JP4857461B2 - Civil engineering lining composition and structure using the same - Google Patents
Civil engineering lining composition and structure using the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4857461B2 JP4857461B2 JP2000336567A JP2000336567A JP4857461B2 JP 4857461 B2 JP4857461 B2 JP 4857461B2 JP 2000336567 A JP2000336567 A JP 2000336567A JP 2000336567 A JP2000336567 A JP 2000336567A JP 4857461 B2 JP4857461 B2 JP 4857461B2
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- civil engineering
- composition
- lining composition
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- YDKNBNOOCSNPNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 1,3-benzoxazole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(C(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 YDKNBNOOCSNPNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
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- GYVGXEWAOAAJEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,4-trimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 GYVGXEWAOAAJEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-n'-phenylcarbamimidoyl chloride Chemical compound CN(C)C(Cl)=NC1=CC=CC=C1 GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Chemical group COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- HSVFKFNNMLUVEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl diazide Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=NS(=O)(=O)N=[N+]=[N-] HSVFKFNNMLUVEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004992 toluidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl-ethylene Natural products C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、各種コンクリート、木材、鋼材など各種基材への被覆を現地・現場で行うのに適した粒子状及び/又は繊維状充填材の沈降が少なく、またマット状補強材においては含浸作業性に優れた土木建築用ライニング組成物及びそれを用いた土木建築構造体に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
建築や土木分野においてコンクリートや鉄に代表される金属材料を使用した構造物あるいは構造体は多い。しかし、このコンクリートや鉄は経年で劣化するという問題がある。これらの材料を使用して、最近問題になっている構造体として、例えばトンネル、橋脚、排水溝、床、上下水道管、ガス管、油送管などが挙げられる。これらの構造物あるいは構造体の劣化防止や劣化の進行した既設構造体の更正を目的に、エポキシ樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂などの熱硬化性樹脂を用いた各種ライニングが施されている。これらの熱硬化性樹脂のうち、耐食性が良好なエポキシ樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂が多く使用されているが、比較的低温でも硬化性に優れるビニルエステル樹脂の需要が高まってきている。このビニルエステル樹脂をベースとしたライニング組成物は、通常充填材と呼ばれる硅砂やガラスビーズ、ガラスフレークなどが添加されており、コテ、ロール、スプレーなどの機材を使用してライニングされている。しかし、一般に、これら充填材の比重は樹脂よりも大きいため、樹脂中で沈降し偏在してしまうという問題がある。そこで充填材の沈降抑制を目的に、充填材の形状や粒径を調整したり、樹脂組成物に揺変性を付与したり、硬化時間を短くしたり、あるいは組成物の粘度を高くするなどの手法が用いられているが、依然として塗布ムラが発生したり、ライニング前に重合してしまったり、あるいはライニング組成物の粘度を高めてしまうため作業性を低下させているという問題がある。しかし、依然としてこの課題に対する取り組みがあまり為されていないというのが実状である。一方、補強材として例えばガラスマットを使用して基材表面にライニングを敷設する場合、ライニング組成物の組成により含浸しにくく作業性が悪い場合がある。そのため、含浸作業性の優れた樹脂が望まれていた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は充填材が沈降しにくく、しかも充填材及び/又は補強材への含浸作業性に優れた土木建築用ライニング組成物を提供するものである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記課題に対して発明者らが鋭意検討した結果、特定のアクリレート及び/又はメタクリレートを配合することにより上記の課題が解決できることを見出し、この知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至った。
すなわち本発明は、(A)(a)エポキシ樹脂 1.0エポキシ当量に対して不飽和一塩基酸0.2〜0.6当量及び炭素数12個以上の二塩基酸0.8〜0.4当量を反応させて得られる不飽和エステル5〜60重量%、(b)一般式(I)
【化2】
[式中、Rは水素又はメチル基を表し、nは10〜25までの整数を表す]で示されるアクリレート及び/又はメタクリレート3〜15重量%並びに(c)前記(b)成分以外のエチレン性不飽和単量体25〜92重量%からなる樹脂組成物を含有する土木建築用ライニング組成物に関する。
また、本発明は、(B)充填材及び/又は補強材を含有する上記土木建築用ライニング組成物に関する。
また、本発明は、上記(c)エチレン性不飽和単量体がアクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル及び/又はメタクリル酸2−エチルヘキシルを10〜25重量%含むものである上記土木建築用ライニング組成物に関する。
また、本発明は、(A)成分の樹脂組成物に対して0.01〜10重量%のアミン系促進剤及び/又は(A)成分の樹脂組成物に対して0.0〜5重量%の多価金属塩及び/又は錯体を含有する上記の土木建築用ライニング組成物に関する。
また、本発明は、上記の土木建築用ライニング組成物を用いて表面に保護層が形成された土木建築構造体に関する。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の(A)成分の樹脂組成物は、上記の(a)、(b)及び(c)成分からなるものであるが、(a)成分の不飽和エステルの原料として用いられるエポキシ樹脂としては、特に制限はなく、例えば下記一般式
【化3】
[式中、xは0〜15の範囲の整数である。]で表されるものが用いられる。
市販されているものとしては、油化シェルエポキシ(株)製エピコート828、エピコート1001、エピコート1004、旭化成エポキシ(株)製AER−664H、AER−331、AER−337、ダウケミカル社製D.E.R.330、D.E.R.660、D.E.R.664などがある。また、上記エポキシ樹脂の水素原子の一部をハロゲン(例えば臭素)で置換したタイプも使用できる。この種の市販品の例としては、東都化成(株)製エポトートYDB−400、YDB−340、住友化学工業(株)製スミエポキシESB−340、ESB−400、ESB−500、ESB−700、ダウケミカル社製D.E.R.542、D.E.R.511、D.E.R.580、油化シェルエポキシ(株)製1045、1050、1046、DX−248などがある。
また、下記一般式
【化4】
〔式中、R1、R2及びR3はそれぞれ独立に水素原子又はアルキル基を示し、xは0〜15の範囲の整数である〕で示されるものを用いることもできる。市販されているものとしては、ダウケミカル社製D.E.N.431、D.E.N.438、油化シェルエポキシ(株)製エピコート152、エピコート154、旭チバ(株)製EPN1138などがある。また長瀬チバ(株)製CY208、CY221、CY350、XB2615、CY192、CY184等も用いられる。
