JP4857802B2 - Rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for reducing an induced voltage of a rotating electrical machine, and more particularly, a technique for reducing a magnetic flux flowing in a magnetic circuit formed between a rotor of a rotating electrical machine and a stator of the rotating electrical machine by short-circuiting a magnetic flux of a permanent magnet. It is about.

A rotating electric machine including a permanent magnet has a problem that an induced voltage becomes high when the rotor rotates at a high speed. That is, when the induced voltage becomes high, it becomes impossible to control the operation of the rotating electrical machine by the inverter, or a voltage exceeding the withstand voltage performance of the inverter acts on the inverter and adversely affects the semiconductor elements inside the inverter.
For this reason, as an invention for suppressing the induced voltage by short-circuiting the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet when the rotor rotates at a high speed, a conventional one disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example, is known.
In the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine described in Patent Document 1, a movable magnetic body is installed in the vicinity of the permanent magnet, and when the rotor rotates at high speed, the movable magnetic body is brought into close contact with the permanent magnet, thereby generating the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet. The induced voltage is suppressed by short-circuiting.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-308200

  However, the conventional rotating electric machine has the following problems. That is, the force necessary to move the movable magnetic body forward and backward cannot be used for any other purpose and is not effectively used.

Further, in Patent Document 1, a movable magnetic body provided on a rotor is attached to a central portion of a rotor via an elastic member that expands and contracts in the radial direction. It discloses a structure in which a movable magnetic body is in close contact with a permanent magnet by overcoming an elastic force.
However, according to this configuration, since the centrifugal force is proportional to the rotational speed, the induced voltage cannot be suppressed regardless of the rotational speed of the rotor. In other words, even if it is necessary to suppress the induced voltage and maintain the electrical circuit for some reason, such as when the battery or inverter is abnormal or the temperature of the electrical circuit connecting the battery, rotating electrical machine, and inverter is increased, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet There are concerns that can not be short circuited.

  In view of the above situation, the present invention can effectively use the force used to move the movable magnetic body, and can short-circuit the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet in any operation state regardless of the rotor rotational speed. We propose a rotating electrical machine that can be used.

For this purpose, the rotating electrical machine according to the invention is as described in claim 1,
In a rotating electrical machine that provides a rotor with a plurality of permanent magnets, a coil in a stator, and generates a rotor torque for driving the rotor between the rotor and the stator,
The rotor comprises a first rotor and a second rotor;
Providing a permanent magnet short-circuit mechanism for short-circuiting the magnetic flux between the plurality of permanent magnets provided in the first rotor;
The permanent magnet short-circuit mechanism is configured to operate using a second rotor torque generated between the second rotor and the stator.

According to the configuration of the present invention, since the permanent magnet short-circuit mechanism is operated using the second rotor torque that is a part of the rotor torque for driving the rotor, the force for operating the permanent magnet short-circuit mechanism is used. The rotor can also be driven, and the force for operating the permanent magnet short-circuit mechanism can be used effectively.
Furthermore, according to the structure of this invention, it becomes possible to operate a permanent magnet short circuit mechanism irrespective of a rotor rotational speed by increasing / decreasing a 2nd rotor torque. Therefore, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet can be short-circuited in any operating state regardless of the rotor speed, and the induced voltage can be arbitrarily suppressed when necessary, such as when the battery is abnormal or the temperature of the electric circuit is rising. Can do.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on examples shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of an example of a magnetic flux short-circuit mechanism included in a rotating electrical machine of the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) shows a state where magnetic fluxes between permanent magnets are not short-circuited, and FIG. The state which short-circuited the magnetic flux is shown.
The rotating electrical machine of the present invention includes two rotors, a cylindrical first rotor 1 and a second rotor (not shown) as rotors. The first rotor 1 is a main component that generates torque (rotor torque) of the rotating electrical machine. The rotor torque of the second rotor is smaller than the rotor torque of the first rotor 1.
In both the (a) state and the (b) state, the rotating electrical machine of the present invention generates a rotor torque (first rotor torque) of the first rotor 1 and a rotor torque (second rotor torque) of the second rotor. Output from a rotor rotation shaft not shown in FIG.

Inside the first rotor 1, a plurality of permanent magnets 3 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Then, both ends of the permanent magnet 3 in the rotor axial direction are made to coincide with the surface of the first rotor 1. In addition to the example illustrated in FIG. 1, a permanent magnet may be disposed on the cylindrical surface of the first rotor 1.
A magnetic body 4 is disposed in the vicinity of the first rotor 1. The magnetic body 4 has an annular shape, and its center is common to the rotor axis. The magnetic body 4 is a part of a magnetic flux short-circuit mechanism that short-circuits the magnetic flux between the same permanent magnets 3. Note that the second rotor may be formed of a magnetic material, and the magnetic material 4 shown in FIG. 1 may also be used as the second rotor.

  The surface of the magnetic body 4 facing the first rotor is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the first rotor 1. Similarly, the surface of the first rotor 1 facing the magnetic body 4 is also a plane perpendicular to the axis of the first rotor 1.

The rotating electrical machine of the present invention includes a magnetic body moving means described later. When the first rotor 1 as the main rotor is rotating at a high speed exceeding a predetermined speed, the magnetic body 4 is indicated by a downward arrow on the paper of FIG. Move to the first rotor 1 side. Then, the magnetic body 4 is brought into contact with the first rotor 1 as shown in FIG.
While the magnetic body 4 is in contact with the first rotor 1, the magnetic body 4 short-circuits the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 3 and 3 as indicated by a two-dot chain line (virtual line) in FIG. If it does so, the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit which the 1st rotor 1 forms between the stators which are not shown in figure will reduce, and the induced voltage which generate | occur | produces in a stator coil can be reduced.

  Here, as a power source for moving the magnetic body 4 to the first rotor 1 side as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 1A, the magnetic body moving means described later uses the second rotor torque. Further, while the magnetic body 4 is pressed against the first rotor 1 using the second rotor torque and the state shown in FIG. 1B is maintained, the second rotor torque is output from the rotor rotation shaft not shown in FIG. The

  As described above, the rotating electrical machine of the present invention includes the magnetic body 4 that short-circuits the magnetic flux between the plurality of permanent magnets 3 and 3, and the magnetic body movement that changes the distance between the magnetic body 4 and the first rotor 1 by the second rotor torque. And a magnetic flux short-circuit mechanism. When the first rotor 1 rotates at a high speed, the magnetic flux short-circuit mechanism contacts the magnetic body 4 with the first rotor 1 to reduce the induced voltage.

