JP4833886B2 - Waste pressure storage system in waste treatment facility and deodorization system in waste incinerator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste treatment facility, particularly a waste storage unit pressure holding system of a waste treatment facility, which is preferably used in a waste incinerator for incinerating waste such as municipal waste, sewage sludge or human waste sludge, and The present invention relates to a deodorization system for a waste incinerator.

  Conventionally, waste such as municipal waste, sewage sludge or human waste sludge has been incinerated in a waste incinerator (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as an incinerator) which is a waste treatment facility. This incinerator generally includes an incinerator body for incinerating waste, a waste pit for storing waste, a pusher fan for supplying combustion air to the incinerator body, and waste for waste And a plurality of input doors for opening and closing a plurality of input ports for entering the pit. The forced blower supplies air in the waste pit to the incinerator main body as combustion air (see, for example, Patent Document 1). This air contains odor components generated from waste. Since the air containing the odor component is used as waste combustion air in the incinerator body, the odor component is decomposed in the incinerator body at a high temperature of, for example, 800 to 950 ° C. The incinerator is designed so that the pressure in the waste pit becomes negative during rated operation.

  Further, when the incinerator is overhauled, the operation of the incinerator is stopped. In this case, the air containing the odor component in the waste pit is supplied to an adsorption-type deodorizing apparatus provided separately in the incinerator. The deodorizing apparatus is filled with activated carbon as an adsorbent in an amount that allows the apparatus to be used without performing a regeneration process of the activated carbon during an overhaul period of, for example, 10 to 15 days per year. Such an adsorption deodorizing apparatus is used only when the incinerator is overhauled.

JP-A-6-147446

  The incinerator is automatically operated by determining the combustion air flow rate based on the amount of waste to be processed (unit: t / h) and the calorie of waste (unit: kcal / kg). Thus, as the amount of waste processed or waste calories is reduced, the required combustion air flow is reduced. That is, the flow rate of air supplied to the incinerator main body by the forced air blower is reduced, and as a result, the pressure in the waste pit does not become the negative pressure as designed. In such a state, air containing odorous components in the waste pit is insufficiently confined, which may cause deterioration of the environment around the incinerator. In addition, when conditions such as the temperature rise in summer, etc., the amount of odorous components generated from waste increases and the air expands, and more and more air containing odorous components is trapped in the waste pit. There is a problem that the tendency to become insufficient increases.

  It is also conceivable to remove odorous components by using an adsorption deodorization device provided separately in the incinerator other than during overhaul. In this case, it is necessary to fill the device with a large amount of adsorbent, and the device is large. There is a problem of becoming.

  Furthermore, the intake of outside air as combustion air is performed through an air intake port that is a part of the input port and is formed below the input door when the input door is closed. To prevent air containing odorous components in the waste pit from leaking from the air intake when all of the input doors are closed, the air passes through the air intake for the rated indentation air flow rate. The size of the air intake port is determined so that the flow rate of the air to be performed becomes a predetermined speed, for example, 0.25 to 0.5 m / s or more.

  When throwing waste into the waste pit, the loading door is opened. Depending on the size of the equipment, the size of the inlet is 3m x 5m to 3m x 7m, and the number of input doors is 3 for small equipment and 10 or more for large equipment. Therefore, when throwing waste into the waste pit, air flows into the waste pit via the inlet. Since the flow rate of air flowing into the waste pit is a constant rated indentation flow rate, the opening area increases by the area of the input port, so the flow rate of air passing through the input port decreases. Further, when the plurality of charging doors are opened, the flow velocity of the air passing through the charging port is further reduced. As a result, the flow rate of the air flowing into the waste pit may not reach the predetermined speed, and the air containing the odor component may leak from the waste pit.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a system for maintaining pressure in a waste storage unit of a waste treatment facility and a waste incinerator that ensures confinement of air containing odor components in a waste incinerator and removal of odor components. To provide a deodorizing system.

The present invention provides a waste storage part of a waste treatment facility including a waste storage part for storing waste and a plurality of input doors for opening and closing a plurality of input ports for inputting the waste into the waste storage part. In the pressure holding system,
An air attracting section for attracting air in the waste storage section;
A door opening / closing detection unit for detecting the opening / closing state of the closing door;
Depending on the number of opened doors detected by the door opening / closing detection unit, the flow rate of the air that is attracted to the waste storage unit through the charging port is attracted to a predetermined flow rate or more. And a control unit that controls the operation of the air attraction unit so as to increase the flow rate of air.

The present invention also provides an incinerator body for incinerating waste, a waste storage section for storing waste, and a combustion air supply for supplying air in the waste storage section to the incinerator body as combustion air. And a deodorization system for a waste incinerator including a plurality of input doors that open and close a plurality of input ports for inputting waste into a waste storage unit,
A dust removal unit for removing dust from the air containing dust and odor components in the waste storage unit;
A plasma reaction part that generates non-equilibrium plasma by discharge and treats air containing odor components;
A secondary reaction section for performing secondary treatment of the treated air;
An air attracting section for attracting air in the waste storage section from the dust removing section toward the secondary reaction section;
A combustion air flow rate measurement unit for measuring a flow rate of combustion air supplied from the waste storage unit to the incinerator main body by the combustion air supply unit;
An attraction air flow rate measurement unit for measuring a flow rate of air attracted from the waste storage unit by the air attraction unit;
A comparison unit for obtaining a difference between a rated indentation flow rate of combustion air to be supplied to the incinerator main body during rated operation and a measured flow rate measured by the combustion air flow rate measurement unit;
A door opening / closing detection unit for detecting the opening / closing state of the closing door;
The measured flow rate measured by the attraction air flow rate measurement unit is the flow rate difference obtained by the comparison unit and the opening number of the closing door detected by the door opening / closing detection unit, the opening through the charging port. In order to be the sum of the flow rate difference between the flow rate of air attracted to the waste storage portion and the rated indentation flow rate increased so that the flow rate of air attracted to the waste storage portion is equal to or higher than a predetermined flow rate, A deodorizing system for a waste incinerator including a control unit that controls the operation of the air induction unit.

In the present invention, the waste incinerator includes an air curtain generation unit that generates an air curtain that partitions the waste storage unit and the outside,
The processed air is supplied to the air curtain generating unit.

In the present invention, a first flow rate adjusting unit that adjusts a flow rate of air supplied to the air curtain generating unit,
A second flow rate adjusting unit that adjusts the flow rate of air released from the air induction unit to the atmosphere;
An air curtain air flow rate measuring unit for measuring a flow rate of air supplied from the air attraction unit to the air curtain generating unit,
The control unit controls operations of the first and second flow rate adjusting units so that a measured flow rate measured by the air curtain air flow rate measuring unit becomes a predetermined flow rate.

  According to the present invention, the door open / close detection unit detects the open / close state of the closing door. The control unit is attracted so that the flow rate of air that is attracted to the waste storage unit through the charging port is equal to or higher than a predetermined flow rate according to the number of opening of the charging door detected by the door opening / closing detection unit. The operation of the air attracting unit is controlled so as to increase the air flow rate. Thus, the air attraction unit attracts air at a flow rate at which the flow rate of air attracted to the waste storage unit is equal to or higher than a predetermined flow rate. Therefore, the flow velocity of air attracted to the waste storage section becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined flow speed, and as a result, the flow speed of air attracted to the waste storage section is kept above the predetermined flow speed regardless of the number of opening doors. Be drunk. In this way, the pressure in the waste storage unit is maintained at a negative pressure as designed in the waste treatment facility, and air confinement in the waste storage unit can be ensured.

  According to the present invention, the air containing dust and odor components attracted from the waste storage part by the air attracting part is first guided to the dust removing part, and the dust is removed from the air. The air containing the odor component from which the dust has been removed is guided to the plasma reaction section. The air containing the odor component from which the dust has been removed is guided to the plasma reaction section. In the plasma reaction part, the internal air is ionized into electrons and ions by discharge, and the electron temperature is higher than the ion temperature of the ions, and the electron temperature and ion temperature are not thermodynamically balanced. A non-equilibrium plasma which is a state plasma is generated. In this plasma reaction part, high-speed electrons can be obtained while the temperature of the nonequilibrium plasma is kept at room temperature. These high-speed electrons collide with air containing odor components, and generate chemically active species rich in reactivity, such as radicals, ozone, excited molecules, and ions. Most of the odor components are decomposed and removed by chemical reaction by chemically active species together with high-speed electron collision.

