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JP4851018B2 - Maltase inhibitor - Google Patents
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JP4851018B2 - Maltase inhibitor - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4851018B2
JP4851018B2 JP2001058282A JP2001058282A JP4851018B2 JP 4851018 B2 JP4851018 B2 JP 4851018B2 JP 2001058282 A JP2001058282 A JP 2001058282A JP 2001058282 A JP2001058282 A JP 2001058282A JP 4851018 B2 JP4851018 B2 JP 4851018B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
acid
maltase
diacylquinic
blood glucose
diabetes
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JP2001058282A
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JP2002255806A (en
Inventor
誠一郎 川島
澄男 寺田
裕治 小出
道宏 高
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Zenyaku Kogyo KK
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Zenyaku Kogyo KK
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、一般式(I)
【化3】

Figure 0004851018
〔式中、R1 、R2 はいずれもカフェオイルであり、
【化4】
Figure 0004851018
は5位の水酸基の配位がアキシアル又はエクァトリアルであることを表す〕で示される3,4-ジカフェオイルキナ酸又は3,4-ジカフェオイル-epi-キナ酸を有効成分とするマルターゼ阻害剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
糖尿病は糖代謝の異常によって引き起こされる疾患であり、現在国内には600万人の患者がいると言われ、又そのほぼ二倍の予備軍がいると推定されている。
【0003】
糖尿病はインスリン依存型(IDDM)とインスリン非依存型(NIDDM)に大別され、インスリン依存型はウイルス等が原因とされる自己免疫機序によって膵臓のβ細胞が壊死あるいは機能停止することによりインスリンを合成・分泌できないタイプであり、患者の1割弱を占めている。又、インスリン非依存型はインスリン分泌異常とインスリン作用低下を引き起こす遺伝的素因とライフスタイルの変化に伴う肥満、過食、運動不足等の環境因子とが重なって発症するタイプであり、患者の9割以上がこのタイプに含まれる。このタイプの軽症又は中等症の患者における治療には食事療法と運動療法が主に採用されており、食事のカロリー制限及び運動による糖の代謝促進で血糖値の安定が図られている。
【0004】
しかしながら、食後の血糖値の急な上昇とその持続(食後過血糖)が長年に亘って続くと、いずれは耐糖能異常につながり、糖尿病の悪化に伴って血管障害を促進し、神経症、腎症、網膜症、更には心筋梗塞、脳卒中等の合併症の発症につながる危険性を有している。食後過血糖の抑制はインスリン非依存型糖尿病の発症や悪化予防に効果があるとされ、アカルボースやボグリボース等のα−グルコシダーゼ阻害剤が最近医療用医薬品として利用されている。しかし、このα−グルコシダーゼ阻害剤においても、従来の糖尿病治療薬、例えばスルホニルウレア系薬剤、スルホンアミド系薬剤、ビグアナイド系薬剤又はインスリン抵抗性改善剤等との併用で低血糖症状が発現する等、必ずしも満足できるものではない。
【0005】
その他、糖尿病以外で高血糖状態を引き起こす要因としてストレスがある。現代はストレス社会ともいわれ、子供から大人に至るまでストレスを感じている人は多い。又、このストレスがもとで暴飲・暴食をする人も少なくない。ストレスは交感神経を興奮させてアドレナリンやノルアドレナリンの分泌を促し、これにより血糖値が上昇するといわれている。したがって、日常生活においてストレスの状態、更に暴飲・暴食等が続くと高血糖状態になる危険性があり、糖尿病と同様の合併症の発症につながるため、日頃から食後過血糖の抑制等による血糖値コントロールが必要である。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