  Note that the magnetic flux short-circuit mechanism of the present invention for short-circuiting the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 3 and 3 can be realized by several forms in addition to the example shown in FIG.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an outline of another example of a magnetic flux short-circuit mechanism, where (a) shows a state where the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets is not short-circuited, and (b) shows a state where the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets is short-circuited. Indicates. In FIG. 2, constituent elements having the same functions as those of the constituent elements shown in FIG.

In this example, a part of the magnetic body 4 is protruded toward the first rotor 1 to provide the magnetic body protrusion 4t. Since the first rotor 1 is provided with the four permanent magnets 3, the same number of magnetic body protrusions 4 t are also erected on the magnetic body 4.
The tip of the magnetic protrusion 4t is formed in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the first rotor 1.
When the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 3 and 3 is short-circuited, the magnetic body moving means, which will be described later, moves the magnetic body 4 toward the first rotor 1 as indicated by the downward arrow on the paper of FIG. As shown in FIG. 2B, the tips of the magnetic body projecting portions 4 t are brought into contact with the plurality of permanent magnets 3 provided on the first rotor 1.
As described above, since the tip of the magnetic body protrusion 4t is formed into a flat surface, the magnetic body protrusion 4t reliably contacts the permanent magnet 3 and short-circuits the magnetic flux between the plurality of permanent magnets 3 and 3. .

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an outline of a magnetic flux short-circuit mechanism as still another example, (a) shows a state where the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets is not short-circuited, and (b) shows a short-circuited magnetic flux between the permanent magnets. Indicates the state. In FIG. 3, components having the same functions as those shown in FIG.

In this example, a configuration in which a part of the magnetic body 4 protrudes toward the first rotor 1 and the magnetic body protrusion 4t is provided is common. Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, the configuration in which the tip of the magnetic body protruding portion 4t is brought into contact with the permanent magnet 3 to short-circuit the magnetic flux is the same (same as in FIG. 2B).
However, in a state where no short circuit occurs, the configuration is different in that the tip of the magnetic body protruding portion 4t is disposed away from the permanent magnet 3 as shown in FIG. In other words, the circumferential position of the magnetic body 4t is defined so that when extending in the rotor axial direction from the magnetic body protruding portion 4t, the permanent magnets 3 and 3 pass between the permanent magnets 3 and 3 when not short-circuited.

  When the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 3 and 3 is short-circuited, a magnetic body moving means described later rotates the magnetic body 4 as shown by a circumferential arrow in FIG. The magnetic body 4 is moved toward the first rotor 1 as indicated by a downward arrow on the top, and a plurality of magnetic body protrusions 4t are provided at the front end of the first rotor 1 as shown in FIG. Contact the permanent magnet 3.

  When the short circuit is stopped and the normal state is restored, the movement opposite to the above movement is performed in any of the examples shown in FIGS.

Next, a magnetic flux short-circuit mechanism provided in the rotating electrical machine of the present invention will be described based on a more specific embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the rotary electric machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention in a cross section in a plane including the rotor axis.
This embodiment is a rotating electrical machine having a radial gap structure in which a stator and a rotor are arranged in the rotor radial direction.
As shown in FIG. 4, the rotating electrical machine of the first embodiment includes a first stator 5 and a second stator 6 as shown in FIG. 4. The first stator 5 is disposed on the rotor outer diameter side of the first rotor 1. That is, the rotating electrical machine of the first embodiment is an inner rotor type rotating electrical machine.
The second stator 6 is disposed in the rotor outer diameter direction of the second rotor 2.

  A plurality of stator cores 8 of the first stator 5 are arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the case 7 forming the outer shell of the rotating electrical machine. Then, one side of the stator core 8 is fixed to the inner wall of the case 7, and the other side of the stator core 8 is protruded toward the rotor inner diameter direction and is directed to the outer periphery of the first rotor 1. A coil 9 is wound between both sides of each stator core 8.

A rotor rotating shaft 10 is integrally coupled to the center of the first rotor 1. The case 7 supports the rotor rotating shaft 10 so as to be rotatable through bearings at least at two positions on both sides of the rotor rotating shaft 10.
As described above, a plurality of permanent magnets 3 are arranged in the circumferential direction inside the cylindrical first rotor 1. When the coil 9 of the stator core 8 is appropriately energized, a magnetic flux is generated in the stator core 8, and the magnetic flux of the stator core 8 forms a magnetic circuit with the magnetic flux of the nearby permanent magnet 3. Thereby, a rotor torque (first rotor torque) for driving the first rotor 1 is generated between the first rotor 1 and the first stator 5. The rotor rotating shaft 10 outputs the first rotor torque to a load side (not shown) such as a wheel.
The coil 9 is electrically connected to an inverter (not shown) and a battery, and the inverter 9 (not shown) executes control for appropriately energizing the coil 9. The magnitude of the first rotor torque is adjusted by energization control of the coil 9.

In the rotor rotation axis direction, the first rotor 1, the magnetic body 4, and the second rotor 2 are sequentially arranged coaxially.
Compared with the axial dimension of the first rotor 1, the axial dimension of the second rotor 2 is small, and the first rotor 1 serves as a main role and the second rotor 2 serves as a sub-function in generating the rotor torque. Play a role. That is, the first rotor torque of the first rotor 1 needs to be large, and the second rotor torque of the second rotor 2 needs to be small.

The second rotor 2 has a disk shape as illustrated in FIG. 5, and protrusions 11 and air gaps 12 are alternately provided in the circumferential direction at the outer peripheral portion of the second rotor 2. Alternatively, although not shown, instead of the protrusions 11 and the gaps 12, a plurality of permanent magnets may be provided in the circumferential direction like the first rotor 1. In any case, the configuration of the second rotor 2 only needs to be capable of forming a magnetic circuit with the second stator 6 disposed in the outer diameter direction.
As shown in FIG. 4, an angular bearing is provided in the central hole 2 h of the second rotor 2. Thereby, the rotor rotating shaft 10 supports the 2nd rotor 2 through an angular bearing so that relative rotation is possible.

