JP4829099B2 - ペット動物の皮膚バリア機能の改善方法 - Google Patents
ペット動物の皮膚バリア機能の改善方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4829099B2 JP4829099B2 JP2006502266A JP2006502266A JP4829099B2 JP 4829099 B2 JP4829099 B2 JP 4829099B2 JP 2006502266 A JP2006502266 A JP 2006502266A JP 2006502266 A JP2006502266 A JP 2006502266A JP 4829099 B2 JP4829099 B2 JP 4829099B2
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Description
A. Rainbirdによる"A Balanced Diet"という章、Waltham Book of Dog and Cat Nutrition, Ed. ATB Edney, 57から74頁, Pergamon Press Oxford
イヌ・ケラチノサイトを得る
イヌ・ケラチノサイトは、健康な成犬から採取した皮膚の試料(4mm生検)の移植片培養により得た。試料を洗浄し、抗生物質を含有する冷たいPBS中で解剖した。表皮を真皮から切り離し、1mm2の小片に切断した。次いで、表皮の小片を、24ウェルを有するコラーゲンで被覆したプラスチックプレートの個々のウェル内に配置し、手短に乾燥させた(60秒間)。次いで、10%のウシ胎仔血清を加えたグリーン培地を加え、ケラチノサイトが皮膚の縁から増殖し始めるまで、移植片を7〜10日間に亘り培養した。ここで、トリプシンを用いて、主要な皮膚細胞をプラスチックと移植片組織から取り外し、i3T3(照射を受けた繊維芽細胞)フィーダ層上に移した。細胞は、単独でプラスチック上に移せるときのほぼ密集となるまで、フィーダ層上で展開させた。主要なケラチノサイトは、この時点でアッセイに使用できるか、または必要な数だけさらに展開させることができる。
ケラチノサイトを、ウェル当たり5×104個の細胞の密度でコラーゲン被覆した24ウェルプレート内に供給した。これらの細胞を一晩落ち着かせ、次いで、培地を交換した。次いで、細胞を、増殖を促進する培養条件下(ウシ脳下垂体抽出物の存在下)に4日間置いた。4日後、培地を、分化を促進するものに交換し、この段階で、試験すべき補助物を加えた(個々の実験を参照)。これらの条件下で6日間置いた後、セラミドアッセイについては[14C」−セリンを加え、全脂質アッセイについては[14C]−アセテートを加えた。両方の場合、ウェル当たり0.5マイクロCiであった。細胞を放射性マーカおよび補助物の存在下で2日間に亘り培養した。培養期間の終わりに、トリプシンを用いて細胞を収穫し、PBSを用いて洗浄した。その後、Bligh−Dyer溶液を用いて脂質を抽出し、次いで、4mlのシンチレーション流体に加えた。液体シンチレーション分光計により、放射能を計数した。セラミド合成アッセイについての結果が図2〜8に示されている。全脂質合成アッセイについての結果が図9〜10に示されている。
外側のウェル中に2.6mlのグリーン培地を、内側のウェル中に400マイクロリットルのグリーン培地を含有するCostar Snapwellプレート(ASLカタログ番号402/0369/08)を用意した。後者に、1×105個のイヌ・ケラチノサイトを接種した。これらのプレートを37℃、5%のCO2で培養した。24時間後に内側のウェル中のグリーン培地を交換して、死んだ細胞を除去し、次いで、プレートをさらに48時間に亘り培養した。試験濃度の補助物を含有するグリーン培地を調製した(表1参照)。三日目に、内側と外側のウェルから培地を除去し、900マイクロリットルの試験/対照培地を外側のウェル中に入れた。加えた培地の量によって、ケラチノサイトが気液界面にあることを確実にした。培地を二日/三日毎に交換しながら、プレートをさらに7日間に亘り培養した。補助物の濃度毎に二つのSnapwellを用い、対照毎にも二つを用いた。
どの補助物に、ケラチノサイトの細胞分裂を増加させる効果があるのかを試験するために、増殖アッセイを行った。細胞を、コラーゲン被覆したプレートにウェル当たり5×104個接種し、増殖促進条件下(ウシ脳下垂体抽出物、BPEを有する)で72時間に亘り培養した。次いで、培地を、BPEを含まないものと交換し、代わりに、補助物を加えた。さらに24時間後、各ウェルに5マイクロリットルの3H−チミジンを加えた(37MBq/ml)。細胞を、放射性同位体標識の存在下で24時間に亘り培養し、次いで、トリプシンにより収穫した。収穫後、冷たい10%のトリカルボン酸(TCA)中で沈殿させ、冷たい5%のTCA中でペレットを2回洗浄した。最後に、シンチラント中にペレットを再度懸濁させ、液体シンチレーション分光計を用いて、放射性の含有物を計数した。
図1は、14C−セリンと共に以前に培養された分化したイヌ・ケラチノサイトのBligh−Dyer抽出液体分画がその上で分離されたTLCプレートを示している。レーンKは、ケラチノサイトからの放射性同位体で標識付けられた液体分画を示している。これらのバンドは、同じプレートで展開させた標識付けられていない標準物との比較によって、セラミドであることが示された。繊維芽細胞について行ったBligh−Dyer抽出について見られたバンドのパターン(レーンF)は、ケラチノサイトの見られたものとは異なり、含有物のほとんどは、ホスファチジルセリンについて見られたものであった。
図11aと12は、拡散アッセイのために調製したケラチノサイトを撮った顕微鏡写真を示している。図11aは、部分的に末端が分化した層の下にある基底細胞の完全な層を示している。この構成は、層状のイン・ビトロ表皮を表している。図11bは、末端分化またはその近くでの細胞の最も外側の層の透過型電子顕微鏡写真を示している。これは、イン・ビトロ角質層である。図12は、表皮脂質の存在を強調するためにナイルレッドで染色された図11aと同様の区域を示している。図11および12に示された画像によって、イン・ビトロで表皮が形成されたことが確認され、またこれは、通常の皮膚のバリア特性に似たバリア特性を生じたことが確認された。
イヌの皮膚の健康への本発明の組成物の効果を評価するために、経皮水分蒸発量(TEWL)を用いた。このパラメータは、所定の時間で皮膚を通して体から失われた水分量を示している。この経路を通って出ていく水分量は、バリアとしての皮膚の質および有効性と比例している。それゆえ、TEWLの減少は、バリア機能における改善に関連する。
動物
1990年7月3日から2000年4月20日の間に生まれた32匹の黒いラブラドール・レトリバー
32匹のイヌを、対照パネル群と試験パネル群の二つのグループに分けた。各グループは16匹のイヌからなった。できる限り、これらの動物を、性別と年齢についてグループ間で一致させた。
全てのイヌに、100gのチキンとビーフが加えられて混ぜられた完全な乾燥フードを給餌した。
