JP4852571B2 - Detoxification method and detoxification device for asbestos-containing object - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a detoxification method and a detoxification apparatus for an asbestos-containing object to be processed, and more specifically, detoxifies in a state where the object to be processed is shielded from the outside air in a containing bag containing the object to be treated containing asbestos. The present invention relates to a detoxification method and a detoxification apparatus for an asbestos-containing workpiece.

  Asbestos (natural asbestos) is a natural mineral fiber, and there are types such as chrysotile and amosite. Asbestos is excellent in heat resistance, chemical resistance, insulation, etc., and has been widely used as a building material (fireproof material, heat insulating material, soundproofing material).

  Although asbestos has excellent properties in this way, because of the minute acicular crystal structure, when inhaled by humans, some of it remains in the body, causing malignant mesothelioma, lung cancer, etc. It is said.

  Therefore, in recent years, the detoxification treatment of asbestos such as in building waste has become a major problem.

  As an asbestos disposal method, conventionally, a method in which an object to be treated containing asbestos is mixed into concrete and buried in the ground or melted in an electric furnace or the like has been adopted.

  However, the landfill method has a problem that it is difficult to secure a landfill site. Moreover, if the concrete is exposed to the ground surface and gradually weathered and deteriorated, asbestos may be scattered again.

  Further, in the method for melting asbestos, it is necessary to melt asbestos at a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher, and there is a problem that enormous energy costs are required.

On the other hand, a method of decomposing asbestos using a decomposing agent such as hydrofluoric acid has also been proposed (Patent Documents 1 to 3).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-226677 JP-A-6-15251 Japanese Patent No. 3066976

  An object to be treated containing asbestos is accommodated in a plastic accommodation bag such as polyethylene whose mouth is tightly bound to prevent asbestos from scattering. In this case, the simplest and preferable method for decomposing asbestos in the storage bag with the decomposition agent is a method in which the decomposition agent is directly injected into the storage bag.

  However, the storage bag expands due to heat and gas generated by the injection of the decomposition agent into the storage bag and the reaction between asbestos and the decomposition agent. In order to prevent bag breakage due to excessive expansion of the storage bag, when discharging the gas in the storage bag to the outside, it is necessary to take special measures to discharge only the gas without scattering the asbestos, which is costly There is such a problem.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a detoxification method for an asbestos-containing treatment object that can be easily detoxified in a state in which the treatment object is shielded from the outside air in the containing bag containing the asbestos-containing treatment object, and It is an object to provide a harmless device.

  Other problems of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.

  The above problems are solved by the following inventions.

(Claim 1)
A method of detoxifying the object to be processed by injecting a decomposition agent of the asbestos into a containing bag containing an object to be processed containing asbestos,
The tip of a tubular member formed by connecting an inflatable buffer container is inserted into the housing bag, the interior of the housing bag and the buffer container are communicated with each other via the tubular member, and the disassembly is performed. The harmless asbestos-containing treatment object is characterized in that the treatment object is detoxified in a state of being blocked from the outside air by buffering the expansion of the containing bag accompanying the injection of the agent by the expansion of the buffering container. Method.

(Claim 2)
The method for detoxifying an asbestos-containing object according to claim 1, wherein the decomposing agent is a hydrofluoric acid (HF) aqueous solution.

(Claim 3)
The method for detoxifying an asbestos-containing object according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the buffer container is a deflated bag or balloon or an accordion-shaped container capable of expanding and contracting.

(Claim 4)
4. The method for detoxifying an asbestos-containing object according to claim 1, wherein the tubular member is provided with an inlet for the decomposition agent and also serves as an injection tube for the decomposition agent.

(Claim 5)
An asbestos-containing detoxifying device that detoxifies the object to be treated by injecting a decomposition agent of the asbestos into a containing bag containing the object to be treated containing asbestos,
By connecting an inflatable buffer container to a tubular member whose tip is an insertion end of the container bag, the inside of the container bag and the buffer container are connected to the outside air via the tubular member. A detoxifying device for an asbestos-containing object to be treated, characterized in that it is configured to be able to communicate in a blocked state.

(Claim 6)
6. The apparatus for detoxifying an asbestos-containing object according to claim 5, wherein the buffering container is a deflated bag or balloon or a bellows-like container capable of expanding and contracting.

(Claim 7)
A flat ring-shaped member having an adhesive layer that is slidably fitted to the outer periphery of the insertion end side of the tubular member and that adheres to the outer surface of the containing bag on one surface. Item 7. An apparatus for detoxifying an asbestos-containing object according to Item 5 or 6.

