JP4863589B2 - Aqueous composition - Google Patents
Aqueous composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4863589B2 JP4863589B2 JP2001302613A JP2001302613A JP4863589B2 JP 4863589 B2 JP4863589 B2 JP 4863589B2 JP 2001302613 A JP2001302613 A JP 2001302613A JP 2001302613 A JP2001302613 A JP 2001302613A JP 4863589 B2 JP4863589 B2 JP 4863589B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- aqueous composition
- salt
- sodium
- zinc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 92
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 65
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000004877 mucosa Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 229930003658 monoterpene Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002773 monoterpene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000002577 monoterpenes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 68
- -1 aluminum Chemical class 0.000 description 36
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 15
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003889 eye drop Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 8
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229940012356 eye drops Drugs 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Geraniol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCO GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007979 citrate buffer Substances 0.000 description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-KXUCPTDWSA-N (-)-Menthol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-KXUCPTDWSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N (R)-camphor Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229960000686 benzalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 5
- CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WPRPVWTQSA-N (-)-ephedrine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WPRPVWTQSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002971 Heparan sulfate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heparin Chemical compound OC1C(NC(=O)C)C(O)OC(COS(O)(=O)=O)C1OC1C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(O3)C(O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)C(CO)O2)NS(O)(=O)=O)C(C(O)=O)O1 HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 description 4
- DJDFFEBSKJCGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphazoline Chemical compound Cl.C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1CC1=NCCN1 DJDFFEBSKJCGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- UREZNYTWGJKWBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzethonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OCCOCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UREZNYTWGJKWBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229960001950 benzethonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 4
- KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-Acetamido-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-VIFPVBQESA-N (R)-adrenaline Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 3
- QAQSNXHKHKONNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-6-oxopyridine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound CCN1C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C(C)=CC1=O QAQSNXHKHKONNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical compound [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- SQDAZGGFXASXDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-bromo-2-(trifluoromethoxy)pyridine Chemical compound FC(F)(F)OC1=CC=C(Br)C=N1 SQDAZGGFXASXDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SLXKOJJOQWFEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-aminohexanoic acid Chemical compound NCCCCCC(O)=O SLXKOJJOQWFEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920001287 Chondroitin sulfate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005792 Geraniol Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 108010014251 Muramidase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108010062010 N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine Amidase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- CANRESZKMUPMAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc lactate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O CANRESZKMUPMAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- VRGNUPCISFMPEM-ZVGUSBNCSA-L zinc;(2r,3r)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O VRGNUPCISFMPEM-ZVGUSBNCSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MCOGTQGPHPAUJN-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-hydroxyacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OCC([O-])=O.OCC([O-])=O MCOGTQGPHPAUJN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LNROPQIDHSASIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-hydroxybutanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCC(O)C([O-])=O.CCC(O)C([O-])=O LNROPQIDHSASIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B zirconium(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[Zr+4].[Zr+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930007845 β-thujaplicin Natural products 0.000 description 1
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、抗菌力の改善された水性組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
医薬品や化粧品などの生体に適用される水性組成物には、微生物による汚染を防止するために防腐剤(殺菌、静菌剤)が添加される。使用する防腐剤の種類は、組成物の種類に応じて刺激性の有無や抗菌効果の程度などを考慮して適宜選択される。例えば、点眼薬(剤)等の眼科用水性組成物には、防腐剤として、塩化ベンザルコニウム、塩化ベンゼトニウム、グルコン酸クロルヘキシジンなどの陽イオン性界面活性剤、アルキルポリアミノエチルグリシンなど両性界面活性剤、パラベン類、クロロブタノール及びソルビン酸などが1種又は2種以上組み合わせて使用されている。これらの中でも、ソルビン酸又はその塩は、塩化ベンザルコニウム等の他の防腐剤に比較して、角膜上皮細胞などの細胞への障害性も低いために、さまざまな分野で利用されており、眼科用水性組成物にも広汎に用いられている。しかし、防腐作用が低いという問題点があった。また、特に、高いpHでは防腐作用が弱く、安定的な防腐力が得られないという問題点があった。
【0003】
従来、このような問題点を解決するために、ホウ酸などの防腐性の高い緩衝剤を同時に配合したり、また、香料及びエチレンジアミン四酢酸又はその塩を配合する(特開平11-292793)などの製剤的な工夫がされているものの、効果は十分ではなく、ソルビン酸又はその塩の防腐効果を安定的に向上させる方法が強く求められていた。そのような方法は、ソルビン酸又はその塩を広範な水性組成物の防腐剤としての用途を広げることとなり、延いては医薬のみならず化粧品等の分野で有用な、防腐効果が安定的に高められた水性組成物を提供することが可能となる。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、安定して高い防腐効果を示し、安全性が高い、ソルビン酸又はその塩を含有する水性組成物を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、前記目的を達成するために鋭意検討した結果、水性組成物にソルビン酸又はその塩と、硫酸亜鉛、オキシカルボン酸亜鉛等の亜鉛塩を適切に配合すると、該組成物は予想以上に高い防腐効果を発揮することを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0006】
すなわち、本発明は、
(1)ソルビン酸又はその塩と、亜鉛塩とを含有することを特徴とする水性組成物、
