JP4807916B2 - Antibacterial and antifungal composition - Google Patents
Antibacterial and antifungal composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4807916B2 JP4807916B2 JP2001296636A JP2001296636A JP4807916B2 JP 4807916 B2 JP4807916 B2 JP 4807916B2 JP 2001296636 A JP2001296636 A JP 2001296636A JP 2001296636 A JP2001296636 A JP 2001296636A JP 4807916 B2 JP4807916 B2 JP 4807916B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- antibacterial
- antifungal
- salt
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 63
- 239000012871 anti-fungal composition Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 84
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 38
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- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910001463 metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical group O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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- KADRTWZQWGIUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxotitanium(2+);sulfate Chemical compound [Ti+2]=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KADRTWZQWGIUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver nitrate Substances [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- PJYXVICYYHGLSW-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrachloroplumbane Chemical compound Cl[Pb](Cl)(Cl)Cl PJYXVICYYHGLSW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- WEQHQGJDZLDFID-UHFFFAOYSA-J thorium(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Th](Cl)(Cl)Cl WEQHQGJDZLDFID-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940001496 tribasic sodium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940048102 triphosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc acetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- IPCAPQRVQMIMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconyl chloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)=O IPCAPQRVQMIMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、抗菌防かび防藻組成物、詳しくは、抗菌性、防かび性および/または防藻性を発現する抗菌防かび防藻組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、屋内塗料や屋外塗料その他の各種の塗料には、有害な微生物の増殖を防止すべく、抗菌性、防かび性および防藻性を有する各種の抗菌剤、防かび剤および防藻剤が配合されている。
【0003】
このような抗菌剤、防かび剤または防藻剤としては、例えば、有機ヨウ素系化合物、ジチオール系化合物、チオフェン系化合物、チオカーバメート系化合物、ニトリル系化合物、ハロアルキルチオ系化合物、ピリジン系化合物、ピリチオン系化合物、ベンゾチアゾール系化合物、ベンズイミダゾール系化合物、オキサチアジン系化合物、イソチアゾリン系化合物、ハロアセチレン系化合物などの各種の化合物が有効成分として用いられている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、これら現在使用されている有効成分のほとんどは、窒素、硫黄あるいはハロゲンを含む有機化合物であり、毒性のあるものも少なくない。また、これらの有機化合物では、耐熱性の低いものや、水によって容易に溶脱してしまうものも多い。
【0005】
一方、抗菌作用を有する金属としては、銀が知られている。しかし、銀は、防かび効果や防藻効果はなく、実用上有用ではない。
【0006】
本発明は、このような事情に鑑みなされたもので、その目的とするところは、優れた安全性および耐熱性を有し、水により溶脱しにくく、良好な抗菌効果、防かび効果および/または防藻効果を発現しうる抗菌防かび防藻組成物を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明者らは、毒性が少なく、耐熱性が良好で、水による溶脱も少ない無機化合物から構成される抗菌防かび防藻組成物につき、鋭意検討した結果、四価金属のリン酸塩および二価金属の水酸化物を含有する抗菌防かび防藻組成物が、優れた抗菌効果、防かび効果および/または防藻効果を発現する知見を見い出し、また、これらに、光触媒を含有させることにより、光照射下において優れた相乗効果を発現する知見を見い出し、また、これらに、スルファミン酸または/およびその塩を含有させることにより、より一層優れた抗菌効果、防かび効果および/または防藻効果を発現する知見を見い出し、さらに、このようにして得られた抗菌防かび防藻組成物を塗料組成物に含有させることにより、その塗料組成物により形成された塗膜が、長期にわたり、優れた抗菌効果、防かび効果および/または防藻効果を発現する知見を見い出し、これらの知見に基づきさらに研究を重ねた結果、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0008】
すなわち、本発明は、
(1) 四価金属のリン酸塩と、二価金属の水酸化物と、スルファミン酸または/およびその塩とを含有することを特徴とする、抗菌防かび防藻組成物、
(2) 四価金属のリン酸塩と、二価金属の水酸化物と、光触媒と、スルファミン酸または/およびその塩とを含有することを特徴とする、抗菌防かび防藻組成物、
(3) 四価金属が、チタン、ジルコニウム、ハフニウムおよび錫からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする、前記(1)または(2)に記載の抗菌防かび防藻組成物、
(4) 二価金属が、銅、亜鉛、鉄、コバルトおよびニッケルからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする、前記(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の抗菌防かび防藻組成物、
(5) 光触媒が、酸化チタンであることを特徴とする、前記(2)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の抗菌防かび防藻組成物、
(6) 四価金属がチタンであり、二価金属が亜鉛であることを特徴とする、前記(1)に記載の抗菌防かび防藻組成物、
(7) 四価金属がチタンであり、二価金属が亜鉛であり、光触媒が酸化チタンであることを特徴とする、前記(2)に記載の抗菌防かび防藻組成物に関する。
【0009】
なお、本発明において、「抗菌防かび防藻組成物」とは、抗菌効果、防かび効果および防藻効果の少なくともいずれかの効果を発現し得る組成物である。また、「塗料組成物」とは、透明なクリア塗料を含み、所定の基材上に塗布してコーティングする「コーティング組成物」を含む。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の抗菌防かび防藻組成物(以下、単に組成物と省略する場合がある。)は、四価金属のリン酸塩および二価金属の水酸化物を含有し、さらに必要により、光触媒を含有しており、また、これらにさらにスルファミン酸または/およびその塩を含有している。
【0011】
本発明に用いられるリン酸塩を形成する四価金属は、四価の金属である限り、周期表における族は特に制限されない。四価金属には、周期表4族元素、例えば、4A族元素(チタン、ジルコニウム、ハフニウム、トリウムなど)、4B族元素(ゲルマニウム、スズ、鉛など)が含まれる。これらの金属のうち、周期表4A族元素に属する金属、例えば、チタン、ジルコニウム、ハフニウムや、4B族元素、例えば、スズが好ましい。特に、チタンおよびジルコニウムが好ましく、スズも好ましい。
【0012】
なお、本明細書において、周期表の族番号は、IUPAC(International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry)無機化学命名法委員会命名規則1970版による。
【0013】
リン酸塩を構成するリン酸には、種々のリン酸、例えば、オルトリン酸、メタリン酸、ピロリン酸、三リン酸、四リン酸などが含まれる。リン酸は、オルトリン酸、メタリン酸またはピロリン酸である場合が多い。また、リン酸塩には、オルトリン酸水素塩などのリン酸水素塩も含まれる。なお、本明細書において、特に言及しない場合、「リン酸」はオルトリン酸を意味する。
【0014】
これらの四価金属のリン酸塩は、通常、水不溶性または難溶性である。さらに、前記リン酸塩は、結晶質塩であってもよいが、好ましくは非晶質塩である。これらの四価金属リン酸塩は、単独または2種以上組合わせて使用できる。
【0015】
本発明に用いられる水酸化物を形成する二価金属は、周期表の族の如何を問わず、二価の金属であればよい。二価金属には、例えば、銅などの周期表1B族元素、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウムなどの周期表2A族元素、亜鉛、カドミウムなどの周期表2B族元素、クロム、モリブデンなどの周期表6A族元素、マンガンなどの周期表7A族元素、鉄、ルテニウム、コバルト、ロジウム、ニッケル、パラジウムなどの周期表8族元素などが含まれる。これらの二価金属の水酸化物は、単独または2種以上組合わせて使用できる。
【0016】
好ましい二価金属には、遷移金属、例えば、銅などの周期表1B族元素、亜鉛などの周期表2B族元素、マンガンなどの周期表7A族元素、鉄、コバルト、ニッケルなどの周期表8族元素が含まれる。特に好ましい二価金属には、銅、亜鉛などが含まれ、鉄、コバルト、ニッケルも好ましい。
【0017】
これら二価金属の水酸化物は、通常、弱酸性ないし弱アルカリ性領域(pH4〜10)で水不溶性または難溶性である。また、前記水酸化物は、結晶質であってもよいが、好ましくは、非晶質である。