(Claim 8)
8. The tubular member has a flange projecting laterally in the middle of the tubular member, and the ring-shaped member has an adhesive layer that can be bonded to the collar on the other surface. Detoxification equipment for asbestos-containing treated objects.

(Claim 9)
The detoxifying device for an asbestos-containing object according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the tubular member is provided with an inlet for the decomposition agent and also serves as an injection tube for the decomposition agent.

  According to the present invention, a detoxification method for an asbestos-containing treatment object that can be easily detoxified in a state where the treatment object is blocked from the outside air in a containing bag containing a treatment object containing asbestos, and A detoxification device can be provided.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of a detoxification device that can be suitably used when carrying out the detoxification method according to the present invention.

  The detoxification device 1 has a straight tubular member 2 made of plastic such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or the like. The distal end of the tubular member 2 is an insertion end 2a that is inserted into a storage bag, which will be described later, in which a processing object containing asbestos is accommodated. Branches towards.

  The other end of the tubular member 2 is a connection end 2c of the buffer container 3, and the buffer container 3 is connected to the connection end 2c. The buffer container 3 receives an increase in the gas in the storage bag accompanying the injection of the decomposing agent from the injection port 2b through the tubular member 2 to buffer excessive expansion of the storage bag. Here, it is formed in a bag shape by a plastic such as polyethylene which can increase its internal volume by expanding itself. The maximum volume of the buffer container 3 is appropriately determined according to the amount of decomposition agent injected and the amount of heat and gas generated when the decomposition agent reacts with the object to be processed.

  When the buffer container 3 is not in use, the buffer container 3 is deflated and the opening is covered with the connection end 2 c at the other end of the tubular member 2, and is firmly fixed to the connection end 2 c by the tightening member 4. Thereby, the inside of the buffer container 3 communicates only with the inside of the injection tube 2 through the connection end 2 c at the other end of the tubular member 2.

  On the other end side of the tubular member 2, an on-off valve 2 d is provided so that a gas flow path into the buffer container 3 can be opened and closed. An opening / closing valve 2e is provided at the decomposition agent inlet 2b of the tubular member 2 so that the flow rate of the decomposition agent can be adjusted.

  Next, a detoxification method using the detoxification apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

  In FIG. 2, reference numeral 10 denotes an accommodation bag made of plastic such as polyethylene, in which an object 20 is accommodated. The object 20 is a waste containing at least asbestos. For example, waste containing asbestos removed by asbestos removal work of a building is stored in a plastic storage bag on site, and this detoxification device 1 uses a storage bag in which waste is bagged on site. It can be used as it is to detoxify the internal workpiece.

  First, the opening part 10a of the accommodation bag 10 in which the to-be-processed object 20 was accommodated is opened a little, and the insertion end 2a of the tubular member 2 of the detoxification apparatus 1 is inserted in a bag. After the insertion, the opening 10a is closed again and the outer periphery of the tubular member 2 is firmly tightened using an appropriate tightening member. Thereby, the inside of the storage bag 10 and the inside of the buffer container 3 can be communicated with each other through the tubular member 2 while being shut off from the outside air via the on-off valve 2d (FIG. 2A). ).

  At this time, although not shown, an appropriate holder or holding container for holding the containing bag 10 in which the decomposing agent 30 is injected while keeping the detoxifying device 1 upright with respect to the containing bag 10. Is preferably used.

  Next, the on-off valve 2e of the decomposition agent injection port 2b of the tubular member 2 is opened, and a predetermined amount of the decomposition agent 30 is injected into the accommodation bag 10 from the injection port 2b (FIG. 2B). At this time, it is preferable that the on-off valve 2d is closed to prevent the asbestos that has risen in the initial stage of injection of the decomposition agent 30 from flowing into the buffer container 3.

  It is preferable to use hydrofluoric acid (HF) as the decomposing agent 30. However, since the reaction becomes intense when high concentration hydrofluoric acid is used, it is preferable to use a diluted solution of hydrofluoric acid.

  By injecting the decomposing agent 30, the internal volume of the containing bag 10 increases according to the injection amount. In addition, there is an increase in the internal capacity due to heat and gas generated by the reaction between the decomposition agent 30 and the object 20 to be processed, and the storage bag 10 tends to expand due to these. Therefore, after injecting a predetermined amount of the decomposing agent 30, closing the on-off valve 2e, and opening the on-off valve 2d, the inside of the containing bag 10 communicates with the inside of the buffer container 3 via the tubular member 2. The gas in the storage bag 10 can escape to the buffer container 3 communicating with the gas through the inside of the tubular member 2. The buffer container 3 is expanded by the gas flowing in through the tubular member 2, thereby receiving the expansion due to the increase in the internal volume of the containing bag 10 accompanying the injection of the decomposition agent 30.