  The air in which most of the odor components are treated is led to the secondary reaction section. In the secondary reaction part, the secondary treatment of the treated air, for example, the ozone generated in the plasma reaction part and contained in the treated air is removed.

  Since the air from which the dust has been removed is guided to the plasma reaction part, the plasma reaction part is not soiled, and there is no need for cleaning and the like, and maintenance can be facilitated. Moreover, since dust does not adhere to the plasma reaction part, it is possible to prevent transition to spark discharge, and it is possible to reliably generate non-equilibrium plasma. In addition, since non-equilibrium plasma is generated in the plasma reaction part, the temperature of the air is kept at room temperature during processing, and there is no need to provide a cooling device or the like in the subsequent stage as in the case of using thermal plasma, thus simplifying the configuration. Can be achieved.

  Since the secondary reaction part is provided after the plasma reaction part, ozone generated in the plasma reaction part can be particularly treated, and the treated air can be safely discharged. In this way, odorous components can be reliably removed from the air. In addition, continuous deodorization treatment of air is possible, but unlike an adsorption deodorization device, an adsorbent is not required for removing odor components, so a space for accommodating a large amount of adsorbent is not required, and the device Can be reduced in size.

  According to the present invention, since the treated air is supplied to the air curtain generator provided in the waste incinerator, the air can be circulated in the waste incinerator, and the treated air is reused. A circulation system can be constructed.

According to the present invention, the first flow rate adjusting unit adjusts the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit. The second flow rate adjusting unit adjusts the flow rate of the air released from the air attraction unit to the atmosphere. The air curtain air flow rate measurement unit measures the flow rate of air supplied from the air induction unit to the air curtain generation unit. The control unit controls the operations of the first and second flow rate adjusting units so that the measured flow rate measured by the air curtain air flow rate measuring unit becomes a predetermined flow rate. Therefore, even when air with a flow rate exceeding the flow rate to be supplied to the air curtain generation unit is attracted from the waste storage unit, a part of the processed safe air is released to the air curtain to the air curtain generation unit. A predetermined flow rate can always be supplied, and the air curtain can be generated stably.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a simplified configuration of a deodorization system 10 for a waste incinerator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a simplified configuration of the waste incinerator 1 as a premise of the present invention. First, the configuration of the waste incinerator 1 which is the premise of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, the waste is municipal waste, and the waste incinerator 1 is a fluidized bed municipal waste incinerator. In the following description, the waste incinerator 1 may be simply abbreviated as the incinerator 1.

Referring to FIG. 2, an incinerator 1 includes an incinerator body 2, a waste pit and ash pit (hereinafter collectively referred to as a garbage pit) 3 that is a waste storage unit, and an indentation that is a combustion air supply unit. It includes a blower 4, an air curtain generator 5, a closing door 6 a, a dust feeder 7, a crane 8, and a gas cooler 9. The incinerator 1 is assumed to be operated at a rated operation, for example, at a processing waste amount of 15 t / h and a combustion air flow rate of 600 m ³ / min. The flow rate of combustion air supplied to the incinerator main body 2, for example, it is assumed that varies between ^{0 m} 3 / min (overhaul time) ~600m ³ / min (during rated operation). The incinerator main body 2 is a furnace body constituting a fluidized bed incinerator. In the garbage pit 3, the municipal waste collected by the municipal garbage truck is stored. The forced air blower 4 is realized by, for example, a turbofan, and is interposed between the incinerator main body 2 and the waste pit 3, and supplies air in the waste pit 3 to the incinerator main body 2 as combustion air. The forced air blower 4 can operate at an output in the range of 0% (during the overhaul of the incinerator 1) to 100% (during the rated operation of the incinerator 1). That forced draft fan 4 is operable in a range of, for example ^{0m 3} / ^min~600m 3 / min. The air curtain generation unit 5 generates an air curtain that partitions the platform 6 which is a workplace of the garbage pit 3 and the municipal garbage truck and the outside.

  A plurality (six in this embodiment) of input doors 6a are provided to open and close a plurality of (six in this embodiment) input ports for introducing the city garbage collected by the city garbage truck into the garbage pit 3. In the present embodiment, the size of the inlet is 3 m × 5 m. The dust feeder 7 is provided between the incinerator body 2 and the garbage pit 3 and supplies municipal waste to the incinerator body 2 by a predetermined amount. The crane 8 is provided in the upper part of the garbage pit 3 and throws the city garbage stored in the garbage pit 3 into the feeder 7 by a predetermined amount as needed. The gas cooler 9 is provided in the subsequent stage of the incinerator body 2 and cools the high-temperature gas discharged from the incinerator body 2.

  Municipal waste stored in the garbage pit 3 is thrown into the feeder 7 by a predetermined amount by the crane 8 as needed. Municipal waste put into the dust feeder 7 is supplied by the dust feeder 7 to the incinerator main body 2 by a predetermined amount. Air containing dust and odor components in the waste pit 3 supplied by the forced blower 4 is supplied to the incinerator body 2 as combustion air, and municipal waste is incinerated in the incinerator body 2. At this time, the odor component contained in the combustion air is decomposed at a high temperature of 800 ° C. to 950 ° C. in the incinerator body 2. The high-temperature gas discharged from the incinerator main body 2 is cooled by the gas cooler 9 and then subjected to a predetermined treatment and released into the atmosphere.

  With reference to FIG. 1, in the present invention, the waste incinerator 1 is provided with two incinerator main bodies 2. Along with this, two push-in fans 4 are also provided. The deodorizing system 10 includes a dust removing unit 11, a plasma reaction unit 12, a secondary reaction unit 13, an induction blower 14 that is an air induction unit, a first flow meter 15 that is a combustion air flow rate measurement unit, and induced air. A second flow meter 16 that is a flow rate measurement unit, a rated indentation flow rate setting unit 17, a comparison unit 18, a door opening / closing detection unit 6b, and a control unit 19 are included. In the deodorizing system 10 of the present invention, the dust removing unit 11, the plasma reaction unit 12, and the secondary reaction unit 13 are disposed in a duct (not shown) that connects the waste pit 3 and the induction blower 14 from the waste pit 3 side to the induction blower 14 side. It arranges in this order toward. The air in the garbage pit 3 is attracted through the duct by the induction fan 14. That is, the air is guided in the duct from the garbage pit 3 side to the induction blower 14 side with negative pressure.

  The dust removing unit 11 is disposed on the most upstream side in the flow-down direction of air attracted from the garbage pit 3 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as attracted air), and dust is attracted from the dust pit 3 and dust containing odor components is removed from the air. Remove. Such a dust removal part 11 is implement | achieved by the bag filter which has predetermined | prescribed roughness, for example.

  The plasma reaction unit 12 is disposed downstream of the dust removal unit 11 in the flow direction of the induced air, and includes a plasma reactor 12a and a pulse power supply device 12b. The plasma reactor 12a has a plurality of linear discharge electrodes and a plurality of ground electrodes facing the linear discharge electrodes. In the plasma reaction unit 12, a high-voltage direct-current pulse voltage is applied by a pulse power supply device 12b between a plurality of linear discharge electrodes constituting the plasma reactor 12a and a plurality of ground electrodes facing the linear discharge electrodes. Plasma is generated and the gas between the discharge electrode and the ground electrode is ionized. At this time, a pulse voltage of DC voltage 30 k to 200 kV, preferably 100 k to 200 kV, frequency 1 to 1000 Hz, that is, period 1 s to 1 ms is applied between the discharge electrode and the ground electrode by the pulse power supply device 12b. The voltage rise time is, for example, 20 to 300 ns, preferably 100 ns. During this extremely short rise time, only electrons with a small mass are accelerated and high-speed electrons are obtained. The pulse voltage cycle is sufficiently longer than the rise time, so cooling is performed during this period, and when the next pulse voltage is applied, the initial state is restored again, and the temperature rise of the gas is suppressed. Keep at room temperature. Here, the polarity of the pulse is such that the discharge electrode is a positive electrode and the ground electrode is a negative electrode. This is because the positive streamer corona has a strong tendency to progress, bridging the space between the discharge electrode and the ground electrode, generating non-equilibrium plasma over the entire space, and the reaction effect per unit volume is greatly improved. It is.