これらのエポキシ樹脂は、単独で又は2種以上併用することができる。また、作業性の改善のため、エピ−ビスタイプのエポキシ樹脂、フェノールノボラックタイプのエポキシ樹脂、クレゾールノボラックタイプのエポキシ樹脂等とビスフェノールF型や脂肪族エポキシ樹脂に代表される公知の低粘度エポキシ樹脂とを併用することもできる。
【0006】
エポキシ樹脂に反応させる不飽和一塩基酸としてはアクリル酸、メタクリル酸、クロトン酸、けい皮酸、トリシクロ〔5.2.1.02,6〕−4−デセン−8又は9残基と不飽和二塩基酸残基を構成要素として含む部分エステル化カルボン酸などを用いることができる。部分エステル化カルボン酸の例としては、8又は9−ヒドロキシトリシクロデセン−4−〔5.2.1.02,6〕1.0〜1.2モル及び無水マレイン酸、イタコン酸、シトラコン酸などの不飽和二塩基酸1モルを不活性ガス気流下で70〜150℃に加熱して得られる不飽和二塩基酸モノエステルがある。
【0007】
トリシクロデカジエン−4,8−〔5.2.1.02,6〕にマレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸などの不飽和二塩基酸を硫酸、ルイス酸などの触媒の存在下で付加して得られる不飽和二塩基酸モノエステルを用いることもできる。
マレイン酸を例に採って例示すると、下記のようになる。
【化5】
【0008】
これら不飽和一塩基酸のうち、好ましくはアクリル酸、メタクリル酸が組成物の反応性の点で好ましく、さらに好ましくはメタクリル酸である。
【0009】
また、エポキシ樹脂に反応させる炭素数が12個以上、好ましくは12〜100個の二塩基酸としてはトデカン二酸、市販品として岡村製油(株)製SLB−12、また、炭素数16の不飽和二塩基酸の異性体の混合物であるULB−20(同じく岡村製油(株)製)、炭素数20の飽和二塩基酸主体の混合物であるSL−20(同じく岡村製油(株)製)、不飽和二塩基酸の市販品としてはバーサダイム216、バーサダイム288(ヘンケルジャパン(株)製)、ハリダイマー200(ハリマ化成(株)製)などがある。
【0010】
これらエポキシ樹脂と不飽和一塩基酸及び炭素数12以上の二塩基酸とは、エポキシ樹脂1.0エポキシ当量に対して、不飽和一塩基酸0.2〜0.6当量、好ましくは0.3〜0.55当量、及び炭素数12以上の二塩基酸0.8〜0.4当量、好ましくは0.7〜0.45当量の割合で好ましくは60〜150℃、より好ましくは70〜130℃の温度で反応させて不飽和エステルとする。不飽和エステルの生成は、不飽和一塩基酸及び二塩基酸のカルボキシル基を定量し、酸価により調べることが出来る。この酸価は、好ましくは50以下、より好ましくは15以下とされる。
【0011】
反応に際し、重合によるゲル化を防止するためにヒドロキノン、パラベンゾキノン、p−第3級ブチルカテコール、ヒドロキノンモノメチルエーテル、塩酸ヒドロキシルアミンなどの重合禁止剤を用いるのが好ましい。
【0012】
また、このエステル化反応に際しては、トリメチルベンジルアンモニウムクロリド、ピリジニウムクロリドなどの第4級アンモニウム塩、トリエチルアミン、ジメチルアニリンなどの第3級アミン、塩化第二鉄、水酸化リチウム、塩化リチウム、塩化第二スズなどのエステル化触媒を用いて反応時間を短縮することもできる。
【0013】
また、(b)成分の一般式(I)に示されるアクリレート及び/又はメタクリレートの工業的に入手可能なものとして、例えば、n−デシル(メタ)アクリレート、n−ラウリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリデシルメタクリレート、n−ステアリルメタクリレート等が挙げられる。nが10未満では骨材の沈降性を改善する効果が低くなり、またnが25を超えるとライニング組成物との相溶性が低くなり、粘度を高めてしまうため作業性を悪くしてしまう。一般式(I)で示される化合物の使用量は、(a)、(b)及び(c)の合計量に対して好ましくは3〜15重量%、より好ましくは4〜10重量%とされる。3重量%未満では充填材の沈降制御の効果が低く、15重量%を超えると硬化物としたときの機械強度が保てない。
【0014】
(c)前記(b)成分以外のエチレン性不飽和単量体としてはスチレン、ビニルトルエン、α−メチルスチレン、クロルスチレン、ジクロルスチレン、ジビニルベンゼン、t−ブチルスチレン、アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸ブチル、β−ヒドロキシアクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル等のアクリル酸アルキルエステル、メタクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル酸ブチル、β−ヒドロキシメタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル等のメタクリル酸アルキルエステル、アクリルアミド、フェニルマレイミド、マレイミド、酢酸ビニル、ジアリルフタレート、トリアリルシアヌレート、アクリロニトリル、ネオペンチルグリコールジアクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールペンタアクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート等の多価アルコールのアクリル酸エステル、ネオペンチルグリコールジメタクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラメタクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールペンタメタクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサメタクリレート等の多価アルコールの(メタ)アクリル酸エステル等がある。ジシクロペンテニルオキシエチルメタクリレート、ジシクロペンテニルオキシイソプロピルメタクリレート、ジシクロペンテニルオキシイソプロピルアクリレート、ジシクロペンテニルオキシネオペンチルメタクリレート、ジシクロペンテニルオキシネオペンチルアクリレートなどが挙げられる。これらのうち、硬化性及び経済性の観点からはスチレンが好ましく、臭気の点からはジシクロペンテニルオキシエチルアクリレート又はジシクロペンテニルオキシエチルメタクリレートが好ましい。また、柔軟性を付与するためにはアクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル及び/又はメタクリル酸2−エチルヘキシルが好ましい。これらエチレン性不飽和単量体を1種又は2種以上組み合わせてもよく、(a)、(b)及び(c)の合計量に対して(c)エチレン性不飽和単量体を25〜92重量%の範囲で用いることができる。(c)エチレン性重合性単量体の含有量が92重量%を超えると柔軟性、耐食性等の特性が低下する傾向があり、25重量%未満ではライニング組成物の粘度が高くなりすぎて作業性が乏しくなる傾向がある。このエチレン性不飽和単量体として好ましくは、スチレン、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、メタクリル酸2−エチルヘキシルが挙げられる。これらを組み合わせるて用いることが硬化性と経済性の点から好ましく、スチレン20〜60重量%及びアクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル及び/又はメタクリル酸2−エチルヘキシルを5〜32重量%の範囲で組み合わせて用いることがより好ましい。
【0015】
アミン系促進剤は、アミノ基、アルキルアミノ基、ジアルキルアミノ基、ヒドロキシアルキルアミノ基、ジ(ヒドロキシアルキル)アミノ基等を有する化合物であり、具体的には、アニリン、N,N−ジメチルアニリン、N,N−ジメチル−p−トルイジン、N,N−ジ(ヒドロキシエチル)−p−トルイジン、N,N−ジ(ヒドロキシエチル)−m−トルイジン、N,N−ジ(ヒドロキシプロピル)−p−トルイジン、ジメチルアセトアミド、ジエチルアセトアミド、ジプロピルアセトアミド、N,N−ジメチルアセトアセタミド等を1種以上組み合わせて、ライニング組成物に対して0.01〜10重量%の範囲で用いることができる。0.01重量%未満では促進効果が十分でなく、また10重量%を超えると可塑効果が働き、硬化物の強度低下を招き好ましくない。ジメチルアセトアミド、ジエチルアセトアミド、ジプロピルアセトアミド、N,N−ジメチルアセトアセタミド等のジアルキルアミノ基を有する化合物が低温での硬化性の点から好ましい。
【0016】
多価金属塩及び/又は錯体は、一般に乾燥剤(ドライヤー)と呼ばれているもの、高級脂肪酸の金属塩がよく知られている。例えばナフテン酸、オクテン酸の多価金属塩であり、多価金属とは、カルシウム、銅、ジルコニウム、マンガン、コバルト、鉛、鉄、バナジウムなどを示す。特に好ましくはオクチル酸コバルト、ナフテン酸コバルトが挙げられる。錯体としては、アセチルアセトンの錯体がよく知られており、コバルトアセチルアセトネート、マンガンアセチルアセトネート等が挙げられる。これらはライニング組成物に対して0.01〜5重量%の範囲で用いられるが、これらは有機過酸化物の作用を促進する働きを示し、0.01重量%未満では効果が十分でなく、5重量%を超えても、それ以上の効果を示さない。