以上のように、糖代謝異常は生活習慣病の多くの疾患と関連があることから、生活習慣病の予防又は悪化防止を目的とした新たな薬剤や食品が望まれている。
【0007】
これまでに、本発明者らは南米アンデス原産のキク科植物ヤーコン〔Yacon:学名 Smallanthus sonchifolia (旧学名Polymnia sonchifolia)〕が糖尿病患者の血糖値を低下させたとの報告〔農業および園芸、第64巻 第4号 538(1989)〕に注目して、この植物の有効利用を検討した。そして、まずウーロン茶葉を混合することで味が改善されること並びにその配合茶が、それぞれを単独で用いた場合に比べて有意に食後過血糖を抑制し、血中の中性脂肪やコレステロールを低下させ更には体重増加を抑制する作用を有することを見出し〔PCT出願公開WO98/08527〕、又、桑葉を混合することでヤーコン自体が持つ耐糖能異常の改善作用が増強されることを見出し〔特開2000-342228〕、新たな提案を行った。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
かかる経緯から、本発明者らはヤーコン茎葉部に含まれる血糖上昇抑制作用物質の探索研究を重ねた結果、前記一般式(I)で示されるジアシルキナ酸が、α−グルコシダーゼのうち特にマルターゼに阻害活性を有し、更に糖負荷試験で有意な血糖上昇抑制作用を有することを見出して本発明を完成するに至った。
【0009】
本発明の有効成分である化合物は前記一般式(I)で示されるが、この式中で使用される記号の意味と例を以下に説明する。
【0010】
【化5】
Figure 0004851018
は、キナ酸5位の炭素に結合する水酸基の配位を示す記号であり、アキシアルとエクァトリアルの両方の配位を取り得ることを意味する。
【0011】
本発明の有効成分であるジアシルキナ酸としては、例えば、以下の化合物を挙げることができるが、本発明はこれらの化合物に限定されるものではない。なお、下記化合物名末尾の括弧内表示は慣用名を示す。
【0012】
・3,4-O-ジカフェオイル-(1R,3R,4S,5S)-1,3,4,5-テトラヒドロキシシクロヘキサン-1-カルボン酸 [3,4-ジカフェオイルキナ酸]
【0013】
・3,4-O-ジカフェオイル-(1α,3α,4α,5α)-1,3,4,5-テトラヒドロキシシクロヘキサン-1-カルボン酸 [3,4-ジカフェオイル-epi-キナ酸]
【0014】
一般式(I)の構造式から明らかなように、化合物(I)には立体異性体又は光学異性体が存在するが、それらはいずれも本発明の有効成分として利用可能である。
【0015】
本発明の有効成分である化合物(I)は、公知物質であり下記文献に記載の方法で分離精製されている。Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 59(10), 1887-1890(1995)、Biol. Pharm. Bull. 19(7), 966-970(1996)、Chem. Pharm. Bull. 48(11), 1796-1798(2000)。
【0016】
上記文献からも明らかなように、化合物(I)に免疫増強作用、抗アレルギー作用、抗酸化作用があることは知られているが、これらのジアシルキナ酸にα−グルコシダーゼ阻害作用や血糖上昇抑制作用があることを開示する文献は存在しない。又、上記文献の方法に準じてヤーコン茎葉部、コーヒー豆から化合物(I)を分離・精製できる。
【0017】
【実施例】
次に、前記ジアシルキナ酸のマルターゼに対する阻害活性と血糖値に及ぼす効果を下記試験例1及び2を用いて説明する。なお、これらの試験用検体番号は検体の製造例番号に対応する。
【0018】
又、各試験では以下の検体を比較化合物として用いた。
検体A:4,5-O-ジカフェオイル-(1R,3R,4S,5R)-1,3,4,5-テトラヒドロキシシクロヘキサン-1-カルボン酸 [4,5-ジカフェオイルキナ酸]
検体B:3,5-O-ジカフェオイル-(1R,3R,4S,5R)-1,3,4,5-テトラヒドロキシシクロヘキサン-1-カルボン酸 [3,5-ジカフェオイルキナ酸]
検体C:O-4,6-ジデオキシ-4-[[(1S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5,6-トリヒドロキシ-3-(ヒドロキシメチル)-2-シクロヘキセン-1-イル]アミノ]-α-D-グルコピラノシル-(1→4)-O-α-D-グルコピラノシル-(1→4)-D-グルコピラノース [アカルボース]
【0019】
[試験例1]マルターゼ阻害活性試験
文献[Analytical Biochemistry 7, 18-25(1964)]記載のグルコースオキシダーゼ比色法に従って、マルターゼ阻害活性(IC50)を測定し、その結果を下記表1に示す。