  The applied voltage is determined with respect to the discharge distance between the discharge electrode and the ground electrode. That is, a high voltage is applied when the discharge distance is large, and a low voltage is applied when the discharge distance is small. When the applied voltage is less than 30 kV, the discharge distance may be small, but with this, the number of discharge electrodes and ground electrodes provided in the plasma reaction unit 12 increases, and the configuration becomes complicated. is there. When the applied voltage exceeds 200 kV, there is a problem that such a power source is expensive and difficult to obtain.

  The rise time of the applied pulse voltage can be shortened by reducing the load on the power source for supplying power necessary for discharge, that is, the capacitance between the discharge electrode and the ground electrode. In order to reduce the capacitance with respect to the power supply, it can be realized by reducing the number of discharge electrodes connected to one power supply or by reducing the surface area of the ground electrode. When the rise time is less than 20 ns, it is necessary to reduce the number of discharge electrodes connected to the power source in order to shorten the rise time when the surface area of the ground electrode is not changed. Accordingly, there is a problem that the number of the power sources provided in the plasma reaction unit 12 increases. When the rise time exceeds 300 ns, the rise of the pulse voltage is not steep, and not only electrons in the plasma but also ions and molecules in the plasma are accelerated, causing a spark discharge and causing a transition to thermal plasma. .

  FIG. 3 is a front view showing a simplified main structure of the plasma reactor 12a. In FIG. 3, the discharge electrode 110 is shown with an enlarged thickness for ease of illustration.

  The discharge electrode 110 is made of a conductive material, for example, steel, and a linear body having a square cross-sectional shape. The ground electrode 111 is made of a conductive material such as steel. The ground electrode 111 includes a spiral body 112 and a plurality of (two in the present embodiment) holding members 113. The helical body extends along the axis of the discharge electrode 110, and is formed of a linear body having a circular cross section. The linear body has a substantially constant inner diameter D10 and a substantially constant pitch P1 around the discharge electrode 110. It is formed in a spiral shape. The plurality of holding members 113 extend along the axis of the discharge electrode 110, have a circular cross-sectional shape, and are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the helical body 112 so as to hold the pitch p1 of the helical body 112. . Each holding member 113 is provided on one diameter line of the spiral body 112 and symmetrical with respect to the central axis. Each holding member 113 is made of, for example, steel, and is welded to the outer peripheral portion of the spiral body 112 so as to hold the pitch p1 of the spiral body 112. The discharge electrode 110 is coaxially disposed in the space 114 surrounded by the ground electrode 111. The discharge electrode 110 is disposed so as to face at least the entire length of the ground electrode 111 in the longitudinal direction. A weight 115 is provided at the lower end of each discharge electrode 110.

  Air is supplied from the side of the ground electrode 111 to the space 114 surrounded by the ground electrode 111 where non-equilibrium plasma is generated through the gap 119 of the spiral body 112. In this space 114, high energy is given to molecules containing odorous components in the gas, and chemically active species such as radicals are generated. The air containing the chemically active species is exhausted from the space 114 through the gap 119.

  As an example of the dimensions of each discharge electrode 110 and each ground electrode 111, the length of one side of the cross section of the discharge electrode 110 is selected to be about 2 to 6 mm, preferably about 4 mm. The inner diameter D10 of the ground electrode 111 is selected to be about 50 to 1000 mm, preferably about 200 mm. The length L10 of the spiral body 112 constituting the ground electrode 111 is selected to be about 3 to 10 m, preferably about 3 m. The diameter D11 of the linear body forming the spiral body 112 is selected to be about 2 to 7 mm, preferably about 5 mm. The pitch p1 of the spiral body 112 is selected to be about 30 mm. The length L11 of each holding member 113 is approximately the same length as the spiral body 112, and is selected to be about 3 m. The diameter of each holding member is selected to be about 4 mm.

  Since the ground electrode 111 is formed in a spiral shape, the distance between the discharge electrode 110 and the ground electrode 111 provided coaxially with the discharge electrode 110 can be kept constant, and the discharge distance can be kept with high accuracy.

  The ground electrode 111 is easier to manufacture than when it is formed in a net shape, for example. That is, when the earth electrode is formed in a mesh shape, the intersection of each member forming the mesh must be welded to form the mesh member, and then this member must be formed in a cylindrical shape and its connecting portion must be welded. . Therefore, it takes time for the manufacturing work and it is difficult to manufacture a ground electrode with good processing accuracy. On the other hand, the ground electrode 111 formed in a spiral shape forms a spiral body 112 by winding a linear body around a roll or the like, and a plurality of holding members 113 are spaced in the axial direction on the outer periphery of the spiral body 112. It can be manufactured by simply opening a plurality of locations and welding. Therefore, it is possible to easily manufacture the ground electrode 111 with high processing accuracy.

  Further, a discharge region where high-speed electrons are obtained between the discharge electrode 110 and the ground electrode 111 is formed in a spiral shape. Further, by selecting the pitch of the spiral body 112 as p1, the discharge region between the discharge electrode 110 and the ground electrode 111 can be formed in a highly accurate virtual cylindrical shape. Therefore, the gas can be reliably processed by allowing air containing odor components and harmful components from which dust has been removed to pass through either the axial direction of the earth electrode 111 or the direction intersecting the axial direction. At the same time, the surface area of the ground electrode 111 can be made much smaller than the surface area of the ground electrode of the same size formed, for example, in a cylindrical shape. As a result, the capacitance between the discharge electrode 110 and the earth electrode 111 is reduced, the time required to reach the discharge potential is shortened, non-equilibrium plasma is easily generated, and high-speed electrons can be obtained.

  Furthermore, it is easy to adjust the surface area of the ground electrode 111 at a constant inner diameter D10 and a constant length L10 by changing the pitch p1 of the ground electrode 111.

  Since each holding member 113 is welded and fixed to the outer periphery of the helical body 112, the helical body 112 of each holding member 113 can be easily fixed. At the same time, the welded portion does not protrude radially inward from the spiral body 112, and damage to the ground electrode 111 caused by the protrusion of the welded portion can be prevented. That is, the discharge distance is shortened by the protrusion of the welded portion, and a spark discharge is likely to occur between the discharge electrode 110 and the welded portion in proportion to the square of the discharge distance. Will melt. In this melted portion, arc discharge further occurs and the earth electrode 111 is damaged. In order to prevent damage to the ground electrode 111, welding is performed on the outer peripheral side of the spiral body 112 so that the welded portion does not protrude from the spiral body 112. With this configuration, arc discharge does not occur and the earth electrode 111 is prevented from being damaged.

  Since each holding member 113 is provided in line symmetry with respect to the central axis on one diameter line of the spiral body 112, each holding member 113 is arranged, for example, so as to face the air flow direction. And the discharge electrode 110 are arranged on one diameter line parallel to the air flow direction. As a result, the pressure loss of air becomes smaller than when each holding member 113 and the discharge electrode 110 are arranged on one diameter line parallel to the direction intersecting the air flow direction, and the air flows into the ground electrode 111. It is possible to easily pass through the space 114 surrounded by.

  An ozone sensor (not shown) for detecting the ozone concentration of the processed air is provided at the downstream outlet of the plasma reaction unit 12 in the air flow direction. Here, the operation of the plasma reaction unit 12 is controlled by increasing or decreasing the number of pulses of the pulse voltage applied by the pulse power supply device 12b so that the ozone concentration at the outlet in the discharged air becomes 1 ppm. The The initial pulse number of the pulse voltage applied to the plasma reactor 12a by the pulse power supply device 12b is determined according to the flow rate of air supplied to the plasma reaction unit 12, that is, the flow rate Q2 of the induced air. When the ozone concentration exceeds 1 ppm, the pulse number of the voltage applied by the pulse power supply device 12b is decreased, and when the ozone concentration is less than 1 ppm, the pulse number of the voltage applied by the pulse power supply device 12b is increased. When the ozone concentration is 1 ppm, the number of pulses is maintained.