【0017】
本発明のライニング組成物は有機過酸化物で硬化させることができる。例えば、過酸化ベンゾイル、メチルエチルケトンパーオキサイド、ジ−t−ブチルパーオキサイド、クメンハイドロパーオキサイドなどが挙げられ、ライニング組成物に対して0.1〜10重量%の範囲で用いることが好ましい。0.1重量%未満では有機過酸化物が開裂して発生するラジカルの発生量が不十分となり、ライニング組成物が完全に硬化しない場合がある。また、10重量%を超えると、有機過酸化物自身及びそれに含まれる希釈剤が可塑剤の働きを示し、硬化物が設計以上に軟質になりすぎる傾向がある。
【0018】
また、本発明のライニング組成物は、光によって硬化させることもできる。光による硬化は光開始剤、例えばベンゾフェノン、ベンジル、ミヒラーケトン、チオキサントン、アントラキノン、ベンゾインエーテル、メトキシアセトフェノンなどをライニング組成物に対して好ましくは0.1〜5重量%の範囲で添加し、太陽光、紫外線ランプ等を用いて光で照射することによって行われる。
【0019】
本発明のライニング組成物には着色剤やワックス類を添加できる。着色剤としては二酸化チタン、コバルトブルー、カドミウムエローなどの無機顔料、カーボンブラック、アニリンブラック、β−ナフトール、フタロシアニン、キナクリドン、アゾ系、キノフタロン、インダンスレンブルーなどの有機系顔料が挙げられ、所望する色調に応じてそれぞれを配合することができる。これらは、2種以上組み合わせて使用しても良い。これら顔料の添加量は、ライニング組成物100重量部に対し、0.1〜50重量部添加することができる。また、ワックス類としては例えばパラフィンワックス、ポリエチレンワックス、マイクロスタイリンワックス、ステアリン酸などの高級脂肪酸が挙げられる。この中でも、パラフィンワックスの融点が40℃〜75℃までのもので、添加量を0.1〜5重量%の範囲で添加することができる。
【0020】
このほかにも、ライニング組成物には種々の添加剤を添加できる。添加剤とは改質剤、湿潤剤、分散剤、離型剤、消泡剤、揺変材などのことであるが、改質剤としては例えば、エラストマー、天然ゴム、ブタジエン系ゴムおよびスチレン−ブタジエン共重合体(SBR)、スチレン−ブタジエン−スチレンブロック共重合体(SBS)、スチレン−マレイン酸共重合体、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体などの共重合体、ポリメタクリル酸メチル、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリスチレンなどの熱可塑性樹脂などが挙げられる。また、これらの共重合体および熱可塑性樹脂はエステル化されていても良く、極性基がグラフトされていてもよい。また、エポキシ樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリアミドイミド樹脂およびこれらの誘導体を配合し物性を改良することもできる
【0021】
また、充填材や補強材との濡れ性を改良するため、例えばビックケミー社製BYKシリーズなどの市販の湿潤剤や分散剤を添加することができる。成形作業性を改良するためにはシリコン系オイルやステアリン酸亜鉛などの離型剤や消泡剤も添加でき、消泡剤としては例えば、シリコン系オイル、フッ素オイル、ポリカルボン酸系ポリマーなど公知の消泡剤が挙げられ、これら離型剤や消泡剤は通常ライニング組成物100重量部に対し0.001〜5重量部添加することができる。また、揺変材も添加できる。揺変材とは一般公知のものである。例えば、シリカヒューム(日本アエロジル(株)製 商品名:#200、R972、RX200など)、ベントナイトなどが挙げられる。また、シリカバルーン(デュポン社製 商品名Baomasil)も用いることができる。さらに、例えば楠本化成(株)製ディスパロンやBYK社から提供される有機揺変剤も用いることができる。メガファックMCF−300やメガファックF−178RM(大日本インキ化学製 商品名)パーフルオロアルキル基を含有する共重合体なども表面状態の改質には有効である。
これらの添加剤の添加量はライニング組成物100重量部に対して0.01〜20重量部とされる。0.01重量部よりも少ないと添加剤としての効果が十分に発現しない傾向があり、20重量部を越えると不飽和エステルの含有量が低下してしまうため、耐食性が低下してしまう傾向がある。
【0022】
本発明で用いることのできるカップリング剤としては、一般公知のシラン系カップリング剤が挙げられる。通常式YSiX(Yは官能基を有し、Siに結合する1価の基、Xは加水分解性を有しSiに結合する1価の基)で表される。上記Y中の官能基としては、例えばビニル、アミノ、エポキシ、クロロ、メルカプト、メタクリルオキシ、シアノ、カルバメート、ピリジン、スルホニルアジド、尿素、スチリル、クロロメチル、アンモニウム塩、アルコール等の基がある。Xとしては、例えばクロル、メトキシ、エトキシ、メトキシエトキシ等がある。
具体例としては、ビニルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリス(2−メトキシエトキシ)シラン、γ−(2−アミノエチル)−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−メタクリルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、N,N−ジメチルアミノフェニルトリエトキシシラン、メルカプトエチルトリエトキシシラン、メタクリルオキシエチルジメチル(3−トリメトキシシリルプロピル)アンモニウムクロライド、3−(N−スチリルメチル−2−アミノエチルアミノ)プロピルトリメトキシシラン塩酸塩等、ポリマータイプのポリシロキ酸誘導体化合物などが挙げられ,これらを混合して使用することも可能である。シラン系カップリング剤はライニング組成物100重量部に対し通常0.001〜5重量部添加する。
【0023】
前記の不飽和エステルの合成時に添加する重合禁止剤とは別に、ライニング組成物にはさらに公知の重合禁止剤を添加できる。例えば、ハイドロキノン、パラベンゾキノン、モノターシャリブチルハイドロキノン、1,4−ハイドロキノン、1,4−ナフトキノン、フェノチアジンなどが挙げられる。添加量は、ライニング組成物の常温ゲル化時間を約5〜120分程度に調整する目的で決まるもので、通常ライニング組成物100重量部に対して0.001〜5重量部添加する。
【0024】
(A)成分の樹脂組成物の粘度は、作業性を考慮し、通常50〜1000mPa・sの範囲とされる。好ましくは70〜800mPa・sであり、より好ましくは100〜500mPa・sである。
【0025】
本発明の土木建築用ライニング組成物には(B)充填材及び/又は補強材を含有させることが好ましい。
充填材及び/又は補強材のうち、充填材としては硅砂、川砂、寒水石、ガラスおよびこれらの微粉末、さらに炭酸カルシウム粉、クレー、窒化ケイ素、炭化ケイ素、アルミナ粉、タルク、シリカ粉末、硫酸バリウム、焼石膏、水酸化アルミニウム、珪酸アルミニウム、珪酸マグネシウム、雲母、フッ化アルミなどが挙げられる。また、木粉、ポリエステル、シリコーン、ポリスチレンアクリロニトリル−ブタジエン-スチレン(ABS)、塩化ビニリデン−ポリアクリロニトリルセルにイソブタンガスがコア内に封入された発泡性有機充填材((株)日本フェライト製 エクスパンセル)などの有機充填材も挙げられる。
【0026】
補強材としては、例えばガラス繊維、炭素繊維、金属繊維などの無機系補強材やアラミド繊維、ポリエステル繊維、ポリエチレンやポリプロピレンなどのオレフィン系繊維からなる補強材が挙げられる。好ましくはガラス繊維または炭素繊維補強材が挙げられる。これらの補強材の形態には、ストランドを引きそろえて束状にしたロービング、ロービングを織ったロービングクロス、ランダムコイル状の長繊維をマット状に成形したコンティニュアスストランドマット、長繊維をカットしたチョップドストランド、チョップドストランドをバインダーで接着しマット状に成形したチョップドストランドマット、サーフェイシングマット、綾織り状のマットまたはクロスとストランドを組み合わせた3次元ガラスマット(蝶理(株)製、商品名パラビーム)、不織布、コンティニュアスストランドやストランドを立体的に成形したプリフォームなどを挙げることができる。
【0027】
これら充填材及び補強材は、(A)成分の樹脂組成物100重量部に対して好ましくは1〜1000重量部、より好ましくは50〜600重量の範囲で用いることができる。1重量部未満ではライニング組成物として樹脂分が多くなりすぎるため、施工時に基材の表面保護膜として形成させることが困難となる傾向があり、また、1000重量部を超えると樹脂組成物の充填材や補強材の界面におけるバインダー(粘着剤)としての作用が低くなってしまい、ライニング材としての強度及び耐食性が低下する傾向がある。
【0028】
【実施例】
次に、本発明を実施例により詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれによって制限されるものではない。なお、例中、「部」及び「%」は、特に断らない限り、それぞれ「重量部」及び「重量%」を示すものとする。
【0029】
<合成例1:不飽和エステル(I)>
撹拌機、コンデンサ、ガス導入管及び温度計を取付けた2リットルの4つ口フラスコに、Ep−828(油化シェルエポキシ(株)製エピ−ビス型エポキシ樹脂)1017部、ハリダイマー200(ハリマ化成(株)製ダイマー酸)752部及びトリメチルベンジルアンモニウムクロリド4部を仕込み、110℃まで4時間かけて昇温し、さらに110℃で2時間加熱したところ酸価が2となった。その後、60℃まで冷却し、n−ラウリルメタクリレート100部、メタクリル酸210部及びヒドロキノン0.4部を加え、2時間で110℃まで更に昇温し、さらに110℃で6時間加熱して酸価が4の不飽和エステル(I)を得た。
