JP4826467B2 - Electroacoustic transducer and ear speaker device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electroacoustic transducer and an ear speaker device, and is suitable for application to, for example, a head-mounted wearable speaker device.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a headphone device which is an example of a head-mounted wearable speaker device, an electric signal representing a playback sound of a CD (Compact Disc) or the like is attached to a listener's head (hereinafter, this is played back). It is widely used that it is made to listen to the listener.

  In a general headphone device, a speaker unit that generates sound is positioned near the front of the listener's ear canal entrance, and the sound quality can be improved by directly reaching the eardrum from the speaker unit. However, the sound image was localized in the listener's head, giving the listener an unnatural impression.

For this reason, in some headphone devices, the speaker unit is slightly separated from the ear canal entrance (ear hole) and positioned on the forehead side, so that the sound image is out of the head as in the case of using a general stationary speaker. There has been devised a device designed to make it possible to listen to sufficient bass by positioning it to wipe away the unnatural feeling and forming a sealed space around the listener's ears (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).
Japanese Patent No. 3054295 (page 3, Fig. 1)

  By the way, although there is a desire to give the listener a sense of openness by making it an open type while maintaining good sound quality including sufficient bass for such a headphone device, the speaker unit is separated from the ear hole. For this reason, there is a problem in that simply by making the sealed type an open type, the low sound range is insufficient and the sound quality is deteriorated, and it is not possible to meet such a demand.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and intends to propose an electroacoustic transducer and an ear speaker device that can give a natural sound image localization and allow a listener to listen to high-quality reproduced sound including sufficient bass. Is.

In order to solve such a problem, in the electroacoustic transducer of the present invention, a housing part having a space inside mounted at a predetermined position with respect to the head of the listener, and a housing part attached to one surface of the housing part, When mounted on the listener's head, a speaker unit having a predetermined distance between the listener's ear canal entrance, two small spaces separated from the internal space of the housing, and the internal space Two sets of internal ducts that transmit sound into the small space, and a substantially U-shape extending from one small space to the vicinity of the listener's ear canal entrance and returning to the other small space, near the listener's ear canal entrance comprising an outer duct hole is provided for sound output, and to provide a duct portion that makes reaching the sound caused in the internal space to the external auditory meatus near the inlet of the reduced intermediate and high frequency components listener.

As a result, middle and high sounds radiated from the speaker unit provided with a predetermined distance from the ear canal entrance can reach the ear canal, and since it is substantially U-shaped, when it is brought into contact with the ear canal entrance of the listener Natural sound images can be achieved by allowing the low-pitched sound that contains almost no mid-high sound from the vicinity of the listener's external auditory canal to reach the inside of the external auditory canal efficiently and sufficiently through the stabilized external duct without damaging the sound emission hole. Can be listened to in combination with a mid-high sound that can be localized outside the listener's head and a bass with an increased sound pressure level.

Further, in the ear speaker device of the present invention, a housing part having a space inside is mounted at a predetermined position with respect to the listener's head and attached to one surface of the housing part, and the housing part is attached to the listener's head. The speaker unit provided with a predetermined distance between the listener's ear canal entrance, two sets of small spaces separated from the internal space of the housing, and the sound generated in the internal space within the small space. 2 sets of internal ducts that communicate with the listener, and a substantially U-shape extending from one small space to the vicinity of the listener's outer ear canal and returning to the other small space, and a hole for sound emission in the vicinity of the listener's outer ear canal An electroacoustic transducer having a duct portion for reducing a mid-high range component from a sound generated in an internal space and reaching the vicinity of the listener's ear canal entrance, and a speaker unit and a listener's ear canal entrance When Predetermined distance is acceptable to provide a mounting portion for mounting the listener's head the electroacoustic transducer so provided between.

As a result, middle and high sounds radiated from the speaker unit provided with a predetermined distance from the ear canal entrance can reach the ear canal, and since it is substantially U-shaped, when it is brought into contact with the ear canal entrance of the listener Natural sound images can be achieved by allowing the low-pitched sound that contains almost no mid-high sound from the vicinity of the listener's external auditory canal to reach the inside of the external auditory canal efficiently and sufficiently through the stabilized external duct without damaging the sound emission hole. Can be listened to in combination with a mid-high sound that can be localized outside the listener's head and a bass with an increased sound pressure level.

According to the present invention, middle and high sounds radiated from a speaker unit provided with a predetermined distance from the ear canal entrance can be made to reach the ear canal, and since it is substantially U-shaped, it is brought into contact with the listener's ear canal entrance. Since the low sound that contains almost no mid-high sound from the vicinity of the listener's external auditory canal through the stabilized external duct can be efficiently and sufficiently reached within the external auditory canal without damaging the sound when the sound is released . It is possible to cause the listener to listen to a medium / high sound that can localize a natural sound image outside the listener's head and a bass that has an increased sound pressure level . Thus, the present invention can realize an electroacoustic transducer and an ear speaker device that can give a natural sound image localization and allow a listener to listen to high-quality reproduced sound including sufficient bass.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(1) Configuration of Ear Speaker Device In FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the ear speaker device 1 is an electric signal generated as a whole by a portable CD (Compact Disc) player or DMP (Digital Music Player) playback process. Is converted into sound and listened to by listeners.

  The ear speaker device 1 is premised on being attached to the listener's head like a headphone device, unlike a general box speaker device. Electroacoustic conversion units 2L and 2R for converting the sound into a sound) and a band unit 3 for mounting and fixing the electroacoustic conversion units 2L and 2R on the head of the listener.