  Accordingly, the expansion of the storage bag 10 accompanying the injection of the decomposition agent 30 can be buffered by the expansion of the buffer container 3 without releasing the gas in the storage bag 10 to the outside, so that asbestos is scattered outside. There is no. After a predetermined time has passed, the asbestos is decomposed by the decomposing agent 30 in the object to be processed 20 in the containing bag 10 and rendered harmless.

After the asbestos is rendered harmless, it is neutralized, for example, by injecting Ca (OH) ₂ liquid into the containing bag 10.

  FIG. 3 shows still another aspect of the detoxifying device, in which only the insertion end 2a side of the tubular member 2 having a different configuration from the detoxifying device 1 shown in FIG. The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same components.

  This detoxifying device 5 has a ring-shaped member 6 fitted to the insertion end 2 a side of the tubular member 2. The ring-shaped member 6 is formed in a donut shape by a flat plastic sheet such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, or the like. The center opening 6a of the ring-shaped member 6 through which the tubular member 2 is inserted has an inner diameter that is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the tubular member 2 and is tightly fitted to the outer periphery of the tubular member 2, and at the same time, slides relative to the tubular member 2. It has a movable configuration.

  Adhesive layers 6b and 6c are formed on both the front and back surfaces of the ring-shaped member 6, respectively. Each adhesive layer 6b, 6c is provided with a release paper (not shown) for protecting the adhesive surface until use.

  In addition, a flange portion 2f is formed in the middle portion of the tubular member 2 so as to project sideways. The flange portion 2 f is generally formed integrally with the tubular member 2, but the flange portion 2 f formed as a separate member may be fixed to the outer periphery of the tubular member 2.

  A method for inserting the tubular member 2 of the detoxifying device 5 into the containing bag 10 containing the target object containing asbestos will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, the release paper on the lower surface side of the ring-shaped member 6 is peeled to expose the adhesive layer 6b, which is attached to the surface of the storage bag 10, and then the storage bag 10 exposed in the central opening 6a of the ring-shaped member 6 is exposed. The insertion end 2 a of the tubular member 2 is pierced on the surface and inserted into the housing bag 10.

  That is, since the detoxifying device 5 does not need to open the opening 10a of the containing bag 10 in order to insert the tubular member 2 into the inside, there is no possibility that the internal asbestos leaks from the opening 10a inadvertently.

  Further, when the tubular member 2 is pierced, the storage bag 10 is torn. However, since the ring-shaped member 6 is adhered to the periphery of the puncture site by the adhesive layer 6b, the storage bag 10 extends around the central opening 6a. It is prevented from being excessively torn and the internal asbestos does not leak out from the tearing portion.

  When the tubular member 2 is further inserted into the housing bag 10, the flange portion 2 f formed in the middle portion of the tubular member 2 comes into contact with the annular member 6. At this time, the release paper on the upper surface side of the ring-shaped member 6 is peeled to expose the adhesive layer 6c, and the lower surface of the flange 2f is adhered by the adhesive layer 6c. Thereby, the site | part in which the tubular member 2 in the accommodation bag 10 was inserted is obstruct | occluded completely by the contact bonding layer 6b, the ring-shaped member 6, the contact bonding layer 6c, and the collar part 2f. Therefore, after that, when the decomposition agent is injected into the inside of the storage bag 10 through the tubular member 2, it is completely prevented that asbestos in the storage bag 10 is scattered and leaks outside from the insertion site of the tubular member 2. it can.

  It is also preferable that the adhesive layer 6c bonded to the lower surface of the flange portion 2f is an easily peelable adhesive layer. Thereby, after the asbestos decomposition treatment, the flange 2f can be peeled off from the adhesive layer 6c of the ring-shaped member 6, and the tubular member 2 can be removed from the containing bag 10 and reused.

  By the way, in order to inspect whether the to-be-processed object 20 in the storage bag 10 is processed by the decomposing agent 30 and the asbestos is completely detoxified, the tip of the sampling tube for sampling the liquid in the storage bag 10 is used. When inserting separately from the surface of the storage bag 10, the structure on the insertion end side of this sampling tube also maintains a high degree of sealing between the sampling tube and the storage bag 10 to prevent inadvertent scattering and outflow of asbestos. Therefore, it is preferable to include the flange portion 2f and the ring-shaped member 6 similar to the detoxification device 5.