【0030】
<合成例2:不飽和エステル(II)>
メタクリル酸411部、Ep−828、453部、Ep−1001、1136部(共に油化シェルエポキシ(株)製エピ−ビス型エポキシ樹脂)、ヒドロキノン0.4部及びトリメチルベンジルアンモニウムクロリド4部を100℃で10時間加熱して酸価15の不飽和エステル(II)を得た。
【0031】
<合成例3:不飽和エステル(III)>
撹拌機、コンデンサ、窒素ガス導入管及び温度計を取付けた2リットルの4つ口フラスコにプロピレングリコール380部、ネオペンチルグリコール624部、イソフタル酸747部を仕込み、窒素ガスをゆっくり流しながらマントルヒータを用いて1時間で150℃に昇温し、さらに6時間かけて220℃に昇温した。その温度で5時間保温し、酸価8の中間体を得た。冷却後これに無水マレイン酸539部を仕込み、1時間で150℃に昇温し、さらに4時間かけて210℃に昇温した。その温度で保温しながら反応を進め、酸価25の不飽和エステル(III)を得た。
【0032】
実施例1〜5及び比較例1〜5
上記不飽和エステル(I)〜(III)に対し、表1に示す各材料を配合しライニング組成物を調製した。なお、全ての実験は樹脂液温度及び室温を25℃に調整してから行った。
(1)粘度
JIS K6901に準拠し、B型粘度計を使用して25℃におけるライニング組成物の粘度を測定した。
(2)常温ゲル化時間
JIS K6901に準拠し測定した。
(3)充填材の沈降性評価
表2に示すライニング組成物(表1に示すライニング組成物1〜7の少なくとも1種に表2に示す他の成分を混合したもの。)をJIS R5201に規定された三連モルタル型枠へ流し込み、25℃で24時間硬化させ、4cm×4cm×12cmの硬化試験片を得た。この試験片の長手方向の中央部で切断し、断面を観察して、硅砂の沈降具合を目視で観察した。骨材が均一に分散しているものを○、断面の底層部に骨材が沈降し、偏在が認められるものを×とした。
(4)塗布ムラの評価
表2に示すライニング組成物(表1に示すライニング組成物1〜7の少なくとも1種に表2に示す他の成分を混合したもの。)をコンクリート歩道板上に厚さ3mmになるようにコテで塗布し、表面の凹凸の発生具合を目視観察した。
(5)含浸作業性の評価
各ライニング組成物(表1に示すライニング組成物1〜7の少なくとも1種に表2に示す他の成分を混合したもの。)を300×300×60mmのコンクリート歩道板の表面に、日東紡(株)製ガラスマット(MC−450N)3プライをFRP用脱法ロールで塗布する作業を無作為に抽出した5名に行わせ、その含浸作業性について5点法で評価させた。含浸作業性に優れるものを5点、劣るものは1点とし、その平均点をとった。
(6)耐ヒートサイクル性の評価
塗布ムラの評価で作製したライニング付コンクリート歩道板を、−20℃×1時間(冷凍庫)/80℃×1時間(熱水浸漬)を1サイクルとするヒートサイクル試験を10サイクル行い、ライニングが剥離するか評価した。剥離していないものを○、剥離したものを×とした。
【0033】
【表1】
【0034】
【表2】
【0035】
【発明の効果】
本発明のライニング組成物は、充填材の沈降が抑えられ、硬化物中の充填材及び/又は補強材の偏りが少ないため塗布ムラが発生せず、しかも耐ヒートサイクル性に優れたライニング構造体が得られる。また、充填材及び/又は補強材への含浸作業性にも優れている。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, there is little sedimentation of particulate and / or fibrous fillers suitable for coating various base materials such as concrete, wood, steel, etc. on site and in the field. The present invention relates to a lining composition for civil engineering and building excellent in properties and a civil engineering and building structure using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
There are many structures or structures using metal materials such as concrete and iron in the field of construction and civil engineering. However, there is a problem that this concrete and iron deteriorate over time. Examples of structures that have recently become problematic using these materials include tunnels, piers, drains, floors, water and sewage pipes, gas pipes, and oil pipes. Various linings using thermosetting resins such as epoxy resin, urethane resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin are used for the purpose of preventing deterioration of these structures or existing structures that have deteriorated. It has been subjected. Of these thermosetting resins, epoxy resins and vinyl ester resins having good corrosion resistance are often used. However, there is an increasing demand for vinyl ester resins having excellent curability even at relatively low temperatures. This vinyl ester resin-based lining composition is added with cinnabar sand, glass beads, glass flakes and the like, which are usually called fillers, and is lined using equipment such as a trowel, a roll, and a spray. However, since the specific gravity of these fillers is generally larger than that of the resin, there is a problem that they are settled and unevenly distributed in the resin. Therefore, for the purpose of suppressing sedimentation of the filler, such as adjusting the shape and particle size of the filler, imparting thixotropic properties to the resin composition, shortening the curing time, or increasing the viscosity of the composition, etc. Although the technique is used, there are problems that uneven coating still occurs, polymerization occurs before lining, or workability is lowered because the viscosity of the lining composition is increased. However, the reality is that there has been little effort to address this issue. On the other hand, when a lining is laid on the surface of a substrate using, for example, a glass mat as a reinforcing material, it may be difficult to impregnate depending on the composition of the lining composition, and workability may be poor. Therefore, a resin excellent in impregnation workability has been desired.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention provides a lining composition for civil engineering and construction, in which the filler does not easily settle and is excellent in workability of impregnation into the filler and / or reinforcing material.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies by the inventors with respect to the above problems, it has been found that the above problems can be solved by blending a specific acrylate and / or methacrylate, and the present invention has been completed based on this finding.
