線は、原点を通らない直線であって、樹脂圧力Pが大きくなるほど発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度Cは増大する。
また、この修正溶解度線は、樹脂温度Tが低いほど、直線の傾きは大きく、つまり、樹脂温度Tが低いほど多くのガスが発泡性樹脂に溶解する。
そして、同一の樹脂温度Tで比較すれば、ヘンリーの法則に基づく溶解度線の傾きよりも、修正溶解度線の傾きの方が小さい。
The modified solubility equation shown in [Equation 3] can be expressed as a straight line indicating the relationship between the gas solubility C of the foamable resin and the resin pressure P shown in FIG. Hereinafter, a line indicating the relationship between the gas solubility C of the foamable resin and the resin pressure P based on the corrected solubility equation of [Equation 3] is referred to as a “corrected solubility line”.
The corrected solubility line is a straight line that does not pass through the origin, and the gas solubility C of the foamable resin increases as the resin pressure P increases.
Further, the corrected solubility line has a larger slope of the straight line as the resin temperature T is lower. That is, as the resin temperature T is lower, more gas is dissolved in the foamable resin.
When compared at the same resin temperature T, the slope of the modified solubility line is smaller than the slope of the solubility line based on Henry's law.

次に、CAEシステムによる発泡性樹脂の流動解析方法について説明する。
この流動解析方法には、上述の修正溶解度式が採用される。
Next, the flow analysis method of the foamable resin by the CAE system will be described.
In this flow analysis method, the above-described modified solubility formula is adopted.

前記CAEシステムは、計算機援用エンジニアリング(Computer Aided Engineering)の技術にて、成形品有限要素モデルデータに基づいて発泡射出成形シミュレーションを行うための手段である。
前記CAEシステムは、電子計算機である汎用コンピュータに発泡射出成形CAE解析プログラムをインストールしたものであって、前記プログラム及びこれに使用されるパラメータ、並びにデータベースが格納された記憶部が備えられる。前記CAEシステムのデータベースには、金型の付帯条件データや、成形条件データや性能データ等が格納される。前記発泡射出成形のCAE解析プログラムには、発泡性樹脂の流動解析プログラム、凝固解析プログラム等のサブプログラムが含まれる。
なお、CAEシステムとして、発泡射出成形シミュレーションを行う専用装置を採用することもできる。
The CAE system is a means for performing a foam injection molding simulation based on molded product finite element model data by a computer aided engineering technique.
The CAE system is obtained by installing a foam injection molding CAE analysis program in a general-purpose computer that is an electronic computer, and includes a storage unit that stores the program, parameters used in the program, and a database. The database of the CAE system stores incidental condition data of molds, molding condition data, performance data, and the like. The CAE analysis program for foam injection molding includes subprograms such as a flow analysis program for a foamable resin and a coagulation analysis program.
In addition, as a CAE system, a dedicated device that performs foam injection molding simulation can also be employed.

CAEシステムには、CADシステムにより作成された成形品有限要素モデルデータに、成形条件を与えることにより、発泡射出成形シミュレーションを行う機能が備えられる。
本実施例においては、CAEシステムによる発泡射出成形シミュレーションに、発泡射出成形における金型内の発泡性樹脂の湯流れのシミュレーションが含まれる。この発泡射出成形シミュレーションを通じて、発泡性樹脂の流動解析が行われ、発泡性樹脂の流動パターンや、金型内に発泡性樹脂が充填されたときの発泡性樹脂の圧力(樹脂圧力P)、発泡性樹脂の温度(樹脂温度T)、及び、発泡性樹脂を発泡させる気体の樹脂への溶解度(ガス溶解度C)等が、算出される。
The CAE system has a function of performing a foam injection molding simulation by giving molding conditions to the molded product finite element model data created by the CAD system.
In the present embodiment, the foam injection molding simulation by the CAE system includes a simulation of the hot water flow of the foamable resin in the mold in the foam injection molding. Through the foam injection molding simulation, flow analysis of the foamable resin is performed. The flow pattern of the foamable resin, the pressure of the foamable resin when the foamable resin is filled in the mold (resin pressure P), and foaming The temperature of the conductive resin (resin temperature T), the solubility of the gas for foaming the foamable resin in the resin (gas solubility C), and the like are calculated.