【0020】
【表1】
───────────────
検体 IC50(μg/ml)
───────────────
検体1 25
検体2 25
検体A >300
検体B >300
検体C 3
───────────────
【0021】
上記結果から3,4-ジアシルキナ酸のマルターゼ阻害活性が構造類似の検体A、Bに比べて特に強いことが示された。
【0022】
[試験例2]糖負荷試験(経口投与)
ウィスター系雄性ラット(7週齢、228.5±2.0g、一群5匹)を約17時間絶食させた後、ポリエチレングリコール(マクロゴール400)3%含有蒸留水に溶解もしくは懸濁させた検体(100mg/kg)をラット経口用ゾンデを用いて経口投与し、30分後に蒸留水に溶解した可溶性デンプンを同じく経口投与した。可溶性デンプン投与後、15分毎に120分まで尾静脈より採血し、血漿を調製して、血漿中のグルコース濃度をグルコースB−テストワコー(和光純薬製)を用いて測定した。
【0023】
対照群には、検体を含まない以外、上記被験群と同様にして経口投与することで、投与後約30分に血漿中のグルコース濃度がピークを示し、その後徐々に減衰した。一方、被験群では特に一般式(I)のジアシルキナ酸の投与によって、投与30分後の血糖値と投与後0〜120分の血糖曲線下面積であるAUC値が下記表2のごとくいずれも有意に低値を示し、血糖上昇抑制作用が明らかに認められた。
【0024】
【表2】
───────────────────────
検体 血糖値(mg/dl) AUC(mg/dl・min)
───────────────────────
検体1 163.7±12.1** 15,753±1,192*
検体B 215.6±7.9 19,605±844
対照群 224.7±4.3 20,163±541
───────────────────────
対照群との有意差[*:P<0.01、 **:P<0.005]
【0025】
以上の結果より、一般式(I)のジアシルキナ酸は、有意に血糖値をコントロールして食後過血糖のような急激な血糖値の上昇を抑制し、血糖値を安定させる作用を示すことから、単独で又は従来の糖尿病薬と組み合わせて糖尿病の悪化防止及び改善効果が期待される。
【0026】
又、本発明の薬剤は食事による急激な血糖値の上昇を抑制するため、中高年の糖尿病予備軍における過剰カロリー摂取の抑制に有用であり、糖尿病の発症予防効果が期待される。
【0027】
化合物(I)を人又は哺乳類に適用する場合、経口的に投与可能であり、剤型としては錠剤、コーティング錠剤、散剤、顆粒剤、カプセル剤、マイクロカプセル剤、シロップ剤等が使用できる。これらの剤型の調製は薬学的に許容される賦形剤、結合剤、滑沢剤、崩壊剤、懸濁化剤、乳化剤、防腐剤、等張化剤、安定剤及び分散剤、例えば乳糖、白糖、でんぷん、デキストリン、結晶セルロース、カオリン、炭酸カルシウム、タルク、ステアリン酸マグネシウム又は蒸留水を用いて行われる。
【0028】
人に適用する場合の投与量は患者の症状、年齢、体重等に応じて異なるが、成人に対する一日量として100〜500mgを1〜4回に分けて投与することができる。
【0029】
次に、処方例、製造例を挙げて本発明について詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
【0030】
[処方例]
[処方例1]
製造例1)のジアシルキナ酸を用いた錠剤の処方例(10錠中)
3,4-ジカフェオイルキナ酸 400mg
結晶セルロース 500mg
部分α化デンプン 130mg
乳糖 500mg
ショ糖脂肪酸エステル 50mg
硬化油 20mg
【0031】
[処方例2]
製造例1)のジアシルキナ酸を用いた細粒剤の処方例(2包中)
3,4-ジカフェオイルキナ酸 400mg
結晶セルロース 540mg
乳糖 1000mg
ショ糖脂肪酸エステル 60mg
【0032】
[処方例3]
製造例1)のジアシルキナ酸を用いたカプセル剤の処方(6カプセル中)
3,4-ジカフェオイルキナ酸 400mg
無水リン酸水素カルシウム 170mg
乳糖 600mg
ショ糖脂肪酸エステル 15mg
硬化油 15mg
【0033】
[製造例]
製造例1) 3,4-ジカフェオイルキナ酸の分離・精製
ヤーコン葉粉末2kgを四分割してそれぞれ500gを沸騰水(5L)で10分間抽出した。各抽出液をガーゼで濾過し、濾液を合わせて減圧下1Lに濃縮した。これを水飽和n-ブタノール1Lで4回抽出し、n-ブタノール相を合わせて減圧下濃縮して、黄色残渣50.3gを得た。これをスチレンジビニルベンゼン系多孔性樹脂カラム(ダイアイオンHP20、80φ×200mm)にかけて、まず水7Lで溶出し、次に9.5Lの50%メタノール[メタノール−水(1:1)]で溶出することで835mgのマルターゼ阻害活性画分を得た。この画分を更に修飾デキストラン型ゲル濾過カラム(セファデックスLH20、45φ×410mm)にかけ、30%メタノール[メタノール−水(3:7)]で溶出した後、50%メタノールで10mLずつ分画しながらマルターゼ阻害活性を指標に197mgの画分を得た。次いで、この画分を親水性ビニルポリマー型ゲル濾過カラム(トヨパールHW-40)にかけ、50%メタノールで溶出し、10mLずつ分画しマルターゼ阻害活性を指標として最初の阻害活性画分(250mL溶出後の540mL溶出分)を分取し、溶媒を減圧下除去して淡黄色粉末状の標記化合物61mgを得た。
