JP4845504B2 - Tunnel excavation method using a ramp device for tunnel excavation - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tunnel excavation ramp device for an upper half advanced bench cutting method and a tunnel excavation method using the same.

  In general, for example, an upper half advanced short bench cutting method is known as a tunnel excavation method in a mountain tunnel.

  In such an upper half advanced short bench cut method, upper half excavation and lower half excavation are alternately performed in parallel, so an excavator and a transport vehicle are required to rise from the lower half to the upper half during the upper half excavation. It becomes.

Such ramps are usually made of earth and sand.
JP 2001-140588 A

  In such a debris ramp, the debris ramp must be created during excavation in the upper half, and the debris ramps should be removed and excavated and supported during the lower excavation. An excavation cycle, a lower half excavation cycle, and an upper / lower half-stage replacement cycle are required, and the excavation cycle is long, leading to a longer construction period and an increase in construction costs.

  In addition, when creating an earth and sand ramp, the gap during tunnel excavation is usually used, but when excavating a tunnel with poor geology, the gap during excavation cannot be used. It is necessary to transport earth and sand from others, and it will be necessary to pay earth and sand material costs, transportation costs, installation and removal costs, and disposal costs, and about 3 to 4 hours of ramp setup change and removal work time will be required Is.

  Furthermore, when invert construction is required, it must be constructed with the earth and sand ramp completely removed, and it takes time to close the invert.

  The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the construction and removal work of the ramp, shorten the excavation cycle, shorten the construction period, reduce the construction cost, and even when excavating tunnels with poor geology, the cost of sediment materials and transportation It is another object of the present invention to provide a tunnel excavation device for tunnel excavation and a tunnel excavation method using the same, which can eliminate costs, installation / removal costs, and disposal costs.

In order to achieve the above object, a tunnel excavation method using a tunnel excavation device for tunnel excavation according to the present invention is the bench cut method in which tunnel excavation is performed by performing upper half excavation and lower half excavation. A tunnel excavation ramp device for moving an excavator and a transport vehicle from the side to the upper half plate side, the ramp device for moving the excavator and the transport vehicle, and from the lower half plate to the upper half plate An inclined frame portion that is supported in an inclined state leading to the board, a bottom frame part that is connected to the inclined frame part at a rear end side and is disposed along the lower half board, the bottom frame part, and the inclined frame part; A frame-shaped ramp main body having a vertical frame portion connected at the front end side, and a plurality of the frame main body mounted on the ramp main body and projecting downward from the bottom frame portion so that the ramp main body can be moved in the front-rear and lateral directions. And moving the ramp main body to a moving position of the excavator and the transport vehicle, and then moving the moving wheel back from the bottom frame portion. A tunnel for excavating the upper half and the lower half while moving the excavator and the transport vehicle using a tunnel excavation ramp device including a wheel advancing and retracting means that enables the bottom frame portion to be installed on the lower half board. It is a tunnel excavation method by a bench cut method for excavation,
After performing the lower half excavation prior to the upper half excavation, the wheel advancing / retreating means causes the moving wheel to protrude from the bottom frame portion, and the excavator and the transport vehicle are connected to the upper half disc by using the tunnel excavation ramp device. Move to the position of one half cross-section of the lower half face so that it can move between the lower half board, and retreat the moving wheel from the bottom frame part at that position to place the bottom frame part on the lower half board A process of installing;
A step of moving on the ramp surface of the tunnel excavation ramp device and carrying out the upper half excavation and excavation earth and sand by an excavator and a transport vehicle;
In parallel with the upper half excavation, a step of excavating the other half cross section of the lower half face adjacent to the tunnel excavation ramp unit and carrying out the earth and sand,
After completion of excavation of the other half section of the lower half face, the other half section of the lower half face of the lower half face that has been excavated by projecting a moving wheel by means of a wheel advancing / retracting means of the tunnel equipment for tunnel excavation Moving close to a position, retreating the moving wheel at the position from the bottom frame part and installing the bottom frame part on the lower half board; and
One half section of the lower half face adjacent to the tunnel excavation ramp device while moving on the ramp surface of the tunnel excavation ramp device and continuing the upper half excavation and unloading of excavated earth and sand by an excavator and a transport vehicle Digging out and carrying out sediment,
A step of simultaneously performing the upper half drilling and the lower half drilling;
It is characterized by including.