先ず、図1に示すように、CADシステムにて作成された成形品モデルデータ(CADデータ)が、CAEシステムに供給される(S21)。前記成形品モデルデータとは、最終的な樹脂成形品の有限要素モデルデータである。
なお、前記CADシステムは、計算機援用設計(Computer Aided Design)の技術にて、有限要素モデルデータを作成するための手段であって、本実施例においてはCAEシステムに作成した成形品モデルデータを提供可能に構成される。
First, as shown in FIG. 1, the molded product model data (CAD data) created by the CAD system is supplied to the CAE system (S21). The molded product model data is finite element model data of a final resin molded product.
The CAD system is a means for creating finite element model data by a computer aided design technique, and in this embodiment, the model model data created in the CAE system is provided. Configured to be possible.

次いで、CAEシステムにて、前記成形品モデルデータに対して、ゲート、ランナ等の金型構成要素の付帯条件が付加されて、CAE解析用の有限要素からなる成形品有限要素モデルデータが作成される(S22)。   Next, in the CAE system, additional conditions for die components such as gates and runners are added to the molded product model data, and molded product finite element model data consisting of finite elements for CAE analysis is created. (S22).

続いて、同じくCAEシステムにて、前記成形品有限要素モデルデータに、金型温度、発泡性樹脂の射出速度、温度、粘度η、比熱、ガス圧力、体積などの、発泡性樹脂の仕様及び特性等を含む、成形条件データと、発泡射出成形装置の性能データとが付与されて(S23)、第一次発泡射出成形シミュレーション(CAE解析)が行われる(S24)。
前記成形条件データに含まれる「発泡性樹脂の粘度η」は、[数2]に示すヘンリーの法則に基づく溶解度式を用いて算出され、予めCAEシステムのデータベースに設定されたものである。
Subsequently, in the same CAE system, the specifications of the expandable resin such as the mold temperature, the injection speed of the expandable resin, the temperature, the viscosity η 0 , the specific heat, the gas pressure, and the volume are added to the molded product finite element model data. The molding condition data including the characteristics and the like and the performance data of the foam injection molding apparatus are given (S23), and the primary foam injection molding simulation (CAE analysis) is performed (S24).
The “viscosity η 0 of the expandable resin” included in the molding condition data is calculated using a solubility equation based on Henry's law shown in [Equation 2], and is set in advance in the CAE system database.

前記第一次発泡射出成形シミュレーションでは、発泡射出成形における金型内の発泡性樹脂の湯流れがシミュレーションされ、金型内の発泡性樹脂の流動解析が行われる。この第一次発泡射出成形シミュレーションでは、発泡性樹脂の流動パターンや、金型内に発泡性樹脂が充填されたときの発泡性樹脂の圧力(樹脂圧力P)、発泡性樹脂の温度(樹脂温度T)、及び、発泡性樹脂を発泡させる気体の樹脂への溶解度(ガス溶解度C)等が、算出される。 In the first foam injection molding simulation, the flow of the foamable resin in the mold in the foam injection molding is simulated, and the flow analysis of the foamable resin in the mold is performed. In this primary foam injection molding simulation, the flow pattern of the foamable resin, the pressure of the foamable resin when the foamable resin is filled in the mold (resin pressure P), the temperature of the foamable resin (resin temperature) T), the solubility of the gas for foaming the expandable resin in the resin (gas solubility C 0 ), and the like are calculated.

続いて、上記第一次発泡射出成形シミュレーションにて得られた樹脂温度T、樹脂圧力Pを[数3]の修正溶解度式に代入してガス溶解度Cが算出される。この算出されたガス溶解度Cと、樹脂温度Tと、せん断速度とを、[数1]の粘度式に代入して、粘度ηが算出される(S25)。 Subsequently, the gas solubility C 1 is calculated by substituting the resin temperature T and the resin pressure P obtained in the primary foam injection molding simulation into the modified solubility equation of [Equation 3]. Viscosity η 1 is calculated by substituting the calculated gas solubility C 1 , resin temperature T, and shear rate into the viscosity equation of [Equation 1] (S 25).