FAB-MS m/z: 515.1200[M-H]+
NMR(CD3OD)δ:2.0-2.4(4H, m), 4.37(1H, dt, J=4.0Hz, 9.0Hz), 4.99(1H, dd, J=2.5Hz, 7.8Hz), 5.64(1H, dd, J=3.4Hz, 7.5Hz), 6.25(1H, d, J=16Hz), 6.28(1H, d, J=16Hz), 6.72(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 6.77(1H, d, J=8.3Hz), 6.86(1H, dd, J=1.4Hz, 7.8Hz), 6.92(1H, dd, J=1.6Hz, 7.9Hz), 7.01(1H, d, J=1.9Hz), 7.03(1H, d, J=2.0Hz), 7.54(1H, d, J=16Hz), 7.57(1H, d, J=16Hz)
【0034】
製造例2) 3,4-ジカフェオイル-epi-キナ酸の分離・精製
製造例1)と同様にしてヤーコン葉粉末より抽出・分離し、親水性ビニルポリマー型ゲル濾過カラムにおける二番目のマルターゼ阻害活性画分[製造例1)の3,4-ジカフェオイルキナ酸溶出後、50%メタノールを更に40mL溶出させた後の70mL溶出分]を分取し、溶媒を減圧下除去することで、淡黄色粉末状の標記化合物5mgを得た。
FAB-MS m/z: 515.1217[M-H]+
NMR(CD3OD)δ:2.0-2.3(4H, m), 4.18(1H, q, J=5.4Hz), 5.14(1H, dd, J=2.5Hz, 7.8Hz), 5.62(1H, t, J=3.5Hz), 6.25(1H, d, J=16Hz), 6.28(1H, d, J=16Hz), 6.73(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 6.75(1H, d, J=8.3Hz), 6.87(1H, dd, J=1.4Hz, 7.8Hz), 6.92(1H, dd, J=1.6Hz, 7.9Hz), 7.01(1H, d, J=1.9Hz), 7.04(1H, d, J=2.0Hz), 7.50(1H, d, J=16Hz), 7.58(1H, d, J=16Hz)
【0035】
【発明の効果】
上述したように本発明によれば、ヤーコンに含まれる一般式(I)のジアシルキナ酸が糖質分解酵素マルターゼに対して阻害作用を示すと共に、糖尿病の発症や悪化に関係する食後過血糖に対して抑制効果を示した。
【0036】
よって一般式(I)のジアシルキナ酸は血糖値コントロールに有用な物質であり、糖尿病の予防・改善用薬剤として応用可能である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to general formula (I)
[Chemical 3]
Figure 0004851018
[In the formula, R1 and R2 are both cafe oil,
[Formula 4]
Figure 0004851018
Indicates that the coordination of the hydroxyl group at position 5 is axial or equatorial. Inhibition of maltase containing 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid or 3,4-dicaffeoyl-epi-quinic acid as an active ingredient It relates to the agent .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Diabetes is a disease caused by abnormal glucose metabolism, and it is estimated that there are currently 6 million patients in the country, and it is estimated that there are almost twice as many reserves as there are.