(2)亜鉛塩がオキシカルボン酸亜鉛塩及び硫酸亜鉛から選択されることを特徴とする(1)記載の水性組成物、
(3)さらにモノテルペンを含有することを特徴とする(1)又は(2)に記載の水性組成物、
(4)粘膜適用用の組成物であることを特徴とする(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の水性組成物、
(5)眼科用組成物であることを特徴とする(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の水性組成物、及び
(6)ソルビン酸又はその塩を含有する水性組成物に、亜鉛塩を添加することによる、水性組成物の抗菌力増強方法、などに関する。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本明細書中、特に言及しない限り、%はw/v%を意味するものとする。
また、コンタクトレンズ(CL)という語句は、特記しない限り、ハード、酸素透過性ハード、ソフト等のあらゆるタイプのコンタクトレンズを包含する意味で用いる。
【0008】
ソルビン酸又はその塩としては、ソルビン酸又は薬理学的に又は生理学的に許容される塩を使用できる。薬理学的又は生理学的に許容できる塩としては、例えば、有機塩基との塩(例えば、メチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、トリエタノールアミン、モルホリン、ピペラジン、ピロリジン、アミノ酸、トリピリジン、ピコリンなどの有機アミンとの塩など)、無機塩基との塩(例えば、アンモニウム塩、ナトリウム、カリウムなどのアルカリ金属、カルシウム、マグネシウムなどのアルカリ土類金属、アルミニウムなどの金属との塩など)などが例示できる。具体的には、ソルビン酸、ソルビン酸カリウム、ソルビン酸ナトリウム、ソルビン酸トリクロカルバンなどである。好ましくは、無機塩基との塩や、ソルビン酸であり、特に、ソルビン酸、ソルビン酸カリウム、ソルビン酸ナトリウムなどが好ましい。
ソルビン酸又はその塩は、単独で又は二種以上組み合わせて使用することができる。
【0009】
本発明の水性組成物中におけるソルビン酸又はその塩の使用量は、組成物の態様、適用方法、化合物の種類等によって異なるが、通常、0.0001〜10%の範囲である。詳しくは、内服用水性組成物の場合には、0.001〜10%、好ましくは、0.01〜5%、さらに好ましくは、0.05〜1%の範囲であり、外皮用水性組成物の場合には、0.0001〜2%、好ましくは0.001〜1%、さらに好ましくは0.005〜0.5%の範囲であり、粘膜適用水性組成物の場合には、0.0001〜10%、好ましくは0.001〜5%、さらに好ましくは0.01〜1%の範囲である。
【0010】
亜鉛塩としては、乳酸亜鉛、グリコール酸亜鉛、ヒドロキシ酪酸亜鉛、グリセリン亜鉛、リンゴ酸亜鉛、酒石酸亜鉛、クエン酸亜鉛などのオキシカルボン酸亜鉛塩や、硫酸亜鉛が使用できる。好ましい塩は、乳酸亜鉛、硫酸亜鉛などである。乳酸亜鉛や硫酸亜鉛は収斂剤としても作用し、眼粘膜などの刺激に対して敏感な粘膜に投与した場合にも刺激が少ないので、点眼剤や点鼻剤等の粘膜用水性組成物における使用に際して好ましく、なかでも、特に眼科用組成物における使用に際して安全性が高く好ましい。
【0011】
本発明の水性組成物中における亜鉛塩の使用量は、組成物の態様、適用方法、化合物の種類等によって異なるが、通常、0.0001〜5%の範囲である。詳しくは内服用水性組成物の場合には、0.0001〜5%、好ましくは、0.0005〜1%、さらに好ましくは、0.002〜0.5%の範囲であり、外皮用水性組成物の場合には、0.0005〜5%、好ましくは、0.001〜2%、さらに好ましくは0.01〜0.5%の範囲であり、粘膜適用水性組成物(水性液剤)の場合には、0.0001〜5%、好ましくは0.001〜2%、さらに好ましくは、0.005〜0.5%の範囲である。亜鉛塩は、単独で又は二種以上組み合わせて使用できる。
【0012】
ソルビン酸又はその塩と、亜鉛塩との割合は、組成物の態様、適用方法、化合物の種類等によって異なるが、通常、ソルビン酸又はその塩1重量部に対して、亜鉛塩は、0.0001〜1000重量部、好ましくは0.0005〜500重量部、さらに好ましくは0.001〜50重量部、特に好ましくは0.005〜10重量部の割合で用いることができる。
【0013】
本発明は、水性組成物中でソルビン酸又はその塩と、亜鉛塩とを共存させると、それぞれを単独で用いた場合からは予測できないほど高い抗菌効果が発揮されるという知見に基づいている。本発明組成物は、そのような抗菌作用を必要とする限り、あらゆる分野に適用可能であり、たとえば、医薬品、医薬部外品、化粧品、食品等の広範な分野で利用することができる。
【0014】
本発明の水性組成物は、水を含有する組成物であれば、その形態は任意であり、目的に応じて種々の形態をとることができる。例えば、ゼリー状、液状、半固形(軟膏など)等であってよい。具体的には、ゼリー状剤、液剤、軟カプセル剤等の経口投与組成物、或いは液剤、半固形剤(軟膏剤)等の粘膜適用組成物などの剤形に製剤化することができる。本発明の水性組成物は高く、かつ安定した防腐力、優れた安全性を有するので、内服用、外皮用、粘膜適用用、コンタクトレンズ用の水性組成物として有用である。とりわけ、眼粘膜、鼻粘膜、口腔粘膜、大腸粘膜などの粘膜適用製剤としての使用、なかでも特に眼粘膜適用製剤としての使用に適している。また、ソルビン酸はコンタクトレンズに対する吸着性がほとんどないため、コンタクトレンズ装用時又は装用中に眼粘膜に直接適用する製剤のみならず、間接的な適用に該当するコンタクトレンズ用液剤も含めたあらゆるコンタクトレンズ用液剤としても有効である。
【0015】
本発明の水性組成物の具体例として、内服薬、外用剤をはじめ、眼科用、耳鼻咽喉科用の水性製剤等の医薬品、食品及び化粧品が挙げられる。さらに具体例として、点眼薬(コンタクトレンズを装用中にも使用することができる点眼薬を含む)、洗眼薬(剤)(コンタクトレンズを装用中にも使用することができる洗眼薬を含む)、眼軟膏薬(剤)、コンタクトレンズ装着液、コンタクトレンズ用剤(洗浄液、保存液、洗浄保存液、消毒液(マルチパーパスソリューションなど)など)、点鼻薬、鼻洗浄薬などが挙げられる。本発明の水性組成物は、特に点眼薬、洗眼薬、コンタクトレンズ用剤などの眼科用組成物として有用である。
【0016】
本発明の水性組成物には、抗菌活性を増強するためにモノテルペンを少なくとも1種含有させることができる。本発明の水性組成物に含有させるモノテルペンとしては、メントール、カンフル、ボルネオール、ゲラニオール、シネオール、アネトール、リモネン、オイゲノール等が挙げられる。これらのモノテルペンは、d体、l体又はdl体のいずれでもよいが、清涼感や香りなどの官能面や安全性の面から、1−メントール、d−メントール、dl−メントール、d−カンフル、dl−カンフル、d−ボルネオール及びdl−ボルネオールが好ましい。ゲラニオール、1−メントール、d−カンフル及びd−ボルネオールが特に好ましい。また、前記モノテルペンは、精油に含有した状態で使用することもでき、好ましい精油は、ユーカリ油、ベルガモット油、ペパーミント油、クールミント油、スペアミント油等である。これらのモノテルペンを1種類又は2種類以上み合わせて用いることもできる。
