JP4819615B2 - Method for dividing solid-liquid mixed fluid - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for dividing a solid-liquid mixed fluid composed of solid particles and liquid, which is continuously supplied through piping, and the composition of the solid particles and liquid of the solid-liquid mixed fluid divided into two or more is any The present invention relates to a dividing method that is the same, that is, has no difference in the composition of solid particles and liquid in a solid-liquid mixed fluid in comparison between divided solid-liquid mixed fluids.

  One of the methods of moving solid particles is a solid-liquid mixed fluid obtained by mixing the liquid and solid particles using a liquid that does not cause a chemical reaction with the solid particles or does not cause a physical change such as dissolution. The method of moving by this is conventionally known. Specifically, a method using a pipe is a typical example, similar to the movement of liquid. After the movement, the solid-liquid mixed fluid is again separated into solid particles and liquid by various known methods or apparatuses, and the required solid particles are recovered.

  In the separation of solid particles and liquids, if the processing amount increases or the processing speed is increased, it is possible to change the separation method suitable for them, increase the size of the separation device, or install multiple devices in parallel. Be taken.

  By the way, when installing a plurality of separation devices, it is necessary to divide the solid-liquid mixed fluid. The conventional solid-liquid mixed fluid is divided by a pipe branching method or a dividing method using a dedicated dividing device (Patent Documents 1 to 3).

However, the splitting method by pipe branching is economical because the installation cost and the maintenance cost are low, and the composition ratio of the solid particles and the liquid of the divided solid-liquid mixed fluid cannot be obtained uniformly, or the solid-liquid mixing There is a problem that the divided amount of fluid is not the same. When such a problem occurs, problems such as separation of solid particles and liquid from the solid-liquid mixed fluid, and subsequent recovery of the solid particle recovery facility capacity deviate from more separated facilities. On the other hand, the dividing method using a dividing device different from the pipe branching, on the contrary, can be divided equally, but has a problem such as a large economic burden.
JP 2001239112 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-040686 JP 2006-110498 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a solid-liquid mixed fluid splitting method composed of solid particles and liquid continuously supplied through a pipe, wherein the composition of the solid particles and liquid of the solid-liquid mixed fluid divided into two or more is All are the same, that is, to provide a dividing method in which there is no difference in the composition of solid particles and liquid in the solid-liquid mixed fluid in comparison between the divided solid-liquid mixed fluid.

The solid-liquid mixed fluid dividing method of the present invention is specifically provided by the following [1] to [6].
[1] A method of dividing a solid-liquid mixed fluid composed of solid particles and liquid continuously supplied through a pipe,
1) The horizontally arranged pipe immediately before dividing the solid-liquid mixed fluid is raised vertically, and the length of the vertically raised pipe is 3 to 10 times the pipe diameter, and Or
2) By expanding the horizontal pipe diameter just before dividing the solid-liquid mixed fluid to 3 to 5 times the pipe diameter up to that time ,
Solid-liquid mixed fluid characterized in that the weight ratio of solid particles and liquid contained in each divided solid-liquid mixed fluid is less than 10% of the ratio when divided completely evenly. How to split.
[2] The method for dividing a solid-liquid mixed fluid according to [1], wherein 2) is performed after 1) according to [1].
[3] The method for dividing a solid-liquid mixed fluid according to [1] or [2], wherein the specific gravity of the solid particles is smaller than that of the liquid.
[4] The method for dividing a solid-liquid mixed fluid according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the solid particles are an organic polymer, and the liquid is water or an aqueous solution.
[5] The specific gravity of the solid particles is 0.85 to 0.95, and that of the liquid is 0.96 to 1.00. [1], [2] or [4] ] The division | segmentation method of the solid-liquid mixed fluid in any one of.
[6] An ethylene / α-olefin copolymer rubber composed of ethylene and an α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and ethylene and an α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms and one or more kinds of non- solid particles [1], which is at least one copolymer rubber selected from ethylene / α-olefin / non-conjugated polyene copolymer rubber made of conjugated polyene, and the liquid is water. [2] The method for dividing a solid-liquid mixed fluid according to any one of [4] and [5].