  According to the present invention, by moving the tunnel excavation ramp device to one half cross-section position of the lower half face, retreating the moving wheel, and installing the bottom frame portion of the ramp main body on the lower half board, the ramp The excavator and transport vehicle can move on the main body to perform upper half excavation and sediment transport, and the ramp main body transmits the load to the ground at each frame, allowing stable installation even in weak ground. It becomes.

  In addition, the other half section of the lower half face adjacent to the tunnel excavation ramp apparatus can be excavated in parallel with the upper half excavation work, and after the other half section excavation of the lower half face, the tunnel excavation ramp apparatus It is possible to perform excavation of one half section of the lower half face by moving the side.

  As a result, the excavation cycle for the entire cross section of the tunnel can be shortened by simultaneous excavation of the upper half and the lower half, and the time required for the creation and removal of the earth and sand ramp can be shortened.

  Furthermore, when trouble is caused by invert temporary closure or the like, the trouble of excavation work can be prevented by retracting the tunnel excavation slope device to the wellhead side.

  The present invention may include a step of forming an invert on the lower half board after the completion of the lower half excavation of the one and the other, and a step of installing the tunnel excavation ramp device across the invert.

  With such a configuration, inversion can be closed early.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1-8 is a figure which shows the ramp apparatus for tunnel excavation used for the tunnel excavation method concerning one embodiment of this invention.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this tunnel excavation ramp device 10 includes an upper half plate from the lower half plate 12 side after the upper half excavation in the bench cut method in which the upper half excavation and the lower half excavation are repeated for tunnel excavation. As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the excavator (for example, the twin header 16 and the shovel loader 18) and the transport vehicle (for example, the dump truck 20) are moved to the 14 side. A moving wheel 24 and a lateral moving wheel 26 are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the ramp main body 22 has a frame shape having a width approximately half the width of the tunnel, and as shown in FIG. 1, the inclined frame portion 28, the bottom frame portion 30, and the vertical frame portion. 32.

  The inclined frame portion 28 has an inclined road surface 34 for excavator and transport vehicle movement on the upper surface, and is supported in an inclined state from the lower half board 12 to the upper half board 14.

  The bottom frame portion 30 is connected to the inclined frame portion 28 on the rear end side, and is disposed along the lower half board 12.

  The vertical frame portion 32 connects the bottom frame portion 30 and the inclined frame portion 28 on the front end side, and supports the front end portion of the inclined frame portion 28 at the height position of the upper half board 14.

  Further, the inclined frame portion 28 and the bottom frame portion 30 are connected by a plurality of reinforcing members 36 and 38.

  Furthermore, a front transition stand 40 is provided at the front end of the inclined frame portion 28, and a rear transition stand 42 is provided at the rear end.

  The front crossover 40 has a rear end attached to the front end of the inclined frame 28 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction, and is installed on the upper half board 14 so that the excavator and the transport vehicle can be connected to the upper half board 14 and the sloping road surface. 34 is movable.

  The front crossover 40 is provided with a front crossover drive cylinder 44 as front crossover drive means for rotating the front crossover 40 in the vertical direction.

  The rear bridge 42 is attached to the lower end of the lower half board 12 so that the front end of the rear bridge 42 can be pivoted in the vertical direction on the rear end of the inclined frame part 28. The rear crossover 42 is provided with a rear crossover drive cylinder 46 as a rear crossover drive means for rotating the rear crossover 42 in the vertical direction.

  The front / rear moving wheels 24 are attached to the ramp main body 22 and move the ramp main body 22 in the front-rear direction. The wheels 24 are installed at four positions in the front-rear and width directions and are driven by a drive motor 48 (see FIG. 1). It has become.

  Each of the front / rear movement wheels 24 protrudes downward from the bottom frame portion 30 when moving in the front / rear direction by an advancing / retreating cylinder 50 serving as a wheel advance / retreat means (see FIG. 5). The bottom frame 30 can be installed on the lower half board 12 by retreating.

  The lateral movement wheels 26 are attached to the ramp main body 22 and move the ramp main body 22 in the horizontal direction. The lateral movement wheels 26 are installed at four positions in the front-rear and width directions between the front-rear movement wheels 24 and drive motors 52 (FIG. 4). Drive).

  Further, each lateral movement wheel 26 protrudes downward from the bottom frame portion 30 when moving in the lateral direction by an advancing / retreating cylinder 54 as a wheel advance / retreat means, and retracts upward from the bottom frame portion 30 when the ramp main body 22 is installed. The unit 30 can be installed on the lower half board 12.