【0017】
本発明の水性組成物中におけるモノテルペンの濃度は、組成物の態様、適用方法、化合物の種類等によって異なるが、通常、0.00001〜0.1重量%、好ましくは0.0001〜0.05重量%の範囲である。特に粘膜適用の水性組成物である場合、濃度範囲は適宜調整される。しかし、眼障害を避けるという観点から、0.1重量%以下であることが好ましく、十分な抗菌活性増強効果を得るという観点から、0.00001重量%以上であることが好ましい。好適な範囲として、例えば、点眼剤又はコンタクトレンズ装着液では、0.0003〜0.05重量%、コンタクトレンズケア用組成物又は洗眼剤では、0.0001〜0.03重量%が採用されるであろう。
【0018】
ソルビン酸又はその塩と、モノテルペンとの割合は、組成物の態様、適用方法、化合物の種類等によって異なるが、通常、ソルビン酸又はその塩1重量部に対して、モノテルペンは、0.0001〜100重量部、好ましくは0.0005〜50重量部、さらに好ましくは0.002〜10重量部、特に好ましくは0.02〜5重量部の割合で用いることができる。
【0019】
本発明の水性組成物は、通常の成分としてのみならず抗菌力を増強するために、ホウ酸及び/又はホウ砂を配合することができる。また、クエン酸及び/又はその塩についても好適に用いられる。本発明の水性組成物中にホウ酸及びホウ砂を配合する場合、その使用量は、組成物の態様、適用方法等によって異なるが、通常、ホウ酸の濃度は、0.1〜2%、特に、0.2〜1%が好ましく、また、ホウ砂の濃度は、0.01〜1%、特に、0.02〜0.5%が好ましい。また、本発明の水性組成物中にクエン酸及び/又はその塩を配合する場合、その使用量は、組成物の態様、適用方法等によって異なるが、通常、クエン酸の濃度は、0.0005〜2%、特に、0.001〜0.5%が好ましく、また、クエン酸塩の濃度は、0.001〜5%、特に、0.005〜2%が好ましい。クエン酸塩としては、特にクエン酸ナトリウムが好ましい。これらを併用する場合にも、上記の好ましい範囲で配合すると好適である。
【0020】
本発明の水性組成物は、本発明の効果を妨げない限り、例えば、ソルビン酸又はその塩、亜鉛塩の他に、種々の成分(薬理活性成分や生理活性成分を含む)を組み合わせて含有してもよい。このような成分の種類は特に制限されず、例えば、充血除去成分、α−アドレナリン作動薬成分、抗炎症薬成分、ビタミン類、アミノ酸類、糖類、局所麻酔薬成分、ステロイド成分、抗ヒスタミン薬成分又は抗アレルギー薬成分、セルロース又はその誘導体又はそれらの塩、多糖類又はその誘導体などが例示できる。本発明において好適な成分としては、例えば、次のような成分が挙げられる。
【0021】
充血除去成分:エピネフリン、エフェドリン、テトラヒドロゾリン、ナファゾリン、フェニレフリン、メチルエフェドリン及びそれらの塩など。
α−アドレナリン作動薬:例えば、イミダゾリン誘導体(ナファゾリン、テトラヒドロゾリンなど)、β−フェニルエチルアミン誘導体(フェニレフリン、エピネフリン、エフェドリン、メチルエフェドリンなど)、及びそれらの薬学上又は生理的に許容される塩(例えば、塩酸ナファゾリン、硝酸ナファゾリン、塩酸テトラヒドロゾリン、硝酸テトラヒドロゾリン、塩酸フェニレフリン、塩酸エピネフリン、塩酸エフェドリン、塩酸メチルエフェドリンなどの無機酸塩;酒石酸水素エピネフリンなどの有機酸塩など)など。
【0022】
抗炎症薬成分:セレコキシブ(celecoxib)、ロフェコキシブ(rofecoxib)、インドメタシン、ジクロフェナク、ジクロフェナクナトリウム、プラノプロフェン、ピロキシカム、メロキシカム(meloxicam)、イプシロン−アミノカプロン酸、ベルベリン及び薬理学的に許容される塩(例えば、塩化ベルベリン、硫酸ベルベリン)、リゾチーム、塩化リゾチーム、サリチル酸メチル、アラントイン、グリチルリチン酸、グリチルリチン酸ジカリウム、グリチルリチン酸アンモニウム、など)など。
【0023】
抗ヒスタミン薬成分又は抗アレルギー薬成分:例えば、クロルフェニラミン、ジフェンヒドラミン、イプロヘプチン、ケトチフェン、エメダスチン、クレマスチン、アゼラスチン、レボカバスチン、オロパタジン、クロモグリク酸、トラニラスト、アンレキサノクス、メキタジン、ロラタジン(loratadine)、フェキソフェナジン(fexofenadine)、セチリジン(cetirizine)、イブジラスト、スプラタスト、ペミロラスト又はその塩(例えば、マレイン酸クロルフェニラミン、塩酸ジフェンヒドラミン、塩酸イプロヘプチン、フマル酸ケトチフェン、フマル酸エメダスチン、フマル酸クレマスチン、塩酸アゼラスチン、塩酸レボカバスチン、塩酸オロパタジン、クロモグリク酸ナトリウムなど)など。
【0024】
ビタミン類:例えば、ビタミンA類[例えば、レチナール、レチノール、レチノイン酸、カロチン、デヒドロレチナール、リコピン及びその薬理学的に許容される塩類(例えば、酢酸レチノール、パルミチン酸レチノールなど)など]、ビタミンB類[塩酸チアミン、硝酸チアミン、硝酸ビスチアミン、チアミンジスルフィド、チアミンジセチル硝酸エステル塩、塩酸ジセチアミン、塩酸フルスルチアミン、オクトチアミン、シコチアミン、ビスイブチアミン、ビスベンチアミン、フルスルチアミン、プロスルチアミン、ベンフォチアミン、フラビンアデニンジヌクレオチドナトリウム、リボフラビン、リン酸リボフラビンナトリウム、酪酸リボフラビン、塩酸ピリドキシン、リン酸ピリドキサール、塩酸ヒドロキソコバラミン、酢酸ヒドロキソコバラミン、シアノコバラミン、ヒドロキソコバラミン、ニコチン酸、ニコチン酸アミド、パンテノール、パントテン酸カルシウム、パントテン酸ナトリウム、ビオチンなど]、ビタミンC類[アスコルビン酸及びその誘導体、エリソルビン酸及びその誘導体及びその薬理学的に許容される塩類(例えば、アスコルビン酸ナトリウム、エリソルビン酸ナトリウムなど)など]、ビタミンD類[例えば、エルゴカルシフェロール、コレカルシフェロール、ヒドロキシコレカルシフェロール、ジヒドロキシコレカルシフェロール、ジヒドロタキステロール及びその薬理学的に許容される塩類など)など]、ビタミンE類[例えば、トコフェロール及びその誘導体、ユビキノン誘導体及びその薬理学的に許容される塩類(酢酸トコフェロール、ニコチン酸トコフェロール、コハク酸トコフェロール、コハク酸トコフェロールカルシウムなど)など]、その他のビタミン類[例えば、カルニチン、フェルラ酸、γ−オリザノール、オロチン酸、ルチン、エリオシトリン、ヘスペリジン及びその薬理学的に許容される塩類(塩化カルニチンなど)など]。
【0025】
アミノ酸類:例えば、ロイシン、イソイロイシン、バリン、メチオニン、トレオニン、アラニン、フェニルアラニン、トリプトファン、リジン、グリシン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、セリン、グルタミン、グルタミン酸、プロリン、チロシン、システイン、ヒスチジン、オルニチン、ヒドロキシプロリン、ヒドロキシリジン、グリシルグリシン、アミノエチルスルホン酸(タウリン)又はその塩(例えばアスパラギン酸カリウム、アスパラギン酸マグネシウム、塩酸システインなど)など。