The second stator 6 will be described with reference to FIG. 4. A plurality of stator cores 13 of the second stator 6 are arranged on the inner wall of the case 7 in the circumferential direction. Then, one side of the stator core 13 is fixed to the inner wall of the case 7, and the other side of the stator core 13 is projected toward the inner diameter of the rotor and is directed toward the outer periphery of the second rotor 2. A coil 14 is wound between both sides of each stator core 13.
If the coil 14 of the stator core 13 is energized as appropriate, the stator core 13 also forms a magnetic circuit with the protrusion 11 to generate the second rotor torque.
The coil 14 is electrically connected to an inverter (not shown) and a battery, and the inverter (not shown) performs control for energizing the coil 14 as appropriate.

A cam mechanism for disposing the magnetic body 4 is provided between the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 2.
This cam mechanism may be a known one that uses a ball to give a thrust according to the transmission torque. The second rotor 2 also serves as a cam disk of the cam mechanism in the rotor axial direction, the ball 15 of the cam mechanism, and the cam mechanism. An axially movable member 16 serving as a follower disk is sequentially arranged. The axially movable member 16 in the vicinity of the first rotor 1 has a disk shape, and its center is attached to the rotor rotating shaft 10 by a ball spline 17. The ball spline 17 allows the axial rotation member 16 to move relative to the rotor rotation shaft 10 in the axial direction and not relative to the circumferential direction. The magnetic body 4 is coupled to the outer peripheral edge of the axially movable member 16. Needless to say, the axially movable member 16 itself may be integrally formed of a magnetic material.
The magnetic body 4 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4 has the shape shown in FIG. A magnetic protrusion 4t is provided upright on the surface of the magnetic body 4 facing the first rotor 1, and the tip of the magnetic protrusion 4t is directed toward the first rotor 1. In addition, the magnetic body 4 should just be an annular shape as shown in FIGS.
A retaining nut 18 is coupled to a portion of the rotor rotating shaft 10 that is opposite to the axially movable member 16 when viewed from the second rotor 2. Then, the nut 18 for retaining the retainer supports the second rotor 2 via the angular bearing so that the second rotor 2 is not separated from the first rotor 1 and prevents the cam mechanism (second rotor 2) from being detached.

  A circumferential groove 19 is formed on the side surface of the second rotor 2 facing the axially movable member 16. A circumferential groove 20 is also formed on the side surface of the axially movable member 16 that faces the second rotor 2. The circumferential groove 19 and the circumferential groove 20 are arranged so as to face each other, and a plurality of balls 15, 15... Are accommodated in the circumferential grooves 19, 20.

  A disc spring 21 is disposed between the axially movable member 16 and the first rotor 1. The disc spring 21 biases the axially movable member 16 away from the first rotor 1.

  Next, how the cam mechanism, which is a magnetic body moving means, moves the magnetic body 4 to short-circuit the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 3 will be described.

In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the magnetic body 4 is rotated and brought into contact with the permanent magnet 3 as shown in FIG.
That is, in a normal state such as when the rotational speed of the rotor rotating shaft 10 is less than the predetermined rotational speed, the magnetic body 4 is separated from the first rotor 1 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 3 as shown in the upper half of FIG. Do not short circuit.
On the other hand, when the rotational speed of the rotor rotating shaft 10 is equal to or higher than the predetermined rotational speed, the magnetic body 4 is pressed against the first rotor 1 to short-circuit the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 3 as shown in the lower half of FIG. .

When the second rotor torque is applied by the magnetic circuit between the second stator 6 and the second rotor 2, the second rotor torque is transmitted from the second rotor 2 to the ball 15, the axially movable member 16, and the ball spline 17. Is transmitted to the rotor rotation shaft 10 via. The rotor rotation shaft 10 outputs the second rotor torque together with the first rotor torque described above to a load side (not shown) such as a wheel.
The magnitude of the second rotor torque is adjusted by energization control of the coil 14.

The depth of the circumferential groove 19 that sandwiches the ball 15 (the depth from the disk-shaped surface facing the axially movable member 16) is not uniform and varies over the entire circumferential direction. In other words, when the circumferential groove 19 is cut in the circumferential direction and expanded and viewed, the depth of the waveform is repeated.
In this case, when the second rotor torque acts on the ball 15 sandwiched between the circumferential grooves 19 and 20, the second rotor 2 rotates relative to the axially movable member 16, and the ball 15 The distance between the circumferential grooves 19 and 20 is changed by moving on the waveform according to the magnitude of the second rotor torque. Then, the axial position of the axially movable member 16 as viewed from the second rotor 2 changes.
At this time, the ball 15 applies thrust to the axially movable member 16 so as to approach the first rotor 1 in accordance with the magnitude of the transmitted torque. On the other hand, the disc spring 21 urges the axially movable member 16 to move away from the first rotor 1.

  Therefore, when the second rotor torque transmitted by the ball 15 is small, the urging force of the disc spring 21 overcomes the thrust and the magnetic body 4 is kept away from the first rotor 1. As a result, the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 3 and 3 is not short-circuited.

  On the other hand, when the second rotor torque transmitted by the ball 15 is large, the urging force of the disc spring 21 is lost to the thrust, and the disc spring 21 is elastically deformed so as to be crushed in the rotor axial direction. As a result, the axially movable member 16 approaches the first rotor 1, and the magnetic body protrusion 4 t is pressed against the permanent magnet 3. As a result, the magnetic body 4 short-circuits the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 3 and 3.

  When it is not desired to short-circuit the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 3, the second rotor torque is reduced.

  If the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 3 and 3 is not short-circuited, the magnetic flux formed in the magnetic circuit formed between the first rotor 1 and the first stator 5 is large, and the normal state where the rotational speed of the rotor rotating shaft 10 is not high. The rotary electric machine can be operated. Therefore, according to the first embodiment described above, it is possible to cope with a case where low rotation and large torque are required.

