JP4828973B2 - Drive device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement of a clutch mechanism at the time of manual operation of a drive device.

  In a measuring machine for measuring the surface property or the like of a measurement object, a machine tool, or the like, a linear moving mechanism using a drive motor and a feed screw is used to move a detector, a table, and the like. Among these linear movement mechanisms, there is one in which a feed screw can be manually rotated so as to perform extremely low-speed fine movement feeding. As such a mechanism for manual feeding, a structure is generally employed in which a manual handle is connected directly to a feed screw shaft end or via a gear or the like and a driving force from the manual handle is transmitted to the feed screw.

However, in the case of the above-described configuration, the manual handle also rotates at the same time during electric driving, and there is a risk of entrainment. Furthermore, since an extra load from the manual handle is applied to the feed screw during electric drive, the speed control is adversely affected, which hinders high-accuracy speed control. In order to avoid these problems, a drive device having a clutch mechanism that separates a feed screw and a manual handle during electric drive has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).
JP 2001-201305 A

However, the drive device described in Patent Document 1 uses an electromagnetic clutch as a clutch mechanism, which causes a problem that the device is expensive. Further, when a clutch mechanism by manual pressing is adopted, an external force by pressing is applied to the apparatus main body, and there is a possibility that extra displacement occurs in the position of the apparatus main body when performing manual driving.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a drive device including a clutch mechanism having an inexpensive configuration.

In order to achieve the above object, a drive device according to the present invention has a drive rotary shaft that is rotatably held, a drive motor that rotationally drives the drive rotary shaft, and an end surface provided with a plurality of recesses. A manually rotating shaft rotatably held, a manual handle for rotating the manual rotating shaft,
A transmission unit installed between the drive rotation shaft and the manual rotation shaft and capable of transmitting power from the manual rotation shaft to the drive rotation shaft by contacting the drive rotation shaft when the manual rotation shaft rotates; , and has a surface having a recess provided corresponding to the concave portion of the manual rotary shaft, a clutch shaft which is movably held in the axial direction,
A spherical member sandwiched in contact with the inner wall surface of the recess provided in the manual rotation shaft and the inner wall surface of the recess provided in the clutch shaft, and pressing the clutch shaft toward the manual rotation shaft side, A clutch shaft urging member that keeps the drive rotation shaft and the transmission portion of the clutch shaft in an open state, and a predetermined load force with respect to the rotation force of the manual rotation shaft is applied to the spherical member when the manual rotation shaft rotates. And a load force applying means.
Then, when the manual rotating shaft is rotated, the load force applying means applies a load force against the rotating force of the manual rotating shaft to the spherical member, so that the spherical member becomes the concave portion of the manual rotating shaft and the clutch. The clutch shaft is pushed toward the drive rotation shaft by a force that tries to protrude from the recess of the shaft, the transmission portion of the clutch shaft contacts the drive rotation shaft, and the drive force of the manual rotation shaft is applied to the drive rotation shaft. To communicate.

In the above drive device, a manual rotation shaft holding portion that rotatably holds the manual rotation shaft is provided,
It said load force applying means includes a spherical member holding portion for holding said spherical member, and the load force applying biasing member for pressing contact with the spherical member holding portion to the manual rotation shaft holding portion, When the manual rotation shaft rotates, a load force against the rotation force by the manual rotation shaft is applied to the spherical member by a frictional force caused by contact between the spherical member ball holding portion and the manual rotation shaft holding portion. Is preferred.
The drive device is preferably a linear drive device in which the drive rotation shaft is configured by a feed screw.

  According to the driving device of the present invention, a clutch mechanism that cuts off the transmission of power between the drive rotating shaft and the manual handle when driven by the drive motor can be realized with an inexpensive configuration.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention that is used as a linear drive mechanism of a surface texture measuring machine. The surface texture measuring instrument 50 in FIG. 1 moves in a vertical direction (Z-axis direction in the figure) to the base 54 on which the object 52 is placed, the support 56 standing on the base 54, and the support 56. The drive device 10 is provided. The driving device 10 moves the detector 60 provided with the contact 58 that contacts the surface of the object 52 to be measured in the X-axis direction in the drawing.

  The drive device 10 includes a feed screw 12 (drive rotary shaft), a drive motor 14 that rotationally drives the feed screw 12, a manual handle 16 for manually rotating the feed screw 12, and a rotation from the manual handle 16 during manual operation. And a clutch mechanism 18 that transmits force to the feed screw 12. The feed screw 12 is rotatably held by a bearing 62, and a driven pulley 64 is provided at the shaft end of the feed screw 12. The driven pulley 64 is connected to a main pulley 66 provided on the drive shaft of the drive motor 14 by a V-shaped belt 68, and the driving force of the drive motor 14 is transmitted to the feed screw 12 via the V-shaped belt 68. A feed nut 70 is screwed onto the feed screw 12, and the rotational motion of the feed screw 12 is converted into a linear motion of the feed nut 70. The slider 72 fixed to the feed nut 70 is guided by the guide 74 and moves linearly together with the feed nut 70. The detector 60 is fixed to the slider 72.