[0003]
Diabetes is broadly classified into insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM). Insulin-dependent insulin is induced by necrosis or dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells by autoimmune mechanisms caused by viruses. Can not be synthesized and secreted, accounting for almost 10% of patients. The non-insulin-dependent type is a type that develops due to a combination of genetic predisposition that causes abnormal insulin secretion and reduced insulin action, and environmental factors such as obesity, overeating, and lack of exercise associated with lifestyle changes. The above is included in this type. Dietary therapy and exercise therapy are mainly used for treatment of patients with this type of mild or moderate disease, and stabilization of blood sugar level is achieved by limiting calorie restriction of the diet and promoting metabolism of sugar by exercise.
[0004]
However, if the blood glucose level suddenly rises and persists after meals (post-prandial hyperglycemia) for many years, it eventually leads to impaired glucose tolerance and promotes vascular disorders as diabetes worsens. , Retinopathy, and risk of developing complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Inhibition of postprandial hyperglycemia is said to be effective in preventing the onset and exacerbation of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, and α-glucosidase inhibitors such as acarbose and voglibose have recently been used as medical drugs. However, even in this α-glucosidase inhibitor, a hypoglycemia symptom is not always manifested in combination with a conventional antidiabetic agent such as a sulfonylurea drug, a sulfonamide drug, a biguanide drug or an insulin resistance ameliorating agent. It is not satisfactory.
[0005]
In addition, stress is another factor that causes hyperglycemia other than diabetes. The present age is also called a stress society, and there are many people who feel stress from children to adults. In addition, there are many people who eat and drink from this stress. Stress is said to excite sympathetic nerves and promote the secretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline, which increases blood glucose levels. Therefore, there is a risk of becoming a hyperglycemic state in daily life due to stress, followed by excessive drinking and eating, leading to the development of complications similar to diabetes, so blood sugar levels due to daily suppression of postprandial hyperglycemia etc. Control is needed.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, since abnormal sugar metabolism is associated with many diseases of lifestyle-related diseases, new drugs and foods aimed at preventing or preventing the deterioration of lifestyle-related diseases are desired.
[0007]
So far, the present inventors have reported that the asteraceae plant Yacon (Yacon: scientific name: Smallanthus sonchifolia) (formerly known as Polymnia sonchifolia) has reduced blood glucose levels in diabetic patients (Agriculture and Horticulture, Vol. 64). No. 4, 538 (1989)], the effective utilization of this plant was examined. And first, the taste is improved by mixing oolong tea leaves, and the combination tea significantly suppresses postprandial hyperglycemia compared to the case where each is used alone, and neutral blood and cholesterol in the blood are reduced. It has been found that it has an action of lowering and further suppressing weight gain (PCT application publication WO98 / 08527), and that the improvement of abnormal glucose tolerance of yacon itself is enhanced by mixing mulberry leaves. [JP 2000-342228] made a new proposal.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
From such circumstances, the present inventors have conducted research on the blood glucose elevation inhibitory substance contained in the yacon foliage, and as a result, the diacylquinic acid represented by the general formula (I) inhibits maltase among α-glucosidases. The present invention was completed by finding that it has an activity and also has a significant blood glucose rise inhibitory effect in a glucose tolerance test.