  Referring to FIG. 1, the secondary reaction unit 13 is disposed downstream of the plasma reaction unit 12 in the flow direction of the induced air, and performs secondary processing of the air processed by the plasma reaction unit 12. Here, the secondary treatment refers to removal of chemically active species such as ozone generated in the plasma reaction unit 12 from the treated air. The secondary reaction unit 13 is filled with a catalyst such as manganese dioxide, and decomposes and removes 99% or more of ozone from the treated air. Therefore, the ozone concentration contained in the air processed in the secondary reaction unit 13 is 0.1 ppm, which satisfies the environmental standard value.

The induction blower 14 is disposed downstream of the secondary reaction unit 13 in the flow direction of the induced air, and attracts the air in the garbage pit 3 with a negative pressure. The induction blower 14 is realized by, for example, a turbofan, and can adjust the flow rate of air to be attracted by controlling the rotational speed. The induction blower 14 can operate at an output in the range of 0% (during rated operation of the incinerator 1) to 100% (during overhaul of the incinerator 1). That attraction blower 14 is operable in a range of, for example ^{0m 3} / ^min~600m 3 / min.

The first flow meter 15 is provided on the upstream side in the flow direction of the combustion air of the forced air blower 4, and is supplied to the incinerator main body 2 from the garbage pit 3 by the forced air blower 4. Q1 (m ³ / min) Measure. The second flow meter 16 is provided between the secondary reaction unit 13 and the induction fan 14 and measures the flow rate Q2 (m ³ / min) of air that is attracted from the garbage pit 3 by the induction fan 14. The rated indentation flow rate setting unit 17 stores a rated indentation flow rate Q0 (m ³ / min) of combustion air to be supplied during the rated operation of the incinerator 1. The comparison unit 18 is electrically connected to the first flow meter 15 and the rated indentation flow rate setting unit 17. The comparison unit 18 receives the measured flow rate Q1 of the first flow meter 15 and the rated indentation flow rate Q0 stored in the rated indentation flow rate setting unit 17. The comparison unit 18 compares the rated pushing flow rate Q0 of combustion air with the measured flow rate Q1 measured by the combustion air flow rate measurement unit, and the difference ΔQ1 (= Q0−Q1) between the rated pushing flow rate Q0 and the measured flow rate Q1. ) (M ³ / min). The comparison unit 18 outputs a flow rate difference ΔQ1 (= Q0−Q1> 0) when ΔQ1> 0, and outputs ΔQ1 = 0 when ΔQ1 ≦ 0.

  The door opening / closing detection unit 6b is provided in each closing door 6a and is realized by a limit switch. The door open / close detection unit 6b detects the open / closed state of the closing door 6a.

  The control unit 19 is electrically connected to the second flow meter 16, the comparison unit 18, the door opening / closing detection unit 6 b, the pulse power supply device 12 b, and the induction blower 14. The control unit 19 is supplied with the flow rate difference ΔQ1 obtained by the comparison unit 18, the measured flow rate Q2 of the second flow meter 16, and the opening door opening number N detected by the door opening / closing detection unit 6b. The control unit 19 outputs a control signal C1 for controlling the induction blower 14 and a control signal C2 for controlling the pulse power supply device 12b.

  The control unit 19 determines that the measured flow rate Q2 measured by the second flow meter 16 depends on the flow rate difference ΔQ1 obtained by the comparison unit 18 and the opening number N of the closing door 6a detected by the door opening / closing detection unit 6b. Sum of the flow rate Q3 of the air attracted to the waste pit 3 and the flow rate difference Q6 of the rated indentation flow rate Q0 increased so that the flow velocity of the air attracted to the waste pit 3 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined flow rate (Q2 = ΔQ1 + Q6) The operations of the pulse power supply device 12b and the induction fan 14 are controlled so that When all the closing doors 6a are closed, the control unit 19 determines that the measured flow rate Q2 measured by the second flow meter 16 becomes the flow rate difference ΔQ1 obtained by the comparison unit 18 and the pulse power supply device 12b and The operation of the induction fan 14 is controlled. In this case, when the control unit 19 determines that the flow rate difference ΔQ1 is not 0, the control unit 19 sends a control signal C1 to the induction blower 14 to operate the induction blower 14 at the number of rotations according to the magnitude of ΔQ1, and the pulse power supply A control signal C2 is sent to the device 12b to drive the pulse power supply device 12b. Moreover, if the control part 19 judges that flow volume difference (DELTA) Q1 is 0, it will stop operation | movement of the induction fan 14 and the pulse power supply device 12b. Here, the first flow meter 15, the second flow meter 16, the rated pushing flow rate setting unit 17, the comparison unit 18, the door opening / closing detection unit 6 b, and the control unit 19 are disposed in the waste storage unit that holds the pressure in the garbage pit 3. Configure the pressure holding system.

Below, operation | movement of the deodorizing system 10 of this invention is demonstrated.
The deodorizing system 10 of the present invention is different from the masking by diffusing gas phase ozone concentration gas generated from a conventional ozone generator to the atmosphere containing the odor component, and directly giving the discharge energy to the atmosphere containing the odor component. A plasma reaction (ionized gas reaction) is performed.

The deodorizing system 10 of the present invention is suitable for a scale having a processing gas flow rate of 600 m ³ / min or less. In the present invention, odor components contained in the air are sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S), methyl mercaptan (CH ₃ SH), methyl sulfide ((CH ₃ ) ₂ S), methyl disulfide ((CH ₃ ) ₂ S ₂ ), and sulfur dioxide (SO ₂ ), as well as nitrogen compounds such as trimethylamine (CH ₃ ) ₃ N and ammonia (NH ₃ ), and also hydrocarbons (RH) and derivatives thereof such as alcohols ( ROH), aldehyde (RCOH) and organic acid (R (COO)).

  When the induction fan 14 operates, the air containing dust and odor components is attracted by the induction fan 14 and then guided from the garbage pit 3 to the dust removing unit 11. In the dust removing unit 11, dust is removed from the air. The air containing the odor component from which the dust has been removed is guided to the plasma reaction unit 12. In the plasma reaction unit 12, high-speed electrons generated by non-equilibrium plasma collide with molecules in the air, and chemically active species such as radicals, excited molecules, ions, and ozone are generated.

  Odor components, particularly sulfur compounds, are treated by a chemical reaction with the thus generated chemically active species (hereinafter, this reaction may be referred to as a plasma reaction).

Hydrogen sulfide is thought to be sulfuric acid by a chemical reaction with a chemically active species such as ozone.
3H ₂ S + 10O ₃ → 3H ₂ SO ₄ + 9O ₂

Methyl mercaptan is considered to be methylsulfonic acid by a chemical reaction with ozone.
CH ₃ SH + 3O ₃ → CH ₃ SO ₃ H + 3O ₂
It is.

Methyl disulfide is considered to be sulfonic anhydride by chemical reaction with ozone.
(CH ₃ ) ₂ S ₂ + 5O ₃ → (CH ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ O + 5O ₂

  In the plasma reaction unit 12, the operation is controlled so that the ozone concentration in the discharged air becomes 1 ppm as described above. The air treated by such a plasma reaction is guided to the secondary reaction unit 13. In the secondary reaction unit 13, 99% or more of ozone having a concentration of 1 ppm contained in the treated air is removed. Although the air secondary-treated in the secondary reaction unit 13 contains ozone, the ozone concentration is an environmental standard value of 0.1 ppm or less, which is safe. The treated air is released into the atmosphere via the induction fan 14.

  According to the present invention, air from which dust has been removed is guided to the plasma reaction unit 12, so that the plasma reaction unit 12 is not contaminated, does not require time and effort for cleaning, and is easy to maintain. Can do. Moreover, since dust does not adhere to the plasma reaction part 12, it can prevent changing to spark discharge, and can generate non-equilibrium plasma reliably. In addition, since non-equilibrium plasma is generated in the plasma reaction part, the temperature of the air is kept at room temperature during processing, and there is no need to provide a cooling device or the like in the subsequent stage as in the case of using thermal plasma, thus simplifying the configuration. Can be achieved.