12週間の試験段階について、試験パネル群の各イヌには、粉末形態の組成物が与えられた。この組成物は、食品の湿った成分の上に振りかけて、混ぜた。
予備給餌を行う前の週に、グリーンフィールド・コンディショニング・シャンプーを用いて、全てのイヌを入浴させた。試験段階の一週目に、同じシャンプーを用いて、全てのイヌを再び入浴させた。一週間に一回、二分間に亘り、全てのイヌを櫛で毛繕いした。
8週間に亘り、イヌに完全食を給餌した。予備給餌の1週目に、全てのイヌにTEWL測定を行った。
予後給餌の最終週に、全てのイヌにTEWL測定を行った。
12週間の試験段階で、全てのイヌに完全食を給餌した。試験パネル群には、粉末形態の組成物も与えた。TEWL測定は、試験段階の3、6、9および12週目に行った。
各TEWLセッション時に、一貫した温度と湿度の条件下で、ツイン・プローブを用いて、各イヌから5つの読取値を得た(合計で10の読取値が得られる)。
試行を開始する前に、全てのイヌに十分な獣医診察を行った。
経皮水分蒸発量の測定値間の比較を、クラスカル・ワリス検定を用いた二試料比較により行った。
経皮水分蒸発量(TEWL)
Dermalab TEWLメータで行った以前の検証研究によって、標準誤差を安定化するために、所定の時点で所定の部位で検体について8回の読取りを行うことが最適であることが示された。TEWLの読取りを行うための最も信頼できる体の部位は、脊椎の丁度外側の背中にあることも検証により示された。この位置は、容易に到達でき、平らであり、動物を環境の水分源から離した状態に維持するものとすると、最も濡れにくい(例えば、舐めることにより、皮膚と毛の上に外因的に水分が形成されると、誤って高い読取値が生じてしまう)。
本発明の組成物を給餌すると、イヌの経皮水分蒸発量が著しく減少することが示された。減少したTEWLにより実証されるように、バリア機能の著しい改善が、組成物を給餌して9週間後に最初に観察された(P<0.05)。バリア機能は、試験給餌のさらに3週間後にさらに改善されたことが分かった(合計で12週間、P<0.01)。皮膚病学において、TEWLによる皮膚からの減少した水分蒸発量は、環境因子の浸透に対する表皮の増大した抵抗性に直接相関関係にあると理解されている。これは転じて、疾病に抵抗する皮膚の能力を増大させ、全体的な健康の改善が導かれる。皮膚病は、イエイヌの重要な問題であることが広く認識されている。したがって、このように食餌に介在することは、これらの動物における天然の防御と健康を促進させる上での大きな進歩を示す。
Claims (10)
- ペット動物の皮膚バリア機能を改善する方法であって、パントテン酸と、ニコチンアミドと、ヒスチジンと、イノシトールと、コリンとを含有しかつパントテン酸を10mgから500mg/400kcalのレベルで提供するペットフードを、ペット動物に与えることを含む方法。
- 前記ペットフードが、ニコチンアミドを25mgから800mg/400kcalのレベルで提供することを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記ペットフードが、ヒスチジンを10mgから10000mg/400kcalのレベルで提供することを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の方法。
- 前記ペットフードが、イノシトールを10mgから500mg/400kcalのレベルで提供することを特徴とする請求項1から3いずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記ペットフードが、コリンを10mgから700mg/400kcalのレベルで提供することを特徴とする請求項1から4いずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記ペットフードが、ピリドキシンもしくはピリドキサルもしくはピリドキサミンあるいはそれらのリン酸塩誘導体、プロリン、一種類以上の脂肪酸またはリノール酸の一種類以上をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1から5いずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記ペットフードが、ピリドキシンを1mgから500mg/400kcalのレベルで提供することを特徴とする請求項6記載の方法。
- 前記ペットフードが、プロリンを0.1gから20g/400kcalのレベルで提供することを特徴とする請求項6または7記載の方法。
- 皮膚中におけるバリア向上脂質の形成を維持または増加させることにより、皮膚バリア機能を改善することを特徴とする請求項1から8いずれか1項記載の方法。
- 経皮水分蒸発量を減少させることにより、皮膚バリア機能を改善することを特徴とする請求項1から9いずれか1項記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0303478.2 | 2003-02-14 | ||
| GB0303478A GB0303478D0 (en) | 2003-02-14 | 2003-02-14 | Skin composition |
| GB0329320.6 | 2003-12-18 | ||
| GB0329320A GB0329320D0 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2003-12-18 | Skin composition |
| PCT/GB2004/000539 WO2004071208A1 (en) | 2003-02-14 | 2004-02-12 | Skin composition |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2006517409A JP2006517409A (ja) | 2006-07-27 |
| JP4829099B2 true JP4829099B2 (ja) | 2011-11-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2006502266A Expired - Lifetime JP4829099B2 (ja) | 2003-02-14 | 2004-02-12 | ペット動物の皮膚バリア機能の改善方法 |
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| US (2) | US7297677B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1594364A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4829099B2 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2004212250B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2513522C (ja) |