  The electroacoustic transducers 2L and 2R are configured around casings 4L and 4R that are shaped like a sphere divided into four equal parts in the vertical direction. The casing portions 4L and 4R are respectively formed with flat portions on the rear surface side and the left and right inner sides, and pad portions 5L and 5R for relieving the lateral pressure on the listener's head are attached to the left and right inner sides.

  Speaker units 7L and 7R that convert electrical signals into sound are attached to baffle plates 4AL and 4AR, which are planar portions on the rear surface side of the housing portions 4L and 4R. The speaker units 7L and 7R are configured to emit sound by vibrating the diaphragm in accordance with an electrical signal supplied via a connection cable 6 from a portable CD player, DMP, or the like.

  Further, tubular ducts 8L and 8R as external ducts in which a hollow member having a predetermined thickness is bent into a substantially U-shaped side surface are attached to the baffle plates 4AL and 4AR of the housing portions 4L and 4R. As shown in FIG. 1, the tubular ducts 8L and 8R are each bent at the rear end side in the left-right inner direction, and are further provided with holes 8AL and 8AR, respectively, at substantially the center of the rear end portion.

  The band portion 3 is formed in an approximately arch shape convex upward in accordance with the shape of a general human head centering on the central portion 3A, and slides freely in relation to the central portion 3A. The overall length of the band unit 3 can be adjusted by the adjustment units 3BL and 3BR to be obtained.

  The band portion 3 is formed in an arch shape having a diameter smaller than that of a general human head and has an elastic force. When the band portion 3 is attached to a listener, the case portions 4L and 4R are left and right. When mounted while being spread, the casings 4L and 4R can be held in contact with the listener's head in order to return to the original shape by the action of the elastic force after mounting. it can.

  In addition, since the ear speaker device 1 is configured substantially symmetrically as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the following description will mainly focus on the left electroacoustic conversion unit 2 </ b> L as an example.

  In practice, as shown in the left side view of FIG. 4, the ear speaker device 1 is attached to the listener's head 100 after the length of the band portion 3 is adjusted, so that the adjusting portions 3BL and 3BR are adjusted. The electroacoustic transducer 2L attached to the lower end side is positioned slightly in front of the auricle 101L in the listener's head.

  As a result, the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L of the ear speaker device 1 causes the mid-high sound radiated from the speaker unit 7L to directly reach the inside of the ear canal of the listener, and also the reflected sound reflected by the listener's cheek, the auricle 101L, and the like. Since it can reach the inside of the external auditory canal, it is possible to give a natural sound image localization similar to the case of listening through a general stationary speaker.

  At this time, when the ear speaker device 1 is normally attached to the listener, the speaker unit 7L is located slightly in front of the auricle 101L and the ear canal entrance 102L, and the hole 8AL of the tubular duct 8L is located in the vicinity of the ear canal entrance 102L. It is made to do.

  Incidentally, since the tubular duct 8L is formed in a substantially U-shaped side surface, the tubular duct 8L is prevented from entering the ear canal of the listener. As a result, the ear speaker device 1 can prevent the listener from accidentally damaging the ear canal by the tubular duct 8L when the listener is worn.

  Here, the Q1-Q2 cross-sectional view and Q3-Q4 cross-sectional view in FIG. 4 are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, and the Q5-Q6 cross-section in FIG. 5 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the casing 4L forms a substantially sealed space as a whole, and further, small spaces 4CL and 4DL partitioned by internal partition walls 4TL and 4UL provided inside. Is forming.

  The small spaces 4CL and 4DL are connected to the space in the tubular duct 8L by passing the tubular duct 8L through the baffle plate 4AL, and are connected to the interior through the tubular inner ducts 9AL and 9BL provided forward. Are also connected to the space in the housing 4L.

  That is, the housing part 4L is provided with two types of ducts (hereinafter referred to as a duct part DCL) constituted by the internal ducts 9AL and 9BL, the small spaces 4CL and 4DL, and the tubular duct 8L. .

  Here, as shown in FIG. 8, each system of the duct portion DCL can represent an acoustic circuit by an electrical equivalent circuit. In FIG. 8, a coil L1 corresponds to the internal duct 9LA (or 9LB) and represents an equivalent mass of air in the internal duct 9LA (or 9LB). Similarly, the coil L2 corresponds to one line of the tubular duct 8L and represents the equivalent mass of air in the tubular duct 8L. On the other hand, the small space 4CL (or 4DL) corresponds to the capacitor C1, and represents the compliance (volume) of the small space 4CL (or 4DL).

  The equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 8 forms an LC filter as a whole, cuts off mid-high frequency components above a predetermined frequency contained in the audio signal, and passes only low-frequency components. That is, the duct part DCL (FIG. 6) acts as an acoustic filter for each system, thereby attenuating the mid and high frequency components of the sound transmitted from the space in the housing 4L, and mainly converting the low frequency components to the tubular duct. It will be discharged from the 8L hole 8AL.

  Incidentally, the small spaces 4CL and 4DL can obtain desired acoustic characteristics by appropriately adjusting the volume, the cross-sectional area, and the like according to the frequency of the mid-high range component to be attenuated. Similarly, the internal ducts 9LA and 9LB are configured so that desired acoustic characteristics can be obtained by appropriately setting the length, the inner diameter, and the like according to the frequency of the mid-high frequency component to be attenuated.

  The duct portion DCL also functions as a resonance circuit for each speaker unit 7L. In other words, the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L operates as a bass-reflex type speaker as a whole by causing the duct unit DCL to act as two bass-reflex ducts. Incidentally, the tubular duct 8L is set to an appropriate resonance frequency or the like by adjusting the effective length from the inner end 8BL (FIG. 6) to the hole 8AL (FIG. 5).

  The right electroacoustic transducer 2R is provided with a duct portion DCR (not shown) substantially symmetrical to the duct portion DCL.