  Next, a tunnel excavation method using such a tunnel excavation ramp device 10 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  This tunnel excavation method is based on a bench cut method in which tunnel excavation is performed by repeating upper half excavation and lower half excavation while moving the excavator and the transport vehicle. First, the upper half excavation is preceded, and the lower half excavation is performed. Do.

  In this case, for example, after excavating the upper half with the excavator loader 18, the lower half of the half section is excavated with the twin header 16.

  In this state, in a state where the lateral movement wheel 26 of the tunnel excavation ramp device 10 is retracted upward from the bottom frame portion 30 by the advance / retreat cylinder 54, the front / rear movement wheel 24 is moved below the bottom frame portion 30 by the advance / retreat cylinder 50. To protrude.

  Next, the driving motor 48 drives the forward / rearward movement wheel 24 to move the tunnel excavation ramp device 10 forward, so that the excavator and the transport vehicle are located between the upper half 14 and the lower half 12 of one half section. Is moved close to the position of one half cross-section 56a of the lower half face 56, and the front and rear moving wheel 24 is retracted from the bottom frame portion 30 at that position to install the bottom frame portion 30 on the lower half board 12. .

  Next, the front transition base 40 is lowered by the front transition base drive cylinder 44 and installed on the upper half board 14, and the rear transition base 42 is lowered by the rear transition base drive cylinder 46 and is placed on the lower half board 12. Install in.

  In this state, the excavator loader 18 and the dump truck 20 carry out the upper half excavation and the excavation earth and sand by moving on the ramp surface 34 of the tunnel excavation ramp device 10.

  In this way, by moving the tunnel excavation ramp device 10 to the position of one half section 56a of the lower half face 56 and installing the bottom frame portion 30 of the ramp main body 22 on the lower half board 12, the ramp main body 22 The excavator loader 18 and dump truck 20 etc. can move up and excavate and carry out sediment, and the ramp main body 22 is weak because the load is transmitted to the ground by the frame portions 28, 30, and 32. Stable installation is possible even in natural mountains.

  Further, the excavator loader 18 and the dump truck 20 can be smoothly moved by the front crossing base 40 and the rear crossing base 42, and in particular, there is a slight difference in the height between the ramp main body 22 and the upper half board 14. Also, the height error can be reliably absorbed by the front bridge 40.

  Further, in parallel with the upper half excavation and sediment transport operation, the other half section 56b of the lower half face 56 adjacent to the tunnel excavation ramp 10 is excavated to transport the sediment.

  Thus, by performing the other half-section excavation of the lower half face adjacent to the tunnel excavation ramp in parallel with the upper half excavation work, it becomes possible to perform efficient tunnel excavation. The excavation cycle per cross section can be shortened, and the time required for the creation and removal of the earth and sand ramp can be shortened.

  Further, after the excavation of the other half section 56b of the lower half face 56 is finished, the front crossing base 40 and the rear crossing base 42 are rotated upward, and the horizontally moving wheel is moved by the advancing / retreating cylinder 54 of the tunnel excavation ramp 10. 26, the tunnel excavation ramp device 10 is moved laterally by driving the lateral movement wheel 26, and moved close to the position of the other half section 56b of the excavated lower half face 56, at that position. The lateral movement wheels 26 are retracted from the bottom frame portion 30 so that the bottom frame portion 30 is installed on the lower half board 12, and the front and rear transition boards 40, 42 are installed on the upper half board 14 and the lower half board 12. To do.

  Then, the excavator loader 18 and the damper truck 20 are moved on the ramp surface 34 of the tunnel excavation ramp device 10, and the upper half face 58 is excavated and excavated soil is carried out.

  Next, while continuing the excavation of the upper half face 58 and the unloading of the excavated earth and sand, one half section 56a of the lower half face 56 adjacent to the tunnel excavation ramp 10 is excavated to carry out the earth and sand.

  Further, after completion of the excavation of one half section 56a of the lower half face 56, the tunnel excavation ramp 10 is moved laterally and forwardly to move to the other half section 56 side of the lower half face 56, Tunnel excavation is performed by simultaneously performing the half excavation and the excavation for each half section of the lower half face 56.

  Further, when trouble is caused by invert temporary closing or the like, the trouble of excavation work can be prevented by retracting the tunnel excavation ramp 10 to the wellhead side.