  In the present invention, each of the detoxification devices 1 and 5 is made of plastic and can be formed at a low cost. Therefore, after the object to be processed in the storage bag 10 is decomposed with the decomposition agent, it is discarded together with the storage bag 10. be able to.

  The detoxifying devices 1 and 5 described above are configured to branch the decomposition agent injection port 2 b toward the side of the tubular member 2, but the connection end 2 c with the buffer container 3 is connected to the tubular member 2. It is good also as a structure branched toward a side.

  The detoxifying devices 1 and 5 are both configured such that the tubular member 2 also serves as an injection tube for injecting the decomposition agent 30 into the containing bag 10. According to this, when inserting the tubular member 2 from the opening part 10a of the storage bag 10, a sealing effect becomes high and is effective.

  When the tubular member 2 is configured to also serve as an injection tube for the decomposition agent 30 as described above, although not shown, the tubular member has a concentric double tube structure, or the flow path in the tubular member extends along the length direction. Alternatively, each channel may be communicated with the decomposition agent inlet and the connection end of the buffer container.

  However, the present invention is not limited to these, and the tubular member for injecting the decomposition agent and the tubular member for connecting the buffer container may be separated and inserted into the individual accommodation bag parts. In this case, the tubular member that pierces the surface other than the opening of the storage bag preferably has a structure having a flange 2f and a ring-shaped member 6 as shown in FIG.

  The buffer container 3 is not limited to a plastic bag, and it is also preferable to use a balloon formed of a stretchable material such as rubber.

  Further, the buffer container 3 is not limited to a bag shape, and as shown in FIG. 7, it is also preferable to use a bellows-like container that can be expanded and contracted flat when not used.

  Further, the buffer container 3 is not limited to a structure that is directly attached to the connection end 2c of the tubular member 2, and an appropriate connecting pipe 7 is used between the connection end 2c of the tubular member 2 as shown in FIG. It is also possible to communicate with each other.

Example 1
As an object to be processed, 100 g of Sample 1 (containing 87.9% chrysotile) was stored in a polyethylene storage bag having a capacity of 1 liter.

  As a detoxifying device, a detoxifying device provided with a polyethylene bag-like buffer container having a capacity of 0.5 liter at the other end of a polyethylene tubular member having the structure shown in FIG. 1 is used. From the opening, the tip of the tubular member of the detoxifying device was inserted, and the opening of the containing bag was firmly fastened to the tubular member.

  Thereafter, 0.4 liter of 30% hydrofluoric acid solution was injected as a decomposition agent from the decomposition agent inlet of the detoxifying device while adjusting the flow rate so that the reaction would not become intense. During that time, when the capacity of the containing bag expanded to about 70%, the on-off valve connected to the buffer container was opened.

  After processing for 1 hour, the sampled sample was analyzed with an X-ray diffractometer and the asbestos content was quantified. As a result, it was less than 0.1%.

  In addition, the expansion of the storage bag accompanying the injection of the decomposing agent is buffered by the expansion of the buffer container, so that the storage bag does not break and the asbestos is decomposed in a state of being blocked from the outside air in the storage bag. I was able to.

(Example 2)
As an object to be processed, 100 g of Sample 1 (containing 87.9% chrysotile) was stored in a polyethylene storage bag having a capacity of 1 liter.

  As a detoxifying device, a detoxifying device equipped with a polyethylene bag-like buffer container with a capacity of 0.5 liter at the other end of a polyvinyl chloride tubular member having the structure shown in FIG. The tip of the tubular member of the detoxifying device was pierced into a portion other than the opening of the bag, and the collar portion and the accommodation bag were brought into close contact with the annular member.

  Thereafter, 0.4 liter of 30% hydrofluoric acid solution was injected as a decomposition agent from the decomposition agent inlet of the detoxifying device while adjusting the flow rate so that the reaction would not become intense. During that time, when the capacity of the containing bag expanded to about 70%, the on-off valve connected to the buffer container was opened.

  After processing for 1 hour, the sampled sample was analyzed with an X-ray diffractometer and the asbestos content was quantified. As a result, it was less than 0.1%.

  In addition, the expansion of the storage bag accompanying the injection of the decomposing agent is buffered by the expansion of the buffer container, so that the storage bag does not break and the asbestos is decomposed in a state of being blocked from the outside air in the storage bag. I was able to.