  Since the secondary reaction unit 13 is provided after the plasma reaction unit 12, ozone generated in the plasma reaction unit 12 can be particularly treated, and the treated air can be safely discharged. In this way, odorous components can be reliably removed from the air. In addition, continuous deodorization treatment of air is possible, but unlike an adsorption deodorization device, an adsorbent is not required for removing odor components, so a space for accommodating a large amount of adsorbent is not required, and the device Can be reduced in size.

Next, the operation of the pressure holding system for holding the pressure in the garbage pit 3 will be described.
First, the case where all the closing doors 6a are closed will be described. Air to be supplied to the incinerator body 2 is supplied from the outside into the incinerator 1 at a flow rate Q4 through an air intake port (not shown), and further supplied from the outside to the air curtain generator 5 at a flow rate Q5. Generate curtains. At this time, the air flow rate Q5 supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5 is, for example, 360 m ³ / min. The air taken in, together with the air that generates the air curtain, passes through the air intake port provided below the platform 6 and the closing door 6a, and then reaches the rated push flow rate Q0 during one furnace operation and 2Q0 during two furnace operation. It is led to the garbage pit 3 with an equal flow rate Q3. The air in the garbage pit 3 is supplied to the incinerator main body 2 by the forced air blower 4 at a flow rate according to the incineration treatment conditions such as the amount of waste to be treated and the calories of the waste. The first flow meter 15 measures the combustion air flow rate Q1. In the comparison unit 18, the difference ΔQ1 (= Q0−Q1) between the rated inflow flow rate Q0 of the combustion air to be supplied to the incinerator main body 2 during the rated operation and the combustion air flow rate Q1 measured by the first flow meter 15. ) Is required. Here, the rated indentation flow rate Q0 is set to 600 m ³ / min, for example. The second flow meter 16 measures the flow rate Q2 of air attracted by the attracting fan 14. The controller 19 controls the rotational speed of the induction fan 14 so that the flow rate Q2 measured by the second flow meter 16 becomes the flow rate difference ΔQ1 in the comparison unit 18, that is, Q2 = ΔQ1. In order to keep the pressure in the garbage pit 3 at a constant negative pressure as designed, the flow rate Q3 of air supplied from the outside is equal to the sum Q1 + Q2 of the flow rate of air discharged from the garbage pit 3. There is a need (ie Q3 = Q1 + Q2). Here, the combustion air flow rate Q1 varies in the range of 0 to Q0, and the induced air flow rate Q2 varies in the range of 0 to Q0.

  When the two incinerator main bodies 2 are overhauled, since the combustion air flow rate Q1 = 0 and the flow rate difference ΔQ1 = Q0 (= Q3), the induced air flow rate Q2 = Q0 (= Q3), and the rotation of the control unit 19 With the number control, the induction fan 14 is operated at 100% output.

  A case of one furnace operation in a state where one of the two incinerator main bodies 2 is overhauled and only the other incinerator main body is operated will be described. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the induced air flow rate Q2 during one furnace operation and the furnace load. During rated operation, the combustion air flow rate Q1 is equal to the rated indentation flow rate Q0 (Q1 = Q0 = Q3) and the flow rate difference ΔQ1 = 0, so that the induced air flow rate Q2 = 0, and the controller 19 causes the induction blower 14 to Driving is prohibited.

When the incinerator 1 is operated with a combustion air flow rate smaller than that during rated operation, that is, when the combustion air flow rate Q1 is 0 <Q1 <Q0, the flow rate difference ΔQ1 becomes 0 <ΔQ1 <Q0, and FIG. as shown, the furnace load varies between greater and less than 100% greater than 0%, attractants air flow Q2 is linearly monotonically decreasing between greater than 600 meters ³ / min below and ^{0 m} 3 / min The induced air flow rate Q2 becomes Q0> Q2 (= Q0−Q1 = Q3−Q1)> 0, and the induction blower 14 is operated with an output of less than 100% by the rotational speed control by the control unit 19. When the measured combustion air flow rate Q1 is, for example, 300 m ³ / min, that is, when the furnace load is 50%, the flow rate difference ΔQ1 is 300 m ³ / min, and the induced air flow rate Q2 is 300 m ³ / min. Thus, by the rotation speed control by the control part 19, the induction fan 14 is drive | operated by 50% of output.

Next, the case of two furnace operation in which two incinerator main bodies 2 are operated will be described. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the induced air flow rate Q2 during the two-furnace operation and the factory load. Here, the factory load means the average of the furnace loads of the two incinerator bodies 2. During rated operation, the combustion air flow rate Q1 is, for example, 1200 m ³ / min (Q0 <Q1) and the flow rate difference ΔQ1 <0. However, the comparison unit 18 outputs the flow rate difference ΔQ1 = 0 and is induced by the control unit 19. The operation of the blower 14 is prohibited. In the present embodiment, the rated indentation flow rate Q0 is set to, for example, 600 m ³ / min. Therefore, when the factory load is 50%, the induced air flow rate Q2 becomes zero. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, when the factory load is 50% or more and 100% or less, the induced air flow rate Q2 becomes zero.

When the incinerator 1 is operated at a factory combustion load greater than 0% and less than 50% with a lower combustion air flow rate than during rated operation, that is, when the combustion air flow rate Q1 is 0 <Q1 <Q0 .DELTA.Q1 is 0 <.DELTA.Q1 <Q0 next, as shown in FIG. 5, when the plant load varies between 0% and 50%, the attraction air flow rate Q2 linearly between 600m ³ / min~0m ³ / min The induced air flow rate Q2 becomes Q0> Q2 (= Q0−Q1 = Q3−Q1)> 0, and the induction fan 14 is operated at an output of less than 100% by the rotation speed control by the control unit 19. The

Next, a case where any one of the closing doors 6a is opened will be described.
In order to throw the city garbage collected by the city garbage truck into the garbage pit 3, the loading door 6a is opened. When the input door 6a is opened, air flows into the garbage pit 3 through the input port. At this time, if the inflow area of air increases at the same flow rate, the inflow speed decreases. In the design of the incinerator 1, the inflow speed of air into the waste pit 3 is set to be, for example, higher than the pollutant capture speed. As a pollutant generation condition, when a pollutant is generated in a quiet atmosphere with virtually no speed, for example, assuming gas, vapor or fume generated from the liquid surface, the trapping speed is 0. .25 to 0.5 m / s, and in this embodiment, 0.25 m / s. Assuming that this speed is the minimum speed for capturing fume containing odor in a relatively quiet state where the dust pit 3 is not agitated, the minimum value of the inflow speed of air flowing in through the inlet By setting the above to the capture speed, it can be expected to prevent leakage of air containing odor components from the inlet.

  Table 1 shows the relationship between the general equipment scale and the inflow speed of air flowing into the input port when only one input door is opened.

As is clear from Table 1, in the case of a large-scale facility with an equipment scale of 600 tons / day or more, for example, 900 tons / day, and an air volume of 100,000 m ³ / h (inlet size 3 m × 7 m), one entry door is provided. The inflow speed of the air flowing into the input port when opened is 1.3 m / s. Therefore, even if five input doors are opened, the inflow speed is equal to or higher than the capture speed, and the input port for air containing odor components Leakage from is prevented. However, when six or more charging doors are opened, the inflow speed is lower than the capture speed, and air containing odor components may leak from the inlet. On the other hand, in the case of a small-scale facility with an equipment scale of 100 to 150 tons / day (input port size 3 m × 5 m), just opening one of the three input doors causes the inflow speed to fall below the capture speed, There is a risk that air containing odor components may leak from the inlet. In order to increase the inflow speed of the air flowing into the input port, it is conceivable to reduce the opening area of the input port. However, the open area is limited by the vehicle size of the municipal waste collection vehicle. Even if it exists, there exists a limit in reducing this opening area, and it is not an effective means to increase an inflow speed.