  By the way, in a general bass reflex type speaker, the duct is provided only inside the casing and is not extended to the outside. Therefore, for comparison with the electroacoustic transducer 2L, an electroacoustic transducer 12L as shown in FIG. 9 corresponding to FIG. 5 is assumed. The electroacoustic conversion unit 12L is configured in the same manner as a general bass reflex type speaker, and instead of the duct unit DCL in the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L, only two tubular ducts 18L and 19L are provided only inside the housing unit 4. have.

  In the case of this electroacoustic conversion unit 12L, medium and high sounds radiated from the speaker unit 7L when the position of the speaker unit 7L is regarded as a virtual sound source position (hereinafter referred to as a virtual sound source position) PM. Is radiated from the holes 18AL and 19AL through the tubular ducts 18L and 19L when the path length EM until the listener reaches the eardrum 103L of the listener and the holes 18AL and 19AL are regarded as the virtual sound source position PL2. When the path length EL2 until the bass reaches the eardrum 103L of the listener is compared, the path length EM≈path length EL2.

  Here, the frequency characteristics of the sound that reaches the eardrum 103L by the electroacoustic transducer 12L are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, a general bass reflex electroacoustic transducer 12L includes medium and high sounds radiated from the speaker unit 7L and having a frequency characteristic as indicated by the characteristic curve SM, and inside and 19L of the tubular duct 18L. The low-frequency sound having a frequency characteristic as shown in the characteristic curve SL2 radiated from the holes 18AL and 19AL through the inside is combined to reach the eardrum 103L of the listener.

  As a result, the electroacoustic conversion unit 12L causes the listener to listen to the reproduced sound in which the sound pressure level in the low frequency range of the characteristic curve SM is increased to some extent, as indicated by the characteristic curve SG2 obtained by synthesizing the characteristic curve SM and the characteristic curve SL2. be able to.

  On the other hand, in the electroacoustic transducer 2L (FIG. 5) according to the present invention, when the speaker unit 7L is regarded as the virtual sound source position PM, the middle and high sounds emitted from the speaker unit 7L reach the eardrum 103L of the listener. When the path length EM and the hole 8AL are regarded as the virtual sound source position PL1, the bass emitted from the hole 8AL is transmitted through the tubular duct 8L via the internal ducts 9AL and 9BL and the small spaces 4CL and 4DL. Comparing the path length EL1 until reaching the eardrum 103L of the listener, the path length EM> the path length EL1.

  Here, the frequency characteristics of the sound that reaches the eardrum 103L by the electroacoustic transducer 2L are shown in FIG. Since the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L is a kind of bass reflex type speaker as described above, the middle / high pitch sound having the frequency characteristic shown in the characteristic curve SM radiated from the speaker unit 7L is the same as the case shown in FIG. And the bass sound having the frequency characteristic as shown in the characteristic curve SL1 transmitted through the duct part DCL and radiated from the hole part 8AL is combined to reach the eardrum 103L of the listener.

  By the way, in general, the distance from the sound source and the sound pressure level are in an inversely proportional relationship. Here, when the path lengths of the electroacoustic transducer 2L (FIG. 5) and the electroacoustic transducer 12L (FIG. 9) are compared, the path length EL1 <the path length EL2. That is, the electroacoustic transducer 2L (FIG. 5) is located in the duct portion DCL because the virtual sound source position PL1 is located closer to the listener's ear canal entrance 102L than the virtual sound source position PL2 of the electroacoustic transducer 12L (FIG. 9). Can be caused to reach the eardrum 103L at a higher sound pressure level than in the case of the electroacoustic transducer 12L.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 12, the characteristic curve SL1 of the bass due to the duct portion DCL is compared with the characteristic curve SL2 of the bass due to the tubular ducts 18L and 19L due to the relationship of the path length EL1 <path length EL2. Increases overall sound pressure level.

  As a result, in the electroacoustic transducer 2L according to the present invention, as shown in the characteristic curve SG1 obtained by synthesizing the characteristic curve SM and the characteristic curve SL1, the sound pressure level in the low frequency range in the characteristic curve SM is the electroacoustic transducer 12L. It is possible to make the listener listen to the reproduced sound with a sufficient sound pressure level up to a relatively low frequency band, which is higher than (characteristic curve SG2).

Here, when the characteristic curve SG1 is compared with the characteristic curve SG2, the sound pressure level in the characteristic curve SG2 decreases relatively steeply as it goes to the low frequency range, whereas in the characteristic curve SG1, the low frequency range side. It can be seen that the degree of decrease in the sound pressure level becomes milder as the process proceeds.

  That is, the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L transmits a good reproduction sound having a high sound pressure level over a wide frequency band, that is, including a sufficient low frequency range, to the listener's eardrum 103 as compared with the electroacoustic conversion unit 12L. Can be heard.

  In this case, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the electroacoustic transducer 2L has the rear end side of the tubular duct 8L positioned in the vicinity of the listener's ear canal entrance 102L, and the ear canal entrance 102L is completely closed. Do not block. For this reason, the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L adds the sound generated around the listener (hereinafter referred to as the surrounding sound) in addition to the reproduced sound that is a combination of the medium and high sounds output from the speaker unit 7L and the bass emitted from the hole 8AL of the tubular duct 8L. It is possible to reach and listen to the eardrum 103L of the listener without blocking the sound).

  In addition, the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L can prevent the middle and high frequency components of the reproduced sound from being radiated from the hole 8AL of the tubular duct 8L by causing the duct unit DCL to act as an acoustic filter.