  When it is desired to short-circuit the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 3, the second rotor torque is increased.

  When the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 3 and 3 is short-circuited, the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit formed between the first rotor 1 and the first stator 5 becomes small, and the rotating electrical machine is operated even in the high rotation region of the rotor rotating shaft 10. can do. Therefore, according to the first embodiment described above, the induced voltage of the coils 9 and 14 can be reduced to allow high rotation of the rotor rotating shaft 10.

  In the control for increasing / decreasing the second rotor torque, the torque output from the rotor rotating shaft 10 can be maintained unchanged by simultaneously executing the control for increasing / decreasing the first rotor torque. For example, even if the second rotor torque is increased and the magnetic flux is short-circuited, if the first rotor torque is decreased by that amount, the torque of the rotor rotating shaft 10 that is the sum of the rotor torques does not change. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the adverse effect that the output torque changes undesirably both when starting and ending the control for reducing the induced voltage.

As described above, in the first embodiment, the magnetic body 4 is moved in the axial direction of the rotor using the second rotor torque that is a part of the rotor torque for driving the rotor. It is possible to drive the rotor rotating shaft 10 with the force used for this, and this force can be used effectively.
Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the magnetic body 4 can be brought into contact with the first rotor 1 by increasing or decreasing the second rotor torque regardless of the rotational speed of the first rotor 1. Therefore, the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 3 and 3 can be short-circuited in any operation state regardless of the rotation speed of the first rotor 1, and when the battery and the inverter are abnormal, these batteries, the inverter, the coil 9, The induced voltage can be arbitrarily suppressed when necessary, such as an excessive temperature rise in the electric circuit for controlling the temperature.

  Furthermore, in the first embodiment, since the induced voltage can be suppressed in an arbitrary operating state, the operating range can be expanded and the performance of the rotating electrical machine can be improved. This effect will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 12 is a characteristic diagram showing a comparison of operating regions (torque region and rotational speed region) of two types of general conventional examples and this example.
In FIG. 12, the horizontal axis represents the rotor rotational speed, and the vertical axis represents the rotor torque. In the conventional example with emphasis on torque indicated by a long broken line in FIG. 12, the rotational speed region is narrowed and the torque region is widened so that the induced voltage does not increase. On the other hand, in the conventional example with emphasis on power indicated by a short broken line in FIG. 12, a high induction voltage is allowed and the rotation speed region is widened, while the constant output curve is designed to be larger than that with emphasis on the torque. The torque region becomes narrow.
Therefore, in these two types of general conventional examples, there is a trade-off relationship that when one of the rotation speed region and the torque region is widened, the other is narrowed.

  However, in this embodiment, since the amount of magnetic flux to be short-circuited can be changed regardless of the rotational speed of the first rotor 1, both the rotational speed region and the torque region are widened as shown by the solid line in FIG. Is possible. As a result, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, it is possible to widen the operation region surrounded by the horizontal and vertical axes and the constant output curve, and the driving performance can be significantly improved.

In addition, when the rotational speed of the first rotor 1 returns to a normal state such as returning to less than a predetermined rotational speed while suppressing the induced voltage described above, the second rotor torque is reduced, as shown in the upper half of FIG. The magnetic body 4 is separated from the first rotor 1.
Thereby, the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit formed between the 1st rotor 1 and the 1st stator 5 becomes a large thing from the first, and a rotary electric machine can be drive | operated in a normal state. Therefore, according to the first embodiment described above, it is possible to cope with both a case of high rotation and a case of low rotation and requiring a large torque.

Next, a rotary electric machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to a longitudinal sectional view of FIG.
The second embodiment is also a rotary electric machine having a radial gap structure in which a stator and a rotor are arranged in the rotor radial direction, but the position of the second rotor 2 is different from the first embodiment described above.
Therefore, the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and different configurations will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 6, a retaining nut 18, a cam disk 22, a ball 15, an axial movement member 16, a disc spring 21, and the first rotor 1 are sequentially arranged on the rotor rotation shaft 10. To do. The cam disk 22, the ball 15 and the axial movement member 16 constitute a cam mechanism.

The cam disk 22 is integrally coupled to the rotor rotating shaft 10.
The axially moving member 16 serving as a follower disk is rotatably supported on the rotor rotating shaft 10 via a needle bearing 23 at the center thereof. The needle bearing 23 also allows relative axial movement of the axial movement member 16 and the rotor rotary shaft 10.
An annular magnetic body 4 is fitted to the outer diameter side of the axially moving member 16 over the entire circumference. The magnetic body 4 has the function shown in FIG. 3 described above and also serves as the second rotor 2. A second stator 6 is disposed in the outer diameter direction of the magnetic body 4 that also serves as the second rotor 2. A magnetic protrusion 4t is provided upright on the surface of the magnetic body 4 facing the first rotor 1, and the tip of the magnetic protrusion 4t is directed to the first rotor 1.

In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6 as well, the magnetic body 4 is rotated and brought into contact with the permanent magnet 3 as shown in FIG.
That is, in a normal state such as when the rotational speed of the rotor rotating shaft 10 is less than the predetermined rotational speed, the magnetic body 4 is separated from the first rotor 1 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 3 as shown in the upper half of FIG. Do not short circuit.
On the other hand, when the rotational speed of the rotor rotating shaft 10 is equal to or higher than the predetermined rotational speed, the magnetic body 4 is pressed against the first rotor 1 to short-circuit the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 3 as shown in the lower half of FIG. .

When the second rotor torque is applied by the magnetic circuit between the second stator 6 and the second rotor 2, the second rotor torque is transmitted from the second rotor 2 (magnetic body 4) to the axially movable member 16, the ball 15, and the like. Then, it is transmitted to the rotor rotating shaft 10 via the cam disk 22. The rotor rotation shaft 10 outputs the second rotor torque together with the first rotor torque described above to a load side (not shown) such as a wheel.
The magnitude of the second rotor torque is adjusted by energization control of the coil 14.

Also in the second embodiment, when it is not desired to short-circuit the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 3, the second rotor torque is reduced.
Further, when it is desired to short-circuit the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 3, the second rotor torque is increased.