  In addition, when forming an invert in the lower half board 12 after the lower half excavation of one and the other, an iron plate or the like is laid on the invert, and the tunnel excavation ramp device 10 is installed across the invert. By using it as a pier, the invert can be closed early.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified into various forms within the scope of the gist of the present invention.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the excavator loader is used for the upper half excavation. However, the excavator loader is not limited to this example, and a twin header may be used, or excavation by blasting is possible.

  In the above embodiment, the upper half excavation and the lower half excavation are simultaneously performed using the second excavator. However, the upper half excavation and the lower half excavation are sequentially repeated with one excavator. It is also possible to do so.

It is a side view of the ramp device for tunnel excavation used for the tunnel excavation method concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the ramp apparatus for tunnel excavation of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the III-III line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the IV-IV line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the VV line of FIG. It is sectional drawing seen from the side which shows the excavation state of the tunnel using the ramp apparatus for tunnel excavation of FIG.1 and FIG.2. It is sectional drawing seen from the plane which shows the state which excavates one half cross section of a lower half face. It is sectional drawing seen from the plane which shows the other half-section excavation state after completion | finish of one half-section excavation of the lower half face of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Tunnel excavation ramp device 12 Lower half board 14 Upper half board 16 Twin header 18 Excavator loader 20 Dump truck 22 Ramp body 24 Front and rear movement wheel 26 Lateral movement wheel 28 Inclined frame part 30 Bottom frame part 32 Vertical frame part 34 Inclined Road surface 40 Front crossover 44 Front crossover drive cylinder 50 Advance cylinder 52 Drive motor 56 Lower half face 56a One half section 56b The other half section 58 Upper half face

Claims (2)

In the bench cut method for tunnel excavation by performing upper half excavation and lower half excavation, the tunnel excavation ramp device for moving the excavator and the transport vehicle from the lower half board side to the upper half board side after the lower half excavation An inclined frame portion having an inclined road surface for moving the excavator and the transport vehicle and supported in an inclined state from the lower half board to the upper half board, and the inclined frame part and the rear end side A frame-like ramp body having a bottom frame portion connected and disposed along the lower half board, and a vertical frame portion connecting the bottom frame portion and the inclined frame portion on the front end side; and A plurality of moving wheels attached and projecting downward from the bottom frame part to allow the oblique body to move in the front-rear and lateral directions; and projecting the traveling wheel downward from the bottom frame part to After moving serial to the movement position of the excavator and transportation vehicles, tunneling including a wheel moving means which allow placing the bottom frame portion by regression from the bottom frame portion the transport wheel on the lower half surface plate A tunnel excavation method by a bench cut method of performing tunnel excavation by performing upper half excavation and lower half excavation while moving an excavator and a transport vehicle using an inclined road device,
After performing the lower half excavation prior to the upper half excavation, the wheel advancing / retreating means causes the moving wheel to protrude from the bottom frame portion, and the excavator and the transport vehicle are connected to the upper half disc by using the tunnel excavation ramp device. Move to the position of one half cross-section of the lower half face so that it can move between the lower half board, and retreat the moving wheel from the bottom frame part at that position to place the bottom frame part on the lower half board A process of installing;
A step of moving on the ramp surface of the tunnel excavation ramp device and carrying out the upper half excavation and excavation earth and sand by an excavator and a transport vehicle;
In parallel with the upper half excavation, a step of excavating the other half cross section of the lower half face adjacent to the tunnel excavation ramp unit and carrying out the earth and sand,
After completion of excavation of the other half section of the lower half face, the other half section of the lower half face of the lower half face that has been excavated by projecting a moving wheel by means of a wheel advancing / retracting means of the tunnel equipment for tunnel excavation Moving close to a position, retreating the moving wheel at the position from the bottom frame part and installing the bottom frame part on the lower half board; and
One half section of the lower half face adjacent to the tunnel excavation ramp device while moving on the ramp surface of the tunnel excavation ramp device and continuing the upper half excavation and unloading of excavated earth and sand by an excavator and a transport vehicle Digging out and carrying out sediment,
A step of simultaneously performing the upper half drilling and the lower half drilling;
A tunnel excavation method comprising: In claim 1 ,
A step of forming an invert in the lower half board after the lower half excavation of the one and the other;
Installing the tunnel excavation ramp device across the invert;
A tunnel excavation method comprising:

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