【0026】
糖類:単糖類(例えば、グルコースなど)、二糖類(例えば、トレハロース、ラクトース、フルクトースなど)、オリゴ糖類(例えば、ラクツロース、ラフィノース、プルランなど)、セルロース又はその誘導体(例えば、メチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、カルボキシエチルセルロースなど)、高分子糖類(例えば、コンドロイチン硫酸、ヒアルロン酸など)及びその薬理学的に許容される塩類(例えば、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウム、ヒアルロン酸ナトリウムなど))、糖アルコール類(例えば、マンニトール、キシリトール、ソルビトールなど)など。
【0027】
局所麻酔薬成分:リドカイン、オキシプロカイン、ジプカイン、プロカイン、アミノ安息香酸エチル、メプリルカイン、及びそれらの塩(塩酸リドカイン、塩酸オキシブプロカインなど)など。
ステロイド成分:ヒドロコルチゾン、プレドニゾロン、及びそれらの塩など。
【0028】
セルロース又はその誘導体又はそれらの塩:メチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、カルボキシエチルセルロース、セルロースなど。
【0029】
多糖類又はその誘導体:アラビアゴム、カラヤガム、キサンタンガム、キャロブガム、グアーガム、グアヤク脂、クインスシード、ダルマンガム、トラガント、ベンゾインゴム、ローカストビーンガム、カゼイン、寒天、アルギン酸、デキストリン、デキストラン、カラギーナン、ゼラチン、コラーゲン、ペクチン、デンプン、ポリガラクツロン酸(アルギン酸)、キチン及びその誘導体、キトサン及びその誘導体、エラスチン、ヘパリン、ヘパリノイド、ヘパリン硫酸、ヘパラン硫酸、ヒアルロン酸、コンドロイチン硫酸又はその塩(アルギン酸ナトリウム、ヒアルロン酸ナトリウム、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウムなど)など
その他の成分:ポリビニルアルコール(完全又は部分ケン化物)、ポリビニルピロリドンなど。
【0030】
水性組成物中のこれらの成分の配合量は製剤の種類、活性成分の種類などに応じて適宜選択され、内服用、外皮用、粘膜用製剤などにおける各種成分の配合量は当該技術分野で既知である。例えば、製剤全体に対して0.0001〜30%、好ましくは、0.001〜10%程度の範囲から選択できる。
より具体的には,眼粘膜適用用水性組成物中の各成分の含有量は、例えば、以下の通りである。
【0031】
充血除去成分(血管収縮薬又は交感神経興奮薬):例えば、0.0001〜0.5%、好ましくは、0.0005〜0.3%、さらに好ましくは0.001〜0.1%。
抗炎症薬成分又は収斂薬成分:例えば、0.0001〜10%、好ましくは0.0001〜5%。
抗ヒスタミン薬成分又は抗アレルギー薬成分:例えば、0.0001〜10%、好ましくは0.001〜5%。
ビタミン類:例えば、0.0001〜1%、好ましくは、0.0001〜0.5%。
アミノ酸類:例えば、0.0001〜10%、好ましくは0.001〜3%。
糖類:例えば、0.0001〜5%、好ましくは0.001〜5%、さらに好ましくは0.01〜2%。
局所麻酔薬成分:例えば、0.001〜1%、好ましくは0.01〜1%。
セルロース又はその誘導体又はそれらの塩:例えば、0.001〜5%、好ましくは0.01〜1%。
多糖類又はその誘導体:例えば、0.0001〜2%、好ましくは0.01〜2%、さらに好ましくは0.01〜1%。
ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリビニルアルコール:例えば、0.001〜10%、好ましくは0.001〜5%、さらに好ましくは0.01〜3%。
【0032】
さらに、本発明の水性組成物には、所望により、抗菌薬成分や殺菌薬成分を含有させることができる。具体的には、抗菌薬又は殺菌薬成分としては、例えば、スルホンアミド類(例えば、スルファメトキサゾール、スルフイソキサゾール、スルフイソミジン及び薬理学的に許容される塩(スルファメトキサゾールナトリウム、スルフイソミジンナトリウムなど)、アクリノール、第4級アンモニウム化合物(例えば、ベンザルコニウム、ベンゼトニウム、セチルピリジニウム)、及び薬理学的に許容される塩(塩化ベンザルコニウム、塩化ベンゼトニウム、塩化セチルピリジニウム、臭化セチルピリジニウムなど)、アルキルポリアミノエチルグリシン、ニューキノロン剤(ロメフロキサシン、レボフロキサシン、シプロフロキサシン、オフロキサシン、ノルフロキサシン、塩酸シプロフロキサシンなど)、ビグアニド類(ポリヘキサメチレンビグアニド、クロルヘキシジン又はその塩など)、ベルベリン又はその塩、塩化ポリドロニウム、Glokill(商品名、ローディア社製)、ポリジアリルジメチルアンモニウムクロライド、ポリ[オキシエチレン(ジメチルイミニオ)エチレン−(ジメチルイミニオ)エトレンジクロリド]、パラベン類(安息香酸メチル、アミノ安息香酸エチルなど)などが使用できる。
【0033】
本発明の水性組成物にこれらの抗菌薬又は殺菌薬成分を、0.001〜10%、好ましくは、0.01〜10%の濃度で含有させても良い。
【0034】
本発明の眼科用水性組成物は、優れた抗菌力が維持されることを条件として、特定の形態に限定されず、種々の担体(水性担体、親水性担体、油性担体、液状担体など)と組み合わせて、目的に応じて、半固形剤(軟膏剤)、液剤などの様々な剤形に製剤化することができる。しかし、使用の簡便性から、液剤であることが好ましい。
【0035】
また、本発明の水性組成物には、発明の効果を損なわない範囲であれば、その用途や形態に応じて、常法に従い、様々な成分や添加物を適宜選択し、一種又はそれ以上を併用して含有させてもよい。それらの成分又は添加物として、例えば、半固形剤や液剤などの調製に一般的に使用される担体(水、水性溶媒、水性又は油性基剤など)、増粘剤、界面活性剤、防腐剤、殺菌剤、抗菌剤、pH調節剤、等張化剤、無機塩類、キレート剤、緩衝剤、溶解補助剤、懸濁化剤、乳化剤、抗酸化剤、香料などの各種添加剤を挙げることができる。
【0036】
以下に本発明の水性組成物に使用される代表的な成分を例示するが、これらに限定されない。
【0037】
増粘剤:例えば、多糖類又はその誘導体(アラビアゴム、カラヤガム、キサンタンガム、キャロブガム、グアーガム、グアヤク脂、クインスシード、ダルマンガム、トラガント、ベンゾインゴム、ローカストビーンガム、カゼイン、寒天、アルギン酸、デキストリン、デキストラン、カラギーナン、ゼラチン、コラーゲン、ペクチン、デンプン、ポリガラクツロン酸、キチン及びその誘導体、キトサン及びその誘導体、エラスチン、ヘパリン、ヘパリノイド、ヘパリン硫酸、ヘパラン硫酸、ヒアルロン酸、コンドロイチン硫酸など)、セラミド、セルロース誘導体(メチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、カルボキシエチルセルロース、セルロースなど)、ポリビニルアルコール(完全、又は部分ケン化物)、ポリビニルピロリドン、マクロゴール、ポリビニルメタアクリレート、ポリアクリル酸、カルボキシビニルポリマー、ポリエチレンイミン、リボ核酸、デオキシリボ核酸など、及びその薬理学的に許容される塩類など。