Also in the second embodiment, the magnetic body 4 is moved in the rotor axial direction by using the second rotor torque that is a part of the rotor torque for driving the rotor. The rotor rotating shaft 10 can be driven with a force, and this force can be used effectively.
Furthermore, also in the second embodiment, the magnetic body 4 can be brought into contact with the first rotor 1 by increasing or decreasing the second rotor torque. Therefore, the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 3 and 3 can be short-circuited in any operation state regardless of the rotation speed of the first rotor 1, and when the battery and the inverter are abnormal, these batteries, the inverter, the coil 9, The induced voltage can be arbitrarily suppressed when necessary, such as an excessive temperature rise in the electric circuit for controlling the temperature.
Further, in the second embodiment as well, since the induced voltage can be suppressed in an arbitrary operating state, the operating range can be expanded as shown in FIG. 12, and the performance of the rotating electrical machine can be improved. .

  Next, a rotary electric machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. This third embodiment differs from the first embodiment described above in that the first stator 5 is an outer rotor type rotating electrical machine located on the inner diameter side of the first rotor 1, but the stator and rotor are arranged in the rotor radial direction. The rotary electric machine having a radial gap structure arranged in the above-mentioned configuration is not different from that of the first embodiment described above.

Also in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7, in order to move the magnetic body 4 in order to move the magnetic body 4 in the rotor axial direction using the second rotor torque that is a part of the rotor torque for driving the rotor, The rotor rotating shaft 10 can be driven with the used force, and this force can be used effectively.
Furthermore, also in the third embodiment, the magnetic body 4 can be brought into contact with the first rotor 1 by increasing or decreasing the second rotor torque. Therefore, the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 3 and 3 can be short-circuited in any operation state regardless of the rotation speed of the first rotor 1, and when the battery and the inverter are abnormal, these batteries, the inverter, the coil 9, The induced voltage can be arbitrarily suppressed when necessary, such as an excessive temperature rise in the electric circuit for controlling the temperature.
Further, in the third embodiment as well, since the induced voltage can be suppressed in an arbitrary operating state, the operating range can be expanded as shown in FIG. 12, and the performance of the rotating electrical machine can be improved. .

  Next, a rotary electric machine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. Although the fourth embodiment is different from the second embodiment described above in that the first stator 5 is an outer rotor type rotating electrical machine located on the inner diameter side of the first rotor 1, the stator and the rotor are arranged in the rotor radial direction. The rotary electric machine having a radial gap structure arranged in the above-mentioned configuration is not different from the second embodiment described above in terms of its substantial configuration.

Also in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 8, in order to move the magnetic body 4 in order to move the magnetic body 4 in the rotor axial direction using the second rotor torque which is a part of the rotor torque for driving the rotor, The rotor rotating shaft 10 can be driven with the used force, and this force can be used effectively.
Furthermore, also in the fourth embodiment, the magnetic body 4 can be brought into contact with the first rotor 1 by increasing or decreasing the second rotor torque. Therefore, the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 3 and 3 can be short-circuited in any operation state regardless of the rotation speed of the first rotor 1, and when the battery and the inverter are abnormal, these batteries, the inverter, the coil 9, The induced voltage can be arbitrarily suppressed when necessary, such as an excessive temperature rise in the electric circuit for controlling the temperature.
Further, in the fourth embodiment as well, since the induced voltage can be suppressed in an arbitrary operating state, the operating range can be expanded as shown in FIG. 12, and the performance of the rotating electrical machine can be improved. .

Next, a rotary electric machine according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to a longitudinal sectional view of FIG.
The fifth embodiment is an electric rotating machine having an axial gap structure in which a stator and a rotor are arranged in the rotor axial direction. Elements having the same functions as those of the first embodiment described above will be described with the same reference numerals or common reference numerals.
As shown in FIG. 9, the rotating electrical machine of the fifth embodiment includes a first stator 105 and a second stator 106 as shown in FIG. The first stator 105 is disposed on the rotor outer diameter side of the second stator 106 and is supported by a common stator bracket 107 so that the rotor axial position overlaps.

Further, the first rotor 101 is disposed on both sides of the first stator 105 in the rotor axial direction. That is, the rotating electrical machine of the fifth embodiment is a 2-rotor 1-stator rotating electrical machine. Similarly, the second rotor 102 is disposed on both sides of the second stator 106 in the rotor axial direction.
A plurality of permanent magnets 103 are arranged in the circumferential direction in the first rotor 101.
A reluctance torque is obtained by forming the magnetic circuit between the 2nd stator 106 and the 2nd stator 106 by arrange | positioning the processus | protrusion formed with the magnetic body and the space | gap alternately in the circumferential direction.
Alternatively, the second rotor 102 may be provided with a plurality of permanent magnets in the circumferential direction. In any case, the configuration of the second rotor 102 only needs to form a magnetic circuit with the second stator 106 arranged in the axial direction.
As the role of generating the rotor torque, the first rotor 101 plays a main role, and the second rotor 102 plays a secondary role. That is, the first rotor torque of the first rotor 1 needs to be large, and the second rotor torque of the second rotor 2 needs to be small.

A plurality of first stator brackets 107 are arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the case 7 that forms the outer shell of the rotating electrical machine. Then, one side of the stator bracket 107 is fixed to the inner wall of the case 7, and the other side of the stator bracket 107 is projected toward the rotor inner diameter direction.
A coil 109 is wound around the stator core 108 of the first stator 105 supported by the stator bracket 107. The winding center line is parallel to the rotor axis, and when the coil 109 is energized, a magnetic flux parallel to the rotor axis is generated in the stator core 108, and this magnetic flux is directed to the first rotors 101, 101 on both sides.

  A coil 114 is wound around the stator core 113 of the second stator 106 supported by the stator bracket 107. The winding center line is parallel to the rotor axis. When the coil 114 is energized, a magnetic flux parallel to the rotor axis is generated in the stator core 113, and this magnetic flux is directed to the second rotors 102, 102 on both sides.