  The solid-liquid mixed fluid dividing method of the present invention is a solid-liquid mixed fluid divided into two or more divided solids in a solid-liquid mixed fluid dividing method composed of solid particles and liquid continuously supplied through a pipe. It is possible to divide so that the composition of the particles and the liquid is the same, that is, the composition of the solid particles and the liquid in the solid-liquid mixed fluid is not different in the comparison between the divided solid-liquid mixed fluid. it can. And the separation of solid particles and liquid from the solid-liquid mixed fluid and the subsequent load on the solid particle recovery equipment capacity can be evenly distributed, and no dedicated or special separation device is required, Economic burden can be reduced.

[Solid particles]
There is no restriction | limiting in particular in the kind of solid particle which can be used with the division | segmentation method of the solid-liquid mixed fluid of this invention, a shape, a particle size, a particle size distribution, and specific gravity. However, it does not dissolve in the liquid to be used or does not cause a chemical reaction, which is a limitation on the type of solid particles with respect to the type of liquid. Further, in any of the types, shapes, particle diameters, particle size distributions, and specific gravity of solid particles, any one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds may be used.

  Specific examples of the types of solid particles include metals, rocks, wood, ceramics, glasses, plastics, and organic polymers. Among them, an organic polymer is preferable, and an organic polymer is more preferably an ethylene / α-olefin copolymer rubber composed of ethylene and an α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and ethylene and carbon. It is at least one copolymer rubber selected from ethylene / α-olefin / non-conjugated polyene copolymer rubber composed of α-olefin of several 3 to 20 and one or more types of non-conjugated polyene, particularly preferably An ethylene / α-olefin / non-conjugated polyene copolymer rubber comprising ethylene, an α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and one or more non-conjugated polyenes.

  Specific examples of the shape of the solid particles include a sphere, a granule, a powder, a straw, a hemisphere, a football, a deformed sphere, a disk, a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, a polyhedron having seven or more faces, a cylinder, a film, a fiber, Examples include scales, needles, and rods. Among them, a shape composed of a curved surface having no ridgeline, such as a sphere, a granule, a powder, a straw, and a deformed sphere, is preferable, and a sphere, a granule, and a deformed sphere are more preferable.

  Also, the surface of the solid particles is not particularly limited, and it may be smooth like a mirror surface or uneven. There are no particular restrictions on the level difference or roughness of the unevenness, or the degree of occurrence on the entire surface, and the shape of the uneven part is also cut out of a cone, a triangular pyramid, a polygonal pyramid, a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, and a part of a sphere. Shape.

  The particle size of the solid particles is preferably about 1 μm to several cm, and more preferably 1 mm to 10 mm. The particle size distribution is not particularly limited, but is preferably uniform.

  The specific gravity of the solid particles is preferably smaller than the specific gravity of the liquid. More preferably, when the specific gravity of the liquid to be used is 0.96 to 1.00, the specific gravity of the solid particles is 0.85 to 0.95. When the specific gravity of the liquid is larger than that, the solid particles settle in the liquid and cannot be supplied, or the pipes are clogged during the supply. Moreover, it becomes difficult to divide the same composition by sedimentation.

[liquid]
There are no particular limitations on the type of liquid, viscosity, specific gravity, and the type and amount ratio of the compounding agent added to the liquid that can be used in the solid-liquid mixed fluid dividing method of the present invention. However, the fact that the solid particles to be used are not dissolved or a chemical reaction is not caused is a limitation on the type of liquid with respect to the type of solid particles. Moreover, in the kind of liquid, a viscosity, specific gravity, and the kind of compounding agent added to a liquid, in any case, it does not interfere even if it uses 1 type or in mixture of 2 or more types.

  Specific examples of the type of liquid include organic solvents, oil, liquid paraffin, polysiloxane, and water. Even if the liquid is solid or oily at normal temperature, it can be used if it becomes a melt in a molten state that can be supplied or divided by heating or the like.