【0018】
四価金属のリン酸塩と二価金属の水酸化物との割合は、抗菌効果、防かび効果、および/または防藻効果を損なわない範囲で選択でき、例えば、金属原子比換算で、金属原子比(二価金属/四価金属)=0.1〜10、好ましくは、0.2〜7、さらに好ましくは、0.2〜5程度である。なお、複数のリン酸塩および/または水酸化物を組み合わせて用いる場合、それぞれの金属の総和量に基づく金属原子比が上記範囲内であればよい。
【0019】
また、四価金属のリン酸塩および二価金属の水酸化物の組成物は、後述するように、混合ゲルなどのように、共沈などにより複合化されていてもよく、共沈で生成する非晶質な共沈組成物であることが好ましい。
【0020】
本発明に用いられる光触媒は、紫外線などの光線の照射により活性酸素を生成させる光酸化触媒として作用するものが好ましく、そのため、光触媒は、酸化性光触媒に属する場合が多い。本発明に用いられる光触媒としては、有機または無機を問わず、種々の光半導体を使用できるが、無機光半導体である場合が多い。光触媒としては、例えば、硫化物半導体(CdS,ZnS,In2S3,PbS,Cu2S,MoS3,WS2,Sb3S3,Bi3S3,ZnCdS2など)、金属カルコゲナイト(CdSe,In2Se3,WSe3,HgSe,PbSe,CdTeなど)、酸化物半導体(TiO2,ZnO,WO3,CdO,In2O3,Ag2O,MnO2,Cu2O,Fe2O3,V2O5,SnO2など)などが挙げられ、硫化物と酸化物以外の半導体として、GaAs,Si,Se,Cd2P3,Zn2P3なども含まれる。これらの光触媒は、単独または2種以上組み合わせて使用できる。
【0021】
これらの光触媒のうち、CdS,ZnSなどの硫化物半導体、TiO2,ZnO,SnO2,WO3などの酸化物半導体が好ましく、特に酸化物半導体、例えばTiO2などが好ましい。前記光触媒を構成する光半導体の結晶構造は特に制限されない。例えば、TiO2は、アナターゼ型、プルカイト型、ルチル型、アモルファス型などのいずれであってもよい。好ましいTiO2には、アナターゼ型酸化チタンが含まれる。
【0022】
光触媒は、ゾルやゲル状で使用できると共に粉粒状で使用してもよい。光触媒を粉粒状で使用する場合、光触媒の平均粒子径は、光活性を損なわない範囲で選択でき、例えば、0.01〜25μm、好ましくは0.05〜10μm、さらに好ましくは0.05〜5μm程度である。
【0023】
光触媒の使用量は、抗菌効果、防かび効果および/または防藻効果を損なわない範囲で選択でき、例えば、四価金属のリン酸塩と二価金属の水酸化物との総量100重量部に対して1〜1000重量部、好ましくは10〜750重量部、さらに好ましくは20〜500重量部程度である。
【0024】
また、四価金属のリン酸塩、二価金属の水酸化物および光触媒の組成物は、後述するように、混合ゲルなどのように、共沈などにより複合化されていてもよい。
【0025】
さらに、本発明の組成物には、スルファミン酸または/およびスルファミン酸塩を含有させてもよい。スルファミン酸または/およびその塩を含有させるには、後で詳述するように、四価金属のリン酸塩、二価金属の水酸化物および必要により含有される光触媒の組成物に含有させればよい。
【0026】
スルファミン酸の塩を構成する元素または基としては、ナトリウム、カリウム、リチウムなどのアルカリ金属、カルシウム、マグネシウムなどのアルカリ土類金属、ニッケル、銅、コバルトなどの遷移金属、アンモニウム基、イソプロピルアミン、エチレンジアミン、グアニジンなどの脂肪族アミン、エタノールアミンなどのアミノアルコール、アニリン、フェニレンジアミンなどの芳香族アミン、ピペラジン、ピペリジン、ピリジン、ピロリジン、モルホリン、メチルピリジンなどの複素環アミンなどが挙げられる。これらの中で好ましいものは、ナトリウム、カリウムなどのアルカリ金属、アンモニウム、ニッケル、銅などの遷移金属、グアニジンなどの脂肪族アミンである。
【0027】
組成物に担持させるスルファミン酸またはその塩の担持量は、組成物(四価金属のリン酸塩と二価金属の水酸化物との総量、または、光触媒や後述する二酸化ケイ素がこれらと複合化される場合には、その総量)100重量部に対して、通常、1〜1000重量部、好ましくは5〜500重量部である。
【0028】
本発明の組成物は、慣用の種々の方法により得ることができる。例えば、四価金属リン酸塩、二価金属水酸化物および必要により光触媒を混合することにより、簡便に得ることができる。前記混合に際しては、粉砕などにより得られたそれぞれの粉粒状成分を混合してもよい。
【0029】
また、本発明の組成物は、四価金属イオン、二価金属イオン、光触媒に対応する成分を含む溶液や、これらの金属イオンのうち2種以上の金属イオンを含む水溶液を使用して、それらの水不溶性物質の混合沈殿物を生成させる方法によっても得ることができる。この方法で得られた混合沈殿物は、通常、ゲル状であり、乾燥により非晶質構造の混合物となる。なお、この方法において、光触媒に対応する成分は、予め適切な結晶構造に調整して水溶液に添加するのが好ましい。
【0030】
四価金属イオンおよび二価金属イオンを含む水溶液の調製には、各種の水溶性金属化合物が用いられる。このような二価金属および四価金属の水溶性金属化合物としては、各種の金属塩、金属アルコキシドなどが挙げられる。金属塩としては、通常の金属塩(正塩)のほか、酸性塩、オキシ塩、さらに他の複塩、錯塩の形態の金属塩を用いてもよい。また、金属塩は、水溶液のpHが中性付近で不溶性の化合物であっても、酸性溶液中で溶解する化合物であればよい。具体的には、次のような化合物が挙げられる。
【0031】
(1)金属のフッ化物、塩化物、臭化物、ヨウ化物などのハロゲン化物:
CoCl2,NiCl2,CuCl2,ZnCl2,FeF2,FeCl2,FeBr2,FeI2,Na2(SnF6),K2(SnF6),K2(SnCl6),CaCl2,CrCl2,BaCl2,MgCl2,MnCl2,TiCl4,SnCl4,ZrCl4,ThCl4,PbCl4,GeCl4など。
【0032】
(2)硫酸塩、硫酸アンモニウム塩、その他の硫酸塩(無機酸塩):
FeSO4,CoSO4,(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2,ZnSO4,CdSO4,CrSO4,CuSO4,NiSO4,MgSO4,MnSO4,K2Co(SO4)2,(NH4)2Mn(SO4)2,Zr(SO4)2,Sn(SO4)2,Th(SO4)2,Pb(SO4)2,Ti(SO4)2など。
【0033】
(3)硝酸塩(無機酸塩):
Zn(NO3)2,Co(NO3)2,Cd(NO3)2,Ca(NO3)2,Fe(NO3)2,Cu(NO3)2,Ni(NO3)2,Ba(NO3)2,Mn(NO2)2,Zr(NO3)4,Ti(NO3)4,Sn(NO3)4,Th(NO3)4など。
【0034】
(4)塩素酸塩、過塩素酸塩、チオシアン酸塩、ジアミン銀硫酸塩、ジアミン銀硝酸塩、クロム酸塩などのその他の各種無機酸塩:
Zn(ClO3)2,Ca(ClO3)2,Ba(ClO3)2,Ca(ClO4)2,Fe(ClO4)2,Ni(ClO4)2,Ba(ClO4)2,Mg(ClO4)2,Co(ClO4)2,Zn(SCN)2,Ca(SCN)2,CaCrO4など。
【0035】
(5)酢酸塩、ギ酸塩、シュウ酸塩などの有機酸塩:
(CH3CO2)2Zn,(CH3CO2)4Zr,C2O4Co,(CH3CO2)2Co,(CH3CO2)2Fe,(CH3CO2)Cu,(CH3CO2)2Ni,(CH3CO2)2Ba,(CH3CO2)2Mg,(C2O4)2Thなど。
【0036】
(6)オキシ金属塩(ハロゲン化物、無機酸塩、有機酸塩の形態のオキシ金属塩):
ZrOCl2,ZrOSO4,ThOCl2,TiOSO4,ZrO(NO3)2,ZrOCO3,(NH4)2ZrO(CO3)2,ZrO(CH3CO2)2など。
【0037】
(7)金属アルコキシド類:
Zr(OCH3)4,Ti(OCH3)4,Zr(OC2H5)4,Ti(OC2H5)4などのC1−6アルコキシドなど。
【0038】
これらの金属化合物のうち、無機酸塩、特に硫酸塩や硝酸塩などの強酸塩を用いる場合が多い。より具体的には、FeSO4,Ti(SO4)2,ZnSO4,CuSO4,Cu(NO3)2などを用いる場合が多い。なお、四価金属化合物のうちチタン化合物やジルコニウム化合物としては、オキシ金属塩を用いる場合が多く、このような化合物には、例えば、ZrOCl2,ZrOSO4,TiOSO4などが含まれる。
【0039】
光触媒も慣用の方法、例えば、光触媒に対応する金属イオンを含有する水溶液から調製する方法、金属アルコキシドから調製する方法、高温で酸化させる気相法などに従って調製することができる。
【0040】
光触媒の調製に際しては、その光触媒に対応する成分を含む化合物を用いることができる。酸化チタンを例にとって説明すると、このような成分としては、例えば、TiCl4,TiF4,TiBr4などのハロゲン化チタン、Ti(SO4)2,TiOSO4などの硫酸塩、(CH3O)4Ti,(C2H5O)4Ti,[CH3(CH2)2O]4Ti,[(CH3)2CHO]4Ti,[CH3(CH2)3O]4Ti,[(CH3)2CHCH2O]4TiなどのC1− 6アルコキシチタンなどが使用できる。また、予め調製された酸化チタンゾルなどを用いてもよい。
【0041】
四価金属のリン酸塩および二価金属の水酸化物を生成するには、四価金属のリン酸塩と二価金属イオンとの共存下に、二価金属の水酸化物を生成させればよい。例えば、(i)四価金属イオンおよび二価金属イオンが共存する水溶液中で四価金属のリン酸塩を生成し、次いで、二価金属の水酸化物を生成してもよく、また、(ii)二価金属イオンを含有しない水溶液中で予め四価金属のリン酸塩を生成した後、二価金属イオンを含む水溶液を加え、二価金属の水酸化物を生成させてもよい。
【0042】
前記(i)の方法において、四価金属イオンおよび二価金属イオンが共存する水溶液を用いて組成物を生成させる場合、四価金属化合物および二価金属化合物を含む水溶液を撹拌しながら二価金属の不溶性水酸化物の生成を抑制しつつ、リン酸またはリン酸塩を添加して四価金属のリン酸塩の沈殿物を生成させればよい。
【0043】
この方法において、前記四価金属化合物および二価金属化合物を含む水溶液のpHは、通常、酸性域、例えば、pH0.1〜6、好ましくは0.3〜4程度であり、必要であれば二価金属水酸化物の生成を抑制するため、酸を添加して酸性域、例えば、pH4以下に調整し、リン酸またはリン酸塩を添加してもよい。
【0044】
前記水溶液のpHを調整する場合、適当なアルカリや酸を使用できる。アルカリとしては、例えば、アルカリ金属やアルカリ土類金属の水酸化物(水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化カルシウムなど)やアンモニアなどの無機塩基、トリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、トリエタノールアミンなどの有機塩基が使用できる。酸としては、例えば、塩酸、硝酸、硫酸などの無機酸、酢酸、トリクロロ酢酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、ギ酸、シュウ酸などの有機酸が用いられる。
【0045】
不溶性リン酸塩の生成に用いられるリン酸またはリン酸塩としては、例えば、オルトリン酸、メタリン酸、ピロリン酸、およびそれらのアルカリ金属塩(例えば、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩など)やアンモニウム塩などが挙げられる。より具体的には、リン酸塩には、例えば、第一リン酸ナトリウム、第二リン酸ナトリウム、第三リン酸ナトリウム(以下、これらを単にリン酸ナトリウム(第1,第2および第3)として示す)、リン酸カリウム(第1,第2および第3)、リン酸アンモニウム(第1,第2および第3)、メタリン酸ナトリウム、メタリン酸カリウム、ピロリン酸ナトリウム、ピロリン酸カリウムなどが含まれる。
【0046】
前記(i)の方法において、通常、生成した四価金属のリン酸塩を熟成などにより十分に析出させる場合が多い。熟成法には、慣用の方法、例えば、室温で長時間放置する方法、100℃以下に加温した状態で長時間放置する方法、加熱還流する方法などが用いられる。