The clutch mechanism 18 is in an open state except during manual operation, and the driving force of the feed screw 12 by the drive motor 14 is not transmitted to the manual handle 16. The characteristic part of the drive device 10 of the present embodiment is the clutch mechanism 18 and will be described below.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the clutch mechanism 18 portion of the drive device 10 of FIG. The clutch mechanism 18 includes a feed screw 12 (drive rotary shaft) that is rotatably held, a manual rotary shaft 20, a substantially cylindrical manual rotary shaft holding portion 22 that holds the manual rotary shaft 20 rotatably, and manual operation. A manual handle 16 for rotating the rotary shaft 20, a clutch shaft 24 installed between the drive rotary shaft 12 and the manual rotary shaft 20 and held movably in the axial direction, the clutch shaft 24 and the manual rotary shaft Steel balls 26a and 26b (spherical members) provided between the clutch 20, a clutch compression coil spring 28 (clutch shaft biasing member) that presses the clutch shaft 24 toward the manual rotation shaft 20, and a manual rotation shaft 20. Load force applying means 30 (steel ball load ring 32, load force applying compression coil spring 34) for applying a predetermined load force against the rotational force of the manual rotating shaft 20 to the steel balls 26a and 26b during rotation is provided.

  On the end surface of the manual rotation shaft 20 (the end surface opposite to the side connected to the manual handle 16), a plurality of recesses 36a and 36b are provided around the center of the end surface, and the clutch is opposed to the end surface. On the surface of the shaft 24, recesses 38 a and 38 b corresponding to the recesses 36 a and 36 b of the manual rotation shaft 20 are provided. In the present embodiment, the manual rotation shaft 20 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and concave portions 36a and 36b are provided on the end surfaces thereof. The clutch shaft 24 has a shape such that a substantially columnar member having a radius smaller than the radius of the disk is formed on one surface of the substantially disk-shaped member, and the column portion is located inside the cylinder of the manual rotation shaft 20. To be paid. And the recessed part 38a, 38b is provided in the single side | surface of a substantially disk-shaped member in the form facing the recessed part 36a, 36b provided in the manual rotating shaft 20. FIG. The other surface of the substantially disk-shaped member of the clutch shaft 24 is a transmission portion 42 that can contact the end 40 of the feed screw 12 and transmit power. Here, the end portion 40 of the feed screw 12 and the transmission portion 42 of the clutch shaft 24 are constituted by friction plates, and the driving force from the clutch shaft 24 to the feed screw 12 is transmitted using the friction force.

The steel balls 26 a and 26 b are in contact with the inner wall surfaces of the substantially conical recesses 36 a and 36 b provided on the manual rotating shaft 20 and the inner wall surfaces of the substantially conical recesses 38 a and 38 b provided on the clutch shaft 24. The transmission of the rotational force from the manual rotating shaft 20 to the clutch shaft 24 is performed through the steel balls 26a and 26b.
Here, the number of steel balls (spherical members) and the number of recesses corresponding thereto is shown as two, but the present invention is not limited to this and may be two or more. The shape of the recess is not particularly limited, but a shape in which the diameter of the hole is reduced toward the bottom of the recess, for example, a substantially conical shape as shown in the figure, a substantially truncated cone shape, or the like is preferable. .

  The clutch compression coil spring 28 includes an end of the substantially cylindrical member of the clutch shaft 24 (an end opposite to the substantially disk-shaped member) and an end of the manual rotating shaft 20 (the side where the recesses 36a and 36b are not provided). The end of the The clutch compression coil spring 28 presses the clutch shaft 24 toward the manual rotation shaft 20, and keeps the transmission portion 42 of the clutch shaft 24 and the end portion 42 of the feed screw 12 apart.

The load force applying means 30 includes a steel ball load ring 32 (spherical member holding portion) that holds the steel balls 26a and 26b, and a load force applying compression coil spring that presses and contacts the steel ball load ring 32 to the manual rotating shaft holding portion 22. 34 (a biasing member for applying a load force). As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 3, the steel ball load ring 32 includes a contact ring 44 that comes into contact with the manual rotation shaft holding portion 22 and holding rings 46 a and 46 b that are held by the contact ring 44. As shown in FIG. 2, the contact ring 44 has a shape in which the inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the manual rotating shaft 20 and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the manual rotating shaft holding portion 22. It is installed between the outer wall and the inner wall of the manual rotation shaft holding part 22. The holding rings 46a and 46b have substantially the same inner diameter as that of the steel balls 26a and 26b, and hold the steel balls 26a and 26b.
As shown in FIG. 2, the contact ring 44 is in pressure contact with the inner wall surface of the manual rotation shaft holding portion 22 by the load force imparting compression coil spring 34, and the manual rotation shaft holding portion is rotated when the manual rotation shaft 20 rotates. The frictional force due to the contact between the contact ring 22 and the contact ring 44 is transmitted to the steel balls 26 a and 26 b through the holding ring 46. For this reason, the predetermined load force with respect to the rotational force by the manual rotating shaft 20 is applied to the steel balls 26a and 26b.