【0038】
糖類:例えば、グルコース、フルクトース、ガラクトース、マンノース、リボース、リブロース、アラビノース、キシロース、リキソース、デオキシリボース、マルトース、トレハロース、スクロース、セロビオース、ラクトース、プルラン、ラクツロース、ラフィノース、マルチトールなど、及びその薬理学的に許容される塩類など。
【0039】
界面活性剤:例えば、ポリオキシエチレン(POE)−ポリオキシプロピレン(POP)ブロックコポリマー (例えば、ポロクサマー407 、ポロクサマー235 、ポロクサマー188 など) 、エチレンジアミンのポリオキシエチレン-ポリオキシプロピレンブロックコポリマー付加物(例えば、ポロキサミン)、モノラウリル酸POE(20)ソルビタン(ポリソルベート20) 、モノオレイン酸POE(20)ソルビタン (ポリソルベート80) などのPOEソルビタン脂肪酸エステル類、POE(60)硬化ヒマシ油などのPOE硬化ヒマシ油、POE(9) ラウリルエーテルなどのPOEアルキルエーテル類、POE(20)POP(4) セチルエーテルなどのPOE・POPアルキルエーテル類、POE(10)ノニルフェニルエーテルなどのPOEアルキルフェニルエーテル類などの非イオン性界面活性剤;アルキルジアミノエチルグリシンなどのグリシン型、ラウリルジメチルアミノ酢酸ベタインなどの酢酸ベタイン型、イミダゾリン型などの両性界面活性剤;POE(10)ラウリルエーテルリン酸ナトリウムなどのPOEアルキルエーテルリン酸及びその塩、ラウロイルメチルアラニンナトリウムなどのN−アシルアミノ酸塩、アルキルエーテルカルボン酸塩、N−ココイルメチルタウリンナトリウムなどのN−アシルタウリン塩、テトラデセンスルホン酸ナトリウムなどのスルホン酸塩、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウムなどのアルキル硫酸塩、POE(3) ラウリルエーテル硫酸ナトリウムなどのPOEアルキルエーテル硫酸塩、α−オレフィンスルホン酸塩などの陰イオン界面活性剤;アルキルアミン塩、アルキル4級アンモニウム塩(塩化ベンザルコニウム、塩化ベンゼトニウムなど)、アルキルピリジニウム塩(塩化セチルピリジニウム、臭化セチルピリジニウムなど)などの陽イオン界面活性剤などが挙げられる。なお、括弧内の数字は付加モル数を示す。
【0040】
防腐剤、殺菌剤又は抗菌剤:例えば、パラオキシ安息香酸エステル(パラオキシ安息香酸メチル、パラオキシ安息香酸エチル、パラオキシ安息香酸プロピル、パラオキシ安息香酸ブチルなど)、アクリノール、塩化メチルロザニリン、塩化ベンザルコニウム、塩化ベンゼトニウム、塩化セチルピリジニウム、臭化セチルピリジニウム、クロルヘキシジン、ポリヘキサメチレンビグアニド、アルキルポリアミノエチルグリシン、ベンジルアルコール、フェネチルアルコール、クロロブタノール、イソプロパノール、エタノール、フェノキシエタノール、リン酸ジルコニウムの銀などの担持体、チメロサール、デヒドロ酢酸、クロルキシレノール、クロロフェン、レゾルシン、チモール、ヒノキチオール、スルファミン、リゾチーム、ラクトフェリン、トリクロサン、8−ヒドロキシキノリン、ウンデシレン酸、カプリル酸、プロピオン酸、安息香酸、プロピオン酸、ハロカルバン、チアベンダゾール、ポリミキシンB、5−クロロ−2−メチル−4−イソチアゾリン−3−オン、2−メチル−4−イソチアゾリン−3−オン、ポリリジン、過酸化水素、塩化ポリドロニウム、Glokill(商品名例えばGlokill PQ、ローディア社製)、ポリジアリルジメチルアンモニウムクロライド、ポリ[オキシエチレン(ジメチルイミニオ)エチレン−(ジメチルイミニオ)エトレンジクロリド、ポリエチレンポリアミン、ジメチルアミンエピクロルヒドリン重縮合物(商品名、例えばBusan1157、バックマン・ラボラトリーズ社製)など。
【0041】
pH調整剤:例えば、無機酸(塩酸、硫酸、リン酸、ポリリン酸、ホウ酸など)、有機酸(乳酸、酢酸、クエン酸、酒石酸、リンゴ酸、コハク酸、シュウ酸、グルコン酸、フマル酸、プロピオン酸、酢酸、アスパラギン酸、イプシロン−アミノカプロン酸、グルタミン酸、アミノエチルスルホン酸など)、グルコノラクトン、酢酸アンモニウム、無機塩基(炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カルシウム、水酸化マグネシウムなど)、有機塩基(モノエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン、ジイソプロパノールアミン、トリイソプロパノールアミン、リジンなど)、ホウ砂、及びその薬理学的に許容される塩類など。
【0042】
等張化剤:例えば、グリセリン、プロピレングリコールなどの多価アルコール、糖類(ブトウ糖,マンニトール,ソルビトールなど)など。
【0043】
無機塩類:例えば、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、塩化カルシウム、硫酸マグネシウム、リン酸水素ナトリウム、リン酸水素二ナトリウム、リン酸水素二カリウム、チオ硫酸ナトリウム、酢酸ナトリウムなど。
【0044】
香料又は清涼化剤:例えば、メントール、カンフル、ボルネオール、ゲラニオール、ユーカリ油、ベルガモット油、ウイキョウ油、ハッカ油、ケイヒ油、ローズ油、ペパーミント油など。
【0045】
本発明の水性組成物は、必要に応じて、生体に許容される範囲内のpH及び/又は浸透圧に調節する必要がある。適切なpH、浸透圧は適用部位、剤形等により異なるが、通常、pH3.0〜10.0、好ましくは4.0〜8.5、特に好ましくは4.0〜7.0である。浸透圧は、100〜1200mOsm、好ましくは100〜600mOsm、特に好ましくは150〜450mOsm程度であり、生理食塩液に対する浸透圧比は、通常、0.3〜4.1、好ましくは0.3〜2.1、特に好ましくは0.5〜1.4程度である。特に水性組成物が眼科用組成物である場合、刺激を緩和するために、通常、pHは4.0〜9.0、好ましくは4.0〜8.0、特に好ましくは4.0〜7.0;浸透圧は、100〜1200mOsm、好ましくは100〜600mOsm、特に好ましくは150〜400mOsm;生理食塩液に対する浸透圧比は、通常、0.4〜4.0、好ましくは0.6〜2.5、特に好ましくは0.8〜1.6の範囲である。なお、pHの調整は、緩衝剤、前記pH調整剤、前記等張化剤、前記無機塩類などを用いて行うことができる。
【0046】