[0009]
The compound which is an active ingredient of the present invention is represented by the general formula (I), and the meanings and examples of symbols used in this formula will be described below.
[0010]
[Chemical formula 5]
Figure 0004851018
Is a symbol indicating the coordination of a hydroxyl group bonded to carbon at the 5-position of quinic acid, and means that it can take both axial and equatorial coordination.
[0011]
Examples of the diacylquinic acid that is an active ingredient of the present invention include the following compounds, but the present invention is not limited to these compounds. In addition, the indication in the parenthesis of the following compound name shows a common name.
[0012]
・ 3,4-O-dicaffeoyl- (1R, 3R, 4S, 5S) -1,3,4,5-tetrahydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid [3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid]
[0013]
・ 3,4-O-dicaffeoyl- (1α, 3α, 4α, 5α) -1,3,4,5-tetrahydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid [3,4-dicaffeoyl-epi-quinic acid ]
[0014]
As is clear from the structural formula of the general formula (I), the compound (I) has stereoisomers or optical isomers, and any of them can be used as the active ingredient of the present invention.
[0015]
Compound (I), which is an active ingredient of the present invention, is a known substance and is separated and purified by the method described in the following document. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 59 (10), 1887-1890 (1995), Biol. Pharm. Bull. 19 (7), 966-970 (1996), Chem. Pharm. Bull. 48 (11), 1796-1798 (2000).
[0016]
As is clear from the above documents, it is known that compound (I) has an immunopotentiating action, an antiallergic action, and an antioxidative action. However, these diacylquinic acids have an α-glucosidase inhibitory action and a blood glucose rise inhibitory action. There is no document that discloses that there is. Further, compound (I) can be separated and purified from yacon stems and leaves and coffee beans in accordance with the method described in the above document.
[0017]
【Example】
Next, the inhibitory activity of diacylquinic acid on maltase and the effect on blood glucose level will be described using Test Examples 1 and 2 below. Note that these test sample numbers correspond to sample production example numbers.
[0018]
In each test, the following specimens were used as comparative compounds.
Sample A: 4,5-O-dicaffeoyl- (1R, 3R, 4S, 5R) -1,3,4,5-tetrahydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid [4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid]
Specimen B: 3,5-O-dicaffeoyl- (1R, 3R, 4S, 5R) -1,3,4,5-tetrahydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid [3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid]
Sample C: O-4,6-dideoxy-4-[[(1S, 4R, 5S, 6S) -4,5,6-trihydroxy-3- (hydroxymethyl) -2-cyclohexen-1-yl] amino ] -α-D-Glucopyranosyl- (1 → 4) -O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl- (1 → 4) -D-Glucopyranose [Acarbose]
[0019]
[Test Example 1] Maltase inhibitory activity (IC 50 ) was measured according to the glucose oxidase colorimetric method described in the Maltase inhibitory activity test literature [Analytical Biochemistry 7, 18-25 (1964)], and the results are shown in Table 1 below. .
[0020]
[Table 1]
───────────────
Sample IC 50 (μg / ml)
───────────────
Sample 1 25
Sample 2 25
Specimen A> 300
Specimen B> 300
Sample C 3
───────────────
[0021]
From the above results, it was shown that the maltase inhibitory activity of 3,4-diacylquinic acid was particularly strong compared to structurally similar specimens A and B.
[0022]
[Test Example 2] Glucose tolerance test (oral administration)
Wistar male rats (7 weeks old, 228.5 ± 2.0 g, 5 per group) were fasted for about 17 hours and then dissolved or suspended in distilled water containing 3% polyethylene glycol (Macrogol 400) (100 mg / mg kg) was orally administered using a rat oral sonde, and soluble starch dissolved in distilled water was also orally administered 30 minutes later. After administration of soluble starch, blood was collected from the tail vein every 15 minutes up to 120 minutes, plasma was prepared, and the glucose concentration in the plasma was measured using Glucose B-Test Wako (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries).
