JP4819740B2 - High expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to high expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment used in various warehouses, hangars, factories handling dangerous materials, cabins, cargo holds, etc., and more specifically, high expansion foam fire extinguishment that can prevent a reduction in foaming ratio. It relates to equipment.

  In the foam fire extinguishing equipment, an aqueous foam solution (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as an “aqueous solution”) is discharged from a radiating nozzle, and the foam is blown by colliding with a foaming net and sucking in air. Filled and extinguishing suffocation. The foam fire extinguishing equipment includes a low foaming fire extinguishing equipment and a high foaming (high expansion foam) fire extinguishing equipment.

  In both fire extinguishing equipment, the foaming ratio is different, for example, the foaming ratio (times) of the low foaming fire extinguishing equipment is 20 or less and is released so as to cover the floor surface etc. from the foam head etc. Fire extinguishing agents are used. Further, the expansion ratio of the high expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment is 80 or more and less than 1000 so as to fill the space from the foaming machine or the like, and synthetic surfactant foam fire extinguishing chemical or the like is used as the foam extinguishing chemical. Here, the expansion ratio refers to the volume ratio of the foam aqueous solution used for foam generation to the generated foam.

  In order to generate highly expanded foam, for example, foam with a foaming ratio of 500 or more, it is necessary to take in a large amount of air from the upstream side of the foaming machine (radiation nozzle). A method of sucking air (referred to as “outside air”) is generally used.

  However, in this outside air, since outside air is used, a duct is penetrated in the building, or a bubble generator is provided by making a hole in the partition wall. .

  Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, a high-expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment of a system (referred to as “inside air”) that sucks air in a compartment that discharges bubbles is used (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP-A-6-165837

  In the high expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment of inside air, the foaming ratio may not be as designed depending on the quantity and quality of smoke generated at the time of fire. For example, when the designed foaming ratio is 500, the actual foaming ratio is 100. When the expansion ratio is reduced in this manner, it is impossible to completely cover the fire source with the bubbles, so that the suffocation can not be effectively performed. The reduction in the expansion ratio is mainly caused by smoke in the suction air, as will be described later.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to ensure that a desired expansion ratio can be obtained.

The present invention relates to a high-expansion foam extinguishing equipment disposed in a substantially sealed space such as a warehouse, in which a foam extinguishing agent containing a surfactant is mixed with water, and a foam aqueous solution is pumped. A nozzle, a flow path cylinder in which the radiation nozzle is built, and by discharging the aqueous foam solution from the radiation nozzle , the air in the space including smoke generated by a fire is sucked, and the flow path cylinder is provided. And a foam generating net that collides with the foam aqueous solution discharged from the radiation nozzle, in the high expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment, the foam fire extinguishing agent is a water film forming foam extinguishing agent containing a fluorosurfactant , and the said and the mixing ratio of the MizuNarumaku foam agent for foam aqueous 4% or more, and the fluorine-based surfactant foam fire-extinguishing content of 10% or more of for the MizuNarumaku foam agent By using the foam aqueous solution Serial and the mixing ratio of the surfactant to 0.4% or more, and wherein the obtaining a high expansion foam expansion ratio 240 times or more.

The present invention relates to a high-expansion foam extinguishing equipment disposed in a substantially sealed space such as a warehouse, in which a foam extinguishing agent containing a surfactant is mixed with water, and a foam aqueous solution is pumped. A nozzle, a flow path cylinder in which the radiation nozzle is built, and by discharging the aqueous foam solution from the radiation nozzle, the air in the space including smoke generated by a fire is sucked, and the flow path cylinder is provided. And a foam generating net that collides with the foam aqueous solution discharged from the radiation nozzle, and the foam-extinguishing agent comprises a synthetic surfactant foam containing a hydrocarbon-based surfactant. It is a fire extinguishing agent, the mixing ratio of the synthetic surfactant foam extinguishing agent with respect to the aqueous foam solution is 4% or more , and the content of the hydrocarbon-based surfactant with respect to the synthetic surfactant foam extinguishing agent is 20% or more Use foam extinguishing agent In Rukoto, and the mixing ratio of the surfactant in said foam solution in 0.8% or more, and wherein the obtaining the expansion ratio 110 times more high expansion foam.

  In the present invention, the mixing ratio of the foam extinguishing agent with respect to the aqueous foam solution is an adjusted mixing ratio that is larger than the standard mixing ratio, or the content of the surfactant with respect to the foam extinguishing agent is greater than the standard content. As the foam extinguishing agent was used, and the mixing ratio of the surfactant in the aqueous foam solution was set to the designed foaming magnification concentration, smoke (smoke particles) was generated in the air in the discharge compartment sucked into the channel cylinder. Even if contained, the foam aqueous solution foams at a desired foaming ratio. Therefore, the highly expanded foam as designed can be obtained, so that fire extinguishing can be performed efficiently and reliably.