  With respect to the electroacoustic transducer 2L and the electroacoustic transducer 12L, actual frequency characteristics were measured using a measurement jig simulating a human pinna and external auditory canal. In the case of the acoustic conversion unit 2L) and the characteristic curve SG12 (in the case of the electroacoustic conversion unit 12L) were obtained.

  In FIG. 13, the characteristic curve SG11 of the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L is more than the characteristic curve SG12 of the electroacoustic conversion unit 12L in a low frequency range of about 500 [Hz] or less, like the theoretical frequency characteristic shown in FIG. The sound pressure level is high. That is, it has been shown that the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L can actually allow the listener to listen to a good reproduced sound including a sufficiently low sound.

  Thus, when the ear speaker device 1 is attached to the listener's head 100, the speaker unit 7L is positioned at a position slightly away from the listener's external auditory canal entrance 102L to emit medium and high-pitched sounds, and the housing unit Natural sound image localization is achieved by radiating bass sounds with reduced mid to high frequencies from the hole 8AL of the tubular duct 8L through the duct part DCL extending from 4L to the vicinity of the ear canal entrance 102L and acting as a bass reflex duct. Therefore, it is possible to cause the listener to listen to a good reproduced sound including a sufficiently low sound.

(2) Configuration Example of Other Ear Speaker Device By the way, as shown in FIGS. The electroacoustic transducers 2L and 2R may be attached to the listener's head 100 by using other various attachments in place of the band 3.

  In the following, as in the case of the ear speaker device 1 described above, the left electroacoustic transducer 2L will be mainly described as an example. However, for the right electroacoustic transducer 2R, the left electroacoustic transducer 2L. And symmetrically configured.

  For example, the ear speaker device 20 shown in FIG. 14 is configured as a so-called ear clip type, and instead of the band portion 3 in the ear speaker device 1 (FIGS. 1 to 4), an ear for hooking on the listener's pinna 101L. A clip 21L is attached to the casing 4L of the electroacoustic transducer 2L. In addition, small spaces 4CL and 4DL and internal ducts 9AL and 9BL are provided in the housing portion 4L (not shown), and the duct portion DCL is configured together with the tubular duct 8L.

  The ear speaker device 20 can attach the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L to the listener's head 100 by hooking the ear clip 21L to the listener's pinna 101L, and, like the ear speaker device 1, natural sound image localization is possible. In this way, the listener can listen to a good reproduction sound including a sufficient bass sound.

  Further, the ear speaker device 30 shown in FIG. 15 is configured as a so-called under-chin type, and instead of the band portion 3 in the ear speaker device 1 (FIGS. 1 to 4), left and right electroacoustic transducers 2L and 2R are provided. A band 31 for connecting and hooking on the listener's pinna 101L is attached to the housing 4L. The central portion 31A of the band portion 31 is formed in a substantially convex downward arch shape, and is assumed to pass under the listener's jaw and to the left and right. In addition, small spaces 4CL and 4DL and internal ducts 9AL and 9BL are provided in the housing portion 4L (not shown), and the duct portion DCL is configured together with the tubular duct 8L.

  The ear speaker device 30 (FIG. 15) can attach the electroacoustic converter 2L to the listener's head 100 by hooking the ear hook 31BL of the band 31 to the listener's pinna 101L. Similar to the device 1, the listener can listen to a good reproduction sound including a sufficient bass while giving a natural sound image localization.

  Further, the ear speaker device 40 shown in FIG. 16 is configured as a so-called shoulder hold type, and instead of the band portion 3 in the ear speaker device 1 (FIGS. 1 to 4), left and right electroacoustic transducers 2L and 2R are provided. A shoulder arm 41 that is connected and supported from the shoulder portion of the listener is attached to the housing portion 4L. The center portion 41A of the shoulder arm 41 is formed in a substantially convex arch shape at the back, and is assumed to be hooked from the back of the listener's neck to the upper portion of the shoulder and passed to the left and right. In addition, small spaces 4CL and 4DL and internal ducts 9AL and 9BL are provided in the housing portion 4L (not shown), and the duct portion DCL is configured together with the tubular duct 8L.

  The ear speaker device 40 (FIG. 16) can be mounted on the listener's head 100 by being hooked over both shoulders of the listener, and, like the ear speaker device 1, a natural sound image is obtained. The listener can listen to a good reproduction sound including a sufficient bass while giving a localization.

  Further, the ear speaker device 50 shown in FIG. 17 is configured as a so-called neckband type, and instead of the band portion 3 in the ear speaker device 1 (FIGS. 1 to 4), left and right electroacoustic transducers 2L and 2R are provided. A band 51 for connecting and hanging on the listener's pinna 101L is attached to the housing 4L. The central portion 51A of the band portion 51 is formed on the assumption that it is formed in a substantially convex arch shape on the back and is passed on the back side of the rear head of the listener. In addition, small spaces 4CL and 4DL and internal ducts 9AL and 9BL are provided in the housing portion 4L (not shown), and the duct portion DCL is configured together with the tubular duct 8L.

  This ear speaker device 50 (FIG. 17) can attach the electroacoustic transducer 2L to the listener's head 100 by hooking the ear hook 51BL of the band 51 to the listener's pinna 101L. Similar to the device 1, the listener can listen to a good reproduction sound including a sufficient bass while giving a natural sound image localization.

  Further, the ear speaker device 60 shown in FIG. 18 has the electroacoustic transducer 2L in the ear speaker device 50 shown in FIG. 17 positioned behind the auricle 101 of the listener, and is substantially L-shaped instead of the tubular duct 8L. A tubular duct 68L is extended from the housing portion 4L located behind the listener's pinna 101L to the vicinity of the ear canal entrance 102L. The left and right electroacoustic transducers 2L and 2R are connected to each other by a band 61 that is passed on the back side of the listener's neck. Further, a small space 4CL and an internal duct 9AL (not shown) are provided in the housing part 4L, and the duct part DCL is configured together with the tubular duct 68L.