【0047】
熟成終了後、アルカリの添加によりpHを中性域、例えば、pH4〜12に調整すると、二価金属の水酸化物を生成させることができる。なお、前記水酸化物の生成は、アルカリと、熟成終了後の四価金属のリン酸塩と二価金属イオンを含む液とを中性域、例えば、pH4〜12の範囲で、並行して液中へ添加することにより行なってもよい。前記のようなpH域では、二価金属の水酸化物からなる沈殿物が生成し、生成した水酸化物の沈殿物と四価金属の不溶性リン酸塩の沈殿物とが沈澱または析出混合物または共沈混合物として生成する。二価金属の水酸化物の生成において、常温での反応が遅い場合には反応系を加温してもよい。また、必要に応じて加圧下に100℃以上200℃以下の温度で反応させてもよい。また、撹拌は空気を用いたバブリングにより行なってもよい。
【0048】
前記(ii)の方法において、四価金属のリン酸塩の沈殿物と二価金属の水酸化物とは、前記(i)の方法に準じて生成させることができる。すなわち、前記四価金属イオンを含み二価金属イオンを含まない水溶液にリン酸またはリン酸塩を添加して予めリン酸塩を生成させる。生成したリン酸塩を必要により熟成した後、必要によりpHを酸性域、例えばpH4以下に調整し、二価金属イオンを含む水溶液(例えば、金属塩を含有する水溶液)を添加して混合し、前記と同様にpHを中性域、例えばpH4以上に調整することにより混合沈殿物を生成させてもよい。この方法では、四価金属のリン酸塩の熟成は比較的短時間であってもよい。
【0049】
光触媒を含む組成物を調製する場合には、光触媒を、四価金属のリン酸塩および二価金属の水酸化物を生成させる反応系に、例えば、粉粒状で添加していてもよく、前記四価金属のリン酸塩および/または二価金属の水酸化物を生成させた後、反応系または生成した沈殿物に添加してもよい。さらに、光触媒は、四価金属のリン酸塩および/または二価金属の水酸化物の生成とともに同時に生成させてもよい。光触媒の生成には、前記(i)および(ii)の方法が用いられる。例えば、酸化チタンを生成させる場合、塩化チタンなどのハロゲン化チタン、無機酸塩(例えば、硫酸チタンなどの硫酸塩)やアルコキシドを必要に応じて前記反応系に添加し、反応系のpHを中性またはアルカリ性、例えば、pH6〜12程度に調整することにより生成させることができる。
【0050】
スルファミン酸または/およびその塩の組成物への含有は、例えば、前記(i)、(ii)の沈殿物生成反応のいずれかの工程で、または沈殿物生成後、スルファミン酸または/およびその塩の溶液、特に水溶液を加えることにより行うことができる。
【0051】
このようにして得られた沈殿物は、必要に応じて慣用の方法により精製してもよい。例えば、前記混合沈殿物などの沈殿物を含む反応液を濾過し、温水または水などの洗浄溶媒を用いて洗浄し、金属塩のアニオン種などの不純物を除去し、乾燥することにより、精製した組成物を得ることができる。
【0052】
前記濾過は、濾紙や濾布などを用い、常温常圧下、減圧下または加圧下で行なうことができ、遠心分離法、真空濾過法などを用いてもよい。また、洗浄に際しては、傾斜洗浄法などを用いてもよい。
【0053】
前記乾燥操作は、慣用の方法、例えば、風乾で行なってもよく、組成物の分解温度未満の温度、例えば、約400℃以下、好ましくは200℃以下の温度に加熱した加温下で行なってもよい。
【0054】
また、本発明の組成物は、さらに二酸化ケイ素を含んでいてもよい。二酸化ケイ素は、組成物の比表面積を増加させ、接触面積を高める上で有用である。二酸化ケイ素の含有量は、抗菌効果、防かび効果、および/または防藻効果を損なわない範囲で選択でき、例えば、四価金属のリン酸塩と二価金属の水酸化物との総量に対して、金属原子比換算で、ケイ素/(二価金属+四価金属)=0.2〜10、好ましくは0.5〜8、さらに好ましくは1〜7程度である。
【0055】
また、本発明の組成物は、二酸化ケイ素とともに、または二酸化ケイ素を含むことなくさらに抗菌性金属(例えば、銀、銅、亜鉛など)、特に銀成分を含んでいてもよい。銀成分の含有量は、組成物全体に対して金属銀換算で0.1〜10重量%、好ましくは0.5〜8重量%、さらに好ましくは0.5〜7重量%程度である。
【0056】
そして、このようにして得られる本発明の組成物は、四価金属のリン酸塩および二価金属の水酸化物を含有する組成物として得ることができる。本発明の組成物は、優れた抗菌効果、防かび効果および/または防藻効果を発現するとともに、無機化合物から構成されるので、現在使用されている有機化合物の有効成分に比べて、毒性が低く、また、耐熱性が高く、水による溶脱も少ない。そのため、本発明の抗菌防かび防藻組成物は、抗菌剤、防かび剤および/または防藻剤として、各種の産業製品に適用することができ、とりわけ、塗料に適用した場合には、その塗料によって形成される塗膜を、有害微生物から過酷な環境下においても長期にわたって有効に保護することができる。
【0057】
また、本発明の組成物は、四価金属のリン酸塩、二価金属の水酸化物および光触媒を含有する組成物として得ることもできる。この組成物においては、さらに光触媒が含有されているので、太陽光や蛍光灯などの光照射下においては、光触媒作用による相乗効果を発現させることができる。
【0058】
さらに、本発明の組成物は、スルファミン酸または/およびその塩を含有させることで、より一層優れた抗菌効果、防かび効果および/または防藻効果を発現させることができる。
【0059】
なお、このようにして得られる本発明の組成物は、通常、10〜1000m2/g、好ましくは30〜1000m2/g、さらに好ましくは50〜1000m2/g程度のBET比表面積を有している。また、本発明の組成物は、上記した、抗菌、防かびおよび/または防藻の作用を有するとともに、高い吸着性を有する吸着性組成物として作用する。そのため、本発明の組成物は、抗菌剤、防かび剤および/または防藻剤としての効果を発現するとともに、臭気成分を含めて種々の化合物(有機化合物、無機化合物)を分解除去するための脱臭性組成物または消臭性組成物としての効果をも発現することができる。
【0060】
そして、本発明の塗料組成物は、このようにして得られる抗菌防かび防藻組成物が含有されている。抗菌防かび防藻組成物の塗料組成物中の配合割合は、0.1〜95重量%、好ましくは、0.5〜50重量%である。また、本発明の塗料組成物には、塗料として必要な組成、例えば、樹脂や、必要により、体質顔料および着色顔料、その他の添加剤などが含有されている。
【0061】
樹脂としては、何ら制限されないが、例えば、アクリル系樹脂、アクリルスチレン系樹脂、スチレン系樹脂、塩化ビニル系樹脂、酢酸ビニル系樹脂、ビニルアセタール系樹脂、フッ素樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、アミノ樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、シリコーン樹脂などが用いられる。これらの中では、アクリル樹脂が好ましく用いられる。樹脂の塗料組成物中の配合割合は、5〜99重量%、好ましくは、10〜80重量%である。また、これら樹脂は、後述するように、エマルション樹脂であることが好ましく、エマルション樹脂としては、アクリルエマルション樹脂が好ましく用いられる。
【0062】
また、体質顔料としては、例えば、炭酸カルシウム、タルク、クレー、硫酸バリウム、シリカ、炭酸カルシウムなどが用いられる。この体質顔料は、特に配合しなくてもよいが、配合する場合には、体質顔料の塗料組成物中の配合割合は、0.1〜50重量%、好ましくは、1〜30重量%である。
【0063】
また、着色顔料としては、例えば、チタン白、ベンガラ、酸化クロム、黄鉛、酸化亜鉛などの無機顔料、ハンザイエロー、レーキレッド、フタロシアニンブルー、シンカシャレッドなどの有機顔料が用いられる。この着色顔料は、特に配合しなくてもよいが、配合する場合には、着色顔料の塗料組成物中の配合割合は、0.01〜50重量%、好ましくは、1〜30重量%である。
【0064】
その他の添加剤としては、例えば、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、防腐剤などの各種の添加剤が用いられ、塗料組成物の目的および用途などに応じて、適宜配合される。また、本発明の抗菌防かび防藻組成物以外の抗菌剤、防かび剤または防藻剤を適宜配合してもよい。
【0065】
また、本発明の塗料組成物には、スルファミン酸または/およびその塩をさらに含有させてもよい。スルファミン酸または/およびその塩を含有させることにより、より一層、優れた抗菌効果、防かび効果および/または防藻効果を発現させることができる。
【0066】
スルファミン酸または/およびその塩としては、上記したスルファミン酸または/およびその塩と同様のものが用いられる。スルファミン酸または/およびその塩を配合する場合には、スルファミン酸または/およびその塩の塗料組成物中の配合割合は、0.1〜50重量%、好ましくは、0.1〜10重量%である。
【0067】
なお、スルファミン酸または/およびその塩は、本発明の抗菌防かび防藻組成物および塗料組成物のいずれにも配合しなくてもよく、また、本発明の抗菌防かび防藻組成物に配合して、塗料組成物には配合しなくてもよく、また、本発明の抗菌防かび防藻組成物には配合せず、塗料組成物に配合してもよく、さらには、本発明の抗菌防かび防藻組成物および塗料組成物の両方に配合してもよい。
【0068】
また、本発明の塗料組成物に含有されるスルファミン酸または/およびその塩は、上記のいずれの態様にかかわらず、その合計全量として、塗料組成物中に、0.1〜70重量%、さらには、0.1〜30重量%含有されることが好ましい。
【0069】
そして、本発明の塗料組成物は、その形態は特に限定されず、有機溶媒系の塗料組成物としても、また、水系の塗料組成物としても用いることができる。有機溶媒系の塗料組成物として用いる場合には、抗菌防かび防藻組成物を含む各成分を、適宜の割合において、有機溶媒に分散することによって調製すればよく、また、水系の塗料組成物として用いる場合には、抗菌防かび防藻組成物を含む各成分を、適宜の割合において、水に懸濁または乳化により分散させることによって調製すればよい。これらのうち、本発明の塗料組成物は、水系の塗料組成物として調製することが好ましい。
【0070】
本発明の塗料組成物を、水系の塗料組成物、例えば、エマルション塗料として調製するには、例えば、体質顔料、着色顔料および抗菌防かび防藻組成物を含むミルベースを調製した後、このミルベースに、レットダウンとしての各成分を順次配合する。ミルベースの調製は、例えば、体質顔料、着色顔料および抗菌防かび防藻組成物を水に配合して、必要により、スルファミン酸または/およびその塩、凍結防止剤(エチレングリコールなど)、分散剤、湿潤剤、消泡剤などの公知の添加剤を添加した後、混合撹拌する。
【0071】
そして、このようにして調製されたミルベースに、レットダウンとしての、エマルション樹脂や、必要により、界面活性剤、造膜助剤(高沸点溶剤など)、消泡剤、pH調整剤、増粘剤などの公知の添加剤を添加した後、撹拌混合すればよい。なお、本発明の塗料組成物を、このようなエマルション塗料として調製する場合には、VOCの低減化を図るべく、凍結防止剤(エチレングリコールなど)および造膜助剤(高沸点溶剤など)を用いない処方によって調製することが好ましい。
【0072】
そして、本発明の塗料組成物は、抗菌防かび防藻組成物が配合されているので、本発明の塗料組成物により形成された塗膜は、高温高湿環境下においても、長期にわたり、優れた抗菌効果、防かび効果および/または防藻効果を発現する。
【0073】
そのため、本発明の塗料組成物を、例えば、屋内の浴室や屋外の外壁などを塗装するための塗料として用いれば、環境、あるいは、湿気や雨水によっても溶脱することなく、長期にわたり、抗菌効果、防かび効果および/または防藻効果を維持することができる。なお、本発明の塗料組成物を、台所に適用すれば、優れた抗菌効果を発現させて、台所の良好な衛生環境を確保することができ、また、上記したように、浴室に適用すれば、優れた防かび効果を発現させて、浴室の良好な衛生環境を確保することができる。さらに、本発明の塗料組成物は、人体に対する安全性が高く、より一層、環境にやさしい塗料として用いることができる。