| GB (1) | GB2398740B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004071208A1 (ja) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0803054D0 (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2008-03-26 | Univ Manchester | Medicament |
| JP2010260808A (ja) * | 2009-05-01 | 2010-11-18 | Ikeda Mohando:Kk | 肌状態改善用経口医薬組成物 |
| ITMI20120268A1 (it) * | 2012-02-23 | 2013-08-24 | N G C Medical S P A | Composizione per trattamento topico singolo ed in combinazione con sistemico, per rallentare l'invecchiamento cutaneo. |
| EP3849499A4 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2022-08-10 | Mars Incorporated | COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING LINOLEIC ACID |
| KR102113422B1 (ko) * | 2019-07-11 | 2020-05-20 | 주식회사 미싹바이오 | 콜라겐추출물을 포함하는 반려동물 영양제사료 및 그 제조방법 |
| JP2023056255A (ja) * | 2021-10-07 | 2023-04-19 | エスエス製薬株式会社 | 色素斑形成抑制剤、メラノソーム貪食亢進抑制剤及び表皮分化能改善剤 |
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-
2004
- 2004-02-12 EP EP04710437A patent/EP1594364A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-02-12 AU AU2004212250A patent/AU2004212250B2/en not_active Expired
- 2004-02-12 US US10/545,102 patent/US7297677B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-12 WO PCT/GB2004/000539 patent/WO2004071208A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-02-12 JP JP2006502266A patent/JP4829099B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-12 CA CA2513522A patent/CA2513522C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-16 GB GB0403396A patent/GB2398740B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2007
- 2007-10-09 US US11/869,384 patent/US20080076808A1/en not_active Abandoned
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3219454A (en) * | 1961-06-15 | 1965-11-23 | Borden Co | Low calorie diet |
| US4275154A (en) * | 1979-04-27 | 1981-06-23 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Nutrient medium |
| JPH04166039A (ja) * | 1990-10-26 | 1992-06-11 | Hirotoshi Yokura | ペットフード |
| JPH06217710A (ja) * | 1993-01-27 | 1994-08-09 | Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd | ペットフード |
| US5536645A (en) * | 1993-12-02 | 1996-07-16 | Bio Merieux | Nutritive medium for the culture of microorganism |
| JPH07277991A (ja) * | 1994-03-31 | 1995-10-24 | Snow Brand Milk Prod Co Ltd | ミネラル吸収促進剤 |
| JPH10201428A (ja) * | 1997-01-18 | 1998-08-04 | Taiyo Kagaku Co Ltd | 飼 料 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20060204552A1 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
| EP1594364A1 (en) | 2005-11-16 |
| US20080076808A1 (en) | 2008-03-27 |
| CA2513522A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
| AU2004212250A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
| GB2398740B (en) | 2007-09-05 |
| WO2004071208A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
| CA2513522C (en) | 2011-11-08 |
| US7297677B2 (en) | 2007-11-20 |
| AU2004212250B2 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
| GB2398740A (en) | 2004-09-01 |
| JP2006517409A (ja) | 2006-07-27 |
| GB0403396D0 (en) | 2004-03-17 |
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| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |