JP4808516B2 - Cone beam X-ray CT imaging apparatus for head and neck and cephalometric image creation method using this apparatus - Google Patents
Cone beam X-ray CT imaging apparatus for head and neck and cephalometric image creation method using this apparatus Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、頭頸部用コーンビームＸ線ＣＴ撮影装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a cone-beam X-ray CT imaging apparatus for head and neck.
更に詳しくは、頭頸部用コーンビームＸ線ＣＴ撮影装置によるセファロ画像作成に関する。 More specifically, the present invention relates to cephalo image creation by a head and neck cone beam X-ray CT imaging apparatus.
通常、歯科矯正領域で診断に用いられる正面・側面セファロ撮影法は、焦点−被写体間寸法を１．５ｍまたは、２ｍとし焦点−受像部間寸法を１．６５ｍまたは、２．２ｍとして拡大率が１．１倍になる撮影条件で撮影することが一般的に知られている。従って、この種の撮影には、規格撮影が可能なセファロ付きパノラマＸ線撮影装置あるいはセファロ撮影専用機で撮影されるのが一般的である。一方、現在ある頭頸部用コーンビームＸ線ＣＴ撮影装置では、拡大率が大きくなる。またＸ線ＣＴ撮影により取得したＣＴ画像からは、通常セファロ画像を再構成処理することができないのが現状である。 Usually, the front and side cephalometric imaging method used for diagnosis in the orthodontic region has a magnification ratio of 1.5 m or 2 m between the focus and the subject and 1.65 m or 2.2 m between the focus and the image receiving part. It is generally known to shoot under shooting conditions that increase 1.1 times. Therefore, this type of imaging is generally performed with a panoramic X-ray imaging apparatus with a cephalo capable of standard imaging or a cephalometric imaging machine. On the other hand, in the existing head-and-neck cone beam X-ray CT imaging apparatus, the enlargement ratio is large. In addition, from the CT image acquired by X-ray CT imaging, it is currently impossible to reconstruct a normal cephalometric image.
頭頸部用コーンビームＸ線ＣＴ撮影装置において、Ｘ線ＣＴ撮影により取得した顔全体のＣＴ画像からセファロ画像を画像再構成処理することは出来ず、セファロ画像が必要な時には、セファロ撮影専用機等で撮影している。これにより被検者の被曝が増えることになる。 In a cone-and-beam X-ray CT imaging system for head and neck, it is not possible to reconstruct a cephalometric image from the CT image of the entire face acquired by X-ray CT imaging. Shooting with. This increases the exposure of the subject.
本発明は、上記した問題点に鑑みなされたもので、頭頸部用コーンビームＸ線ＣＴ撮影装置において、Ｘ線ＣＴ撮影により取得した顔全体のＣＴ画像から頭部Ｘ線規格撮影の撮影条件である前記拡大率１．１倍のセファロ画像を画像再構成処理することのできる装置の提供を目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems. In the cone-beam X-ray CT imaging apparatus for head and neck, the imaging conditions for cephalometric X-ray imaging from the CT image of the entire face acquired by X-ray CT imaging. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus capable of performing image reconstruction processing on a certain cephalometric image having an enlargement ratio of 1.1.
請求項１に係る発明は、被検者の頭部を挟んで一端にコーンビームＸ線を照射するためのＸ線発生器と他の一端に被検者の頭部を透過したＸ線を検知するための受像装置が対向配置された旋回アームが旋回して被検者の対象部位のＸ線ＣＴ撮影を行う頭頸部用コーンビームＸ線ＣＴ撮影装置において、中心を示すマーカーを埋め込んだ左右イヤーロッドを有する位置決め装置に、被検者を位置決めしてＸ線ＣＴ撮影により取得した顔全体のＣＴ画像から前記マーカーを認識して左右のイヤーロッド位置を結ぶ線を基準としたＭＰＲ画像を取得し、このＭＰＲ画像を拡大率１．１倍に拡大し、左右のイヤーロッド位置を基準にして拡大したＭＰＲ画像からＲａｙＳｕｍ画像を作成して被検者の正面又は側面のセファロ画像を作成することを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 1 detects an X-ray generator for irradiating a cone beam X-ray at one end across the head of the subject and an X-ray transmitted through the subject's head at the other end. Left and right ears in which a marker indicating the center is embedded in a head-and-neck cone-beam X-ray CT imaging apparatus in which an X-ray CT imaging of a target region of a subject is performed by a revolving arm on which an image receiving apparatus for facing is turned The positioning device having the rod recognizes the marker from the CT image of the entire face obtained by positioning the subject and acquired by X-ray CT imaging, and acquires an MPR image based on a line connecting the left and right ear rod positions. , Enlarge the MPR image to an enlargement ratio of 1.1 times, create a RaySum image from the enlarged MPR image with reference to the left and right ear rod positions, and create a cephalometric image of the front or side of the subject. Characteristic To.