【0074】
なお、本発明の塗料組成物は、上記の用途に何ら限定されるものではなく、例えば、着色顔料や体質顔料を配合せずに、クリア塗料として調製してもよい。
【0075】
【実施例】
以下に実施例および比較例を挙げて本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明は、何ら実施例および比較例に限定されるものではない。
【0076】
実施例1(組成物(Zn(II)−Ti(IV))の調製)
硫酸チタン溶液(約30g重量%濃度、和光純薬製試薬)43.7gを水25.8gに添加した。この水溶液は、0.055モルのTi(IV)イオンを含んでいた。この水溶液に室温下、撹拌しながら15重量%のリン酸水溶液約53.6gを滴下したところ、白色沈殿物が生成した。白色沈殿物が生成した混合液をそのまま2時間撹拌した。
【0077】
白色沈殿物を含む混合液に硫酸亜鉛の結晶(ZnSO4・7H2O,和光純薬製試薬特級)6.75gを添加して溶解した。この混合液は、0.023モルのZn(II)イオンを含んでいた。得られた混合液に、15%水酸化ナトリウム溶液をpHが7.0となるまで滴下した。なお、水酸化ナトリウムの滴下に際し、pHが低下した場合には、さらに水酸化ナトリウム溶液を添加し、pHを約7.0に保持した。pHの低下が認められなくなるまで撹拌を続けると、Zn(II)−Ti(IV)を含む白色沈殿物が生成した。
【0078】
生成した白色沈殿物を吸引濾別し、温脱イオン水で十分洗浄した後、40℃で乾燥し、乾燥物を乳鉢で120μm以下に粉砕することにより、白色粉末の抗菌防かび防藻組成物(Zn(II)−Ti(IV))を得た。
【0079】
実施例2(組成物(Zn(II)−Ti(IV)−TiO2)の調製)
実施例1で得られた抗菌防かび防藻組成物(Zn(II)−Ti(IV))70重量部に対して酸化チタン粉末(石原産業(株)製,MC−90)30重量部を混合し、得られた混合物をジェットミル粉砕機に供給し、粉砕することによりさらに微粉末とし、抗菌防かび防藻組成物(Zn(II)−Ti(IV)−TiO2)を得た。なお、得られた抗菌防かび防藻組成物の微粉末の平均粒径は5μmであった。
【0080】
実施例3(組成物(スルファミン酸アンモニウム担持Zn(II)−Ti(IV)−TiO2)の調製)
硫酸チタン溶液(約30重量%濃度、和光純薬製試薬)43.7重量部を水25.8重量部に添加した。この水溶液は、0.055モルのTi(IV)イオンを含んでいた。この水溶液に室温下、撹拌しながら15重量%のリン酸水溶液53.6重量部を滴下したところ、白色沈殿物が生成した。白色沈殿物が生成した混合液をそのまま2時間撹拌した。
【0081】
白色沈殿物を含む混合液に硫酸亜鉛の結晶(ZnSO4・7H2O,和光純薬製試薬特級)6.75重量部を添加して溶解した。この混合液は、0.023モルのZn(II)イオンを含んでいた。
【0082】
得られた混合液に、15%水酸化ナトリウム溶液をpHが7.0となるまで滴下した。なお、水酸化ナトリウムの滴下に際し、pHが低下した場合には、さらに水酸化ナトリウム溶液を添加し、pHを約7.0に保持した。pHの低下が認められなくなるまで撹拌を続けると、Zn(II)−Ti(IV)を含む白色沈殿物が生成した。
【0083】
生成した白色沈殿物を吸引濾別し、温脱イオン水で十分洗浄した後、40℃で乾燥し、乾燥物を乳鉢で120μm以下に粉砕することにより、Zn(II)−Ti(IV)を含む白色粉末を得た。
【0084】
得られた白色粉末70重量部に酸化チタン(MC−90、石原産業(株)製)30重量部を混合し、混合物をジェットミル粉砕機にかけて、Zn(II)−Ti(IV)−TiO2を含む平均粒子径5μmの微粉末を得た。
【0085】
100重量部の50重量%スルファミン酸アンモニウム水溶液に、50重量部の前記微粉末を撹拌しながら徐々に加え、室温でさらに10分間撹拌した。室温で30分間静置後、濾過および水洗を2回行ない、濾過残渣を120℃の熱風乾燥機で2時間乾燥した。室温まで放冷後、乳鉢で粉砕して、抗菌防かび防藻組成物(スルファミン酸アンモニウム担持Zn(II)−Ti(IV)−TiO2)を得た。
【0086】
実施例4〜5および比較例1〜3(塗料組成物の調製)
表1に示す割合(重量%)において、まず、チタン白、体質顔料および抗菌防かび防藻組成物(実施例4:実施例3の組成物(スルファミン酸アンモニウム担持Zn(II)−Ti(IV)−TiO2)、実施例5:実施例2の組成物(Zn(II)−Ti(IV)−TiO2)、比較例1:添加なし、比較例2:実施例1の組成物(Zn(II)−Ti(IV))、比較例3:実施例2の組成物(Zn(II)−Ti(IV)−TiO 2 )、)を水に加え、さらに、エチレングリコール、分散剤、湿潤剤、消泡剤、50重量%スルファミン酸アンモニウム水溶液(実施例5のみ)を添加した後、撹拌混合することにより、ミルベースを調製した。次いで、これに、レットダウンとして、エマルション樹脂、界面活性剤、造膜助剤、消泡剤、防腐剤、増粘剤、水、pH調整剤(実施例4〜実施例5および比較例2〜比較例3のみ)を順次添加した後、撹拌混合することにより、実施例4〜5および比較例1〜3の塗料組成物を得た。なお、各成分の詳細を以下に示す。
【0087】
(ミルベース)
チタン白:ルチル型酸化チタン(商品名:TITANIX JR−900、テイカ(株)社製)
体質顔料:炭酸カルシウム(商品名:ホワイトンSB、白石カルシウム(株)社製)
分散剤:ポリカルボン酸ナトリウム塩(商品名:オロタン850、ローム・アンド・ハース社製)
湿潤剤:アルキルエーテルサルフェート(商品名:トライトンCF−10、ユニオン・カーバイド社製)
消泡剤:鉱物油とポリエチレングリコール型非イオン界面活性剤の混合物(商品名:ノプコ8043−L、サンノプコ(株)社製)
(レットダウン)
エマルション樹脂:アクリル・スチレン系エマルション(商品名:ウルトラゾールC−62、ガンツ化成(株)社製)
界面活性剤:ポリオキシエチレン誘導体(商品名:エマルゲンA−500、花王(株)社製)の50重量%溶液
造膜助剤:2,2,4−トリメチル−1,3−ペンタンジオールモノイソブチレート(商品名:CS−12、チッソ(株)社製)
消泡剤:鉱物油とポリエチレングリコール型非イオン界面活性剤の混合物(商品面:ノプコ8034−L、サンノプコ社製)
防腐剤:ハロゲン化窒素硫黄化合物(商品名:スラオフCA、武田薬品工業(株)社製)
増粘剤:ヒドキエチルセルロース(商品名:SP−600、ダイセル(株)社製)の2重量%水溶液
pH調整剤:アンモニア水(28%)
【0088】
【表1】
【0089】
試験例1(抗菌試験)
1)試験菌
スタフィロコッカス・アウレウス(Staphylococcus aureus)IFO3061、エスケリシア・コリー(Escherichia coli)IFO−3044を用いた。
【0090】
2)菌液の調製
普通ブイヨン液体培地で28℃、18時間培養した上記の試験菌株の菌体を、O.D.660nm 0.2に調製後、1/500濃度のNutrient Broth培地に分散したものを接種用菌液とした。
【0091】
3)試験片の調製
実施例4〜実施例5および比較例1〜比較例3の塗料組成物を、ガラス板上に、均一に塗布し、これを乾燥することによって試験片を調製した。
【0092】
4)試験手順
試験片を24時間水に浸漬した後、試験片(5×5cm)に菌液を0.5mL滴下し、その上に、ポリエチレンフィルムを被せ試験片と菌液を密着させた。その後、恒温恒湿33℃、24時間培養および光照射下(7600Lx)24時間培養後に、10mLの滅菌水で洗い出し、その溶液中の生菌数を、ブイヨン寒天培地を用いて測定した。その結果を表2に示す。なお、表2中、初期菌数は、試験試料に使用した接種用菌液の菌数を測定したものである。
【0093】
【表2】
表2から明らかなように、実施例4〜実施例5の塗料組成物は、優れた抗菌効果を発現していることがわかる。
【0094】
試験例2(防かび試験)
1)供試かび液
供試かび液として、アスペルギルス・ニガー(Aspergillus niger)IFO6341、ペニシリウム・シトリナム(Penicillium citrinum)IFO6352、クラドスポリウム・クラドスポリオイデス(Cladosporium cladosporioides)IFO6348の混合液を用いた。
【0095】
2)試験片の調製
実施例4〜実施例5および比較例1の塗料組成物を、ガラス板上に、均一に塗布し、これを乾燥することによって試験片を調製した。
【0096】
3)試験手順
(1)塗装試料を30×30mmに切断し、これを試験片とした。
【0097】
(2)試験片を、40℃、200mLの水に1日間浸漬した後、24時間自然乾燥した。
【0098】
(3)オートクレーブで滅菌したグルコース寒天培地を、直径9cmのペトリ皿中に注いで、凝固させた寒天平板の中央に、試験片を貼付した。
【0099】
(4)供試かび液を、試験片に噴霧した後、28℃、4週間培養した。
【0100】
(5)(3)、(4)を繰り返した。
【0101】
(6)培養後、光照射(7600Lx)したものと、しないもののそれぞれについて、7日目の試験片上におけるかびの生育程度を判定した。その結果を表3に示す。
【0102】
【表3】
表3から明らかなように、実施例4〜実施例5の塗料組成物は、優れた防かび効果を発現していることがわかる。
【0103】
試験例3(防藻試験)
1)供試藻液
供試藻液として、クラミドモナス・レインハルドティイ(Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)C−238、クロレラ・ブルガリス(Chlorella vulgalis)NIES−227、オスシラトリア・テヌイス(Oscillatoria tenuis)MES−33の混合液を用いた。
【0104】
2)試験片の調製
実施例4〜実施例5および比較例1〜比較例3の塗料組成物を、ガラス板上に、均一に塗布し、これを乾燥することによって試験片を調製した。
【0105】
3)試験手順
(1)塗装試料を30×30mmに切断し、これを試験片とした。
【0106】
(2)オートクレーブで滅菌後、固化したAllen’s培地上に試験片を貼付した。
【0107】
(3)供試藻液を、試験片に噴霧した後、光照射下で培養した。
【0108】
(4)2週間目および4週間目における試験片上の藻の生育程度を判定した。その結果を表4に示す。
【0109】
【表4】
表4から明らかなように、実施例4〜実施例5の塗料組成物は、優れた防藻効果を発現していることがわかる。
【0110】
【発明の効果】
本発明の抗菌防かび防藻組成物は、優れた抗菌効果、防かび効果および/または防藻効果を発現するとともに、無機化合物から構成されるので、現在使用されている有機化合物の有効成分に比べて、毒性が低く、また、耐熱性が高く、水による溶脱も少ない。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides an antibacterial and antifungal compositionobject,Specifically, antibacterial and antifungal composition that exhibits antibacterial, antifungal and / or antialgal propertiesTo thingsRelated.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various antibacterial, antifungal and antialgal agents having antibacterial, antifungal and antialgal properties have been applied to indoor paints, outdoor paints and other various paints in order to prevent the growth of harmful microorganisms. Is blended.