  In the ear speaker device 60 (FIG. 18), the electroacoustic transducer 2L can be mounted on the listener's head 100 by hooking the tubular duct 68L to the listener's pinna 101L. The listener can listen to a good reproduction sound including a sufficient bass while giving a natural sound image localization.

  Further, the ear speaker device 70 shown in FIG. 19 includes a rear electroacoustic transducer 72L having the same configuration as the above-described electroacoustic transducer 12L (FIG. 9) in addition to the electroacoustic transducer 2L. The band unit 71 instead of the band unit 3 in the speaker device 1 (FIGS. 1 to 4) positions the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L in front of the auricle 101L and the rear electroacoustic conversion unit 72L behind the auricle 101L. It is made to be located in. In addition, small spaces 4CL and 4DL and internal ducts 9AL and 9BL are provided in the housing portion 4L (not shown), and the duct portion DCL is configured together with the tubular duct 8L.

  Incidentally, the rear electroacoustic converter 72L is supplied with an audio signal for a rear channel in a multichannel sound source such as a 4-channel or 5.1-channel sound source.

  The ear speaker device 70 (FIG. 19) can be attached to the listener's head 100 by attaching the electroacoustic transducer 2L and the rear electroacoustic transducer 72L to the listener's head 100. With the auricle 101L sandwiched between the acoustic conversion unit 2L and the rear electroacoustic conversion unit 72L, the listener listens to a good reproduction sound that is a surround sound and includes a sufficient bass while giving a natural sound image localization. Has been made to get.

  Further, in this case, in the ear speaker device 70 (FIG. 19), a vibration unit 75 is attached to the band unit 71, and for example, vibration corresponding to a heavy bass component in a 5.1 channel sound source is applied to the listener's head 100. Also good.

  The ear speaker device 70 (FIG. 19) has a rear electroacoustic conversion in the same manner as the ear speaker device 60 (FIG. 18), except that the tubular duct 8L is extended from the electroacoustic converter 2L to the vicinity of the listener's ear canal entrance 102L. The tubular duct extends from the portion 72L to the vicinity of the listener's ear canal entrance 102L, or the tubular duct extends from both the electroacoustic transducer 2L and the rear electroacoustic transducer 72L to the listener's ear canal entrance 102L. Also good.

  Further, the ear speaker device 80 shown in FIG. 20 is connected to the left and right electroacoustic transducers 2L and 2R instead of the band portion 3 in the ear speaker device 1 (FIGS. 1 to 4), and in front of the listener's cheek. A band portion 81 for positioning is attached to the housing portion 4L.

  The casing 4L is provided with a tubular duct 88L extending from the casing 4L to the vicinity of the listener's ear canal entrance 102L instead of the tubular duct 8L. The tubular duct 88L is appropriately calculated for its inner diameter, sound path length, and the like in order to radiate a good bass sound in the reproduced sound from the hole 88AL. Further, small spaces 4CL and 4DL and internal ducts 9AL and 9BL are provided in the housing 4L (not shown), and the duct portion DCL is configured together with the tubular duct 88L.

  The ear speaker device 80 (FIG. 20) is mounted on the listener's head 100, whereby the housing portion 4L can be positioned in front of the listener's cheek. In this case, since the characteristics of the medium and high sounds radiated from the speaker unit 7L are reflected by being reflected by the listener's cheeks or the like, compared to the case of the ear speaker device 1, a general stationary speaker is used. It will be closer to the sound radiated from. Thereby, the ear speaker device 80 can make the listener listen to the reproduced sound that can give a more natural feeling of localization.

  As described above, according to the present invention, in addition to the band portion 3 (FIGS. 1 to 4) of the ear speaker device 1, the mounting portions having various methods such as the ear speaker devices 20 to 80 (FIGS. 14 to 20) are used. The electroacoustic transducers 2L and 2R may be attached to the listener's head 100.

(3) Operation and effect In the above configuration, the ear speaker device 1 has two systems of ducts constituted by the internal ducts 9AL and 9BL, the small spaces 4CL and 4DL, and the tubular duct 8L in the casing section 4L, that is, the duct section DCL. And the speaker unit 7L provided in the housing portion 4L of the electroacoustic transducer 2L is positioned slightly forward of the listener's ear canal entrance 102L and is tubular. In a state where the front end portion on the rear side of the duct 8L is positioned in the vicinity of the ear canal entrance 102L, a reproduction sound based on the audio signal supplied from a predetermined amplifier is output.

  At this time, the electroacoustic transducer 2L (FIG. 5) of the ear speaker device 1 has a hole 8AL in the tubular duct 8L that is longer than the path length EM until the middle and high sounds radiated from the speaker unit 7L reach the eardrum 103L of the listener. Since the path length EL1 until the bass radiated from the sound reaches the eardrum 103L is shortened, as shown in the characteristic curve SL1 for the middle and high sounds as shown in the characteristic curve SM (FIG. 7). In addition, a bass having a relatively high sound pressure level can reach the eardrum 103L.

  Therefore, since the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L of the ear speaker device 1 can reflect the middle and high sounds radiated from the speaker unit 7L by the listener's cheeks, the auricles 101L and the like to reach the eardrum 103L, a general speaker Thus, the listener can listen to the reproduced sound having characteristics similar to those of listening to the reproduced sound through the sound, and a natural localization feeling that the sound image is located outside the head can be given.

  Further, the electroacoustic transducer 2L of the ear speaker device 1 is shown in the characteristic curve SG1 (FIG. 9) and the characteristic curve SG11 (FIG. 10) by extending the tubular duct 8L to the vicinity of the listener's ear canal entrance 102L. In addition, it is possible to make the listener listen to a good reproduced sound having a sufficient sound pressure level up to a relatively low sound range.

  In this case, in the electroacoustic transducer 2L of the ear speaker device 1, the tubular duct 8L is extended to the vicinity of the listener's external auditory canal entrance 102L. Therefore, in the general bass reflex electroacoustic transducer 2L (FIG. 9), the tubular duct Compared with a bass sound such as the characteristic curve SL2 (FIG. 10) output from the 18L and 19L, a bass sound having a large sound pressure level such as the characteristic curve SL1 (FIG. 10) can reach the eardrum 103L of the listener. The low-pitched sound that is likely to be insufficient due to the relatively small diameter of the speaker unit 7L and a slight distance from the ear canal entrance 102L can be heard by the listener at a sufficient sound pressure level.

  Moreover, the electroacoustic conversion part 2L of the ear speaker device 1 prevents the middle and high frequency components of the reproduced sound from being emitted from the hole 8AL of the tubular duct 8L by causing the duct part DCL to act as an acoustic filter. Therefore, it is possible to give the listener a natural feeling of localization without destroying the sound image localization formed by the medium and high sounds output from the speaker unit 7L.

  Furthermore, since the ear speaker device 1 does not increase the reproduction volume of the bass sound but brings the bass radiating port close to the eardrum 103L, the eardrum 103L (FIG. 5) has a sufficiently low sound, so that, for example, a large aperture Compared to the case where low sound is reproduced using a speaker, subwoofer, etc., low sound and vibration leaking to the surroundings can be substantially eliminated. Therefore, for example, when the listener listens to the reproduced sound through the ear speaker device 1 at midnight, the user can enjoy a satisfactory reproduced sound including a sufficient low sound without worrying about inconvenience to the vicinity and surroundings. be able to.

  Furthermore, since the tubular duct 8L does not block the listener's external auditory canal entrance 102L, it is possible to reach the eardrum 103L and listen to the reproduced sound without blocking the ambient sound generated around the listener.

  Thereby, the ear speaker device 1 can listen to the ambient sound in addition to the good reproduction sound even when the listener needs to listen to the surrounding sound, such as when the listener walks or plays sports. it can.

  Further, since the ear speaker device 1 does not cover the listener's pinna 101L or the like, the ear speaker device 1 does not give an unpleasant feeling such as a feeling of blockage or stuffiness that a listener wearing a general headphone feels. Further, since the sealed space is not formed, the resonance frequency in the ear canal, which may occur when sealed headphones are used, does not occur, and the listener does not feel uncomfortable.

  In addition, since the ear speaker device 1 allows the listener to listen to a bass having a sufficient volume level by bringing the bass emission port close to the eardrum 103L, it is not necessary to unnecessarily increase the aperture of the speaker unit 7L. The size of 4 can be minimized. Thereby, since the size and weight of the entire ear speaker device 1 can be minimized, it is possible to minimize the troublesomeness caused by the size and weight of the listener when the ear speaker device 1 is mounted.

  According to the above configuration, the ear speaker device 1 is provided with the duct portion DCL including the internal ducts 9AL and 9BL, the small spaces 4CL and 4DL, and the tubular duct 8L. The speaker unit 7L of the converter 2L is positioned slightly in front of the listener's external auditory canal entrance 102L and outputs a reproduced sound with the tubular duct 8L extending toward the external auditory canal entrance 102L, thereby acting as a bass reflex duct. Since the bass sound attenuated in the middle and high sounds can be transmitted to the eardrum 103 at a sufficient sound pressure level from the hole 8AL of the tubular duct 8L of the duct part DCL, a natural sound image localization can be provided and a sufficient sound up to a relatively low sound range can be obtained. It is possible to make the listener listen to a good reproduction sound having a pressure level.

(4) Other Embodiments In the above-described embodiment, a case where nothing is provided inside the small spaces 4CL and 4DL is described as a simple space, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 21 in which parts corresponding to those in FIG. 6 are given the same reference numerals, a sound absorbing material SA made of an acoustic resistance member (for example, a sponge) is placed in a small space 4CL in the electroacoustic transducer 122L of the ear speaker device 120. May be provided.

  The duct portion DCL of the electroacoustic transducer 122L is radiated from the hole 8AL as compared with the electroacoustic transducer 2L (FIG. 6) because the mid-high sound resonated in the small space 4CL is absorbed by the sound absorbing material SA. Unnecessary middle and high tones can be further attenuated. The shape, amount, etc. of the sound absorbing material SA may be appropriately adjusted according to the shape of the small space 4CL, the frequency characteristics due to resonance, and the like.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the duct part DCL including the internal ducts 9AL and 9BL, the small spaces 4CL and 4DL, and the tubular duct 8L is provided has been described. As shown in FIG. 22 in which the same reference numerals are assigned to the corresponding parts to 5, a small space 134CL partitioned by an internal partition wall 134TL and a passive radiator 139L is formed in the housing part 134L of the electroacoustic conversion part 132L in the ear speaker device 130. The duct portion DCL may be configured by providing this and the tubular duct 8L.

  The passive radiator 139L is generally called a drone cone, and a diaphragm 139CL made of a substantially disk-like light material is attached to the internal partition wall 134TL via an edge 139EL, and a diaphragm (not shown) of the speaker unit 7L. When the pressure in the housing part 134L changes according to the vibration of the vibration, the diaphragm 139CL is vibrated according to the pressure change.