The above is the schematic configuration of the drive device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the operation thereof will be described below.
4A and 4B are II cross-sectional views of FIG. As shown in FIG. 4A, when the manual rotary shaft 20 is not rotated, the clutch shaft 24 is pressed to the manual rotary shaft 20 side (upward in the figure) by the clutch compression coil spring. The transmission part 42 is separated from the end part 40 of the feed screw 12.

  When the manual rotating shaft 20 is rotated in the direction indicated by the symbol A in FIG. 4B (the left direction in the figure), the steel ball 26a has a component toward the rotating direction A from the inner wall surface of the concave portion 36a of the manual rotating shaft 20. Receives force P. At the same time, the steel ball 26a also receives a constant load force R from the holding ring 46a. Here, since the steel ball 26a is in contact with the inner wall surface of the recess 38a of the clutch shaft 24, the clutch shaft 24 is pushed by the force F to the steel ball 26a. Due to the axial component (downward in the figure) of this force F, the clutch shaft 24 moves downward in the figure against the compression coil spring for clutch. As a result, the transmission portion 42 of the clutch shaft 24 comes into contact with the end portion 40 of the feed screw 12 so that the driving force from the clutch shaft 24 can be transmitted to the feed screw 12. Since the clutch shaft 24 is rotationally driven by the component of the force F in the rotational direction A, the driving force of the manual rotating shaft 20 applied by the manual handle 16 is transmitted to the feed screw 12.

  As described above, according to the drive device according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the drive rotation shaft is driven by the drive motor, the clutch is in an open state, so that no extra load is applied to the drive rotation shaft. Further, since the clutch mechanism has a simple mechanical configuration as described above, it can be manufactured at low cost. Furthermore, since the contact between the clutch shaft and the drive rotation shaft is performed using the internal force acting between the members in the apparatus, it is not necessary to apply an external force that causes displacement to the apparatus main body during manual operation. .

  In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the drive device is used as a linear drive mechanism of a surface texture measuring machine has been shown. Is possible.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram when a drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a surface texture measuring machine. Sectional drawing of the clutch mechanism part of the drive device concerning embodiment of this invention The perspective view of the steel ball load ring used as a load-force provision means of the drive device concerning embodiment of this invention. The figure explaining the effect | action of the clutch mechanism part of the drive device concerning embodiment of this invention The figure explaining the effect | action of the clutch mechanism part of the drive device concerning embodiment of this invention

Explanation of symbols

10 Drive device 12 Feed screw (drive rotary shaft)
14 Drive motor 16 Manual handle 18 Clutch mechanism 20 Manual rotating shaft 22 Manual rotating shaft holding portion 24 Clutch shafts 26a and 26b Steel balls (spherical members)
28 Clutch compression coil spring (clutch shaft biasing member)
30 Load force applying means 32 Steel ball load ring (spherical member holding part)
34 Compression force spring for applying load force (Biasing member for applying load force)
36a, 36b Concave portion 38a, 38b of manual rotation shaft Concave portion of clutch shaft

Claims (2)

A drive rotary shaft held rotatably;
A drive motor for rotationally driving the drive rotary shaft;
A manually rotating shaft rotatably held with an end surface provided with a plurality of recesses;
A manual handle for rotating the manual rotation shaft;
A transmission unit installed between the drive rotation shaft and the manual rotation shaft and capable of transmitting power from the manual rotation shaft to the drive rotation shaft by contacting the drive rotation shaft when the manual rotation shaft rotates; and, have a, a surface having a recess provided corresponding to the concave portion of the manual rotary shaft, a clutch shaft which is movably held in the axial direction,
A spherical member sandwiched between the inner wall surface of the recess provided in the manual rotation shaft and the inner wall surface of the recess provided in the clutch shaft;
A clutch shaft urging member that presses the clutch shaft toward the manual rotation shaft and keeps the drive rotation shaft and the transmission portion of the clutch shaft in an open state;
A manual rotation shaft holding portion for rotatably holding the manual rotation shaft;
A spherical member holding portion that holds the spherical member; and a load force applying biasing member that presses and contacts the spherical member holding portion with the manual rotation shaft holding portion, and when the manual rotation shaft rotates. Load force applying means for applying a load force with respect to the rotational force by the manual rotation shaft to the spherical member by a frictional force caused by contact between the spherical member ball holding portion and the manual rotation shaft holding portion ;
When the manual rotation shaft is rotated, a load force against the rotation force of the manual rotation shaft is applied to the spherical member by the load force applying means, so that the spherical member becomes a concave portion of the manual rotation shaft and the clutch shaft. the force to be Hamidaso from the recess of the transfer portion of the clutch shaft said clutch shaft is pushed to the driving side of the rotary shaft is in contact with the drive-rotation shaft, the drive-rotation shaft of the driving force of the manual rotation shaft The drive device characterized by transmitting to. The drive device according to claim 1 ,
The drive device characterized in that the drive rotary shaft is constituted by a feed screw.

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