  The second rotor 102, the ball 15, the magnetic body 104, and the first rotor 101 are sequentially arranged in the rotor rotation axis direction in the order that is close to the stator bracket 107. Here, the second rotor 102, the ball 15, and the magnetic body 104 constitute a cam mechanism. The second rotor 102 serving as a cam disk is rotatably supported on the rotor rotating shaft 10 via an angular bearing 110. The magnetic body 104 serving as a follower disk is a disk-shaped member corresponding to the axially movable member 16 and is in the vicinity of the first rotor 101. The magnetic body 104 is attached to the rotor rotating shaft 10 by a ball spline 17.

The diameter of the first rotor 101 is formed larger than the diameter of the magnetic body 104. In the plane of the first rotor 101 facing the stator bracket 107, a permanent magnet 103 is fixed on the outer diameter side, and a recess 101b having an axial depth corresponding to the absence of the permanent magnet on the inner diameter side. Form. The circular recess 101b accommodates the above-described small-diameter magnetic body 104, and the first rotor 101 and the magnetic body 104 are arranged at least partially overlapping in the rotor rotation axis direction.
The outer peripheral edge of the magnetic body 104 is tapered, and the inner peripheral edge of the permanent magnet 103 that defines the recess 101b is a tapered hole, so that the taper angles of both are made to coincide.
In the recess 101b, a disc spring 21 is provided between the first rotor 101 and the magnetic body 104 aligned in the rotor axial direction, and the magnetic body 104 is urged away from the first rotor 101.

Also in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the magnetic body 104 is rotated and brought into contact with the permanent magnet 103.
In other words, in a normal state such as when the rotational speed of the rotor rotating shaft 10 is less than the predetermined rotational speed, the magnetic body 104 is separated from the first rotor 101 as shown in the upper half of FIG. Do not short circuit.
On the other hand, when the rotational speed of the rotor rotating shaft 10 is equal to or higher than the predetermined rotational speed, the magnetic body 104 is pressed against the first rotor 101 to short-circuit the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 103 as shown in the lower half of FIG. .

  When the second rotor torque is applied by the magnetic circuit between the second stator 106 and the second rotor 102, the second rotor torque is transmitted from the second rotor 102 via the ball 15, the magnetic body 104, and the ball spline 17. Then, it is transmitted to the rotor rotating shaft 10. The magnitude of the second rotor torque is adjusted by energization control of the coil 114.

  When it is not desired to short-circuit the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 103, the second rotor torque is reduced. When it is desired to short-circuit the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 103, the second rotor torque is increased.

Next, a rotary electric machine according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to a longitudinal sectional view of FIG.
This sixth embodiment is also common to the fifth embodiment described above in that it is a rotating electrical machine having an axial gap structure in which a stator and a rotor are arranged in the rotor axial direction, but the second rotor 102 and the magnetic body 104 are integrally coupled. It is different in point.
Therefore, the same elements as those in the fifth embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof will be omitted, and different configurations will be described.

In the sixth embodiment, the cam disk 122 of the cam mechanism is integrally coupled to the rotor rotating shaft 10. On both sides of the cam disk 122 in the axial direction, the ball 15, the magnetic body 104 serving as a follower disk, the disc spring 21, and the first rotor 101 are sequentially arranged.
The center of the magnetic body 104 is rotatably supported by the rotor rotating shaft 10 via a needle bearing 123. The needle bearing 123 also allows relative movement of the magnetic body 104 and the rotor rotating shaft 10 in the axial direction. The second rotor 102 is integrally coupled to the outer surface of the magnetic body 104 facing the second stator 106.

  When the second rotor torque is applied by the magnetic circuit between the second stator 106 and the second rotor 102, the second rotor torque is transmitted from the second rotor 102 via the magnetic body 104, the ball 15, and the cam disk 122. Then, it is transmitted to the rotor rotating shaft 10.

  When it is not desired to short-circuit the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 103, the second rotor torque is reduced. When it is desired to short-circuit the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 103, the second rotor torque is increased.

Also in the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the magnetic body 104 that becomes the follower disk of the cam mechanism rotates according to the magnitude of the second rotor torque and abuts against the permanent magnet 103.
That is, in a normal state such as when the rotational speed of the rotor rotating shaft 10 is less than the predetermined rotational speed, the second rotor torque is kept small, and the magnetic body 104 is moved to the first rotor 101 as shown in the upper half of FIG. The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 103 is not short-circuited.
On the other hand, when the rotational speed of the rotor rotating shaft 10 is equal to or higher than the predetermined rotational speed, the second rotor torque is increased and the magnetic body 104 is attached to the first rotor 101 as shown in the lower half of FIG. The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 103 is short-circuited by pressing.

In the fifth and sixth embodiments, the magnetic body 104 is moved in the axial direction of the rotor using the second rotor torque that is a part of the rotor torque for driving the rotor. The rotor rotating shaft 10 can be driven with the used force, and this force can be used effectively.
Further, in the fifth and sixth embodiments, the magnetic body 104 can be brought into contact with the first rotor 101 regardless of the rotational speed by increasing or decreasing the second rotor torque. Therefore, the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 103 and 103 can be short-circuited in an arbitrary operation state regardless of the rotation speed of the first rotor 101. When the battery and the inverter are abnormal, the battery, the inverter, the coil 109, The induced voltage can be arbitrarily suppressed when necessary, such as an excessive temperature rise in the electric circuit for controlling the temperature.
Furthermore, in the fifth and sixth embodiments, since the induced voltage can be suppressed in an arbitrary operating state, the operating range can be expanded as shown in FIG. 12, and the performance of the rotating electrical machine can be improved. Can do.

In the fifth and sixth embodiments, as described above along the lower half of FIG. 9 and the lower half of FIG. 10, the inner diameter side edge of the permanent magnet 103 and the outer diameter side edge of the magnetic body 104 are tapered. Therefore, the magnetic body 104 can contact the permanent magnet 103 without any gap. This abutting state is shown in an enlarged manner in FIG. As shown in FIG. 11A, the taper 104p of the magnetic body 104 is formed from one side of the magnetic body 104 in the rotor axial direction to the other side.
The taper shape is not limited to FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 11B, the taper shape 104p of the magnetic body 104 can be formed on one side in the axial direction of the magnetic body 104 to define the amount of magnetic flux to be short-circuited.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 11C, it is possible to define the amount of magnetic flux to be short-circuited by making the taper angle of the taper 104p of the magnetic body 104 different from the taper angle of the taper hole 103p of the permanent magnet 103. is there.