  As a result, the passive radiator 139L and the small space 134CL have the same effects as the internal ducts 9AL and 9BL and the small spaces 4CL and 4DL in the electroacoustic transducer 2L (FIG. 5). It can be transmitted to the tubular duct 8L. As a result, similarly to the electroacoustic transducer 2L, the electroacoustic transducer 132L can greatly reduce the mid-high sound radiated from the hole 8AL of the tubular duct 8L, and the balance between the mid-high and bass is appropriate. And a natural sound image localization can be given to the listener without disturbing the mid-high sound radiated from the speaker unit 7L.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, when the ear speaker device 1 is mounted on the listener's head 100, the hole 8AL is provided so that the hole 8AL of the tubular duct 8L faces the eardrum 103L of the listener. Although the present invention is not limited to this, the tubular duct 148L in the electroacoustic transducer 142L of the ear speaker device 140 is shown in FIG. The hole 148AL may be provided in a direction (for example, rearward) different from the eardrum 103L of the listener.

  In this case, due to the general nature of sound such that the directivity of medium and high sounds is relatively strong and the directivity of low sounds is weak, medium and high sounds radiated from the hole 148AL of the tubular duct 148L hardly reach the eardrum 103L of the listener. In addition, the virtual sound source position PL3 is substantially the same as the virtual sound source position PL1 (FIG. 5), the path length EL3 is substantially the same as the path length EL1 (FIG. 5), and the bass radiated from the hole 148AL is almost the same. This can be sufficiently transmitted to the eardrum 103L of the listener without being reduced. As a result, the electroacoustic conversion unit 142L can give a natural sound image localization to the listener by the medium and high sounds radiated from the speaker unit 7L, similarly to the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the small spaces 4CL and 4DL are formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various types such as a substantially cylindrical shape and a substantially triangular pyramid shape can be used. The shape may be sufficient. In short, it is sufficient that the duct portion DCL has a predetermined volume so as to be able to attenuate middle and high sounds.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where two systems of the duct part DCL are provided has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and one system or three or more systems of the duct part DCL may be provided. At this time, the rear end portions of the tubular duct 8L may be connected to each other or separated from each other.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 24 in which parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, one tubular duct 158L is provided in the electroacoustic transducer 152L of the ear speaker device 150, and the small space 4CL and the internal duct 9AL are provided therein. (Not shown) may be provided. In this case, a protective portion 159L made of sponge or the like for preventing damage to the listener's ear canal entrance 102L may be attached to the rear end portion of the tubular duct 158L.

  The tubular duct 8L (FIGS. 1 to 7) may be formed of a hard material such as metal, or may be formed of a soft material such as a flexible resin. In this case, the inner diameter and the path length only have to be designed in consideration of the difference in material of the tubular duct 8L.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the tubular duct 8L passes through the baffle plate 4AL of the casing portion 4L has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the tubular duct 8L includes the casing 4L. The other side surface may be penetrated and connected to the small spaces 4CL and 4DL.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 25 in which parts corresponding to those in FIG. 5 are assigned the same reference numerals, the tubular duct 168L may be freely attached to and detached from the casing 164L of the ear speaker device 160. In this case, for example, a duct holding portion 164BL for holding the tubular duct 168L is provided on the baffle plate 164AL of the housing portion 164L, and a fitting portion 168AL for fitting with the duct holding portion 164BL is provided at the front end portion of the tubular duct 168L. Just keep it.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the two ducts constituting the duct part DCL are made to have a substantially symmetrical structure as shown in FIG. 7 is described, but the present invention is not limited to this, for example, As shown in FIG. 26 in which the same reference numerals are given to corresponding parts to FIG. 7, in the ear speaker device 170, the lengths and inner diameters of the internal ducts 179AL and 179BL are made different from each other, or from the front end of the tubular duct 178L. The effective lengths up to the hole 178AL may be made unequal, or the volumes and shapes of the small spaces 174CL and 174DL may be made different from each other, and these may be combined as appropriate.

  In this case, since the frequency characteristics of attenuation among the mid and high frequency components of the sound are different for each system of the duct part DCL, a specific frequency of the medium and high sounds is radiated without being sufficiently attenuated from the hole 178AL of the tubular duct 178L. The possibility of being lost can be greatly reduced.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the ear speaker device 1 includes the left and right electroacoustic conversion units 2L and 2R and outputs the reproduction sound of two channels has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Alternatively, for example, only the left electroacoustic converter 2L may be provided to output one channel of reproduced sound.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the casing unit 4 is provided with the speaker unit 7L for middle and high sounds has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and two cases, for example, for medium sounds and for high sounds. A plurality of speaker units may be provided in the housing part 4 such as providing a speaker unit in one housing part 4 to form a 2-way speaker.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the casing portions 4L and 4R having a shape obtained by dividing the sphere into four equal parts in the vertical direction has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the casing is not limited thereto. The part may have various shapes such as a cubic shape or a cylindrical shape. In short, it is only necessary to have a substantially sealed space inside that can function as an enclosure for a bass reflex speaker.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the electroacoustic transducer as the electroacoustic transducer is constituted by the housing parts 4L and 4R as the housing parts, the speaker units 7L and 7R as the speaker units, and the duct part DCL as the duct part. Although the case where the conversion units 2L and 2R are configured has been described, the present invention is not limited to this, and an electroacoustic transducer is configured by a casing unit, a speaker unit, and a duct unit having various other configurations. May be.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the housing portions 4L and 4R as the housing portions, the speaker units 7L and 7R as the speaker units, the duct portions DCL and DCR as the duct portions, and the electroacoustic transducer Although the case where the ear speaker device 1 as the ear speaker device is configured by the electroacoustic conversion units 2L and 2R and the band unit 3 as the mounting portion has been described, the present invention is not limited to this and includes various other configurations. You may make it comprise an ear speaker apparatus by a housing | casing part, a speaker unit, a duct part, an electroacoustic transducer, and a mounting part.