  Therefore, the present inventor has paid attention to the fact that, as described above, leakage of air containing odorous components from the inlet can be prevented by setting the inflow speed of the air flowing in via the inlet to the capture speed or higher. In order to realize this, the control unit 19 has a predetermined flow velocity of air that is attracted to the garbage pit 3 through the charging port according to the opening number N of the charging door 6a detected by the door opening / closing detection unit 6b. The operation of the induction blower 14 is controlled so as to increase the flow rate of the attracted air so that the flow rate becomes higher than the flow velocity. Specifically, when one or more input doors 6a are opened and the flow velocity of air flowing through the input port is lower than the capture speed, the product of the opening area of the N input ports and the capture speed This is achieved by the control unit 19 controlling the operation of the induction fan 14 so as to further induce the flow difference Q6 between the flow rate Q3 equal to and the rated indentation flow rate Q0 by the induction fan 14.

  That is, when one or more charging doors 6a are opened, the flow rate Q3 of air flowing through the charging port is expressed as the sum of the rated pushing flow rate Q0 and the flow rate difference Q6 (Q3 = Q0 + Q6). Let N be the number of openings of the input door 6a, and let a be the maximum number of openings of the input door 6a at which the flow velocity of air flowing in through the input port is equal to or higher than the capture speed. In the present embodiment, the maximum opening number a of the input door 6a in which the flow velocity of the air flowing in through the input port is equal to or higher than the capture speed is 2. In the case of N ≦ a, the speed of the air flowing in through the inlet is equal to or higher than the capture speed, so the flow rate Q3 is the rated pushing flow rate Q0 (ie, the flow rate difference Q6 = 0).

  In the case of N> a, the flow velocity of air flowing in through the inlet port is lower than the capture speed, so that the flow velocity of air flowing in through the inlet port is increased to the capture speed in order to prevent a decrease in the flow velocity. . Therefore, the flow rate Q3 is larger than the rated indentation flow rate Q0 (Q3> Q0). At this time, when the opening area of the inlet is S and the capture speed is v, the flow rate Q3 of the air flowing into the garbage pit 3 is expressed by Q3 = S · v · N. Therefore, the flow rate difference Q6 is expressed by Q6 = Q3-Q0 = S · v · N-Q0.

  In this way, the flow rate difference Q6 is further attracted by the induction blower 14 to prevent a decrease in the flow velocity of the air flowing in through the inlet by opening the inlet door 6a, and as a result, odor components from the inlet are removed. Leakage of the contained air can be prevented.

Therefore, the control part 19 controls the operation | movement of the induction fan 14 as follows as a whole. When the opening number N of the charging door 6a is equal to or less than the maximum opening number a (N ≦ a), the control unit 19 determines that the measured flow rate Q2 measured by the second flow meter 16 is the same as when the closing door 6a is fully closed. The operations of the pulse power supply device 12b and the induction fan 14 are controlled so that the flow rate difference ΔQ1 obtained by the comparison unit 18 is obtained. When the opening number N of the charging door 6a is larger than the maximum opening number a (N> a), the control unit 19 determines that the measured flow rate Q2 measured by the second flow meter 16 is the flow rate difference ΔQ1 obtained by the comparison unit 18. And the operation of the pulse power supply device 12b and the induction blower 14 so that the flow velocity of the air flowing in through the N inlets is the sum of the flow rate Q3 which is the trapping speed and the flow rate difference Q6 between the rated indentation flow rate Q0. To control. In the present embodiment, the rated push flow Q0 is 600 meters ³ / min, since the operating range of the induced draft machine 14 is a ^{0m 3} / ^min~600m 3 / min, in order to attract the air flow rate difference Q6 is The induction fan 14 of the present embodiment is replaced with an induction fan whose operating range is equal to or greater than the sum Q2max of the flow rate difference Q6max and the rated pushing flow rate Q0 when all the charging doors 6a are opened. A plurality of the induction fans 14 may be provided, and the operation range of the entire induction fan may be set to Q2max or more.

  In any case, the flow rate Q3 of air supplied from the outside is equal to the sum Q1 + Q2 of the flow rate of air discharged from the garbage pit 3, and the condition of Q3 = Q1 + Q2 is satisfied. Therefore, the pressure in the garbage pit 3 is maintained at the negative pressure as designed.

  According to the present invention, the sum of the flow rate Q1 of combustion air supplied from the waste pit 3 to the incinerator main body 2 and the flow rate Q2 of air attracted from the waste pit 3 by the induction blower 14 becomes constant. As a result, the flow rate of the air discharged from the garbage pit 3 is always constant regardless of the fluctuation of the flow rate of the combustion air. In this way, the pressure in the garbage pit 3 is maintained at the negative pressure as designed for the incinerator 1, and the air trapping in the garbage pit 3 can be ensured.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a simplified configuration of the deodorization system 10A of the waste incinerator 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, portions corresponding to the configuration of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. In the present embodiment, the deodorization system 10A is similar to the configuration of the deodorization system 10 of the above-described embodiment, and it should be noted that the processed air discharged from the induction blower 14 is generated through the booster fan 26 as an air curtain. It is supplying to the part 5 and making it circulate. That is, in the deodorizing system 10 of the above-described embodiment, the air curtain is generated by the air taken from outside, but in the deodorizing system 10A of the present embodiment, the air curtain is generated by a part or all of the deodorized air. The

The flow path on the downstream side of the air flow direction of the induction blower 14 includes a first flow path 21 for supplying air to the air curtain generating unit 5 at the branch point 20 and a second flow path 22 for releasing air to the atmosphere. It branches to. A first flow rate adjustment damper 23 that is a first flow path adjustment unit is interposed in the first flow path 21. The first flow rate adjustment damper 23 adjusts the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5. A second flow rate adjustment damper 24 that is a second flow rate adjustment unit is interposed in the second flow path 22. The second flow rate adjustment damper 24 adjusts the flow rate of air released from the induction blower 14 to the atmosphere. A third flow meter 25 serving as an air curtain air flow rate measurement unit is provided downstream of the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 in the air flow direction. The third flow meter 25 measures a flow rate of air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5 (hereinafter also referred to as an air curtain air flow rate) Q5 (m ³ / min). A booster fan 26 that supplies air to the air curtain generation unit 5 is provided between the third flow meter 25 and the air curtain generation unit 5.

  The first flow rate adjustment damper 23, the second flow rate adjustment damper 24, and the third flow meter 25 are electrically connected to the control unit 19. The measurement result Q5 from the third flow meter 25 is input to the control unit 19. The control unit 19 outputs a control signal C3 for controlling the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 and a control signal C4 for controlling the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. The controller 19 controls the operations of the first and second flow rate adjusting dampers 23 and 24 so that the air curtain air flow rate Q5 measured by the third flow meter 25 becomes a predetermined flow rate, that is, a constant flow rate. .

In this embodiment, the basic operations of the deodorizing system 10A and the pressure holding system are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted. In the system of the present invention, the air curtain generating unit 5 adjusts the opening degree of the first flow rate adjusting damper 23 so that a constant air curtain air flow rate Q5 (for example, 360 m ³ / min in the present embodiment). ) Is supplied. Therefore, when all the charging doors 6a are closed, the flow rate Q4 (m ³ / min) of air taken from the outside is (Q0-Q5) during overhaul, and is Q0 during operation of the incinerator 1. Therefore, when all the entrance doors 6a are closed, the flow rate Q3 of the air supplied to the waste pit 3 is Q0 when overhauling, Q0 + Q5 when the incinerator 1 is operated, and the induced air flow rate Q2 is Q5 to Q5. It fluctuates in the range of Q0. That is, the induction blower 14 can operate at an output in the range of 60% (during the rated operation of the incinerator 1) to 100% (during the overhaul of the incinerator).

  When the two incinerator main bodies 2 are overhauled, the combustion air flow rate Q1 supplied to the incinerator main body 2 by the forced air blower 4 is 0, so the induced air flow rate Q2 is Q0. The induction blower 14 is operated at an output of 100% by the rotational speed control of the control unit 19. The control unit 19 supplies the air curtain generating unit 5 with air having a flow rate Q5 based on the measurement results of the third flow meter 25, and the opening amounts of the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 and the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. adjust. When it is measured by the third flow meter 25 that the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5 has reached Q5, the control unit 19 fixes the opening degree of the first flow rate adjusting damper 23. On the other hand, the control unit 19 opens the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. In this way, air with a flow rate Q5 is supplied to the air curtain generator 5, and air with a flow rate (Q0-Q5) is released to the atmosphere.