請求項３に記載の発明は、被検者の頭部を挟んで一端にコーンビームＸ線を照射するためのＸ線発生器と他の一端に被検者の頭部を透過したＸ線を検知するための受像装置が対向配置された旋回アームが旋回して被検者の対象部位のＸ線ＣＴ撮影を行う頭頸部用コーンビームＸ線ＣＴ撮影装置を用いて撮影した顔全体のＣＴ画像からセファロ画像を作成するセファロ画像作成方法であって、中心を示すマーカーを埋め込んだ左右イヤーロッドを有する位置決め装置に、被検者を位置決めしてＸ線ＣＴ撮影により取得した顔全体のＣＴ画像から前記マーカーを認識して左右のイヤーロッド位置を結ぶ線に垂直なＭＰＲ画像を取得し、このＭＰＲ画像を拡大率１．１倍に拡大し、左右のイヤーロッド位置を基準にして拡大したＭＰＲ画像からＲａｙＳｕｍ画像を作成して被検者の正面又は側面のセファロ画像を作成することを特徴とする。 The invention described in claim 3 is an X-ray generator for irradiating cone beam X-rays at one end across the head of the subject and X-rays transmitted through the subject's head at the other end. A CT image of the entire face imaged using a head and neck cone beam X-ray CT imaging apparatus in which an X-ray CT imaging of a subject site of a subject is performed by a revolving arm having an image receiving device for detection opposed to it. A cephalo image creation method for creating a cephalo image from a CT image of a whole face acquired by X-ray CT imaging by positioning a subject on a positioning device having left and right ear rods embedded with a marker indicating the center An MPR image that recognizes the marker and acquires an MPR image perpendicular to a line connecting the left and right ear rod positions, enlarges the MPR image by 1.1 times, and expands the MPR image with reference to the left and right ear rod positions. To Ra Create a Sum image, characterized in that to create a cephalometric image of the front or side of the subject.
上記した頭頸部用コーンビームＸ線ＣＴ撮影装置において、Ｘ線ＣＴ撮影により取得した顔全体のＣＴ画像から前記拡大率１．１倍のセファロ画像（頭部Ｘ線規格画像）が画像再構成処理できることにより、新たにセファロ撮影専用機等での撮影が不必要になり被検者への被曝を低減することができる。また術者への負担の軽減にも繋がる。 In the above head-and-neck cone-beam X-ray CT imaging apparatus, the cephalometric image (head X-ray standard image) having the magnification of 1.1 times is image-reconstructed from the CT image of the entire face acquired by X-ray CT imaging. By being able to do so, it becomes unnecessary to perform imaging with a dedicated machine for Cephalo imaging and the exposure to the subject can be reduced. It also helps reduce the burden on the surgeon.
以下に、図面に従って本発明の実施態様について説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
図１は、本発明の頭頸部用コーンビームＸ線ＣＴ撮影装置の一実施例の全体図である。図中、１はＸ線発生器、２は受像装置、３は位置決め装置を示している。Ｘ線発生器１は旋回アームの一端に配置され、受像装置２は旋回アームの他端に被検者の頭部を挟んで対向配置されている。位置決め装置３の左右イヤーロッドには、セファロ撮影専用機等で使用しているイヤーロッドと同じように、その中心を示すマーカーが埋め込まれている。この位置決め装置３に被検者を位置決めして旋回アームが旋回して顔全体のＣＴ撮影が行われる。
FIG. 1 is an overall view of an embodiment of a cone-beam X-ray CT imaging apparatus for head and neck according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an X-ray generator, 2 is an image receiving device, and 3 is a positioning device. The X-ray generator 1 is disposed at one end of the swivel arm, and the
図２は、本発明の頭頸部用コーンビームＸ線撮影装置でのＸ線ＣＴ撮影時の拡大率の説明図である。図に於いて、Ａは焦点−被写体正中矢状面間距離、Ｂは正中矢状面−受像面間距離、Ｃは焦点−受像面間距離である。この図より拡大率はＣ／ＡとなりＡとＣの距離を比較するとその差が大きく拡大率は１．１倍より大きくなることがわかる。 FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an enlargement ratio at the time of X-ray CT imaging with the cone-beam X-ray imaging apparatus for head and neck of the present invention. In the figure, A is the distance between the focus and the subject's midsagittal plane, B is the distance between the midsagittal plane and the image receiving plane, and C is the distance between the focus and the image receiving plane. From this figure, the enlargement ratio is C / A, and when the distances A and C are compared, the difference is large and the enlargement ratio is greater than 1.1 times.
図３は、セファロ付き歯科用パノラマＸ線撮影装置でのセファロ撮影時の拡大率の説明図である。また、図４は、セファロ撮影専用機での拡大率の説明図である。セファロ付き歯科用パノラマＸ線撮影装置及びセファロ撮影専用機の拡大率は１．１倍になるようにＡとＣの距離が決められている。よって図３及び図４にあるＡとＣの距離を比較すると、その差が小さいことがわかる。 Figure 3 is an explanatory view magnification when cephalometric photographing in degrees Faro with dental panoramic X-ray imaging apparatus. Further, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the magnification in degrees Faro shooting dedicated machine. The distance between A and C is determined so that the enlargement ratio of the dental panoramic X-ray imaging apparatus with cephalos and the dedicated cephalometric imaging machine is 1.1 times. Therefore, comparing the distance between A and C in FIGS. 3 and 4, it can be seen that the difference is small.