そして、算出された粘度ηが、前記第一次発泡射出成形シミュレーションにて用いられた成形条件データに含まれる粘度ηに置き換えられて、再度、発泡射出成形シミュレーション(第二次発泡射出成形シミュレーション)がCAEシステムにて行われる(S26)。
なお、前記成形品有限要素モデルデータに、金型温度、発泡性樹脂の射出速度、温度、算出した粘度η、比熱、ガス圧力、体積などの、発泡性樹脂の仕様及び特性等を含む、成形条件データと、発泡射出成形装置の性能データとを、再度付与して、第二次発泡射出成形シミュレーションを行う構成ともできる。
Then, the calculated viscosity η 1 is replaced with the viscosity η 0 included in the molding condition data used in the primary foam injection molding simulation, and again the foam injection molding simulation (secondary foam injection molding). Simulation) is performed in the CAE system (S26).
The molded product finite element model data includes specifications and characteristics of the foamable resin, such as mold temperature, foaming resin injection speed, temperature, calculated viscosity η 1 , specific heat, gas pressure, volume, etc. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the molding condition data and the performance data of the foam injection molding apparatus are given again to perform the secondary foam injection molding simulation.

前記CAEシステムによる第二次発泡射出成形シミュレーションでは、発泡性樹脂の流動解析、即ち発泡性樹脂の流動パターンの解析が行われ、発泡射出成形における金型内の発泡性樹脂の湯流れのシミュレーションが行われる。これに加え、金型内に充填された発泡性樹脂の凝固状態のシミュレーションを行う構成ともできる。
この第二次発泡射出成形シミュレーションの結果に基づいて、所望の成形品形状が得られる金型形状及び成形条件(射出成形機に設定するための温度や圧力等のプロファイル等)が決定される。
In the secondary foam injection molding simulation by the CAE system, flow analysis of the foamable resin, that is, analysis of the flow pattern of the foamable resin is performed, and simulation of the hot water flow of the foamable resin in the mold in the foam injection molding is performed. Done. In addition to this, it is possible to perform a simulation of the solidification state of the foamable resin filled in the mold.
Based on the result of the secondary foam injection molding simulation, a mold shape and a molding condition (a profile such as a temperature and pressure to be set in the injection molding machine) for obtaining a desired molded product shape are determined.

上述の通り、本実施例に係る発泡性樹脂の流動解析方法では、[数3]の修正溶解度式に基づいて発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度を算出するので、より正確に、比較的単純な計算で、発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度を予測することができる。また、このように算出された発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度を利用して算出した粘度を用いることによって、第二次発泡射出成形シミュレーションでは、より精度の高い発泡樹脂の流動解析を行うことができる。   As described above, in the flow analysis method of the foamable resin according to the present embodiment, the gas solubility of the foamable resin is calculated based on the modified solubility formula of [Equation 3]. The gas solubility of the foamable resin can be predicted. Further, by using the viscosity calculated using the gas solubility of the foamable resin thus calculated, the flow analysis of the foamed resin can be performed with higher accuracy in the secondary foam injection molding simulation.

本発明の一実施例に係る発泡射出成形シミュレーション方法の流れ図。The flowchart of the foam injection molding simulation method which concerns on one Example of this invention. 発泡性樹脂の粘度とせん断速度との関係を示す図。The figure which shows the relationship between the viscosity of a foamable resin, and a shear rate. ヘンリーの法則に基づく樹脂のガス溶解度を示す図。The figure which shows the gas solubility of resin based on Henry's law. 本実施例に係る修正溶解度式に基づく樹脂のガス溶解度を示す図。The figure which shows the gas solubility of resin based on the correction solubility formula which concerns on a present Example. 溶解度低下第一変数αと時間の関係を示す図。The figure which shows the relationship between solubility fall 1st variable (alpha) and time. 溶解度低下第二変数βと時間の関係を示す図。The figure which shows the relationship between solubility fall second variable (beta) and time.