That is, the present invention relates to (A) (a) epoxy resin (1.0 epoxy equivalent), 0.2 to 0.6 equivalent of unsaturated monobasic acid, and 0.8 to 0.002 dibasic acid having 12 or more carbon atoms. 5 to 60% by weight of unsaturated ester obtained by reacting 4 equivalents, (b) general formula (I)
[Chemical 2]
[Wherein R represents hydrogen or a methyl group, and n represents an integer from 10 to 25] 3 to 15% by weight of acrylate and / or methacrylate, and (c) ethylenic components other than the component (b) The present invention relates to a lining composition for civil engineering and construction containing a resin composition comprising 25 to 92% by weight of an unsaturated monomer.
Moreover, this invention relates to the said lining composition for civil engineering buildings containing (B) a filler and / or a reinforcing material.
Moreover, this invention relates to the said lining composition for civil engineering constructions whose said (c) ethylenically unsaturated monomer contains 10-25 weight% of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and / or 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate.
In addition, the present invention provides 0.01 to 10% by weight of an amine accelerator and / or 0.0 to 5% by weight of the resin composition of the component (A) based on the resin composition of the component (A). The present invention relates to the above-mentioned lining composition for civil engineering and construction containing a polyvalent metal salt and / or a complex thereof.
Moreover, this invention relates to the civil engineering building structure by which the protective layer was formed in the surface using said lining composition for civil engineering architecture.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The resin composition of component (A) of the present invention is composed of the components (a), (b) and (c) described above, but as an epoxy resin used as a raw material for the unsaturated ester of component (a). Is not particularly limited, for example, the following general formula
[Chemical Formula 3]
[Wherein x is an integer in the range of 0-15. ] Is used.
As commercially available products, Epicoat 828, Epicoat 1001, Epicoat 1004, AER-664H, AER-331, AER-337 manufactured by Asahi Kasei Epoxy Co., Ltd. E. R. 330, D.E. E. R. 660, D.E. E. R. 664. A type in which a part of hydrogen atoms of the epoxy resin is substituted with halogen (for example, bromine) can also be used. Examples of this type of commercial product include Etototo YDB-400, YDB-340, manufactured by Toto Kasei Co., Ltd., Sumiepoxy ESB-340, ESB-400, ESB-500, ESB-700, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Dow D. Chemical Co., Ltd. E. R. 542, D.M. E. R. 511, D.E. E. R. 580, Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd. 1045, 1050, 1046, DX-248, etc.
In addition, the following general formula
[Formula 4]
[In the formula, R 1 , R 2 And R 3 Each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and x is an integer in the range of 0 to 15]. Examples of commercially available products include D.C. E. N. 431, D.D. E. N. 438, Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd. Epicoat 152, Epikote 154, Asahi Ciba Co., Ltd. EPN1138, and the like. Further, CY208, CY221, CY350, XB2615, CY192, CY184, etc. manufactured by Nagase Ciba Co., Ltd. are also used.
These epoxy resins can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In order to improve workability, known low-viscosity epoxy resins such as epi-bis type epoxy resins, phenol novolac type epoxy resins, cresol novolac type epoxy resins, and bisphenol F type and aliphatic epoxy resins are known. Can also be used in combination.