  A particularly preferred liquid is an aqueous solution, the solid particles are an organic polymer, and particularly the organic polymer is an ethylene / α-olefin copolymer rubber composed of ethylene and an α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and ethylene. In the case of at least one copolymer rubber selected from ethylene / α-olefin / non-conjugated polyene copolymer rubber composed of an α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms and one or more non-conjugated polyenes, Is most preferred. An aqueous solution or water is preferable from the viewpoints of environment, workability, safety, chemical stability, supplyability, and specific gravity and viscosity that affect the performance in division.

  Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the viscosity of a liquid, if it is low viscosity, it is more preferable, and the viscosity of water at normal temperature is the most preferable.

  The specific gravity of the liquid is not particularly limited, but is preferably larger than the specific gravity of the solid particles. More preferably, when the specific gravity of the solid particles used is 0.85 to 0.95, the specific gravity of the liquid is 0.96 to 1.00.

  The liquid supply method is not particularly limited, and all known methods can be applied. That is, the liquid can be supplied using a liquid supply device that can give transfer energy (pressure) to the liquid. Specifically, it is preferably a centrifugal pump in which fluctuations in the amount of liquid supply are unlikely to occur, and other examples include a gear pump and a swing pump. The liquid to be supplied is preferably separated from the solid-liquid mixed fluid, temporarily stored in the recovery device, and then supplied to the system again by the centrifugal pump.

  When the liquid is an aqueous solution, there are no particular restrictions on the type of compounding agent added and the amount ratio (composition ratio or concentration of the compounding agent in the aqueous solution).

Specific examples of the compounding agent to be added include plasticizers, softeners, deterioration inhibitors, antioxidants, anti-aging agents, processing aids, lubricants, antifoaming agents, foaming agents, antifoaming aids, foaming aids, Surfactants, dispersants, flame retardants, preservatives, oxidizing agents, reducing agents, colorants, dyes, pigments, acidic substances, basic (alkaline) substances, pH adjusting agents and the like can be mentioned. In addition, at least one or more selected from metals, rocks, wood, ceramics, glasses, plastics, organic polymers, and the copolymer rubbers mentioned in the specific examples of the solid particles above. The powder may also be mentioned.

  The amount ratio of the compounding agent added is preferably 1 ppb to 50% by weight as the concentration of the compounding agent added to the aqueous solution. Furthermore, the range of the more preferable amount ratio is mentioned in steps to ppm-30 weight%, 0.1-10 weight%, and 1-5 weight%.

  When the liquid is an aqueous solution, the compounding agent to be added and the state of water or the aqueous solution may be any of uniform dissolution, dispersion, suspension, and emulsification.

  The addition of the compounding agent not only intentionally adds the compounding agent exemplified above to water or an aqueous solution, but also solid particles exemplified above, that is, metals, rocks, wood, ceramics, and glasses. , Plastics, organic polymers, and copolymer rubbers, monomers, oligomers, various compounding agents and fillers contained in them, and solvents used in polymerization are unintentionally or spontaneously eluted from solid particles Including that.

[Solid-liquid mixed fluid]
The solid-liquid mixed fluid used in the present invention is a mixture of the above-described solid particles and liquid. The composition ratio between the solid particles and the liquid is not particularly limited, but the solid particles / liquid (weight ratio) is 0.001 to 0.5. Furthermore, the range of the more preferable composition ratio is mentioned in steps to 0.005-0.3, 0.01-0.1, 0.01-0.04. The state of the solid particles and the liquid is particularly preferably a dispersed state, and may be a suspension or slurry.

  The method for obtaining the solid-liquid mixed fluid is not particularly limited. Specifically, a method of mixing solid particles and liquid in a batch manner using a reaction vessel or the like, and a method of continuously mixing using an in-line mixer or the like can be mentioned. In particular, when the solid particles are plastics, organic polymers, and the above copolymer rubber, not only powder or pellets are supplied as they are, but also from a kneader or an extruder, a granulator, a pelletizer, or an undercoat. It can also be supplied through a water cut.

[Transfer method of solid-liquid mixed fluid]
The method for transferring the solid-liquid mixed fluid is not particularly limited, and all known methods can be applied. The method of transferring the solid / liquid mixed fluid is usually performed through piping.