[0023]
The control group was orally administered in the same manner as in the test group except that no sample was contained, and the plasma glucose concentration peaked about 30 minutes after administration, and then gradually decreased. On the other hand, in the test group, the blood glucose level 30 minutes after administration and the AUC value, which is the area under the blood glucose curve 0 to 120 minutes after administration, were significant as shown in Table 2 below, particularly by administration of diacylquinic acid of general formula (I). The blood glucose level was low, and the blood glucose elevation inhibitory effect was clearly observed.
[0024]
[Table 2]
───────────────────────
Specimen Blood glucose level (mg / dl) AUC (mg / dl · min)
───────────────────────
Sample 1 163.7 ± 12.1 ** 15,753 ± 1,192 *
Sample B 215.6 ± 7.9 19,605 ± 844
Control group 224.7 ± 4.3 20,163 ± 541
───────────────────────
Significant difference from control group [*: P <0.01, **: P <0.005]
[0025]
From the above results, the diacylquinic acid of the general formula (I) significantly controls the blood sugar level, suppresses a rapid increase in blood sugar level such as postprandial hyperglycemia, and exhibits the action of stabilizing the blood sugar level. Expected to prevent and improve diabetes, either alone or in combination with conventional diabetes drugs.
[0026]
In addition, since the drug of the present invention suppresses a rapid increase in blood glucose level due to meals, it is useful for suppressing excess calorie intake in middle-aged and elderly diabetic reserves, and is expected to prevent diabetes onset.
[0027]
When the compound (I) is applied to humans or mammals, it can be administered orally. As the dosage form, tablets, coated tablets, powders, granules, capsules, microcapsules, syrups and the like can be used. The preparation of these dosage forms is pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, binders, lubricants, disintegrants, suspending agents, emulsifiers, preservatives, isotonic agents, stabilizers and dispersants such as lactose , White sugar, starch, dextrin, crystalline cellulose, kaolin, calcium carbonate, talc, magnesium stearate or distilled water.
[0028]
When applied to humans, the dose varies depending on the patient's symptoms, age, weight, etc., but the daily dose for an adult can be administered in 100 to 500 mg divided into 1 to 4 doses.
[0029]
Next, although a prescription example and a manufacture example are given and this invention is demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited to this.
[0030]
[Prescription example]
[Prescription Example 1]
Formulation example of tablets using diacylquinic acid of Production Example 1) (in 10 tablets)
3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid 400mg
Crystalline cellulose 500mg
Partially pregelatinized starch 130mg
Lactose 500mg
Sucrose fatty acid ester 50mg
Hardened oil 20mg
[0031]
[Prescription Example 2]
Formulation example of fine granules using diacylquinic acid of Production Example 1) (in 2 capsules)
3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid 400mg
Crystalline cellulose 540mg
Lactose 1000mg
Sucrose fatty acid ester 60mg
[0032]
[Prescription Example 3]
Formulation of capsules using diacylquinic acid of Production Example 1) (in 6 capsules)
3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid 400mg
Anhydrous calcium hydrogen phosphate 170mg
Lactose 600mg
Sucrose fatty acid ester 15mg
Hardened oil 15mg
[0033]
[Production example]
Production Example 1) Separation and purification of 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid 2 kg of yacon leaf powder was divided into four, and 500 g of each was extracted with boiling water (5 L) for 10 minutes. Each extract was filtered with gauze, and the filtrates were combined and concentrated to 1 L under reduced pressure. This was extracted four times with 1 L of water-saturated n-butanol, and the n-butanol phases were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 50.3 g of a yellow residue. Apply this to a styrene divinylbenzene-based porous resin column (Diaion HP20, 80φ × 200mm) and elute first with 7L of water, then elute with 9.5L of 50% methanol [methanol-water (1: 1)]. 835 mg of a maltase inhibitory activity fraction was obtained. This fraction was further applied to a modified dextran-type gel filtration column (Sephadex LH20, 45φ × 410 mm), eluted with 30% methanol [methanol-water (3: 7)], and then fractionated 10 mL each with 50% methanol. A fraction of 197 mg was obtained using maltase inhibitory activity as an index. Next, this fraction was applied to a hydrophilic vinyl polymer gel filtration column (Toyopearl HW-40), eluted with 50% methanol, fractionated in 10 mL portions, and the first inhibitory activity fraction (after 250 mL elution) using maltase inhibitory activity as an index. 540 mL elution) was collected, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to obtain 61 mg of the title compound as a pale yellow powder.