[0006]
Unsaturated monobasic acid to be reacted with epoxy resin is acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, cinnamic acid, tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2,6 ] Partially esterified carboxylic acid containing a 4-decene-8 or 9 residue and an unsaturated dibasic acid residue as constituents can be used. Examples of partially esterified carboxylic acids include 8 or 9-hydroxytricyclodecene-4- [5.2.1.0 2,6 ] Unsaturated dibasic acid obtained by heating 1.0 to 1.2 mol and 1 mol of unsaturated dibasic acid such as maleic anhydride, itaconic acid and citraconic acid to 70 to 150 ° C under an inert gas stream There is a monoester.
[0007]
Tricyclodecadiene-4,8- [5.2.1.0 2,6 It is also possible to use an unsaturated dibasic acid monoester obtained by adding an unsaturated dibasic acid such as maleic acid, fumaric acid or itaconic acid in the presence of a catalyst such as sulfuric acid or Lewis acid.
Taking maleic acid as an example, it is as follows.
[Chemical formula 5]
[0008]
Of these unsaturated monobasic acids, preferably acrylic acid and methacrylic acid are preferable from the viewpoint of the reactivity of the composition, and more preferably methacrylic acid.
[0009]
In addition, todecanedioic acid is a dibasic acid having 12 or more, preferably 12 to 100 carbon atoms to be reacted with an epoxy resin, SLB-12 manufactured by Okamura Oil Co., Ltd. is used as a commercial product, ULB-20 (also made by Okamura Oil Co., Ltd.) which is a mixture of isomers of saturated dibasic acids, SL-20 (also made by Okamura Oil Co., Ltd.) which is a mixture mainly composed of saturated dibasic acids having 20 carbon atoms, Commercially available unsaturated dibasic acids include Versadim 216, Versadim 288 (Henkel Japan Co., Ltd.), Haridimer 200 (Harima Kasei Co., Ltd.) and the like.
[0010]
These epoxy resins, unsaturated monobasic acids, and dibasic acids having 12 or more carbon atoms are 0.2 to 0.6 equivalents of unsaturated monobasic acids, preferably 0. 3 to 0.55 equivalent, and 0.8 to 0.4 equivalent of dibasic acid having 12 or more carbon atoms, preferably 0.7 to 0.45 equivalent, preferably 60 to 150 ° C., more preferably 70 to The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 130 ° C. to give an unsaturated ester. The formation of the unsaturated ester can be determined by quantifying the carboxyl groups of the unsaturated monobasic acid and dibasic acid and using the acid value. The acid value is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 15 or less.
[0011]
In the reaction, it is preferable to use a polymerization inhibitor such as hydroquinone, parabenzoquinone, p-tertiary butyl catechol, hydroquinone monomethyl ether, hydroxylamine hydrochloride or the like in order to prevent gelation by polymerization.
[0012]
In this esterification reaction, quaternary ammonium salts such as trimethylbenzylammonium chloride and pyridinium chloride, tertiary amines such as triethylamine and dimethylaniline, ferric chloride, lithium hydroxide, lithium chloride, secondary chloride. The reaction time can also be shortened using an esterification catalyst such as tin.
[0013]
Moreover, as an industrially available thing of the acrylate and / or methacrylate shown by general formula (I) of (b) component, for example, n-decyl (meth) acrylate, n-lauryl (meth) acrylate, tridecyl Examples include methacrylate and n-stearyl methacrylate. When n is less than 10, the effect of improving the sedimentation property of the aggregate is lowered. When n is more than 25, compatibility with the lining composition is lowered and the viscosity is increased, so that workability is deteriorated. The amount of the compound represented by the general formula (I) is preferably 3 to 15% by weight, more preferably 4 to 10% by weight, based on the total amount of (a), (b) and (c). . If it is less than 3% by weight, the effect of controlling the sedimentation of the filler is low, and if it exceeds 15% by weight, the mechanical strength when cured is not maintained.
[0014]
(C) Ethylenically unsaturated monomers other than the component (b) include styrene, vinyltoluene, α-methylstyrene, chlorostyrene, dichlorostyrene, divinylbenzene, t-butylstyrene, methyl acrylate, acrylic acid Acrylic acid alkyl esters such as ethyl, butyl acrylate, β-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, β-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, etc. Methacrylic acid alkyl ester, acrylamide, phenylmaleimide, maleimide, vinyl acetate, diallyl phthalate, triallyl cyanurate, acrylonitrile, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate Acrylate of polyhydric alcohol such as rate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, polyhydric alcohol such as neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, pentaerythritol tetramethacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentamethacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexamethacrylate (Meth) acrylic acid esters and the like. Examples include dicyclopentenyloxyethyl methacrylate, dicyclopentenyloxyisopropyl methacrylate, dicyclopentenyloxyisopropyl acrylate, dicyclopentenyloxyneopentyl methacrylate, and dicyclopentenyloxyneopentyl acrylate. Of these, styrene is preferable from the viewpoint of curability and economy, and dicyclopentenyloxyethyl acrylate or dicyclopentenyloxyethyl methacrylate is preferable from the viewpoint of odor. Moreover, in order to provide a softness | flexibility, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and / or 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate are preferable. These ethylenically unsaturated monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and (c) the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is 25 to 25 with respect to the total amount of (a), (b) and (c). It can be used in the range of 92% by weight. (C) When the content of the ethylenically polymerizable monomer exceeds 92% by weight, the properties such as flexibility and corrosion resistance tend to decrease. When the content is less than 25% by weight, the viscosity of the lining composition becomes too high. There is a tendency to become poor. Preferred examples of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer include styrene, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate. It is preferable to use these in combination from the viewpoints of curability and economy, and use 20 to 60% by weight of styrene and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and / or 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate in a range of 5 to 32% by weight. Is more preferable.
[0015]
The amine accelerator is a compound having an amino group, an alkylamino group, a dialkylamino group, a hydroxyalkylamino group, a di (hydroxyalkyl) amino group, or the like, specifically, aniline, N, N-dimethylaniline, N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine, N, N-di (hydroxyethyl) -p-toluidine, N, N-di (hydroxyethyl) -m-toluidine, N, N-di (hydroxypropyl) -p- One or more types of toluidine, dimethylacetamide, diethylacetamide, dipropylacetamide, N, N-dimethylacetoacetamide and the like can be used in a range of 0.01 to 10% by weight based on the lining composition. If it is less than 0.01% by weight, the accelerating effect is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 10% by weight, the plastic effect is exerted and the strength of the cured product is lowered, which is not preferable. A compound having a dialkylamino group such as dimethylacetamide, diethylacetamide, dipropylacetamide, N, N-dimethylacetoacetamide and the like is preferable from the viewpoint of curability at low temperature.