ＣＴ画像からセファロ画像を作成する画像再構成アルゴリズムの本発明の一実施例を説明する。被検者の位置決め装置３の左右イヤーロッドにセファロ撮影専用機等で使用しているイヤーロッドと同じように、その中心を示すマーカーを埋め込み、この位置決め装置３に被検者を位置決めして顔全体のＣＴ撮影を行う。次に得られたＣＴ画像から左右イヤーロッドのマーカーを自動で認識して、左右のイヤーロッド位置を結ぶ線に垂直な方向のＭＰＲ画像をボクセルサイズのピッチで取得する。そして、この画像を頭部規格撮影の撮影条件である前記拡大率１．１倍になるように拡大する。その後、左右のイヤーロッド位置を基準点にして拡大したＭＰＲ画像からＲａｙＳｕｍ画像を作成し、その画像をセファロ画像として汎用形式で出力する。図５及び図６は、本発明の頭頸部用コーンビームＸ線ＣＴ撮影装置により作成され表示ソフトにより表示された正面セファロ画像及び側面セファロ画像である。 An embodiment of the present invention of an image reconstruction algorithm for creating a cephalo image from a CT image will be described. A marker indicating the center is embedded in the left and right ear rods of the subject positioning device 3 in the same manner as the ear rods used in a dedicated Cefaro imaging machine, and the subject is positioned in the positioning device 3 and the face Perform the entire CT scan. Next, the left and right ear rod markers are automatically recognized from the obtained CT image, and MPR images in the direction perpendicular to the line connecting the left and right ear rod positions are acquired at a pitch of voxel size. Then, this image is enlarged so that the enlargement ratio is 1.1 times, which is the imaging condition for head-standard imaging. Thereafter, a RaySum image is created from the enlarged MPR image with the left and right ear rod positions as reference points, and the image is output as a cephalometric image in a general format. 5 and 6 are a front cephalo image and a side cephalo image created by the cone-beam X-ray CT imaging apparatus for head and neck of the present invention and displayed by display software.
１ Ｘ線発生器
２ 受像装置
３ 位置決め装置
1
Claims (4)
中心を示すマーカーを埋め込んだ左右イヤーロッドを有する位置決め装置に、被検者を位置決めしてＸ線ＣＴ撮影により取得した顔全体のＣＴ画像から前記マーカーを認識して左右のイヤーロッド位置を結ぶ線を基準としたＭＰＲ画像を取得し、このＭＰＲ画像を拡大率１．１倍に拡大し、左右のイヤーロッド位置を基準にして拡大したＭＰＲ画像からＲａｙＳｕｍ画像を作成して被検者の正面又は側面のセファロ画像を作成することを特徴とする頭頸部用コーンビームＸ線ＣＴ撮影装置。 An X-ray generator for irradiating cone beam X-rays at one end across the subject's head and an image receiving device for detecting X-rays transmitted through the subject's head at the other end are opposed to each other. in a subject line cormorant head and neck cone-beam X-ray CT imaging apparatus an X-ray CT imaging of sites of turning arm pivot which is,
A line connecting right and left ear rod positions by recognizing the marker from the CT image of the entire face obtained by positioning the subject and obtaining the X-ray CT image on a positioning device having left and right ear rods embedded with a marker indicating the center The MPR image is acquired with reference to the image, and the MPR image is enlarged by an enlargement ratio of 1.1 times, and a RaySum image is created from the enlarged MPR image with reference to the left and right earrod positions, A cone-beam X-ray CT imaging apparatus for a head and neck, which is characterized by creating a side-view Cephalo image .
中心を示すマーカーを埋め込んだ左右イヤーロッドを有する位置決め装置に、被検者を位置決めしてＸ線ＣＴ撮影により取得した顔全体のＣＴ画像から前記マーカーを認識して左右のイヤーロッド位置を結ぶ線を基準としたＭＰＲ画像を取得し、このＭＰＲ画像を拡大率１．１倍に拡大し、左右のイヤーロッド位置を基準にして拡大したＭＰＲ画像からＲａｙＳｕｍ画像を作成して被検者の正面又は側面のセファロ画像を作成することを特徴とする頭頸部用コーンビームＸ線ＣＴ撮影装置を用いたセファロ画像作成方法。 A line connecting right and left ear rod positions by recognizing the marker from the CT image of the entire face obtained by positioning the subject and obtaining the X-ray CT image on a positioning device having left and right ear rods embedded with a marker indicating the center The MPR image is acquired with reference to the image, and the MPR image is enlarged by an enlargement ratio of 1.1 times, and a RaySum image is created from the enlarged MPR image with reference to the left and right earrod positions, or the front of the subject or A method for producing a cephalo image using a cone-beam X-ray CT imaging apparatus for head and neck, wherein a cephalo image of a side surface is produced.
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