ここで、緩衝剤としては、ホウ酸緩衝剤、リン酸緩衝剤、炭酸緩衝剤、クエン酸緩衝剤、酢酸緩衝剤、イプシロン−アミノカプロン酸、アスパラギン酸塩などが挙げられる。これらの緩衝剤は組み合わせて使用しても良い。好ましい緩衝剤は、ホウ酸緩衝剤、リン酸緩衝剤、炭酸緩衝剤及びクエン酸緩衝剤である。特に好ましい緩衝剤は、ホウ酸緩衝剤、クエン酸緩衝剤又はリン酸緩衝剤である。ホウ酸緩衝剤としては、ホウ酸アルカリ金属塩、ホウ酸アルカリ土類金属塩などのホウ酸塩が挙げられる。クエン酸緩衝剤としては、クエン酸アルカリ金属塩などが挙げられる。リン酸緩衝剤としては、リン酸アルカリ金属塩、リン酸アルカリ土類金属塩などのリン酸塩が挙げられる。また、ホウ酸緩衝剤、クエン酸緩衝剤又はリン酸緩衝剤として、ホウ酸塩、クエン酸塩又はリン酸塩の水和物を用いてもよい。より具体的には、ホウ酸又はその塩 (ホウ酸ナトリウム、テトラホウ酸カリウム、メタホウ酸カリウムなど) 、リン酸又はその塩 (リン酸水素ナトリウム、リン酸二水素ナトリウム、リン酸二水素カリウムなど)、炭酸又はその塩(炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウムなど)、クエン酸又はその塩(クエン酸ナトリウム、クエン酸カリウムなど)が挙げられる。緩衝剤として、ホウ酸緩衝剤、クエン酸緩衝剤又はリン酸緩衝剤を用いる場合、本発明の水性組成物中におけるこれらの緩衝剤の濃度は、例えば、0.0001〜10.0重量%程度である。
【0047】
本発明の水性組成物は公知の方法により製造することができる。半固形剤、液剤は、基剤と各成分とを混合し、調製できる。さらに、必要により、ろ過滅菌処理工程や、容器への充填工程等を加えることができる。本発明の眼科用組成物についても、上記の公知の方法により製造できるが、より具体的には、例えば点眼薬、洗眼薬又はコンタクトレンズ用剤であれば、ソルビン酸又はその塩と、亜鉛塩と、その他の配合成分とを精製水に溶解し、所定の浸透圧及びpHに調整し、無菌環境下、ろ過滅菌処理し、洗浄滅菌済みの容器に無菌充填することにより製造できる。
【0048】
【実施例】
以下に、実施例に基づいて本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によって限定されるものではない。
【0049】
試験例1 抗菌力試験
(1)第14改正日本薬局方参考情報「保存効力試験法」を参考に、試験菌としてEscherichia coliを用いて以下の表1に記載の本発明の実施例及び比較例にかかる水性組成物の保存効力を試験した。
【0050】
【表1】
【0051】
(2)抗菌力試験の結果
pH4の場合における、24時間後、48時間後、1週間後の試験結果を以下の表2に示す。
【表2】
【0052】
pH6の場合における、24時間後、48時間後、1週間後及び2週間後の試験結果を以下の表3に示す。
【表3】
上記の試験結果は、ソルビン酸カリウムに、亜鉛塩を配合することにより、pH4.0においてもpH6.0においても生菌数が減少していることを示しており、本発明の水性組成物は増強された抗菌力を有することが確認された。
【0053】
実施例4−35 眼科用水性組成物
以下の表4〜9に記載の処方に従い、各配合成分を滅菌精製水に溶解させ、浸透圧並びにpHを調製後、全量を100mLとし、滅菌ろ過して、容器に充填し、点眼薬(剤)、洗眼薬(剤)、コンタクトレンズ用液剤を調製した。
【0054】
【表4】
【0055】
【表5】
【0056】
【表6】
【0057】
【表7】
【0058】
【表8】
【0059】
【表9】
【0060】
実施例36−38 内服用水性組成物
以下の表10に記載の処方により、常法に従って各実施例の内服用水性組成物を製造した。
【0061】
【表10】
【0062】
実施例39−41 外皮用水性組成物
以下の表11に記載の処方により、常法に従って各実施例の外皮用水性組成物を製造した。
【0063】
【表11】
【0064】
実施例42−59 眼科用水性組成物
以下の表12〜14に記載の処方に従い、各配合成分を滅菌精製水に溶解させ、浸透圧並びにpHを調製後、全量を100mLとし、滅菌ろ過して、容器に充填し、点眼薬(剤)、洗眼薬(剤)、コンタクトレンズ用液剤(CL用剤)を調製した。
【0065】
【表12】
【0066】
【表13】
【0067】
【表14】
【0068】
【発明の効果】
本発明の水性組成物は、ソルビン酸又はその塩と、硫酸亜鉛又はオキシカルボン酸亜鉛塩を同時に含有することにより、それぞれを単独で用いた場合に比較して有意に優れた抗菌力を示す。ソルビン酸は安全性も高く、眼粘膜などの粘膜適用製剤にも安全に使用できるため、本発明の水性組成物は外皮や内服用の水性組成物のみならず、点眼薬、洗眼薬、眼軟膏薬、コンタクトレンズ装着液、コンタクトレンズ用剤(洗浄液、保存液、洗浄保存液、消毒液など)、点鼻薬、鼻洗浄薬といった粘膜適用組成物としても極めて有用である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an aqueous composition with improved antimicrobial activity.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A preservative (bactericidal or bacteriostatic agent) is added to aqueous compositions applied to living bodies such as pharmaceuticals and cosmetics in order to prevent contamination by microorganisms. The type of preservative used is appropriately selected according to the type of composition, taking into account the presence or absence of irritation and the degree of antibacterial effect. For example, in ophthalmic aqueous compositions such as eye drops (agents), as preservatives, cationic surfactants such as benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, and amphoteric surfactants such as alkylpolyaminoethylglycine Parabens, chlorobutanol and sorbic acid are used alone or in combination. Among these, sorbic acid or a salt thereof is used in various fields because of its low damage to cells such as corneal epithelial cells compared to other preservatives such as benzalkonium chloride, It is also widely used in ophthalmic aqueous compositions. However, there is a problem that the antiseptic action is low. In particular, there is a problem that the antiseptic action is weak at a high pH and a stable antiseptic power cannot be obtained.