  In addition, in the second embodiment (FIG. 6), the fourth embodiment (FIG. 8), and the sixth embodiment (FIG. 10) described above, the second rotor 2 (102) is replaced by the second stator 6 (106). However, this does not hinder the reduction of the induced voltage, which is the problem solving means of the present invention.

By the way, in the 1st-6th Example mentioned above, the 1st rotor 1 and the 2nd rotor 2 were provided, and the magnetic flux short circuit mechanism which short-circuits the magnetic flux of a plurality of permanent magnets 3 and 3 provided in the 1st rotor 1 was provided, Since it constituted so that a magnetic flux short circuit mechanism might be operated using the 2nd rotor torque,
The rotor rotating shaft 10 can also be driven by the force used to operate the magnetic flux short-circuit mechanism, and this force can be used effectively.
Further, the magnetic body 4 can be brought into contact regardless of the rotation speed of the first rotor 1, and the battery and the inverter are in an abnormal state or the electric circuit for controlling the battery, the inverter and the coil is excessive. The induced voltage can be arbitrarily suppressed when necessary, such as a temperature rise.
Furthermore, since the induced voltage can be suppressed in an arbitrary operating state, the operating range can be expanded as shown in FIG. 12, and the performance of the rotating electrical machine can be improved.

  Specifically, the magnetic body 4 that short-circuits the magnetic flux between the plurality of permanent magnets 3 and 3 with the above magnetic flux short-circuit mechanism, and the magnetic that changes the distance between the magnetic body 4 and the first rotor 1 according to the second rotor torque. The magnetic body moving means abuts the magnetic body 4 against the first rotor 1 and short-circuits the plurality of permanent magnets 3, 3 provided on the first rotor 1.

In the first to fourth embodiments described above, as shown in FIG. 3, when the magnetic body 4 is provided with a plurality of magnetic body protrusions 4t in the circumferential direction and the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 3 and 3 is not short-circuited, the magnetic body The circumferential position of the protrusion 4t and the circumferential position of the permanent magnet 3 are made different (FIG. 3A).
On the other hand, when the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 3 and 3 is short-circuited, the magnetic body moving means rotates the magnetic body 4 relative to the permanent magnet 3 so that the tip of the magnetic body protruding portion 4t contacts the permanent magnet 3. From the contact (Fig. 3 (b))
In the non-short circuit state, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the magnetic protrusion 4t can be reliably separated from the permanent magnet 3, and the short circuit of the magnetic flux is reliably interrupted, contributing to the high torque operation of the rotating electrical machine. be able to.

  In the first to fourth embodiments, the relative rotation indicated by the arrows in FIG. 3A and the change in the axial distance are combined, but other than these embodiments, they are not shown in the drawing. However, the flat surface of the first rotor 1 that faces the magnetic body protrusion 4t is formed to be uneven so as to be alternated with the magnetic body protrusion 4t, and only by the relative rotation indicated by the arrows in FIG. You may contact | abut the front-end | tip of a magnetic body protrusion part to a permanent magnet.

In the first to fourth embodiments described above, the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 2 are attached to the common rotor rotating shaft 10, and the magnetic body moving means rotates the second rotor 2 and the rotor rotating shaft 10. Because it is a cam mechanism that engages,
The contact of the magnetic body 4 according to the magnitude of the second rotor torque can be realized with a simple configuration.

Specifically, the cam mechanism generates a thrust corresponding to the transmission torque between the second rotor 2 and the rotor rotating shaft 10 to change the distance between the first rotor 1 and the magnetic body 4.
The magnetic body 4 can be moved in the axial direction by thrust in the rotor axial direction.

Further, in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and the second to fourth embodiments shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the first stator 5 and the second stator 6 are provided, and the first stator 5 and the first rotor 1 are rotated by the rotor. A radial gap structure is formed by arranging in the rotor radial direction perpendicular to the axis, and the second rotor 2, the magnetic body 4, and the first rotor 1 are sequentially arranged in the rotor rotation axis direction. And since the axial direction movable member 16 of the cam mechanism which moves to a rotor rotating shaft direction was provided in the vicinity of the 1st rotor 1, and the magnetic body 4 was attached to the axial direction movable member 16,
The present invention can be embodied in a rotary electric machine having a radial gap structure.

In the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 9 and the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the first stator 105 and the second stator 106 are provided, and the first stator 105 and the first rotor 101 are arranged in the rotor rotation axis direction. Thus, the second rotor 102, the magnetic body 104, and the first rotor 101 are sequentially arranged in the rotor rotation axis direction. Since the magnetic body 104 that becomes the follower disk of the cam mechanism that moves in the rotor rotation axis direction is provided in the vicinity of the first rotor 101,
The present invention can be embodied in a rotating electrical machine having an axial gap structure.

In the first to sixth embodiments described above, the disc spring 21 that biases the axially movable member 16 (or the magnetic body corresponding to the axially movable member 16) away from the first rotor 1 is provided.
In the non-short-circuit state, the magnetic body 4 can be reliably separated from the permanent magnet 3 to block the short-circuit of the magnetic flux.

Further, in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 9 and the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the first rotor 101 and the magnetic body 104 are arranged at least partially superposed in the rotor rotation axis direction, and the magnetic body 104 is arranged. Of these, at least one of the portion that contacts the first rotor 101 or the portion that contacts the magnetic body 104 of the first rotor 101 is tapered toward the other (FIGS. 11A to 11C). From
The amount of magnetic flux of the permanent magnet that is short-circuited by the magnetic body can be defined.

The above description is merely an example of the present invention, and the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, although not shown, the techniques of FIGS. 11A to 11C are also applicable to the first to fourth embodiments. That is, at least a part of the first rotor 1 and the magnetic body 4 are superposed in the direction of the rotor rotation axis, and a portion of the magnetic body 4 that contacts the first rotor 1 or a magnetic part of the first rotor 1 is arranged. At least one of the portions in contact with the body 4 may be tapered toward the other.