  The present invention can be used not only for bass reflex type speakers but also for various ear speaker devices in which a speaker device having various ducts such as a back load horn type is mounted on the head of a listener.

It is a rough-line perspective view which shows the whole structure (1) of an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line rear view which shows the whole structure (2) of an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line front view which shows the whole structure (3) of an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line side view which shows the mounting state (1) of an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line top sectional view which shows the mounting state (2) of an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line top sectional view which shows the internal structure (1) of an ear speaker apparatus. It is an approximate line left sectional view showing the internal structure (2) of an ear speaker device. It is a circuit diagram which shows the acoustic circuit of a duct part. It is an approximate line top sectional view showing a general bass reflex type ear speaker device. It is a basic diagram which shows the frequency characteristic in the conventional bass-reflex type speaker. It is a basic diagram which shows the frequency characteristic of the ear speaker apparatus by this invention. It is a basic diagram which shows a theoretical frequency characteristic. It is a basic diagram which shows the frequency characteristic by measurement. It is an approximate line side view showing an example (1) of composition and wearing of an ear speaker device. It is a rough-line side view which shows the structure and example (2) of mounting | wearing with an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line side view which shows the structure of an ear speaker apparatus, and the example (3) of mounting | wearing. It is a rough-line side view which shows the structure and example (4) of mounting | wearing with an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line side view which shows the structure and example (5) of mounting | wearing with an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line side view which shows the structure and example (6) of mounting | wearing with an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line side view which shows the example of a structure and mounting | wearing of an ear speaker apparatus (7). It is a rough-line top sectional view which shows the structure (1) of the ear speaker apparatus by other embodiment. It is a rough-line top sectional view which shows the structure (2) of the ear speaker apparatus by other embodiment. It is a rough-line top sectional view which shows the structure and mounting state of the ear speaker apparatus by other embodiment. It is a rough-line perspective view which shows the structural example (1) of the tubular duct by other embodiment. It is a rough-line perspective view which shows the structural example (2) of the tubular duct by other embodiment. It is a rough-line perspective view which shows the structural example (3) of the tubular duct by other embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

  1, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170... Ear speaker device, 2L, 2R, 72L, 122L, 132L, 142L, 152L, 172L, ... electroacoustic conversion unit, 3 ... band unit, 4L, 4R, 134L, 164L, 174L: Housing, 4CL, 4DL ... Small space, 4TL, 4UL ... Internal partition, 7L, 7R ... Speaker unit, 8L, 8R, 148L, 168L, 178L ... Tubular duct 8AL, 8AR, 148AL, 178AL ... Hole, 9AL, 9BL ... Internal duct, DCL ... Duct part, 100 ... Head, 101L ... Auricle, 102L ... Ear canal entrance, 103L ... Tympanic membrane.

Claims (11)

A housing part having a space inside mounted at a predetermined position with respect to the head of the listener;
A speaker unit that is attached to one surface of the housing portion and has a predetermined distance between the listener and the ear canal entrance when the housing portion is attached to the head of the listener;
Two sets of small spaces separated from the internal space of the casing, two sets of internal ducts for transmitting sound generated in the internal space into the small space, and one of the small spaces from the listener's ear canal entrance An external duct that extends to the vicinity and returns to the other small space and is provided with a sound emitting hole in the vicinity of the ear canal entrance of the listener, and is generated in the internal space . An electroacoustic transducer comprising: a duct portion that reduces the mid-high range component from the generated sound and reaches the vicinity of the listener's ear canal entrance. The duct part is
The acoustic characteristics of the two sets of internal ducts are different from each other
The electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1 . The duct part is
The acoustic characteristics in the two sets of small spaces are different from each other.
The electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1 . The duct part is
The effective lengths from the two sets of small spaces to the hole in the external duct are different from each other.
The electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1 . The duct part is
In place of the internal duct, a passive radiator is provided that transmits sound generated in the internal space to the small space.
The electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1 . The duct part is
Acts as a duct for bass reflex speakers
The electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1. The external duct is
The hole is oriented in a different direction from the ear canal entrance
The electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1. The housing part is
When mounted on the head of the listener, the sound emitting surface of the speaker unit is oriented approximately in the direction of the ear canal entrance of the listener.
The electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1. A housing part having a space inside mounted at a predetermined position with respect to the head of the listener, and attached to one surface of the housing part, and when the housing part is attached to the head of the listener, A speaker unit provided with a predetermined distance between the entrance to the ear canal , two sets of small spaces separated from the internal space of the casing , and two sets for transmitting sound generated in the internal space into the small space An internal duct, and a substantially U-shape extending from one of the small spaces to the vicinity of the listener's outer ear canal and returning to the other small space. An electroacoustic transducer having an external duct provided with a portion, and having a duct portion that reduces a mid-high range component from the sound generated in the internal space and reaches the vicinity of the ear canal entrance of the listener;
An ear speaker device comprising: a mounting portion for mounting the electroacoustic transducer on a head of the listener so that the predetermined distance is provided between the speaker unit and the ear canal entrance of the listener. The mounting part is
When the electroacoustic transducer is mounted on the listener's head, the speaker unit is positioned in front of the listener's ear canal entrance, and is located behind the listener's ear canal entrance in a predetermined rear direction. Provided with rear housing with speaker unit attached
The ear speaker device according to claim 9 . The mounting part is
In addition to the housing part, a predetermined vibrator mounted on the mounting part for applying vibration to the head of the listener is provided.
The ear speaker device according to claim 9 .

Images