[0003]
Examples of such antibacterial agents, fungicides or anti-algae agents include organic iodine compounds, dithiol compounds, thiophene compounds, thiocarbamate compounds, nitrile compounds, haloalkylthio compounds, pyridine compounds, pyrithione. Various compounds such as benzene-based compounds, benzothiazole-based compounds, benzimidazole-based compounds, oxathiazine-based compounds, isothiazoline-based compounds, and haloacetylene-based compounds are used as active ingredients.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, most of these active ingredients currently used are organic compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur or halogen, and many are toxic. In addition, many of these organic compounds have low heat resistance and are easily leached with water.
[0005]
On the other hand, silver is known as a metal having an antibacterial action. However, silver has no fungicidal and algal control effects and is not useful in practice.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and its object is to have excellent safety and heat resistance, hardly leaching with water, good antibacterial effect, antifungal effect and / or Antibacterial and antifungal composition that can exert an algal control effectThingsIt is to provide.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have intensively investigated an antibacterial and antifungal alga composition composed of an inorganic compound that has low toxicity, good heat resistance, and little leaching with water. Discovered that antibacterial and antifungal compositions containing a valent metal phosphate and a divalent metal hydroxide exhibit excellent antibacterial, antifungal and / or antialgal effects, and these In addition, it has been found that a photocatalyst is included to exhibit an excellent synergistic effect under light irradiation, and that a sulfamic acid or / and salt thereof is added to the above, thereby further improving the antibacterial effect and the antibacterial effect. Finding knowledge that exhibits fungicidal and / or algal control effects, and further incorporating the antibacterial and antifungal algal composition thus obtained into the coating composition, thereby providing a coating composition. As a result of finding out the knowledge that the coating film formed by the method exhibits an excellent antibacterial effect, fungicidal effect and / or algal control effect over a long period of time, and further research based on these findings, the present invention is completed. It came.
[0008]
That is, the present invention
(1) Tetravalent metal phosphateWhen,Divalent metal hydroxideAnd sulfamic acid or / and salt thereofAn antibacterial and antifungal algae composition characterized by containing
(2) Tetravalent metal phosphateWhen, Divalent metal hydroxideWhen,photocatalystAnd sulfamic acid or / and salt thereofAn antibacterial and antifungal algae composition characterized by containing
(3) The antibacterial and antifungal composition as described in (1) or (2) above, wherein the tetravalent metal is at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium and tin. ,
(4) The antibacterial protection according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the divalent metal is at least one selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, iron, cobalt and nickel. Mold prevention algae composition,
(5) The antibacterial and antifungal alga composition according to any one of (2) to (4), wherein the photocatalyst is titanium oxide,
(6) The antibacterial and antifungal alga composition according to (1) above, wherein the tetravalent metal is titanium and the divalent metal is zinc,
(7) The antifungal and antifungal composition according to (2) above, wherein the tetravalent metal is titanium, the divalent metal is zinc, and the photocatalyst is titanium oxide.To thingsRelated.
[0009]
In the present invention, the “antibacterial and antifungal algae composition” is a composition that can exhibit at least one of an antibacterial effect, an antifungal effect, and an algae preventive effect. The “coating composition” includes a clear coating composition, and includes a “coating composition” that is applied and coated on a predetermined substrate.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The antibacterial and antifungal composition of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a composition) contains a tetravalent metal phosphate and a divalent metal hydroxide, and if necessary, a photocatalyst. Further, sulfamic acid or / and a salt thereof is further contained therein.
[0011]
The group in the periodic table is not particularly limited as long as the tetravalent metal forming the phosphate used in the present invention is a tetravalent metal. Tetravalent metals include Group 4 elements of the periodic table, such as Group 4A elements (titanium, zirconium, hafnium, thorium, etc.) and Group 4B elements (germanium, tin, lead, etc.). Of these metals, metals belonging to Group 4A elements of the periodic table such as titanium, zirconium, hafnium, and Group 4B elements such as tin are preferable. In particular, titanium and zirconium are preferable, and tin is also preferable.
[0012]
In addition, in this specification, the group number of a periodic table is based on IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) inorganic chemical nomenclature committee naming rule 1970 version.
[0013]
The phosphoric acid constituting the phosphate includes various phosphoric acids such as orthophosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, triphosphoric acid, tetraphosphoric acid and the like. The phosphoric acid is often orthophosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid or pyrophosphoric acid. The phosphate also includes hydrogen phosphates such as hydrogen orthophosphate. In the present specification, unless otherwise specified, “phosphoric acid” means orthophosphoric acid.
[0014]
These tetravalent metal phosphates are usually water-insoluble or sparingly soluble. Further, the phosphate may be a crystalline salt, but is preferably an amorphous salt. These tetravalent metal phosphates can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0015]
The divalent metal forming the hydroxide used in the present invention may be a divalent metal regardless of the group of the periodic table. Examples of the divalent metal include periodic table 1B elements such as copper, periodic table 2A elements such as magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium, periodic table 2B elements such as zinc and cadmium, and periodic tables such as chromium and molybdenum. Periodic table 7A group elements such as 6A group elements and manganese, and periodic table group 8 elements such as iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, nickel and palladium are included. These divalent metal hydroxides can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0016]
Preferred divalent metals include transition metals such as Group 1B elements of the periodic table such as copper, Group 2B elements of the periodic table such as zinc, Group 7A elements of the periodic table such as manganese, Group 8 of the periodic table such as iron, cobalt, and nickel. Contains elements. Particularly preferred divalent metals include copper and zinc, and iron, cobalt and nickel are also preferred.
[0017]
These divalent metal hydroxides are usually insoluble or hardly soluble in a weakly acidic to weakly alkaline region (pH 4 to 10). The hydroxide may be crystalline, but is preferably amorphous.
[0018]
The ratio of the tetravalent metal phosphate to the divalent metal hydroxide can be selected within a range that does not impair the antibacterial effect, fungicidal effect, and / or algal control effect. Atomic ratio (divalent metal / tetravalent metal) = 0.1-10, preferably 0.2-7, more preferably about 0.2-5. In addition, when using combining a some phosphate and / or hydroxide, the metal atomic ratio based on the total amount of each metal should just be in the said range.
[0019]
In addition, the composition of tetravalent metal phosphate and divalent metal hydroxide may be combined by coprecipitation, such as a mixed gel, as will be described later. An amorphous coprecipitation composition is preferred.
[0020]
The photocatalyst used in the present invention is preferably one that acts as a photooxidation catalyst that generates active oxygen by irradiation with light such as ultraviolet rays. Therefore, the photocatalyst often belongs to an oxidizing photocatalyst. As the photocatalyst used in the present invention, various optical semiconductors can be used regardless of whether they are organic or inorganic, but they are often inorganic optical semiconductors. As the photocatalyst, for example, a sulfide semiconductor (CdS, ZnS, In2S3, PbS, Cu2S, MoS3, WS2, Sb3S3, Bi3S3, ZnCdS2Etc.), metal chalcogenite (CdSe, In)2Se3, WSe3, HgSe, PbSe, CdTe, etc.), oxide semiconductor (TiO2, ZnO, WO3, CdO, In2O3, Ag2O, MnO2, Cu2O, Fe2O3, V2O5, SnO2As semiconductors other than sulfides and oxides, GaAs, Si, Se, Cd2P3, Zn2P3Etc. are also included. These photocatalysts can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0021]
Among these photocatalysts, sulfide semiconductors such as CdS and ZnS, TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, WO3Oxide semiconductors such as, for example, oxide semiconductors such as TiO2Etc. are preferable. The crystal structure of the photo semiconductor constituting the photocatalyst is not particularly limited. For example, TiO2May be any of anatase type, pulgite type, rutile type, amorphous type and the like. Preferred TiO2Includes anatase-type titanium oxide.
[0022]
The photocatalyst can be used in the form of a sol or gel and may be used in the form of a powder. When the photocatalyst is used in a granular form, the average particle diameter of the photocatalyst can be selected within a range not impairing the photoactivity, for example, 0.01 to 25 μm, preferably 0.05 to 10 μm, more preferably 0.05 to 5 μm. Degree.
[0023]
The amount of photocatalyst used can be selected within a range that does not impair the antibacterial, fungicidal and / or algal control effects. For example, the total amount of tetravalent metal phosphate and divalent metal hydroxide is 100 parts by weight. On the other hand, it is 1-1000 weight part, Preferably it is 10-750 weight part, More preferably, it is about 20-500 weight part.
[0024]
Further, the tetravalent metal phosphate, the divalent metal hydroxide and the photocatalyst composition may be combined by coprecipitation or the like, such as a mixed gel, as will be described later.
[0025]
Further, the composition of the present invention may contain sulfamic acid or / and sulfamic acid salt. In order to contain sulfamic acid or / and a salt thereof, as described later in detail, it is contained in a composition of a tetravalent metal phosphate, a divalent metal hydroxide and an optional photocatalyst. That's fine.
[0026]
The elements or groups constituting the salt of sulfamic acid include alkali metals such as sodium, potassium and lithium, alkaline earth metals such as calcium and magnesium, transition metals such as nickel, copper and cobalt, ammonium groups, isopropylamine and ethylenediamine And aliphatic amines such as guanidine, amino alcohols such as ethanolamine, aromatic amines such as aniline and phenylenediamine, and heterocyclic amines such as piperazine, piperidine, pyridine, pyrrolidine, morpholine, and methylpyridine. Among these, preferred are alkali metals such as sodium and potassium, transition metals such as ammonium, nickel and copper, and aliphatic amines such as guanidine.