Claims (7)

発泡剤又は気体を添加した発泡性樹脂を金型内へ射出して、発泡体である成形品を得る発泡射出成形加工における、前記発泡性樹脂内へのガス溶解度を予測する方法であって、
発泡性樹脂及び該発泡性樹脂に溶解しているガスの関係により定まる発泡性樹脂の温度の関数と、発泡性樹脂の圧力と、発泡性樹脂が金型内へ射出されてからの溶解度の時間変化を表現するための変数とを用いて、発泡性樹脂内へのガス溶解度を求めることを特徴とする、
ガス溶解度予測方法。
A method for predicting gas solubility in the foamable resin in a foam injection molding process in which a foamable resin or a gas-added foamable resin is injected into a mold to obtain a molded product that is a foam,
A function of the temperature of the foamable resin determined by the relationship between the foamable resin and the gas dissolved in the foamable resin, the pressure of the foamable resin, and the solubility time after the foamable resin is injected into the mold Using the variable for expressing the change and determining the gas solubility in the foamable resin,
Gas solubility prediction method.
発泡剤又は気体を添加した発泡性樹脂を金型内へ射出して、発泡体である成形品を得る発泡射出成形加工における、前記発泡性樹脂内へのガス溶解度を予測する方法であって、
前記金型内へ射出された発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度を、
溶解度式(I): C=α(t)×A(T)×P+β(t)
[前記溶解度式(I)中、Cは発泡性樹脂のガス溶解度、tは発泡性樹脂が金型内に射出されてからの時間、Tは発泡性樹脂の温度、Pは発泡性樹脂の圧力、α(t)は時間tの関数、A(T)は発泡性樹脂及び該発泡性樹脂に溶解しているガスの関係により定まる温度Tの関数、β(t)は時間tの関数を表す]
を用いて求めることを特徴とする、ガス溶解度予測方法。
A method for predicting gas solubility in the foamable resin in a foam injection molding process in which a foamable resin or a gas-added foamable resin is injected into a mold to obtain a molded product that is a foam,
Gas solubility of the foamable resin injected into the mold,
Solubility Formula (I): C = α (t) × A (T) × P + β (t)
[In the solubility formula (I), C is the gas solubility of the foamable resin, t is the time after the foamable resin is injected into the mold, T is the temperature of the foamable resin, and P is the pressure of the foamable resin. , Α (t) is a function of time t, A (T) is a function of temperature T determined by the relationship between the foamable resin and the gas dissolved in the foamable resin, and β (t) is a function of time t. ]
A method for predicting gas solubility, characterized by being obtained using
前記溶解度式(I)において、α(t)は、時間tの経過に伴って増大し、1に近づく変数であることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載のガス溶解度予測方法。   3. The gas solubility prediction method according to claim 2, wherein in the solubility equation (I), α (t) is a variable that increases with time t and approaches 1. 前記溶解度式(I)において、β(t)は、時間tの経過に伴って減少し、ゼロに近づく変数であることを特徴とする、請求項2又は請求項3に記載のガス溶解度予測方法。   4. The gas solubility prediction method according to claim 2, wherein β (t) is a variable that decreases with time t and approaches zero in the solubility formula (I). 5. . 発泡剤又は気体を添加した発泡性樹脂を金型内へ射出して、発泡体である成形品を得る発泡射出成形加工を評価するためにCAEシステムにて行われる発泡性樹脂の流動解析方法であって、
請求項2〜請求項4の何れか一項に記載の溶解度式(I)にて求めたガス溶解度を用いて発泡性樹脂の粘度を算出し、
算出した発泡性樹脂の粘度を成形条件として採用することを特徴とする、
発泡性樹脂の流動解析方法。
In the foaming resin flow analysis method performed in the CAE system to evaluate foaming injection molding processing to inject a foaming resin or a foamed resin added with gas into a mold and obtain a molded product that is a foam. There,
The viscosity of the foamable resin is calculated using the gas solubility obtained by the solubility formula (I) according to any one of claims 2 to 4.
Adopting the calculated viscosity of the foamable resin as a molding condition,
Flow analysis method for foamable resin.