[0016]
As the polyvalent metal salt and / or complex, what is generally called a desiccant (dryer), a metal salt of a higher fatty acid is well known. For example, it is a polyvalent metal salt of naphthenic acid or octenoic acid, and the polyvalent metal indicates calcium, copper, zirconium, manganese, cobalt, lead, iron, vanadium, or the like. Particularly preferred are cobalt octylate and cobalt naphthenate. As the complex, a complex of acetylacetone is well known, and examples thereof include cobalt acetylacetonate and manganese acetylacetonate. Although these are used in the range of 0.01 to 5% by weight with respect to the lining composition, they exhibit a function of promoting the action of the organic peroxide, and if less than 0.01% by weight, the effect is not sufficient, Even if it exceeds 5% by weight, no further effect is exhibited.
[0017]
The lining composition of the present invention can be cured with an organic peroxide. Examples thereof include benzoyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide and the like, and it is preferably used in the range of 0.1 to 10% by weight with respect to the lining composition. If it is less than 0.1% by weight, the amount of radicals generated by cleavage of the organic peroxide becomes insufficient, and the lining composition may not be completely cured. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10% by weight, the organic peroxide itself and the diluent contained therein exhibit the function of a plasticizer, and the cured product tends to be too soft than designed.
[0018]
The lining composition of the present invention can also be cured by light. Curing by light is performed by adding a photoinitiator such as benzophenone, benzyl, Michler ketone, thioxanthone, anthraquinone, benzoin ether, methoxyacetophenone, etc., preferably in the range of 0.1 to 5% by weight to the lining composition, This is performed by irradiating with light using an ultraviolet lamp or the like.
[0019]
Coloring agents and waxes can be added to the lining composition of the present invention. Examples of the colorant include inorganic pigments such as titanium dioxide, cobalt blue, and cadmium yellow, and organic pigments such as carbon black, aniline black, β-naphthol, phthalocyanine, quinacridone, azo, quinophthalone, and indanthrene blue. Each can be blended according to the color tone to be performed. You may use these in combination of 2 or more types. The added amount of these pigments can be 0.1 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the lining composition. Examples of waxes include higher fatty acids such as paraffin wax, polyethylene wax, microstylin wax, and stearic acid. Among these, the melting point of the paraffin wax is 40 ° C. to 75 ° C., and the addition amount can be added in the range of 0.1 to 5% by weight.
[0020]
In addition, various additives can be added to the lining composition. Additives include modifiers, wetting agents, dispersants, mold release agents, antifoaming agents, thixotropic agents, etc. Examples of modifiers include elastomers, natural rubber, butadiene rubber and styrene- Copolymers such as butadiene copolymer (SBR), styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), styrene-maleic acid copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl acetate And thermoplastic resins such as polystyrene. Moreover, these copolymers and thermoplastic resins may be esterified, and polar groups may be grafted. In addition, physical properties can be improved by blending epoxy resin, urethane resin, polyester resin, unsaturated polyester resin, silicone resin, phenol resin, polyimide resin, polyamide resin, polyamideimide resin and derivatives thereof.
[0021]
Moreover, in order to improve the wettability with a filler or a reinforcing material, for example, a commercially available wetting agent or dispersing agent such as BYK series manufactured by Big Chemie can be added. In order to improve molding workability, release agents and antifoaming agents such as silicone oil and zinc stearate can be added. Examples of antifoaming agents include silicone oil, fluorine oil, and polycarboxylic acid polymers. These defoaming agents can be added in an amount of 0.001 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the lining composition. A thixotropic material can also be added. The thixotropic material is generally known. Examples thereof include silica fume (trade name: # 200, R972, RX200, etc., manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), bentonite, and the like. Silica balloon (trade name Baomasil manufactured by DuPont) can also be used. Further, for example, Dispalon manufactured by Enomoto Kasei Co., Ltd. or an organic thixotropic agent provided by BYK can be used. Megafac MCF-300 and Megafac F-178RM (trade name, manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals) Copolymers containing perfluoroalkyl groups are also effective in modifying the surface state.
The addition amount of these additives is 0.01 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the lining composition. If the amount is less than 0.01 parts by weight, the effect as an additive tends not to be sufficiently exhibited. If the amount exceeds 20 parts by weight, the content of the unsaturated ester is lowered, and thus the corrosion resistance tends to be lowered. is there.
[0022]
Examples of the coupling agent that can be used in the present invention include generally known silane coupling agents. It is usually represented by the formula YSiX (Y is a monovalent group having a functional group and bonded to Si, and X is a monovalent group having hydrolyzability and bonded to Si). Examples of the functional group in Y include groups such as vinyl, amino, epoxy, chloro, mercapto, methacryloxy, cyano, carbamate, pyridine, sulfonyl azide, urea, styryl, chloromethyl, ammonium salt and alcohol. Examples of X include chloro, methoxy, ethoxy, methoxyethoxy and the like.
Specific examples include vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltris (2-methoxyethoxy) silane, γ- (2-aminoethyl) -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxy. Silane, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, N, N-dimethylaminophenyltriethoxysilane, mercaptoethyltriethoxysilane, methacryloxyethyldimethyl (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) ammonium chloride, 3- (N-styrylmethyl) Polymer type polysiloxy acid derivative compounds such as -2-aminoethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane hydrochloride and the like can be mentioned, and these can also be used as a mixture. The silane coupling agent is usually added in an amount of 0.001 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the lining composition.
[0023]
In addition to the polymerization inhibitor added during the synthesis of the unsaturated ester, a known polymerization inhibitor can be further added to the lining composition. For example, hydroquinone, parabenzoquinone, monotertiarybutyl hydroquinone, 1,4-hydroquinone, 1,4-naphthoquinone, phenothiazine and the like can be mentioned. The addition amount is determined for the purpose of adjusting the normal temperature gelation time of the lining composition to about 5 to 120 minutes, and is usually added in an amount of 0.001 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the lining composition.
[0024]
The viscosity of the resin composition of component (A) is usually in the range of 50 to 1000 mPa · s in consideration of workability. Preferably it is 70-800 mPa * s, More preferably, it is 100-500 mPa * s.
[0025]
The lining composition for civil engineering and construction of the present invention preferably contains (B) a filler and / or a reinforcing material.
Among the fillers and / or reinforcing materials, the fillers include dredged sand, river sand, cryolite, glass and fine powders thereof, calcium carbonate powder, clay, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, alumina powder, talc, silica powder, sulfuric acid Examples include barium, calcined gypsum, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, mica, and aluminum fluoride. In addition, expandable organic fillers made of wood powder, polyester, silicone, polystyrene acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), vinylidene chloride-polyacrylonitrile cells and isobutane gas sealed in the core (Expancel made by Nippon Ferrite Co., Ltd.) ) And other organic fillers.