  The cross-sectional shape of the pipe is not particularly limited, and may be a circle, an ellipse, a square, a regular polygon, a rectangle, an ellipse, etc., but preferably a circle to prevent adhesion and retention of solid particles in the pipe. it can. Also, the material of the pipe is not particularly limited, and usually used metal such as stainless steel, iron and copper, or plastic such as vinyl chloride, polyethylene and polypropylene is used. Further, the inner surface finish of the pipe is not particularly limited, but is preferably glass lining, plastic or paint coating, mirror finish, etc., and can prevent adhesion and retention of solid particles.

  The transfer speed of the solid-liquid mixed fluid is not particularly limited, but preferably the linear speed in the pipe is 1 to 4 m / s.

[Method of dividing solid-liquid mixed fluid]
The method for dividing a solid-liquid mixed fluid according to the present invention includes a solid-liquid mixed fluid composed of solid particles and liquid continuously supplied through a pipe, and the composition of the solid particles and liquid in the solid-liquid mixed fluid is all This is a dividing method that is the same, that is, there is no difference in the composition of the solid particles and the liquid in the solid-liquid mixed fluid in the comparison between the divided solid-liquid mixed fluid. The division is 2 or more.

  The solid-liquid mixed fluid dividing method according to the present invention includes two methods. Specifically, 1) a horizontally arranged pipe immediately before dividing the solid-liquid mixed fluid is vertically started and vertically started. The length of the pipe should be 3 to 10 times the pipe diameter (hereinafter abbreviated as the vertical start-up method), and 2) the pipe arranged horizontally just before dividing the solid-liquid mixed fluid The diameter is widened to 3 times or more and 5 times or less (hereinafter referred to as the widening method).

  The above two methods can be used either alone or in combination. When using together, both methods will be arranged in series, but there is no restriction in the arrangement of both methods.

The method of dividing the solid-liquid mixed fluid of the present invention is preferably using both methods in combination, and more preferably using both in combination and performing the vertical startup method before the widening method. Thereby, the efficiency of the division can be increased and the processing speed can be increased, and the load on the separation facility of the solid particles from the solid-liquid mixed fluid and the subsequent recovery facilities of the solid particles is equally distributed. Can improve productivity.

  The equal division means that the weight of the solid particles and the weight of the liquid contained in the divided solid-liquid mixed fluid are the same at the same time. Specifically, in the case of two divisions, the solid-liquid mixed fluid is divided into solid-liquid mixed fluids A and B, and the weight of the solid particles contained in the solid-liquid mixed fluid A and the solid particles contained in the solid-liquid mixed fluid B And the weight of the liquid contained in the solid-liquid mixed fluid A and the weight of the liquid contained in the solid-liquid mixed fluid B at the same time are the same.

  When the total weight of the solid particles contained in each of the divided solid-liquid mixed fluid is 100%, the weight ratio of the solid particles contained in a certain solid-liquid mixed fluid is defined as a division ratio (%). When the division ratio is specifically described in the case of two divisions, the division ratio is 50% in the case of complete equal division. That of 4 divisions is 25%.

  Whether it was divided equally or not was determined as equal if the difference was less than 10% of the division ratio when it was completely evenly divided. Suppose there wasn't.

  As a specific example, in the case of two divisions, the division ratio when completely divided equally is 50%, the division ratio of one of the divided solid particles is 55%, and the other is 45%, It is not divided evenly. In the case of four divisions, the division ratio of complete equal division is 25%. If the division ratio of one solid particle among the four divisions is 27.5% or more, it is not considered to be divided equally. The same applies to the liquid.

1) Vertical start-up method The vertical start-up method starts at a point where the solid-liquid mixed fluid continuously supplied through the pipe is divided, that is, starts from the branch point of the pipe and is upstream (solid-liquid) Place the pipe on the side where the mixed fluid flows) vertically. By providing the vertical part of the pipe before the branch point, it is possible to ensure a good dispersion state of the solid particles and the liquid in the solid-liquid mixed fluid and supply the solid-liquid mixed fluid to the branch point of the pipe.

The length of the vertical part is 3 to 10 times the pipe diameter of the vertical part. Preferably, they are 3 times or more and 8 times or less. If it is less than 3 times, good dispersion of solid particles and liquid cannot be obtained, and the composition cannot be divided equally. Also, when the length in excess of 10 times, it tends to solid particles and dispersion of the liquid is improved As the length of the vertical portion, but in the case of over 10 times and it differences dispersed state almost no, it is not preferable in the only equipment cost increases.