It is a perspective view which shows the outline | summary of the magnetic flux short circuit mechanism which becomes an example of this invention, (a) shows the state which does not short-circuit the magnetic flux of permanent magnets, (b) shows the state which short-circuited the magnetic flux of permanent magnets. It is a perspective view which shows the outline | summary of the magnetic flux short circuit mechanism which becomes another example of this invention, (a) shows the state which does not short-circuit the magnetic flux of permanent magnets, (b) shows the state which short-circuited the magnetic flux of permanent magnets. Show. It is a perspective view which shows the outline | summary of the magnetic flux short circuit mechanism which becomes further another example of this invention, (a) shows the state which does not short-circuit the magnetic flux of permanent magnets, (b) is the state which short-circuited the magnetic flux of permanent magnets Indicates. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the rotary electric machine which becomes 1st Example of this invention by making a cross section in the plane containing a rotor axis line, an upper half shows a non-short circuit state and a lower half shows a short circuit state. It is a front view which illustrates the state seen from the axial direction about the 2nd rotor of the example. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the rotary electric machine which becomes 2nd Example of this invention by making a cross section in the plane containing a rotor axis line, an upper half shows a non-short circuit state and a lower half shows a short circuit state. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the rotary electric machine which becomes 3rd Example of this invention by making a cross section in the plane containing a rotor axis line, an upper half shows a non-short circuit state and a lower half shows a short circuit state. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the rotary electric machine which becomes 4th Example of this invention by making a cross section in the plane containing a rotor axis line, an upper half shows a non-short circuit state and a lower half shows a short circuit state. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the rotary electric machine which becomes 5th Example of this invention by making a cross section in the plane containing a rotor axis line, an upper half shows a non-short circuit state and a lower half shows a short circuit state. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the rotary electric machine which becomes 6th Example of this invention by making a cross section in the plane containing a rotor axis line, an upper half shows a non-short circuit state and a lower half shows a short circuit state. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the short circuit state of the 5th, 6th Example of this invention, (a) shows the example which formed the taper from the rotor axial direction one side to the other side of a magnetic body, (b ) Shows an example in which a taper is formed on one side in the axial direction of the magnetic material, and (c) shows an example in which the taper angle of the magnetic material is different from the taper angle of the permanent magnet. It is a characteristic view which shows the driving | running area | region of the 1st-6th Example compared with a general prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 101 1st rotor 2 102 2nd rotor 3 103 Permanent magnet 4 104 Magnetic body 5 105 1st stator 6 106 2nd stator 7 Rotating electrical machine case 8 108 Stator core 9 109 Coil 10 Rotor rotating shaft 13 113 Stator core 14 114 Coil 15 Cam Ball of mechanism 16 Axial movable member 17 Ball spline 21 Belleville spring

Claims (10)

In a rotating electrical machine that provides a rotor with a plurality of permanent magnets, a coil in a stator, and generates a rotor torque for driving the rotor between the rotor and the stator,
The rotor comprises a first rotor and a second rotor;
Providing a magnetic flux short-circuit mechanism for short-circuiting the magnetic flux between the plurality of permanent magnets provided in the first rotor;
A rotating electrical machine configured to operate the magnetic flux short-circuit mechanism using a second rotor torque generated between the second rotor and a stator. In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
The permanent magnet short-circuiting mechanism is at least one of at the time of detecting an abnormality of a battery that supplies power to the coil or detecting an abnormality of an electric circuit that connects the coil and the battery when the first rotor rotates at a high speed. A rotating electrical machine that is actuated to short-circuit a magnetic flux of a permanent magnet of a first rotor. In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2,
The magnetic flux short-circuit mechanism includes a magnetic body that short-circuits the magnetic flux between the plurality of permanent magnets, and a magnetic body moving unit that changes a distance between the magnetic body and the first rotor according to a second rotor torque, The magnetic body moving means short-circuits a plurality of permanent magnets provided on the first rotor by bringing the magnetic body into contact with the first rotor. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of magnetic body protrusions are provided in the circumferential direction on the magnetic body,
In the case where the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets is not short-circuited, the circumferential position of the magnetic projection and the circumferential position of the permanent magnet are different,
When the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets is short-circuited, the magnetic body moving means rotates the magnetic body relative to the permanent magnet and abuts the tip of the magnetic body protruding portion on the permanent magnet. Rotating electric machine. In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 3 or 4,
The first rotor and the second rotor are attached to a common rotor rotation shaft,
The rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic body moving means is a cam mechanism that rotationally engages the second rotor and the rotor rotation shaft.   6. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 5, wherein the cam mechanism generates a thrust corresponding to a transmission torque between the second rotor and a rotor rotating shaft to change the distance. . The rotary electric machine according to claim 6, wherein the stator includes a first stator and a second stator, and the first stator and the first rotor are arranged in a radial direction of the rotor perpendicular to the rotor rotation axis. age,
The second rotor, the magnetic body, and the first rotor are sequentially arranged in the rotor rotation axis direction,
A rotating electrical machine characterized in that an axially movable member of the cam mechanism moving in the rotor rotational axis direction is provided in the vicinity of the first rotor, and the magnetic body is attached to the axially movable member. The rotating electric machine according to claim 6, wherein the stator includes a first stator and a second stator, and the first stator and the first rotor are arranged in a rotor rotation axis direction to form an axial gap structure,
The second rotor, the magnetic body, and the first rotor are sequentially arranged in the rotor rotation axis direction,
A rotating electrical machine characterized in that an axially movable member of the cam mechanism moving in the rotor rotational axis direction is provided in the vicinity of the first rotor, and the magnetic body is attached to the axially movable member. In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 7 or 8,
An electrical rotating machine comprising a biasing means for biasing the axially movable member away from the first rotor. In the rotary electric machine according to any one of claims 7 to 9,
The first rotor and the magnetic body are arranged at least partially in the direction of the rotor rotation axis, and a portion of the magnetic body that contacts the first rotor, or the magnetic body of the first rotor. A rotating electrical machine characterized in that at least one of the parts in contact with the body is tapered toward the other.

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