FAB-MS m / z: 515.1200 [MH] +
NMR (CD 3 OD) δ: 2.0-2.4 (4H, m), 4.37 (1H, dt, J = 4.0Hz, 9.0Hz), 4.99 (1H, dd, J = 2.5Hz, 7.8Hz), 5.64 (1H , dd, J = 3.4Hz, 7.5Hz), 6.25 (1H, d, J = 16Hz), 6.28 (1H, d, J = 16Hz), 6.72 (1H, d, J = 7.8Hz), 6.77 (1H, d, J = 8.3Hz), 6.86 (1H, dd, J = 1.4Hz, 7.8Hz), 6.92 (1H, dd, J = 1.6Hz, 7.9Hz), 7.01 (1H, d, J = 1.9Hz), 7.03 (1H, d, J = 2.0Hz), 7.54 (1H, d, J = 16Hz), 7.57 (1H, d, J = 16Hz)
[0034]
Production Example 2) Separation / Purification of 3,4-dicaffeoyl-epi-quinic acid Extracted and separated from yacon leaf powder in the same manner as in Production Example 1), and second maltase in a hydrophilic vinyl polymer gel filtration column By fractionating the inhibitory activity fraction [Preparation Example 1) after elution of 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid and then eluting 40 mL of 50% methanol], the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. As a result, 5 mg of the title compound was obtained as a pale yellow powder.
FAB-MS m / z: 515.1217 [MH] +
NMR (CD 3 OD) δ: 2.0-2.3 (4H, m), 4.18 (1H, q, J = 5.4Hz), 5.14 (1H, dd, J = 2.5Hz, 7.8Hz), 5.62 (1H, t, J = 3.5Hz), 6.25 (1H, d, J = 16Hz), 6.28 (1H, d, J = 16Hz), 6.73 (1H, d, J = 7.8Hz), 6.75 (1H, d, J = 8.3Hz ), 6.87 (1H, dd, J = 1.4Hz, 7.8Hz), 6.92 (1H, dd, J = 1.6Hz, 7.9Hz), 7.01 (1H, d, J = 1.9Hz), 7.04 (1H, d, J = 2.0Hz), 7.50 (1H, d, J = 16Hz), 7.58 (1H, d, J = 16Hz)
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the diacylquinic acid represented by the general formula (I) contained in yacon exhibits an inhibitory action on the glucolytic enzyme maltase and also prevents postprandial hyperglycemia related to the onset and worsening of diabetes. Inhibiting effect.
[0036]
Therefore, the diacylquinic acid of the general formula (I) is a substance useful for blood glucose level control and can be applied as a drug for preventing / ameliorating diabetes.

Claims (1)

一般式(I)
Figure 0004851018
〔式中、R1 、R2 はいずれもカフェオイルであり、
Figure 0004851018
は5位の水酸基の配位がアキシアル又はエクァトリアルであることを表す〕で示される3,4-ジカフェオイルキナ酸又は3,4-ジカフェオイル-epi-キナ酸を有効成分とするマルターゼ阻害剤。
Formula (I)
Figure 0004851018
[In the formula, R1 and R2 are both cafe oil,
Figure 0004851018
Indicates that the coordination of the hydroxyl group at the 5-position is axial or equatorial] 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid or 3,4-dicaffeoyl-epi-quinic acid as an active ingredient Agent.
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