  Moreover, the water film-forming foam fire-extinguishing agent containing a fluorosurfactant is usually mixed at a standard mixing ratio and used for a low foaming ratio. This is because the foaming rate of the water film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent is low, and the expansion ratio at the standard mixing ratio is far below the foaming ratio of the synthetic surfactant foam extinguishing agent. However, even with this water film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, a high expansion ratio can be obtained by adjusting the mixing ratio to be larger than the standard mixing ratio. And as a physical property of surfactant, lipophilicity other than a hydrophilic group is low, and there is little influence of smoke. Therefore, the water film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent can be used for low foaming ratio and high foaming ratio, so that the range of use can be expanded.

The present inventor researched and experimented on the cause of the decrease in the expansion ratio of the high expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment, and found that "smoke" had the main cause.
This smoke is generated in the chamber (foam discharge section) due to the occurrence of a fire, but floats in the room as smoke particles, for example, particles having a particle size of 1 μm or less. When the fine particles are mixed with the air in the discharge section and sucked into the air suction part, the fine particles are supplied together with the air to the foaming part to reduce the foaming ratio.

  The present inventor has realized that in order to solve the above problem, it is only necessary to remove the smoke particles, but there may be a method for preventing the reduction of the expansion ratio without removing it. Thought.

  In the high expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment, water and foam fire extinguishing agent are mixed at a predetermined ratio to produce an aqueous foam solution because of the performance of foam extinguishing agent, foam extinguishing agent cost, equipment cost, etc. The ratio of the rate is in accordance with the certification regulations of the Fire Service Act and the specifications of the foam fire extinguishing agent instruction manual. Here, the predetermined mixing ratio is defined as “standard mixing ratio”. With such a standard mixing ratio, when air in the compartment is used, a desired foaming ratio cannot be obtained due to the influence of smoke as described above.

  When supplying the foam aqueous solution to the high expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment disposed in the room where smoke is present, the present inventor determines the mixing ratio of the foam aqueous solution and the foam fire extinguishing agent from the standard mixing ratio. An experiment was conducted to see what changes appear in the expansion ratio when the ratio is increased.

  As a result, it can be seen that when the mixing ratio is larger than the standard mixing ratio, the expansion ratio is improved, and even if smoke is present, the mixing ratio is adjusted to a predetermined ratio in order to obtain a desired expansion ratio. I understood that I should do. This adjusted predetermined ratio is defined as “adjusted mixing ratio”.

  When the mixing ratio is adjusted in this way, the expansion ratio is improved because the concentration of the surfactant in the aqueous foam solution, which has an influence on the determination of the expansion ratio, is increased. This is because the surfactant that does not foam due to smoke is supplemented with the surfactant contained in a proportion larger than the standard mixing ratio, and foams. Conceivable. This means that the foaming ratio can be adjusted by controlling the surfactant mixing ratio (concentration) in the aqueous foam solution. As will be apparent from the experimental examples described later, even with water film foam extinguishing agents that have been unsuitable for conventional high expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment, the foaming ratio can be increased even if smoke is sucked if the mixing ratio is adjusted. I found it. The present invention has been completed based on the above findings. In addition, the surfactant concentration in the foam aqueous solution can adjust the foaming ratio even if the content of the surfactant in the foam extinguishing agent is controlled.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
A room (chamber) 1 which is a foam discharge section is provided with a highly expanded foam fire extinguishing equipment. This fire extinguishing equipment is a foam foaming machine provided with the flow path cylinder 2, and the foaming ratio is set to 500 times, for example. The flow channel cylinder 2 is provided with a foaming portion 3 that sucks air in the discharge section 1 by driving the radiation nozzle 9 to foam the foam aqueous solution.

  A foaming net (net) 7 is stretched on the foaming portion 3 at the tip of the flow path cylinder 2, and a plurality of radiations that are opposed to the foaming net 7 with a gap therebetween. A nozzle 9 is provided. Such a foam foaming machine is configured to be supplied with an aqueous foam solution and air in accordance with the expansion ratio. The radiation nozzle 9 is connected to a water supply source (not shown) via a water supply pipe 8.

  The water supply pipe 8 is provided with a mixer (proportioner) 10, and a negative pressure generator (not shown) of the mixer 10 is connected to a foam stock solution tank 11. The tank 11 is filled with a foam extinguishing agent (foam stock solution) 16.

  The foam fire-extinguishing agent 16 is a water film-forming foam fire-extinguishing agent mainly composed of a fluorosurfactant 18, for example, Megafoam F623T (registered trademark). Such a foam extinguishing agent 16 also contains components for maintaining performance such as an antifreezing agent and a stabilizer. The standard mixing ratio of the drug 16 is, for example, 3% (standard content ratio), but here, the adjusted mixing ratio (design content ratio) is larger than the standard mixing ratio. For example, 10% is selected as the adjustment mixing ratio.