The case of one furnace operation in a state where one of the two incinerator main bodies 2 is overhauled and only the other incinerator main body is operated will be described. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the induced air flow rate Q2 during one furnace operation and the furnace load. During rated operation, the combustion air flow rate Q1 supplied to the incinerator main body 2 by the forced air blower 4 is the rated indentation flow rate Q0, so the induced air flow rate Q2 is Q5. The control unit 19 supplies the air curtain generating unit 5 with air having a flow rate Q5 based on the measurement results of the third flow meter 25, and the opening amounts of the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 and the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. adjust. When it is measured by the third flow meter 25 that the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5 has reached Q5, the control unit 19 fixes the opening degree of the first flow rate adjusting damper 23. On the other hand, the control unit 19 closes the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. Thus, air having a flow rate Q5 is supplied to the air curtain generator 5 without releasing the air to the atmosphere. In this embodiment, the rated indentation flow rate Q0 is set to, for example, 600 m ³ / min. Therefore, when the furnace load is 40%, the induced air flow rate Q2 is Q5. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, when the furnace load is 40% or more and 100% or less, the induced air flow rate Q2 is Q5.

When the incinerator 1 is operated with a combustion air flow rate smaller than that during the rated operation, that is, when the combustion air flow rate Q1 is 0 <Q1 <Q0, the induced air flow rate Q2 is Q0>Q2> Q5. As shown in Figure 7, the furnace load varies between 0% and 40%, inducing air flow Q2 is linearly monotonically decreasing between 600m ³ / min~360m ³ / min. The control unit 19 supplies the air curtain generating unit 5 with air having a flow rate Q5 based on the measurement results of the third flow meter 25, and the opening amounts of the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 and the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. adjust. When it is measured by the third flow meter 25 that the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5 has reached Q5, the control unit 19 fixes the opening degree of the first flow rate adjusting damper 23. On the other hand, the control unit 19 opens the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. In this way, the air at the flow rate Q5 is supplied to the air curtain generator 5, and the air at the flow rate (Q2-Q5) is released into the atmosphere.

Next, the case of two furnace operation in which two incinerator main bodies 2 are operated will be described. FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the induced air flow rate Q2 during the two-furnace operation and the factory load. During rated operation, the combustion air flow rate Q1 is, for example, 1200 m ³ / min (Q0 <Q1) and the flow rate difference ΔQ1 <0. However, the comparison unit 18 outputs the flow rate difference ΔQ1 = 0 and is induced by the control unit 19. The blower 14 is operated at an output of 40%, and the induced air flow rate Q2 becomes Q5. The control unit 19 supplies the air curtain generating unit 5 with air having a flow rate Q5 based on the measurement results of the third flow meter 25, and the opening amounts of the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 and the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. adjust. When it is measured by the third flow meter 25 that the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5 has reached Q5, the control unit 19 fixes the opening degree of the first flow rate adjusting damper 23. On the other hand, the control unit 19 closes the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. Thus, air having a flow rate Q5 is supplied to the air curtain generator 5 without releasing the air to the atmosphere. In this embodiment, the rated indentation flow rate Q0 is set to, for example, 600 m ³ / min. Therefore, when the factory load is 20%, the induced air flow rate Q2 is Q5. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, when the factory load is 20% or more and 100% or less, the induced air flow rate Q2 is Q5.

When the incinerator 1 is operated with less combustion air flow than the rated operation at a factory load greater than 0% and less than 20%, that is, when the combustion air flow Q1 is 0 <Q1 <Q0, the induced air The flow rate Q2 is Q0>Q2> Q5. As shown in FIG. 8, when the plant load varies between 0% and 20%, inducing air flow Q2 is linearly monotonically decreasing between 600m ³ / min~360m ³ / min. The control unit 19 supplies the air curtain generating unit 5 with air having a flow rate Q5 based on the measurement results of the third flow meter 25, and the opening amounts of the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 and the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. adjust. When it is measured by the third flow meter 25 that the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5 has reached Q5, the control unit 19 fixes the opening degree of the first flow rate adjusting damper 23. On the other hand, the control unit 19 opens the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. In this way, the air at the flow rate Q5 is supplied to the air curtain generator 5, and the air at the flow rate (Q2-Q5) is released into the atmosphere.

When the opening number N of the closing doors 6a is equal to or less than the maximum opening number a, it is the same as when all the closing doors 6a are closed. When the opening number N of the charging door 6a is larger than the maximum opening number a, the flow rate Q4 (m ³ / min) of air taken from the outside is (Q0−Q5 + Q6) during overhaul, and when the incinerator 1 is in operation. Q0 + Q6. Therefore, when the opening number N of the charging door 6a is larger than the maximum opening number a, the flow rate Q3 of air supplied to the garbage pit 3 is Q0 + Q6 when overhauling, Q0 + Q5 + Q6 when the incinerator 1 is operated, and attraction. The air flow rate Q2 varies in the range of Q5 to Q0 + Q6.

  When the two incinerator main bodies 2 are overhauled, the combustion air flow rate Q1 supplied to the incinerator main body 2 by the forced air blower 4 is 0, so the induced air flow rate Q2 is Q0 + Q6. The control unit 19 supplies the air curtain generating unit 5 with air having a flow rate Q5 based on the measurement results of the third flow meter 25, and the opening amounts of the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 and the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. adjust. When it is measured by the third flow meter 25 that the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5 has reached Q5, the control unit 19 fixes the opening degree of the first flow rate adjusting damper 23. On the other hand, the control unit 19 opens the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. Thus, the air at the flow rate Q5 is supplied to the air curtain generator 5, and the air at the flow rate (Q0−Q5 + Q6) is released into the atmosphere.

  The case of one furnace operation in a state where one of the two incinerator main bodies 2 is overhauled and only the other incinerator main body is operated will be described. During the rated operation, the combustion air flow rate Q1 supplied to the incinerator main body 2 by the forced blower 4 is the rated forced flow rate Q0, so the induced air flow rate Q2 is Q5 + Q6. The control unit 19 supplies the air curtain generating unit 5 with air having a flow rate Q5 based on the measurement results of the third flow meter 25, and the opening amounts of the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 and the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. adjust. When it is measured by the third flow meter 25 that the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5 has reached Q5, the control unit 19 fixes the opening degree of the first flow rate adjusting damper 23. On the other hand, the control unit 19 opens the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. Thus, air with a flow rate Q5 is supplied to the air curtain generator 5, and air with a flow rate Q6 is released to the atmosphere.

  When the incinerator 1 is operated with a combustion air flow rate smaller than that during rated operation, that is, when the combustion air flow rate Q1 is 0 <Q1 <Q0, the induced air flow rate Q2 is Q0 + Q6> Q2> Q5 + Q6. The control unit 19 supplies the air curtain generating unit 5 with air having a flow rate Q5 based on the measurement results of the third flow meter 25, and the opening amounts of the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 and the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. adjust. When it is measured by the third flow meter 25 that the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5 has reached Q5, the control unit 19 fixes the opening degree of the first flow rate adjusting damper 23. On the other hand, the control unit 19 opens the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. In this way, the air at the flow rate Q5 is supplied to the air curtain generator 5, and the air at the flow rate (Q2-Q5) is released into the atmosphere.

Next, the case of two furnace operation in which two incinerator main bodies 2 are operated will be described. During rated operation, the combustion air flow rate Q1 is, for example, 1200 m ³ / min (Q0 <Q1) and the flow rate difference ΔQ1 <0. However, the comparison unit 18 outputs the flow rate difference ΔQ1 = 0 and is induced by the control unit 19. The blower 14 is operated, and the induced air flow rate Q2 becomes Q5 + Q6. The control unit 19 supplies the air curtain generating unit 5 with air having a flow rate Q5 based on the measurement results of the third flow meter 25, and the opening amounts of the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 and the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. adjust. When it is measured by the third flow meter 25 that the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5 has reached Q5, the control unit 19 fixes the opening degree of the first flow rate adjusting damper 23. On the other hand, the control unit 19 opens the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. Thus, air with a flow rate Q5 is supplied to the air curtain generator 5, and air with a flow rate Q6 is released to the atmosphere.