(Example 3)
As an object to be processed, 100 g of Sample 2 (containing 12.8% amosite) was stored in a polyethylene storage bag having a capacity of 1 liter.

  As a detoxifying device, a detoxifying device provided with a polyethylene bag-like buffer container having a capacity of 0.5 liter at the other end of a polyethylene tubular member having the structure shown in FIG. 1 is used. From the opening, the tip of the tubular member of the detoxifying device was inserted, and the opening of the containing bag was firmly fastened to the tubular member.

  Thereafter, 0.2 liter of a 30% hydrofluoric acid solution as a decomposing agent was injected from the decomposing agent inlet of the detoxifying device while adjusting the flow rate so that the reaction would not become vigorous. During that time, when the capacity of the containing bag expanded to about 70%, the on-off valve connected to the buffer container was opened.

  After processing for 1 hour, the sampled sample was analyzed with an X-ray diffractometer and the asbestos content was quantified. As a result, it was less than 0.1%.

  In addition, the expansion of the storage bag accompanying the injection of the decomposing agent is buffered by the expansion of the buffer container, so that the storage bag does not break and the asbestos is decomposed in a state of being blocked from the outside air in the storage bag. I was able to.

The front view which shows an example of the detoxification apparatus which can be used conveniently when implementing the detoxification method which concerns on this invention (A) and (b) are diagrams for explaining a detoxification method according to the present invention. The figure which cuts and shows only the insertion end side of the tubular member which concerns on the further another aspect of the detoxification apparatus which concerns on this invention partially The figure explaining the usage method of the detoxification apparatus shown in FIG. The figure explaining the usage method of the detoxification apparatus shown in FIG. The figure explaining the usage method of the detoxification apparatus shown in FIG. Partial front view showing another embodiment of the buffer container

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 5: Detoxification device 2: Tubular member 2a: Insertion end 2b: Injection port 2c: Connection end 2d: On-off valve 2e: On-off valve 2f: Eaves part 3: Buffer container 4: Tightening member 6: Ring-shaped member 6a: Center opening 6b, 6c: Adhesive layer 7: Connecting pipe 10: Storage bag 10a: Opening 20: Object 30: Decomposition agent

Claims (9)

A method of detoxifying the object to be processed by injecting a decomposition agent of the asbestos into a containing bag containing an object to be processed containing asbestos,
The tip of a tubular member formed by connecting an inflatable buffer container is inserted into the housing bag, the interior of the housing bag and the buffer container are communicated with each other via the tubular member, and the disassembly is performed. The harmless asbestos-containing treatment object is characterized in that the treatment object is detoxified in a state of being blocked from the outside air by buffering the expansion of the containing bag accompanying the injection of the agent by the expansion of the buffering container. Method.   The method for detoxifying an asbestos-containing object according to claim 1, wherein the decomposing agent is a hydrofluoric acid (HF) aqueous solution.   The method for detoxifying an asbestos-containing object according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the buffer container is a deflated bag or balloon or an accordion-shaped container capable of expanding and contracting.   4. The method for detoxifying an asbestos-containing object according to claim 1, wherein the tubular member is provided with an inlet for the decomposition agent and also serves as an injection tube for the decomposition agent. An asbestos-containing detoxifying device that detoxifies the object to be treated by injecting a decomposition agent of the asbestos into a containing bag containing the object to be treated containing asbestos,
A tubular member distal end is an insertion end into the bag consists inflatable cushioning container, by connecting the buffer vessel to said tubular member, said bag through said tubular member A detoxifying device for an asbestos-containing object to be treated, characterized in that the inside and the inside of the buffer container can be communicated with each other in a state of being blocked from outside air.
  6. The apparatus for detoxifying an asbestos-containing object according to claim 5, wherein the buffering container is a deflated bag or balloon or a bellows-like container capable of expanding and contracting.   A flat ring-shaped member having an adhesive layer that is slidably fitted to the outer periphery of the insertion end side of the tubular member and that adheres to the outer surface of the containing bag on one surface. Item 7. An apparatus for detoxifying an asbestos-containing object according to Item 5 or 6.   8. The tubular member has a flange projecting laterally in the middle of the tubular member, and the ring-shaped member has an adhesive layer that can be bonded to the collar on the other surface. Detoxification equipment for asbestos-containing treated objects.   The detoxifying device for an asbestos-containing object according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the tubular member is provided with an inlet for the decomposition agent and also serves as an injection tube for the decomposition agent.

Images