  The angle of the vertical portion is most preferably 90 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction, but 60 degrees or more is sufficient. Preferably it is 70 degree | times or more, More preferably, it is 80 degree | times or more.

  There are no particular restrictions on the pipes that stand up vertically from the horizontal pipes, and as is well known, L-shaped pipes and 90-degree pipes can be used. In the latter case, the pipe curvature (radius R) is also limited. No.

2) Widening method The widening method starts at a point where the solid-liquid mixed fluid supplied continuously through the pipe is divided, that is, starts from the branch point of the pipe and is upstream from the starting point (the solid-liquid mixed fluid flows). Widen the pipe diameter of the incoming pipe. By providing the widened portion of the pipe diameter before the branch point, the flow pattern is changed by reducing the linear velocity of the solid-liquid mixed fluid, and the solid particles and the liquid are agitated at the widened portion. As a result, it is possible that the dispersion state of the solid particles and liquid of the solid-liquid mixed fluid supplying well secured by the solid-liquid mixed fluid to the branch point of the pipe.

The pipe diameter of the widened pipe is 3 to 5 times the pipe diameter before being widened. If it is less than 3 times, there will be no great change in the flow pattern due to widening, good dispersion of solid particles and liquid will not be obtained, and uniform division of the composition will not be possible. Also, in the case of widening of more than 5 times, in the case of over 5 times and it differences dispersed state almost no unfavorable only equipment cost increases. On the other hand, if it exceeds 5 times, the end velocity of the solid-liquid mixed fluid in the piping approaches, and the solid-liquid mixed fluid stays in the piping, which is not preferable.

The length of the widened pipe is 1 or more times the widened pipe diameter. If it is less than 1 time, good dispersion of solid particles and liquid cannot be obtained, and the composition cannot be divided equally. Moreover, since the upper limit of length is dependent on arrangement | positioning of manufacturing equipment, it is arbitrary and cannot be prescribed | regulated. The longer it is, the better the dispersion of solid particles and liquid tends to be better , but there is almost no difference in the dispersion state between 5 times and beyond. Preferably it is 3 times or more. On the other hand, although it may be 10 times or more, it is not preferable because the equipment cost increases.

  The pipe diameter widening method is not particularly limited as long as it is a method in which solid particles do not stay at a portion where the pipe diameter changes, and a known method can be used. Preferably, the width is gradually increased with a taper.

[Example]
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention, this invention is not limited to these Examples at all.

[Example 1]
Low-density polyethylene (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, product name: Ultzex, brand name: UZ2020U, specific gravity: 0.92) was melted in an extruder at a speed of 80 to 90 kg per hour, and then placed at the tip of the extruder. The pellets were cut into 3 mm diameter pellets in water supplied at 4,000 kg per hour. These pellets and water were supplied using a pipe made of vinyl chloride having a pipe diameter of 25 mm.

Immediately before the branch point of the pipe provided to divide the solid-liquid mixed fluid of the pellet and water into two , a pipe having a pipe diameter of 75 mm widened over the length of the pipe of 75 mm was arranged. . After dividing the solid-liquid mixed fluid into two, the solid-liquid mixed fluid obtained from the outlet (exit 1 and outlet 2) of each pipe is separated into pellets and water, and the weight per time is measured. did. The results are shown in Table 1. From the results, it can be seen that the two solid-liquid mixed fluids were equally divided from the division ratio (%) when the total weight of the outlet 1 and the outlet 2 was 100%.

[Example 2]
In place of the low density polyethylene used in Example 1, a polyethylene / propylene copolymer (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, product name: Tafmer, brand name: P-0280, specific gravity: 0.86) was used. The solid-liquid mixed fluid consisting of the resin pellets and water was supplied using a vinyl chloride pipe having a pipe diameter of 25 mm. The vertical pipe was arranged using the 90 ° elbow portion with the pipe diameter maintained (the angle with respect to the horizontal direction was 90 degrees). The length of the vertical pipe was set to 75 mm, which is three times the pipe diameter. In order to divide the solid-liquid mixed fluid into two in the vertical pipe, a branch point of the pipe was provided and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1. From the results, it can be seen that the two solid-liquid mixed fluids were equally divided.

[Example 3]
Instead of the polyethylene / propylene copolymer used in Example 2, a polyethylene / propylene / 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene copolymer (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, product name: Mitsui EPT, brand name: 3072EP, specific gravity: 0 .86) and the length of the vertical pipe in Example 2 was set to 225 mm, which is 9 times the pipe diameter, and was performed in the same manner as in Example 2. The results are shown in Table 1. From the results, it can be seen that the two solid-liquid mixed fluids were equally divided.

[Example 4]
The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the expanded pipe diameter of 75 mm in Example 1 was changed to 125 mm, which is five times as large. The results are shown in Table 1. From the results, it can be seen that the two solid-liquid mixed fluids were equally divided.

[Comparative Example 1]
In Example 1, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the pipe diameter was not widened and the pipe diameter was maintained at 25 mm. The results are shown in Table 1. From the results, it can be seen that the two solid-liquid mixed fluids are not equally divided by composition. That is, the weight of the liquid per time is divided almost evenly, but the solid particles have a difference of 5%, which is 10% with respect to the division ratio of 50%.

[Comparative Example 2]
In Example 2, the operation was performed in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the length of the vertical pipe was changed to 50 mm, which was twice the pipe diameter, instead of 75 mm, which was three times the pipe diameter. The results are shown in Table 1. From the results, it can be seen that the two solid-liquid mixed fluids are not equally divided. That is, the weight of the liquid per time is divided almost evenly, but the solid particles have a difference of 8%, which is 10% or more with respect to the division ratio of 50%.

The solid-liquid mixed fluid dividing method of the present invention is a solid-liquid mixed fluid divided into two or more divided solids in a solid-liquid mixed fluid dividing method composed of solid particles and liquid continuously supplied through a pipe. both the composition of the particles and the liquid the same, i.e., divided difference without any score and can the composition of the solid particles and liquid of the solid-liquid mixed fluid in the comparison between the solid-liquid mixed fluid, solid Separation of solid particles and liquid from the liquid mixture fluid, and subsequent load on the capacity of the solid particle recovery equipment can be equally distributed. And, it does not require a dedicated or specialized separation device, it is possible to reduce the economic burden. Therefore, the solid-liquid mixed fluid dividing method of the present invention can be used for dividing various solid-liquid mixed fluids regardless of the type of manufacturing industry.

Claims (6)

A method of dividing a solid-liquid mixed fluid consisting of solid particles and liquid continuously supplied through a pipe,
1) The horizontally arranged pipe immediately before dividing the solid-liquid mixed fluid is raised vertically, and the length of the vertically raised pipe is 3 to 10 times the pipe diameter, and Or
2) By expanding the horizontal pipe diameter just before dividing the solid-liquid mixed fluid to 3 to 5 times the pipe diameter up to that time ,
Solid-liquid mixed fluid characterized in that the weight ratio of solid particles and liquid contained in each divided solid-liquid mixed fluid is less than 10% of the ratio when divided completely evenly. How to split.   The method for dividing a solid-liquid mixed fluid according to claim 1, wherein 2) is performed after 1) according to claim 1.   The method for dividing a solid-liquid mixed fluid according to claim 1, wherein the specific gravity of the solid particles is smaller than that of the liquid. The method for dividing a solid-liquid mixed fluid according to claim 1, wherein the solid particles are an organic polymer, and the liquid is water or an aqueous solution.   The specific gravity of the solid particles is 0.85 to 0.95, and that of the liquid is 0.96 to 1.00. A method for dividing a liquid mixture. The solid particles are composed of an ethylene / α-olefin copolymer rubber composed of ethylene and an α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and ethylene, an α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms and one or more non-conjugated polyenes. The at least one copolymer rubber selected from ethylene / α-olefin / non-conjugated polyene copolymer rubber, wherein the liquid is water. A method for dividing a solid-liquid mixed fluid according to any one of the above.