  When the incinerator 1 is operated with a combustion air flow rate smaller than that during rated operation, that is, when the combustion air flow rate Q1 is 0 <Q1 <Q0, the induced air flow rate Q2 is Q0 + Q6> Q2> Q5 + Q6. The control unit 19 supplies the air curtain generating unit 5 with air having a flow rate Q5 based on the measurement results of the third flow meter 25, and the opening amounts of the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 and the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. adjust. When it is measured by the third flow meter 25 that the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5 has reached Q5, the control unit 19 fixes the opening degree of the first flow rate adjusting damper 23. On the other hand, the control unit 19 opens the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. In this way, the air at the flow rate Q5 is supplied to the air curtain generator 5, and the air at the flow rate (Q2-Q5) is released into the atmosphere.

  According to the present invention, since the processed air is supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5, the air can be circulated in the incinerator 1, and a circulation system that reuses the processed air can be configured. it can. Further, even when air having a flow rate exceeding the flow rate to be supplied to the air curtain generation unit 5 is attracted from the garbage pit 3, the air curtain generation unit 5 is released by releasing a part of the processed safe air to the atmosphere. A predetermined flow rate can always be supplied to the air curtain, and the air curtain can be generated stably. Further, since the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5 is adjusted to be constant by the first flow rate adjustment damper 23, the flow rate of the air on the upstream side in the flow direction of the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 varies greatly. Even so, the flow rate of the air is regulated to a constant flow rate by the first flow rate adjustment damper 23, and the influence of the flow rate fluctuation does not affect the downstream side of the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 in the air flow direction.

  Furthermore, in the configuration of the present invention, air of at least the flow rate Q5 is always attracted from the garbage pit 3, but by using the deodorizing system of the present invention capable of continuously performing the deodorizing process, a large amount of air is attracted. It is possible to realize a compact air circulation system that has been difficult with a large adsorption deodorizing apparatus that requires an adsorbent.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a simplified configuration of a deodorization system 10B for a waste incinerator according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, portions corresponding to the configuration of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. In this embodiment, the deodorizing system 10B is similar to the configuration of the deodorizing system 10A of the above-described embodiment, and it should be noted that the dust removing unit 11 is replaced with a bag filter using an electric dust collector. The dust removing unit 11 is realized by an electric dust collector. The dust removing unit 11 is electrically connected to the control unit 19. The control unit 19 outputs a control signal C5 for controlling the dust collection capability of the dust removing unit 11 according to the magnitude of the induced air flow rate Q2. Even if comprised in this way, the effect similar to the above-mentioned embodiment can be acquired.

  In the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, a bag filter is used for the dust removing unit 11, but instead of this, an electric dust collector is used as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9. Also good.

  In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 6 and 9, the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5 is adjusted by the first flow rate adjustment damper 23. Instead of this, the second flow rate adjustment is performed. Only the opening degree of the damper 24 may be adjusted to adjust the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5. In this case, the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 may remain open, or the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 may be omitted. Even if comprised in this way, the effect similar to embodiment of this invention shown by FIG. 6 and FIG. 9 can be acquired. However, when the change in the flow rate is large, the flow rate of the air supplied to the air curtain generating unit 5 may fluctuate due to a response delay of the second flow rate adjustment damper 24. Therefore, the present invention shown in FIGS. It is preferable to adjust the flow rate by providing the first flow rate adjustment damper 23 as in the embodiment.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the municipal waste is exemplified as the waste. However, the present invention is not limited to this and may be other waste such as sewage sludge or human waste sludge. The waste incinerator 1 is not limited to a fluidized bed incinerator such as a fluidized bed municipal waste incinerator, and may be a stoker type incinerator.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which simplifies and shows the structure of the deodorizing system 10 of the waste incinerator of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which simplifies and shows the structure of the waste incinerator 1 used as the premise of this invention. It is a front view which simplifies and shows the main structures of the plasma reactor 12a. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the induced air flow volume Q2 at the time of 1 furnace operation, and a furnace load. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the induced air flow volume Q2 at the time of 2 furnace operation, and a factory load. It is a figure which simplifies and shows the structure of 10 A of deodorizing systems of the waste incinerator 1 of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the induced air flow volume Q2 at the time of 1 furnace operation, and a furnace load. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the induced air flow volume Q2 at the time of 2 furnace operation, and a factory load. It is a figure which simplifies and shows the structure of the deodorizing system 10B of the waste incinerator of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste incinerator 2 Incinerator main body 3 Garbage pit 4 Forced blower 5 Air curtain production | generation part 6 Platform 6a Input door 6b Door open / close detection part 10, 10A, 10B Deodorization system 11 Dust removal part 12 Plasma reaction part 13 Secondary reaction part 14 Induction blower 15 First flow meter 16 Second flow meter 17 Rated indentation flow rate setting unit 18 Comparison unit 19 Control unit 23 First flow adjustment damper 24 Second flow adjustment damper 25 Third flow meter

Claims (4)

In a waste storage unit internal pressure holding system of a waste treatment facility including a waste storage unit for storing waste and a plurality of input doors for opening and closing a plurality of input ports for inputting waste into the waste storage unit ,
An air attracting section for attracting air in the waste storage section;
A door opening / closing detection unit for detecting the opening / closing state of the closing door;
Depending on the number of opened doors detected by the door opening / closing detection unit, the flow rate of the air that is attracted to the waste storage unit through the charging port is attracted to a predetermined flow rate or more. And a control unit that controls the operation of the air induction unit so as to increase the flow rate of air. An incinerator body for incinerating waste, a waste storage section for storing waste, a combustion air supply section for supplying air in the waste storage section to the incinerator body as combustion air, and waste In a deodorization system for a waste incinerator including a plurality of input doors that open and close a plurality of input ports for inputting a waste into a waste storage unit,
A dust removal unit for removing dust from the air containing dust and odor components in the waste storage unit;
A plasma reaction part that generates non-equilibrium plasma by discharge and treats air containing odor components;
A secondary reaction section for performing secondary treatment of the treated air;
An air attracting section for attracting air in the waste storage section from the dust removing section toward the secondary reaction section;
A combustion air flow rate measurement unit for measuring a flow rate of combustion air supplied from the waste storage unit to the incinerator main body by the combustion air supply unit;
An attraction air flow rate measurement unit for measuring a flow rate of air attracted from the waste storage unit by the air attraction unit;
A comparison unit for obtaining a difference between a rated indentation flow rate of combustion air to be supplied to the incinerator main body during rated operation and a measured flow rate measured by the combustion air flow rate measurement unit;
A door opening / closing detection unit for detecting the opening / closing state of the closing door;
The measured flow rate measured by the attraction air flow rate measurement unit is the flow rate difference obtained by the comparison unit and the opening number of the closing door detected by the door opening / closing detection unit, the opening through the charging port. In order to be the sum of the flow rate difference between the flow rate of air attracted to the waste storage portion and the rated indentation flow rate increased so that the flow rate of air attracted to the waste storage portion is equal to or higher than a predetermined flow rate, A deodorization system for a waste incinerator, comprising: a control unit that controls the operation of the air induction unit. The waste incinerator includes an air curtain generation unit that generates an air curtain that partitions the waste storage unit from the outside,
The deodorization system for a waste incinerator according to claim 2, wherein the processed air is supplied to the air curtain generating unit. A first flow rate adjusting unit for adjusting a flow rate of air supplied to the air curtain generating unit;
A second flow rate adjusting unit that adjusts the flow rate of air released from the air induction unit to the atmosphere;
An air curtain air flow rate measuring unit for measuring a flow rate of air supplied from the air attraction unit to the air curtain generating unit,
The said control part controls operation | movement of the said 1st and 2nd flow volume adjustment part so that the measurement flow rate measured in the said air curtain air flow rate measurement part may turn into a predetermined flow rate. Deodorization system for the waste incinerator described.

Images