[0027]
The amount of sulfamic acid or its salt to be supported on the composition is determined by the composition (total amount of tetravalent metal phosphate and divalent metal hydroxide, or photocatalyst and silicon dioxide described later are combined with these. In this case, the total amount is usually from 1 to 1000 parts by weight, preferably from 5 to 500 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight.
[0028]
The composition of the present invention can be obtained by various conventional methods. For example, it can be easily obtained by mixing a tetravalent metal phosphate, a divalent metal hydroxide and, if necessary, a photocatalyst. At the time of the mixing, the respective granular components obtained by pulverization or the like may be mixed.
[0029]
Moreover, the composition of the present invention uses a solution containing a component corresponding to a tetravalent metal ion, a divalent metal ion, or a photocatalyst, or an aqueous solution containing two or more metal ions among these metal ions. It is also possible to obtain a mixed precipitate of water-insoluble substances. The mixed precipitate obtained by this method is usually gel-like and becomes a mixture having an amorphous structure upon drying. In this method, the component corresponding to the photocatalyst is preferably adjusted in advance to an appropriate crystal structure and added to the aqueous solution.
[0030]
Various water-soluble metal compounds are used for the preparation of an aqueous solution containing tetravalent metal ions and divalent metal ions. Examples of such water-soluble metal compounds of divalent metals and tetravalent metals include various metal salts and metal alkoxides. As a metal salt, in addition to a normal metal salt (normal salt), an acid salt, an oxy salt, another double salt, or a metal salt in the form of a complex salt may be used. The metal salt may be a compound that is soluble in an acidic solution, even if it is an insoluble compound in the vicinity of a neutral pH of the aqueous solution. Specific examples include the following compounds.
[0031]
(1) Halides such as metal fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide:
CoCl2, NiCl2, CuCl2, ZnCl2, FeF2, FeCl2, FeBr2, FeI2, Na2(SnF6), K2(SnF6), K2(SnCl6), CaCl2, CrCl2, BaCl2, MgCl2, MnCl2, TiCl4, SnCl4, ZrCl4, ThCl4, PbCl4, GeCl4Such.
[0032]
(2) Sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and other sulfates (inorganic acid salts):
FeSO4, CoSO4, (NH4)2Fe (SO4)2, ZnSO4, CdSO4, CrSO4, CuSO4, NiSO4, MgSO4, MnSO4, K2Co (SO4)2, (NH4)2Mn (SO4)2, Zr (SO4)2, Sn (SO4)2, Th (SO4)2, Pb (SO4)2, Ti (SO4)2Such.
[0033]
(3) Nitrate (inorganic acid salt):
Zn (NO3)2, Co (NO3)2, Cd (NO3)2, Ca (NO3)2, Fe (NO3)2, Cu (NO3)2, Ni (NO3)2, Ba (NO3)2, Mn (NO2)2, Zr (NO3)4, Ti (NO3)4, Sn (NO3)4, Th (NO3)4Such.
[0034]
(4) Other various inorganic acid salts such as chlorate, perchlorate, thiocyanate, diamine silver sulfate, diamine silver nitrate and chromate:
Zn (ClO3)2, Ca (ClO3)2, Ba (ClO3)2, Ca (ClO4)2, Fe (ClO4)2, Ni (ClO4)2, Ba (ClO4)2, Mg (ClO4)2, Co (ClO4)2, Zn (SCN)2, Ca (SCN)2, CaCrO4Such.
[0035]
(5) Organic acid salts such as acetate, formate and oxalate:
(CH3CO2)2Zn, (CH3CO2)4Zr, C2O4Co, (CH3CO2)2Co, (CH3CO2)2Fe, (CH3CO2) Cu, (CH3CO2)2Ni, (CH3CO2)2Ba, (CH3CO2)2Mg, (C2O4)2Th etc.
[0036]
(6) Oxymetal salt (oxymetal salt in the form of halide, inorganic acid salt, organic acid salt):
ZrOCl2, ZrOSO4, ThOCl2, TiOSO4, ZrO (NO3)2, ZrOCO3, (NH4)2ZrO (CO3)2, ZrO (CH3CO2)2Such.
[0037]
(7) Metal alkoxides:
Zr (OCH3)4, Ti (OCH3)4, Zr (OC2H5)4, Ti (OC2H5)4C such as1-6Alkoxides and the like.
[0038]
Of these metal compounds, inorganic acid salts, particularly strong acid salts such as sulfates and nitrates, are often used. More specifically, FeSO4, Ti (SO4)2, ZnSO4, CuSO4, Cu (NO3)2Etc. are often used. Of the tetravalent metal compounds, oxymetal salts are often used as titanium compounds and zirconium compounds. Such compounds include, for example, ZrOCl.2, ZrOSO4, TiOSO4Etc. are included.
[0039]
The photocatalyst can also be prepared according to a conventional method, for example, a method of preparing from an aqueous solution containing a metal ion corresponding to the photocatalyst, a method of preparing from a metal alkoxide, a gas phase method of oxidizing at high temperature, and the like.
[0040]
In preparing the photocatalyst, a compound containing a component corresponding to the photocatalyst can be used. Taking titanium oxide as an example, such components include, for example, TiCl.4, TiF4, TiBr4Titanium halides such as Ti (SO4)2, TiOSO4Sulfates such as (CH3O)4Ti, (C2H5O)4Ti, [CH3(CH2)2O]4Ti, [(CH3)2CHO]4Ti, [CH3(CH2)3O]4Ti, [(CH3)2CHCH2O]4C such as Ti1- 6Alkoxy titanium or the like can be used. Further, a titanium oxide sol prepared in advance may be used.
[0041]
In order to produce tetravalent metal phosphates and divalent metal hydroxides, divalent metal hydroxides must be produced in the presence of tetravalent metal phosphates and divalent metal ions. That's fine. For example, (i) a tetravalent metal phosphate may be produced in an aqueous solution in which a tetravalent metal ion and a divalent metal ion coexist, and then a divalent metal hydroxide may be produced. ii) A tetravalent metal phosphate may be formed in advance in an aqueous solution not containing a divalent metal ion, and then an aqueous solution containing a divalent metal ion may be added to form a divalent metal hydroxide.
[0042]
In the method (i), when the composition is formed using an aqueous solution in which tetravalent metal ions and divalent metal ions coexist, the divalent metal is stirred while stirring the aqueous solution containing the tetravalent metal compound and the divalent metal compound. It is only necessary to add phosphoric acid or a phosphate while producing a precipitate of a tetravalent metal phosphate while suppressing the formation of the insoluble hydroxide.
[0043]
In this method, the pH of the aqueous solution containing the tetravalent metal compound and the divalent metal compound is usually in an acidic range, for example, about pH 0.1 to 6, preferably about 0.3 to 4, and 2 if necessary. In order to suppress the formation of a valent metal hydroxide, an acid may be added to adjust to an acidic range, for example, pH 4 or lower, and phosphoric acid or phosphate may be added.
[0044]
When adjusting the pH of the aqueous solution, an appropriate alkali or acid can be used. Examples of the alkali include inorganic bases such as alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, etc.) and ammonia, and organic bases such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, and triethanolamine. Can be used. Examples of the acid include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid, and organic acids such as acetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, formic acid, and oxalic acid.
[0045]
Examples of phosphoric acid or phosphate used to produce insoluble phosphate include orthophosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, and alkali metal salts (for example, sodium salt, potassium salt) and ammonium salts thereof. Can be mentioned. More specifically, the phosphate includes, for example, monobasic sodium phosphate, dibasic sodium phosphate, tribasic sodium phosphate (hereinafter referred to simply as sodium phosphate (first, second and third)). Included), potassium phosphate (first, second and third), ammonium phosphate (first, second and third), sodium metaphosphate, potassium metaphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, etc. It is.
[0046]
In the method (i), the produced tetravalent metal phosphate is usually sufficiently precipitated by aging. As the ripening method, a conventional method, for example, a method of leaving at room temperature for a long time, a method of leaving at a temperature of 100 ° C. or less for a long time, a method of heating to reflux, and the like are used.
[0047]
When the pH is adjusted to a neutral range, for example, pH 4 to 12, by addition of an alkali after completion of aging, a divalent metal hydroxide can be generated. In addition, the production | generation of the said hydroxide is parallel to the neutral region, for example, the range of pH 4-12, for the alkali and the liquid containing the tetravalent metal phosphate after completion | finish of ripening, and a bivalent metal ion. You may carry out by adding in a liquid. In the pH range as described above, a precipitate composed of a divalent metal hydroxide is formed, and the formed hydroxide precipitate and a precipitate of a tetravalent metal insoluble phosphate precipitate or precipitate mixture or It forms as a coprecipitation mixture. In the production of a divalent metal hydroxide, the reaction system may be heated when the reaction at room temperature is slow. Moreover, you may make it react at the temperature of 100 to 200 degreeC under pressure as needed. Stirring may be performed by bubbling using air.
[0048]
In the method (ii), a precipitate of a tetravalent metal phosphate and a hydroxide of a divalent metal can be produced according to the method (i). That is, phosphoric acid or a phosphate is added to an aqueous solution containing the tetravalent metal ion and not containing the divalent metal ion to form a phosphate in advance. After aging the produced phosphate as necessary, the pH is adjusted to an acidic range, for example, pH 4 or lower as necessary, and an aqueous solution containing a divalent metal ion (for example, an aqueous solution containing a metal salt) is added and mixed. As described above, the mixed precipitate may be generated by adjusting the pH to a neutral range, for example, pH 4 or more. In this method, the aging of the tetravalent metal phosphate may be relatively short.
[0049]
When preparing a composition containing a photocatalyst, the photocatalyst may be added to the reaction system for generating a tetravalent metal phosphate and a divalent metal hydroxide, for example, in a granular form, A tetravalent metal phosphate and / or a divalent metal hydroxide may be formed and then added to the reaction system or the generated precipitate. Furthermore, the photocatalyst may be formed simultaneously with the formation of the tetravalent metal phosphate and / or the divalent metal hydroxide. For the production of the photocatalyst, the methods (i) and (ii) are used. For example, when producing titanium oxide, a titanium halide such as titanium chloride, an inorganic acid salt (for example, a sulfate such as titanium sulfate) or an alkoxide is added to the reaction system as necessary, and the pH of the reaction system is adjusted to a medium level. Or alkaline, for example, by adjusting the pH to about 6-12.
[0050]
The sulfamic acid or / and salt thereof is contained in the composition, for example, in any step of the precipitate formation reaction of the above (i) and (ii) or after the precipitate is formed, sulfamic acid or / and salt thereof. Can be carried out by adding an aqueous solution, particularly an aqueous solution.
[0051]
The precipitate thus obtained may be purified by a conventional method as necessary. For example, the reaction solution containing a precipitate such as the mixed precipitate is filtered, washed with a washing solvent such as warm water or water, and purified by removing impurities such as anion species of the metal salt and drying. A composition can be obtained.
[0052]
The filtration can be performed using a filter paper, a filter cloth, or the like under normal temperature, normal pressure, reduced pressure, or increased pressure, and a centrifugal separation method, a vacuum filtration method, or the like may be used. In the cleaning, an inclined cleaning method or the like may be used.
[0053]
The drying operation may be performed by a conventional method, for example, air drying, and is performed under heating at a temperature lower than the decomposition temperature of the composition, for example, about 400 ° C. or lower, preferably 200 ° C. or lower. Also good.
[0054]
The composition of the present invention may further contain silicon dioxide. Silicon dioxide is useful for increasing the specific surface area of the composition and increasing the contact area. The content of silicon dioxide can be selected within a range that does not impair the antibacterial effect, fungicidal effect, and / or algal control effect. For example, the content of silicon dioxide is based on the total amount of tetravalent metal phosphate and divalent metal hydroxide. In terms of metal atomic ratio, silicon / (divalent metal + tetravalent metal) = 0.2 to 10, preferably 0.5 to 8, and more preferably about 1 to 7.
[0055]
The composition of the present invention may further contain an antibacterial metal (for example, silver, copper, zinc, etc.), particularly a silver component, together with or without silicon dioxide. Content of a silver component is 0.1-10 weight% in conversion of metallic silver with respect to the whole composition, Preferably it is 0.5-8 weight%, More preferably, it is about 0.5-7 weight%.
[0056]
The composition of the present invention thus obtained can be obtained as a composition containing a tetravalent metal phosphate and a divalent metal hydroxide. The composition of the present invention exhibits an excellent antibacterial effect, fungicidal effect and / or algal control effect and is composed of an inorganic compound, so that it has toxicity compared to the active ingredients of organic compounds currently used. Low, high heat resistance, and little leaching with water. Therefore, the antibacterial and antifungal composition of the present invention can be applied to various industrial products as an antibacterial agent, antifungal agent and / or algae preventive, and particularly when applied to paints. The coating film formed by the paint can be effectively protected from harmful microorganisms over a long period even in a harsh environment.
[0057]
The composition of the present invention can also be obtained as a composition containing a tetravalent metal phosphate, a divalent metal hydroxide and a photocatalyst. Since this composition further contains a photocatalyst, a synergistic effect due to the photocatalytic action can be exhibited under light irradiation such as sunlight or a fluorescent lamp.
[0058]
Furthermore, the composition of this invention can express the further outstanding antibacterial effect, fungicidal effect, and / or anti-algae effect by containing sulfamic acid or / and its salt.
[0059]
In addition, the composition of the present invention thus obtained is usually 10 to 1000 m.2/ G, preferably 30 to 1000 m2/ G, more preferably 50 to 1000 m2BET specific surface area of about / g. In addition, the composition of the present invention has the above-described antibacterial, antifungal and / or antialgal effects, and also acts as an adsorbent composition having high adsorbability. Therefore, the composition of the present invention exhibits an effect as an antibacterial agent, fungicidal agent and / or algaeproofing agent, and decomposes and removes various compounds (organic compounds and inorganic compounds) including odor components. The effect as a deodorizing composition or a deodorizing composition can also be expressed.
[0060]
The coating composition of the present invention contains the antibacterial and antifungal composition obtained as described above. The blending ratio of the antibacterial and antifungal alga composition in the coating composition is 0.1 to 95% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 50% by weight. In addition, the coating composition of the present invention contains a composition necessary as a coating, for example, a resin, and, if necessary, extender pigments and coloring pigments, and other additives.
[0061]
The resin is not limited at all. For example, acrylic resin, acrylic styrene resin, styrene resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, vinyl acetal resin, fluorine resin, polyester resin, amino resin, epoxy resin Polyurethane resin, silicone resin, etc. are used. Among these, an acrylic resin is preferably used. The blending ratio of the resin in the coating composition is 5 to 99% by weight, preferably 10 to 80% by weight. Further, these resins are preferably emulsion resins as described later, and acrylic emulsion resins are preferably used as the emulsion resins.
[0062]
Examples of extender pigments include calcium carbonate, talc, clay, barium sulfate, silica, and calcium carbonate. This extender pigment need not be blended, but when blended, the blending ratio of the extender pigment in the coating composition is 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably 1 to 30% by weight. .
[0063]
As the coloring pigment, for example, inorganic pigments such as titanium white, bengara, chromium oxide, chrome lead, and zinc oxide, and organic pigments such as Hansa Yellow, Lake Red, phthalocyanine blue, and Shinkasha red are used. This coloring pigment may not be blended, but when blended, the blending ratio of the coloring pigment in the coating composition is 0.01 to 50% by weight, preferably 1 to 30% by weight. .
[0064]
As other additives, for example, various additives such as antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, preservatives and the like are used, and they are appropriately blended depending on the purpose and use of the coating composition. Moreover, you may mix | blend antibacterial agents, fungicides, or an algae preventive agent other than the antibacterial fungicides anti-algae composition of this invention suitably.
[0065]
The coating composition of the present invention may further contain sulfamic acid or / and a salt thereof. By containing sulfamic acid or / and a salt thereof, a further excellent antibacterial effect, fungicidal effect and / or algal control effect can be expressed.
[0066]
As the sulfamic acid or / and salt thereof, those similar to the above-mentioned sulfamic acid or / and salt thereof are used. When sulfamic acid or / and salt thereof is blended, the blending ratio of sulfamic acid or / and salt thereof in the coating composition is 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight. is there.
[0067]
The sulfamic acid or / and salt thereof may not be blended in any of the antibacterial and antifungal algae composition and the coating composition of the present invention, and is blended in the antibacterial and fungicidal composition of the present invention. The antibacterial and antifungal composition of the present invention may not be blended in the coating composition, and may be blended in the coating composition. You may mix | blend with both an antifungal anti-algae composition and a coating composition.
[0068]
In addition, the sulfamic acid or / and salt thereof contained in the coating composition of the present invention is 0.1 to 70% by weight in the coating composition as a total amount regardless of any of the above-described aspects, Is preferably contained in an amount of 0.1 to 30% by weight.
[0069]
The form of the coating composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be used as an organic solvent-based coating composition or as a water-based coating composition. When used as an organic solvent-based coating composition, each component containing the antibacterial, antifungal and anti-algae composition may be prepared by dispersing it in an organic solvent in an appropriate ratio. When using as, each component containing the antibacterial and antifungal composition may be prepared by suspending or emulsifying in water at an appropriate ratio. Of these, the coating composition of the present invention is preferably prepared as a water-based coating composition.
[0070]
In order to prepare the coating composition of the present invention as a water-based coating composition, for example, an emulsion coating, for example, after preparing a mill base containing extender pigments, coloring pigments and an antibacterial and antifungal alga composition, Then, each component as a let-down is blended sequentially. The preparation of the mill base is carried out by, for example, blending an extender pigment, a coloring pigment and an antibacterial and antifungal alga composition into water, and if necessary, sulfamic acid or / and a salt thereof, an antifreezing agent (such as ethylene glycol), a dispersing agent, After adding known additives such as a wetting agent and an antifoaming agent, the mixture is stirred.
[0071]
The mill base prepared in this manner is used as a letdown emulsion resin, and if necessary, a surfactant, a film-forming aid (such as a high-boiling solvent), an antifoaming agent, a pH adjusting agent, and a thickening agent. What is necessary is just to stir-mix after adding well-known additives, such as. When the coating composition of the present invention is prepared as such an emulsion coating, an antifreezing agent (such as ethylene glycol) and a film-forming aid (such as a high-boiling solvent) are used to reduce VOC. It is preferable to prepare it according to a formulation not used.
[0072]
And since the coating composition of this invention is mix | blended with the antibacterial and antifungal alga composition, the coating film formed with the coating composition of this invention is excellent over a long period of time also in a high-temperature, high-humidity environment. It exhibits antibacterial, antifungal and / or algal control effects.
[0073]
Therefore, if the coating composition of the present invention is used as, for example, a coating for painting an indoor bathroom or an outdoor outer wall, the antibacterial effect can be obtained over a long period without being leached by the environment or moisture or rainwater. An antifungal effect and / or an algal control effect can be maintained. In addition, if the coating composition of the present invention is applied to a kitchen, an excellent antibacterial effect can be expressed, and a good sanitary environment of the kitchen can be secured. By exhibiting an excellent fungicidal effect, it is possible to ensure a good sanitary environment in the bathroom. Furthermore, the coating composition of the present invention is highly safe for the human body and can be used as a more environmentally friendly coating.
[0074]
In addition, the coating composition of this invention is not limited to said use at all, For example, you may prepare as a clear coating, without mix | blending a coloring pigment and an extender.
[0075]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the examples and comparative examples.
[0076]
Example 1 (Preparation of composition (Zn (II) -Ti (IV)))
43.7 g of a titanium sulfate solution (concentration of about 30 g by weight, a reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added to 25.8 g of water. This aqueous solution contained 0.055 moles of Ti (IV) ions. When about 53.6 g of a 15% by weight phosphoric acid aqueous solution was dropped into this aqueous solution with stirring at room temperature, a white precipitate was formed. The mixed liquid in which a white precipitate was formed was stirred as it was for 2 hours.
[0077]
Zinc sulfate crystals (ZnSO4・ 7H26.75 g of O, Wako Pure Chemicals reagent special grade) was added and dissolved. This mixed solution contained 0.023 mol of Zn (II) ions. To the resulting mixture, 15% sodium hydroxide solution was added dropwise until the pH was 7.0. In addition, when pH fell at the time of dripping of sodium hydroxide, the sodium hydroxide solution was further added and pH was maintained at about 7.0. When stirring was continued until no decrease in pH was observed, a white precipitate containing Zn (II) -Ti (IV) was formed.
[0078]
The produced white precipitate is filtered off with suction, washed thoroughly with warm deionized water, dried at 40 ° C., and the dried product is pulverized to 120 μm or less in a mortar, thereby forming an antibacterial and antifungal algal composition of white powder. (Zn (II) -Ti (IV)) was obtained.
[0079]
Example 2 (Composition (Zn (II) -Ti (IV) -TiO2) Preparation)
30 parts by weight of titanium oxide powder (Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., MC-90) is added to 70 parts by weight of the antibacterial and antifungal composition (Zn (II) -Ti (IV)) obtained in Example 1. The resulting mixture is supplied to a jet mill grinder and further pulverized to obtain a fine powder. An antibacterial and antifungal composition (Zn (II) -Ti (IV) -TiO)2) In addition, the average particle diameter of the fine powder of the obtained antibacterial and antifungal alga composition was 5 μm.