  The content rate of the said fluorosurfactant 18 with respect to the water film-forming foam extinguishing agent 16 is 10%, for example. Therefore, the mixing ratio of the surfactant 18 to the foam aqueous solution wg at the standard mixing ratio (3%) is 0.03 × 0.1 = 0.003, that is, a concentration of 0.3%, and The mixing ratio of the surfactant 18 to the foam aqueous solution wg in the adjusted mixing ratio (10%) is 0.1 × 0.1 = 0.01, that is, a concentration of 1%. Here, the standard content rate of the fluorosurfactant 18 with respect to the water film-forming foam fire-extinguishing agent 16 is 10%, but this content rate is increased to use, for example, a drug having a design content rate of 3 to 3 times. When the mixing ratio is 3%, the mixing ratio of the surfactant 18 can be set to approximately 1%.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
When a fire occurs in the room 1, a fire detector (not shown) detects the fire and sends a fire signal to the control panel. Then, since the control panel activates the high expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment, the room air in the foaming portion 3 of the flow path cylinder 2, that is, the room (discharge section) 1 in which the flow path cylinder 2 is disposed. Air K containing smoke H is aspirated.

  The water w flowing in the water supply pipe 8 flows into the downstream water supply pipe 8 through the inlet 10a of the mixer 10, the negative pressure generator, and the outlet 10b. Negative pressure is generated. Therefore, the foam extinguishing agent 16 in the foam stock solution tank 11 is sucked into the mixer 10 and mixed with the water w by the negative pressure of the negative pressure generating unit, so that the foam aqueous solution wg is generated. At this time, the mixing ratio of the foam extinguishing agent 16 to the foam aqueous solution wg is the adjusted mixing ratio, for example, 10%, and the mixing ratio of the fluorosurfactant 18 to the foam aqueous solution wg is, for example, The concentration is 1%. This mixing ratio is a concentration for obtaining a desired expansion ratio, for example, 500 times. Here, this concentration is defined as a “designed expansion ratio concentration”.

  The foam aqueous solution wg is pumped to the radiation nozzle 9 through the water supply pipe 8 and radiated from the radiation nozzle 9. The radiated foam aqueous solution wg becomes a droplet wd, collides with the foaming net 7, entrains and foams the air k, and forms a highly expanded foam 12. The expansion ratio at this time is a desired design expansion ratio, for example, 500 times. The highly expanded foam 12 thus foamed and discharged is buried in the room 1 and buried.

  The water film foam extinguishing agent is for low foaming ratio and is usually used to cover the floor surface and the like with low foaming ratio. It can be used for high expansion ratio. For use as a so-called all-radiation fire extinguishing facility in which the room 1 is filled with the highly expanded foam 12, a foaming ratio of 500 times or more is preferable, but it can be used even if it is lower than that, for example, 300 times or more. The mixing ratio of the foam fire-extinguishing agent 16 to the aqueous foam solution wg may be 7% or more, and the mixing ratio of the fluorosurfactant 18 may be 0.7% or more.

The first and second experimental examples of the present invention will be described.
First experimental example:
In the high-expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment of the above example, the mixing ratio of the Megafoam F623T (registered trademark) is made larger than the standard mixing ratio (adjusted mixing ratio), and the mixing ratio of the fluorosurfactant to the foam aqueous solution is the designed foaming ratio The experiment of foaming at a concentration was performed under the following conditions. The experimental results are as shown in Table 1. In Table 1, the foam extinguishing agent (%) column is the adjusted mixing ratio, and the fluorosurfactant concentration (%) column is the designed foaming magnification concentration, foaming magnification column. Indicates the actual expansion ratio.
As is apparent from Table 1, for example, at an adjusted mixing ratio of 4.0%, a desired high expansion foam expansion ratio could be obtained at a design expansion ratio of 0.4% and an expansion ratio of 240 times.

Foaming magnification in mosquito coil incense smoke Experimental condition: Smoke density (light attenuation rate) 15-20% / m
Room temperature 10-20 ° C
Foam generator 0.5 MPa, 40 L / min
Bubble release section 4m x 4m x 2m

Second experimental example:
In the second experimental example, a foaming fire extinguishing agent was used in place of the water film forming foam extinguishing agent, and a synthetic surfactant foam extinguishing agent was used, and a foaming experiment was performed in the same manner as described above. The same as in the first experimental example.