[0026]
Examples of the reinforcing material include inorganic reinforcing materials such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, and metal fibers, and reinforcing materials made of aramid fibers, polyester fibers, and olefin fibers such as polyethylene and polypropylene. Preferably, glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforcing material is used. These reinforcing materials include rovings in which strands are bundled together, roving cloths woven with rovings, continuous strand mats in which random coil-shaped long fibers are formed into mats, and long fibers are cut. Chopped strands, chopped strand mats made by bonding chopped strands with a binder, molded into mats, surface mats, twilled mats, or three-dimensional glass mats combining cloth and strands (trade name Para-Beam, manufactured by Chori Corporation) ), Non-woven fabrics, continuous strands and preforms formed by three-dimensionally forming strands.
[0027]
These fillers and reinforcing materials can be used in an amount of preferably 1 to 1000 parts by weight, more preferably 50 to 600 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin composition of component (A). If the amount is less than 1 part by weight, the resin content of the lining composition is excessive, so that it tends to be difficult to form a surface protective film on the base material during construction. If the amount exceeds 1000 parts by weight, the resin composition is filled. The action as a binder (adhesive) at the interface between the material and the reinforcing material is lowered, and the strength and corrosion resistance as the lining material tend to be lowered.
[0028]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is not restrict | limited by this. In the examples, “parts” and “%” represent “parts by weight” and “% by weight”, respectively, unless otherwise specified.
[0029]
<Synthesis Example 1: Unsaturated Ester (I)>
In a 2 liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a condenser, a gas introduction tube and a thermometer, 1017 parts of Ep-828 (Epi-bis type epoxy resin manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd.) and Haridimer 200 (Harima Kasei) Dimer acid (made by Co., Ltd.) 752 parts and 4 parts of trimethylbenzylammonium chloride were charged, heated to 110 ° C. over 4 hours, and further heated at 110 ° C. for 2 hours, resulting in an acid value of 2. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to 60 ° C., 100 parts of n-lauryl methacrylate, 210 parts of methacrylic acid and 0.4 part of hydroquinone were added, the temperature was further raised to 110 ° C. in 2 hours, and the acid value was further heated at 110 ° C. for 6 hours. Gave 4 unsaturated ester (I).
[0030]
<Synthesis Example 2: Unsaturated Ester (II)>
100 parts of 411 parts of methacrylic acid, Ep-828, 453 parts, Ep-1001, 1136 parts (both Epi-bis type epoxy resins manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd.), 0.4 parts of hydroquinone and 4 parts of trimethylbenzylammonium chloride Heating at 10 ° C. for 10 hours gave an unsaturated ester (II) having an acid value of 15.
[0031]
<Synthesis Example 3: Unsaturated Ester (III)>
Propylene glycol 380 parts, neopentyl glycol 624 parts, isophthalic acid 747 parts are charged into a 2 liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, condenser, nitrogen gas inlet tube and thermometer, and the mantle heater is turned on while slowly flowing nitrogen gas. The temperature was raised to 150 ° C. in 1 hour, and further raised to 220 ° C. over 6 hours. The mixture was kept at that temperature for 5 hours to obtain an intermediate having an acid value of 8. After cooling, 539 parts of maleic anhydride was added thereto, the temperature was raised to 150 ° C. over 1 hour, and further raised to 210 ° C. over 4 hours. The reaction was allowed to proceed while keeping the temperature to obtain an unsaturated ester (III) having an acid value of 25.
[0032]
Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5
Each material shown in Table 1 was blended with the unsaturated esters (I) to (III) to prepare lining compositions. All experiments were conducted after adjusting the resin solution temperature and room temperature to 25 ° C.
(1) Viscosity
According to JIS K6901, the viscosity of the lining composition at 25 ° C. was measured using a B-type viscometer.
(2) Room temperature gelation time
Measured according to JIS K6901.
(3) Settling property evaluation of filler
Pour the lining composition shown in Table 2 (mixing at least one of the lining compositions 1 to 7 shown in Table 1 with the other components shown in Table 2) into the triple mortar form defined in JIS R5201. And cured at 25 ° C. for 24 hours to obtain a 4 cm × 4 cm × 12 cm cured test piece. It cut | disconnected in the center part of the longitudinal direction of this test piece, the cross section was observed, and the sedimentation condition of dredged sand was observed visually. The case where the aggregate was uniformly dispersed was indicated as “◯”, and the case where the aggregate was settled in the bottom layer portion of the cross section and uneven distribution was observed was indicated as “X”.
(4) Evaluation of coating unevenness
The lining composition shown in Table 2 (mixed with at least one of the lining compositions 1 to 7 shown in Table 1 and other ingredients shown in Table 2) was coated on the concrete sidewalk board to a thickness of 3 mm. And the appearance of surface irregularities was visually observed.
(5) Evaluation of impregnation workability
Each lining composition (mixed with at least one of the lining compositions 1 to 7 shown in Table 1 and the other components shown in Table 2) is placed on the surface of a concrete sidewalk board of 300 × 300 × 60 mm, and Nittobo ( Five people randomly selected to apply a glass mat (MC-450N) 3 ply manufactured by Co., Ltd. with a developing roll for FRP, and the impregnation workability was evaluated by a five-point method. Five points were given for excellent impregnation workability, and one point for poor ones, and the average was taken.
(6) Evaluation of heat cycle resistance
The lining concrete sidewalk board produced by the evaluation of coating unevenness is subjected to 10 cycles of a heat cycle test of -20 ° C. × 1 hour (freezer) / 80 ° C. × 1 hour (hot water immersion), and the lining peels off. I evaluated it. Those that were not peeled were marked with ◯, and those that were peeled off were marked with ×.
[0033]
[Table 1]
[0034]
[Table 2]
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
The lining composition of the present invention is a lining structure in which sedimentation of the filler is suppressed, there is little unevenness of the filler and / or reinforcing material in the cured product, and coating unevenness does not occur, and the heat cycle resistance is excellent. Is obtained. Moreover, the workability of impregnation into the filler and / or reinforcing material is also excellent.
Claims (5)
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| JP4834998B2 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2011-12-14 | Dic株式会社 | Coating material |
| CN102821940A (en) * | 2010-02-17 | 2012-12-12 | 亨利有限责任公司 | Microbial-reducing architectural barriers, compositions for forming such barriers, and related methods |
| JP7112188B2 (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2022-08-03 | 昭和電工建材株式会社 | Anti-corrosion method for concrete structures |
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