[0080]
Example 3 (Composition (Ammonium sulfamate-supported Zn (II) -Ti (IV) -TiO2) Preparation)
43.7 parts by weight of a titanium sulfate solution (concentration of about 30% by weight, a reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added to 25.8 parts by weight of water. This aqueous solution contained 0.055 mol of Ti (IV) ions. When 53.6 parts by weight of a 15% by weight aqueous phosphoric acid solution was added dropwise to this aqueous solution with stirring at room temperature, a white precipitate was formed. The mixed liquid in which a white precipitate was formed was stirred as it was for 2 hours.
[0081]
Zinc sulfate crystals (ZnSO4・ 7H2O, 6.75 parts by weight of Wako Pure Chemicals reagent special grade) was added and dissolved. This mixture contained 0.023 mol of Zn (II) ions.
[0082]
To the resulting mixture, 15% sodium hydroxide solution was added dropwise until the pH was 7.0. In addition, when pH fell at the time of dripping of sodium hydroxide, the sodium hydroxide solution was further added and pH was maintained at about 7.0. When stirring was continued until no decrease in pH was observed, a white precipitate containing Zn (II) -Ti (IV) was formed.
[0083]
The produced white precipitate was filtered off with suction, washed thoroughly with warm deionized water, dried at 40 ° C., and the dried product was pulverized to 120 μm or less in a mortar to obtain Zn (II) -Ti (IV). A white powder containing was obtained.
[0084]
30 parts by weight of titanium oxide (MC-90, manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.) was mixed with 70 parts by weight of the obtained white powder, and the mixture was applied to a jet mill pulverizer to obtain Zn (II) -Ti (IV) -TiO 2.2A fine powder having an average particle size of 5 μm was obtained.
[0085]
To 100 parts by weight of 50% by weight ammonium sulfamate aqueous solution, 50 parts by weight of the fine powder was gradually added with stirring, and the mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes. After standing at room temperature for 30 minutes, filtration and washing with water were performed twice, and the filtration residue was dried with a hot air dryer at 120 ° C. for 2 hours. After allowing to cool to room temperature, it is pulverized in a mortar and antibacterial and antifungal alga composition (ammonium sulfamate-supported Zn (II) -Ti (IV) -TiO2)
[0086]
Example 4 to5And Comparative Example 1~ 3(Preparation of coating composition)
In the ratio (% by weight) shown in Table 1, first, titanium white, extender pigment, and antibacterial and antifungal algae composition(ActualExamples4: Composition of Example 3 (Ammonium sulfamate-supported Zn (II) -Ti (IV) -TiO2),Example5: Composition of Example 2 (Zn (II) -Ti (IV) -TiO2), Comparative Example 1: No additionComparative Example 2: Composition of Example 1 (Zn (II) -Ti (IV)) Comparative Example 3: Composition of Example 2 (Zn (II) -Ti (IV) -TiO) 2 ),) In addition to water, ethylene glycol, dispersant, wetting agent, antifoaming agent, 50% by weight ammonium sulfamate aqueous solution (Example 5Only) was added, followed by stirring and mixing to prepare a mill base. Subsequently, as a letdown, an emulsion resin, a surfactant, a film-forming aid, an antifoaming agent, an antiseptic, a thickener, water, a pH adjuster (Examples 4 to Examples)5 and Comparative Examples 2 to 3Only) were added sequentially, followed by stirring and mixing, so that Examples 4 to5And Comparative Example 1~ 3A coating composition was obtained. Details of each component are shown below.
[0087]
(Mill base)
Titanium white: Rutile type titanium oxide (trade name: TITANIX JR-900, manufactured by Teika Co., Ltd.)
Extender pigment: calcium carbonate (trade name: Whiten SB, manufactured by Shiraishi Calcium Co., Ltd.)
Dispersant: Polycarboxylic acid sodium salt (trade name: Orotan 850, manufactured by Rohm and Haas)
Wetting agent: alkyl ether sulfate (trade name: Triton CF-10, manufactured by Union Carbide)
Antifoaming agent: mixture of mineral oil and polyethylene glycol type nonionic surfactant (trade name: Nopco 8043-L, manufactured by San Nopco Co., Ltd.)
(Let down)
Emulsion resin: Acrylic / styrene emulsion (trade name: Ultrazol C-62, manufactured by Ganz Kasei Co., Ltd.)
Surfactant: 50% by weight solution of polyoxyethylene derivative (trade name: Emulgen A-500, manufactured by Kao Corporation)
Film-forming aid: 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate (trade name: CS-12, manufactured by Chisso Corporation)
Antifoaming agent: A mixture of mineral oil and polyethylene glycol type nonionic surfactant (product surface: Nopco 8034-L, manufactured by San Nopco)
Preservative: Nitrogen halide sulfur compound (trade name: Suraoff CA, manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited)
Thickener: 2% by weight aqueous solution of hydroxyethyl cellulose (trade name: SP-600, manufactured by Daicel Corporation)
pH adjuster: Ammonia water (28%)
[0088]
[Table 1]
[0089]
Test example 1 (antibacterial test)
1) Test bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus IFO 3061 and Escherichia coli IFO-3044 were used.
[0090]
2) Preparation of bacterial solution
The cells of the above-mentioned test strains cultured in a normal broth liquid medium at 28 ° C. for 18 hours, D. After preparation at 660 nm 0.2, a dispersion in 1/500 concentration Nutrient Broth medium was used as the inoculum.
[0091]
3) Preparation of test piece
Example 4 to Example5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3The coating composition was applied uniformly on a glass plate and dried to prepare a test piece.
[0092]
4) Test procedure
After immersing the test piece in water for 24 hours, 0.5 mL of the bacterial solution was dropped on the test piece (5 × 5 cm), and a polyethylene film was placed on the test piece to adhere the test piece and the bacterial solution. Then, after culturing at constant temperature and humidity of 33 ° C. for 24 hours and under light irradiation (7600 Lx) for 24 hours, the cells were washed with 10 mL of sterilized water, and the viable cell count in the solution was measured using a bouillon agar medium. The results are shown in Table 2. In Table 2, the initial number of bacteria is the number of bacteria in the inoculum used for the test sample.
[0093]
[Table 2]
As is clear from Table 2, Examples 4 to 45It can be seen that this coating composition exhibits an excellent antibacterial effect.
[0094]
Test example 2 (mold prevention test)
1) Test liquid
A mixed solution of Aspergillus niger IFO6341, Penicillium citrinum IFO6352, Cladosporium cladosporioides IFO6348 was used as the test fungus.
[0095]
2) Preparation of test piece
Example 4 to Example5And the coating composition of the comparative example 1 was uniformly apply | coated on the glass plate, and the test piece was prepared by drying this.
[0096]
3) Test procedure
(1) The coated sample was cut into 30 × 30 mm and used as a test piece.
[0097]
(2) The test piece was immersed in 200 mL of water at 40 ° C. for 1 day, and then naturally dried for 24 hours.
[0098]
(3) A glucose agar medium sterilized by autoclaving was poured into a Petri dish having a diameter of 9 cm, and a test piece was attached to the center of the solidified agar plate.
[0099]
(4) After spraying the test fungus on the test piece, it was cultured at 28 ° C. for 4 weeks.
[0100]
(5) (3) and (4) were repeated.
[0101]
(6) After culturing, the degree of fungal growth on the test piece on the seventh day was determined for each of those irradiated with light (7600 Lx) and those not irradiated. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0102]
[Table 3]
As is apparent from Table 3, Examples 4 to Example5It can be seen that this coating composition exhibits an excellent fungicidal effect.
[0103]
Test Example 3 (Algae prevention test)
1) Test algae liquid
A mixed solution of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii C-238, Chlorella vulgalis NIES-227, and Oscillatoria tenuis MES-33 was used as a test algae solution.
[0104]
2) Preparation of test piece
Example 4 to Example5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3The coating composition was applied uniformly on a glass plate and dried to prepare a test piece.
[0105]
3) Test procedure
(1) The coated sample was cut into 30 × 30 mm and used as a test piece.
[0106]
(2) After sterilization with an autoclave, a test piece was stuck on the solidified Allen's medium.
[0107]
(3) The test algae solution was sprayed on the test piece and then cultured under light irradiation.
[0108]
(4) The degree of growth of algae on the test piece at the second and fourth weeks was determined. The results are shown in Table 4.
[0109]
[Table 4]
As is clear from Table 4, Examples 4 to5It can be seen that this coating composition exhibits an excellent algal control effect.
[0110]
【The invention's effect】
The antibacterial and antifungal composition of the present invention exhibits an excellent antibacterial effect, fungicidal and / or algal control effect, and is composed of an inorganic compound, so that it is an active ingredient for organic compounds currently used. In comparison, it has low toxicity, high heat resistance, and little leaching with water.
Claims (7)
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| JP2001296636A JP4807916B2 (en) | 2001-04-27 | 2001-09-27 | Antibacterial and antifungal composition |
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| JP2001-130847 | 2001-04-27 | ||
| JP2001130847 | 2001-04-27 | ||
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| JP2001296636A JP4807916B2 (en) | 2001-04-27 | 2001-09-27 | Antibacterial and antifungal composition |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP3994112A4 (en) * | 2018-02-17 | 2023-09-06 | Kanumuru, Rahul Raju | Plant nutrient compositions of transition metal phosphate and combinations thereof |
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| CZ295689B6 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2005-09-14 | Lifetech S. R. O. | Composition for controlling alga and microorganisms in aqueous environment |
| JP2006249717A (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-21 | Asahi Glass Buil-Wall Co Ltd | Finishing method of outer wall material surface |
| JP5065617B2 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2012-11-07 | パナソニック株式会社 | Coating material for artificial marble |
| KR20100101589A (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2010-09-17 | 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 인크. | Process for preparing latex paints containing biocides, grind and dispersion phase for latex paintsa |
| CA3115405A1 (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2020-05-14 | Rhodia Operations | Aqueous coatings containing biosurfactants as bio-adjuvants and methods for using same |
| KR102306660B1 (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-09-30 | 주식회사 대수하이테크 | Antibacterial deodorant containing titanium dioxide photocatalyst |
| EP4108730A1 (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2022-12-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Antimicrobial protective layer, substrate having the antimicrobial protective layer and method for producing the substrate with the antimicrobial protective layer |
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| JPH0559308A (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 1993-03-09 | Toagosei Chem Ind Co Ltd | Antibacterial coating composition |
| JPH10158101A (en) * | 1996-11-29 | 1998-06-16 | Takeda Chem Ind Ltd | Plant freshness retaining agent and its production |
| JPH11130985A (en) * | 1997-10-27 | 1999-05-18 | Mizusawa Ind Chem Ltd | Antibacterial / deodorant coating composition having photocatalytic function |
| JP5224425B2 (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2013-07-03 | 日本エンバイロケミカルズ株式会社 | Paint composition |
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| EP3994112A4 (en) * | 2018-02-17 | 2023-09-06 | Kanumuru, Rahul Raju | Plant nutrient compositions of transition metal phosphate and combinations thereof |
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