発泡射出成形装置にて発泡剤又は気体を添加した発泡性樹脂を金型内へ射出して、発泡体である成形品を得る発泡射出成形加工を、評価するためのCAEシステムにて行われる発泡性樹脂の流動解析方法であって、
成形品に対応する成形品モデルデータを取得するステップと、
前記成形品モデルデータに金型構成要素の付帯条件を付与した成形品有限要素モデルデータを作成するステップと、
前記成形品有限要素モデルデータに、予め設定される発泡性樹脂の粘度を少なくとも含む成形条件データと、発泡射出成形装置の性能データとを付与して、発泡性樹脂の流動解析を行うステップと、
前記発泡性樹脂の流動解析にて得られた発泡性樹脂の温度及び圧力と、請求項2〜請求項4の何れか一項に記載の溶解度式(I)とより求めたガス溶解度を用いて、発泡性樹脂の粘度を算出するステップと、
算出した発泡性樹脂の粘度を成形条件として採用して、発泡性樹脂の流動解析を行うステップとを、
含むことを特徴とする、発泡性樹脂の流動解析方法。
Foaming performed in a CAE system for evaluating foam injection molding processing in which a foaming resin to which a foaming agent or gas is added is injected into a mold by a foam injection molding apparatus to obtain a molded product as a foam. A flow analysis method of a functional resin,
Obtaining a molded product model data corresponding to the molded product;
Creating a molded product finite element model data in which an accessory condition of a mold component is added to the molded product model data;
The molding product finite element model data is provided with molding condition data including at least a preset viscosity of the foamable resin, and performance data of the foam injection molding device, and performing flow analysis of the foamable resin,
Using the temperature and pressure of the foamable resin obtained by flow analysis of the foamable resin, and the gas solubility obtained from the solubility formula (I) according to any one of claims 2 to 4. Calculating the viscosity of the foamable resin;
Adopting the calculated viscosity of the foamable resin as a molding condition, and performing a flow analysis of the foamable resin,
A flow analysis method for a foamable resin, comprising:
発泡射出成形装置にて発泡剤又は気体を添加した発泡性樹脂を金型内へ射出して、発泡体である成形品を得る発泡射出成形加工を、評価するためのCAEシステムに、
成形品に対応する成形品モデルデータを取得する処理と、
前記成形品モデルデータに金型構成要素の付帯条件を付与した成形品有限要素モデルデータを作成する処理と、
前記成形品有限要素モデルデータに、発泡性樹脂の粘度を少なくとも含む成形条件データと、発泡射出成形装置の性能データとを付与して、発泡性樹脂の流動解析を行う処理と、
前記発泡性樹脂の流動解析にて得られた発泡性樹脂の温度及び圧力と、請求項2〜請求項4の何れか一項に記載の溶解度式(I)とにより求めたガス溶解度を用いて、発泡性樹脂の粘度を算出する処理と、
算出した発泡性樹脂の粘度を成形条件として採用して、発泡性樹脂の流動解析を行う処理とを、
実行させることを特徴とする、発泡性樹脂の流動解析プログラム。
A CAE system for evaluating the foam injection molding process for injecting a foamable resin added with a foaming agent or gas into a mold by a foam injection molding apparatus to obtain a molded product as a foam,
Processing to obtain the model data of the molded product corresponding to the molded product;
A process of creating a molded product finite element model data in which an accessory condition of a mold component is added to the molded product model data;
A process for performing flow analysis of the foamable resin by giving molding condition data including at least the viscosity of the foamable resin to the molded article finite element model data, and performance data of the foam injection molding apparatus,
Using the gas solubility obtained by the temperature and pressure of the foamable resin obtained by the flow analysis of the foamable resin and the solubility formula (I) according to any one of claims 2 to 4. A process for calculating the viscosity of the foamable resin;
Using the calculated viscosity of the foamable resin as a molding condition, and performing a flow analysis of the foamable resin,
A flow analysis program for a foamable resin, characterized by being executed.
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