As the synthetic surfactant fire extinguishing agent, Snow Wrap H (registered trademark) mainly composed of a hydrocarbon surfactant was used, and the standard mixing ratio of this fire extinguishing agent is 3%. The experimental results are as shown in Table 2. In Table 2, the foam extinguishing agent (%) column is the adjusted mixing ratio, and the hydrocarbon surfactant concentration (%) column is the design foam ratio and foam ratio. The column indicates the actual expansion ratio.
As is clear from Table 2, for example, at an adjusted mixing ratio of 4.0%, a desired high expansion foam expansion ratio could be obtained at a design expansion ratio of 0.8% and an expansion ratio of 110 times.

  As described above, even when smoke is present in the discharge compartment, the mixing ratio of the water film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent is 4% or more with respect to the aqueous foam solution, or the mixing ratio of the fluorosurfactant is 0.00. By setting it to 4% or more, the foaming ratio becomes 240 times or more and high expansion foam can be obtained. Furthermore, the mixing ratio of the water film forming foam extinguishing agent is 7% or more, or the mixing of the fluorosurfactant By setting the ratio to 0.7% or more, the expansion ratio becomes 300 times or more, and a highly expanded foam that can be used as a fire extinguishing facility of the whole area radiation method can be obtained.

  Here, when the mixing ratio of the water film-forming foam foaming agent is 10% or more, or the mixing ratio of the fluorosurfactant is 1% or more, the foaming ratio is 500 times or more, which is the optimum foaming ratio for the whole area radiation method. It becomes.

  Further, even if smoke is present in the radiation section, the mixing ratio of the synthetic surfactant foam extinguishing agent is 4% or more with respect to the aqueous foam solution, or the mixing ratio of the hydrocarbon-based surfactant is 0.8. % Or more, the expansion ratio becomes 110 times or more and high expansion foam can be obtained. Furthermore, the mixing ratio of the synthetic surfactant foam extinguishing agent is 14% or more, or the hydrocarbon surfactant By setting the mixing ratio to 2.8% or more, the expansion ratio becomes 300 times or more, and a high expansion foam that can be used as a high expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment of the whole area radiation method can be obtained.

  Here, if the mixing ratio of the synthetic surfactant foam extinguishing agent is 21% or more, or the mixing ratio of the hydrocarbon-based surfactant is 4.2% or more, the expansion ratio becomes 500 times or more, The optimal expansion ratio.

  Examples of the present invention are not limited to the above. For example, as a foam extinguishing agent mainly composed of a surfactant, a foam extinguishing agent other than the water film forming foam extinguishing agent and the synthetic surfactant foam extinguishing agent Of course, drugs can also be used.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Release section 2 Channel cylinder 3 Foam part 7 Foaming net 9 Radiation nozzle 10 Mixer 12 High expansion foam

Claims (2)

It is a high expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment arranged in a substantially sealed space such as a warehouse,
A foaming fire-extinguishing agent containing a surfactant in water is mixed, a radiation nozzle to which a foam aqueous solution is pumped, and the radiation nozzle is built in, and the foam aqueous solution is discharged from the radiation nozzle, and is generated by a fire. A high-expansion foam comprising: a flow path cylinder that sucks air in the space containing smoke; and a foam generation net that is provided in the flow path cylinder and collides with the aqueous foam solution discharged from the radiation nozzle In fire extinguishing equipment,
The foam extinguishing agent is a water film forming foam extinguishing agent containing a fluorine-based surfactant,
And the MizuNarumaku foam drug mixing ratio of 4% or more with respect to the foam solution, and that the content of the fluorine-based surfactant to the MizuNarumaku foam agent with 10% or more of the fire-extinguishing foams A high-expansion foam extinguishing equipment characterized in that the mixing ratio of the surfactant in the aqueous foam solution is set to 0.4% or more to obtain a high-expansion foam having an expansion ratio of 240 times or more . It is a high expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment arranged in a substantially sealed space such as a warehouse,
A foaming fire-extinguishing agent containing a surfactant in water is mixed, a radiation nozzle to which a foam aqueous solution is pumped, and the radiation nozzle is built in, and the foam aqueous solution is discharged from the radiation nozzle, and is generated by a fire. A high-expansion foam comprising: a flow path cylinder that sucks air in the space containing smoke; and a foam generation net that is provided in the flow path cylinder and collides with the aqueous foam solution discharged from the radiation nozzle In fire extinguishing equipment,
The foam extinguishing agent is a synthetic surfactant foam extinguishing agent containing a hydrocarbon-based surfactant,
A foam extinguishing agent having a mixing ratio of the synthetic surfactant foam extinguishing agent to the aqueous foam solution of 4% or more and a hydrocarbon surfactant content to the synthetic surfactant foam extinguishing agent of 20% or more. A high-expansion foam fire extinguishing equipment characterized in that, by using, the ratio of the surfactant in the aqueous foam solution is 0.8% or more to obtain a highly expanded foam having a foaming ratio of 110 times or more .

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