[0003]
Conventionally, in order to solve such problems, a highly antiseptic buffer such as boric acid is blended at the same time, or a perfume and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof are blended (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-292793), etc. However, the effect is not sufficient, and a method for stably improving the antiseptic effect of sorbic acid or a salt thereof has been strongly demanded. Such a method broadens the use of sorbic acid or a salt thereof as a preservative for a wide range of aqueous compositions, and thus is useful not only in medicine but also in the field of cosmetics, etc. It is possible to provide a prepared aqueous composition.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide an aqueous composition containing sorbic acid or a salt thereof which stably exhibits a high antiseptic effect and has high safety.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have appropriately formulated sorbic acid or a salt thereof and a zinc salt such as zinc sulfate or zinc oxycarboxylate into the aqueous composition. The inventors have found that the antiseptic effect is higher than expected, and have completed the present invention.
[0006]
That is, the present invention
(1) An aqueous composition comprising sorbic acid or a salt thereof and a zinc salt,
(2) The aqueous composition according to (1), wherein the zinc salt is selected from zinc oxycarboxylate and zinc sulfate,
(3) The aqueous composition according to (1) or (2), further comprising a monoterpene,
(4) The aqueous composition according to any one of (1) to (3), which is a composition for mucosal application,
(5) The aqueous composition according to any one of (1) to (4), which is an ophthalmic composition, and
(6) The present invention relates to a method for enhancing the antibacterial activity of an aqueous composition by adding a zinc salt to an aqueous composition containing sorbic acid or a salt thereof.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present specification, unless otherwise specified,% means w / v%.
Further, the term “contact lens (CL)” is used in the sense of including all types of contact lenses such as hard, oxygen-permeable hard, and soft unless otherwise specified.
[0008]
As sorbic acid or a salt thereof, sorbic acid or a pharmacologically or physiologically acceptable salt can be used. Examples of pharmacologically or physiologically acceptable salts include salts with organic bases (for example, salts with organic amines such as methylamine, triethylamine, triethanolamine, morpholine, piperazine, pyrrolidine, amino acids, tripyridine, and picoline). And salts with inorganic bases (for example, ammonium salts, alkali metals such as sodium and potassium, alkaline earth metals such as calcium and magnesium, salts with metals such as aluminum, etc.) and the like. Specific examples include sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, sodium sorbate, and triclocarban sorbate. Preferred are salts with inorganic bases and sorbic acid, and sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, sodium sorbate and the like are particularly preferred.
Sorbic acid or a salt thereof can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0009]
The amount of sorbic acid or a salt thereof used in the aqueous composition of the present invention varies depending on the composition aspect, application method, type of compound, etc., but is usually in the range of 0.0001 to 10%. Specifically, in the case of an aqueous composition for internal use, it is in the range of 0.001 to 10%, preferably 0.01 to 5%, more preferably 0.05 to 1%. In the case of an aqueous composition for skin, 0.0001 -2%, preferably 0.001-1%, more preferably 0.005-0.5%, and in the case of an aqueous composition for mucosa, 0.0001-10%, preferably 0.001-5%, more preferably 0.01- The range is 1%.
[0010]
As the zinc salt, zinc oxycarboxylate such as zinc lactate, zinc glycolate, zinc hydroxybutyrate, glycerin zinc, zinc malate, zinc tartrate, zinc citrate, and zinc sulfate can be used. Preferred salts are zinc lactate, zinc sulfate and the like. Zinc lactate and zinc sulfate also act as astringents and are less irritating when administered to mucous membranes that are sensitive to irritation such as ocular mucosa, so use in aqueous compositions for mucous membranes such as eye drops and nasal drops In particular, it is preferable because of its high safety when used in an ophthalmic composition.
[0011]
The amount of zinc salt used in the aqueous composition of the present invention is usually in the range of 0.0001 to 5%, although it varies depending on the form of the composition, the application method, the type of compound, and the like. Specifically, in the case of an aqueous composition for internal use, it is in the range of 0.0001 to 5%, preferably 0.0005 to 1%, more preferably 0.002 to 0.5%, and in the case of an aqueous composition for skin, 0.0005 to 5%. 5%, preferably 0.001 to 2%, more preferably 0.01 to 0.5%. In the case of an aqueous composition for mucous membrane application (aqueous solution), 0.0001 to 5%, preferably 0.001 to 2%, Preferably, it is 0.005 to 0.5% of range. Zinc salts can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0012]
The ratio of sorbic acid or a salt thereof to a zinc salt varies depending on the composition, application method, type of compound, etc., but the zinc salt is usually 0.0001 to 1 part by weight of sorbic acid or a salt thereof. 1000 parts by weight, preferably 0.0005 to 500 parts by weight, more preferably 0.001 to 50 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.005 to 10 parts by weight.
[0013]
The present invention is based on the finding that when sorbic acid or a salt thereof and a zinc salt are allowed to coexist in an aqueous composition, the antibacterial effect is so high as to be unpredictable when each is used alone. The composition of the present invention can be applied to all fields as long as such antibacterial action is required, and can be used in a wide range of fields such as pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs, cosmetics, and foods.
[0014]
If the aqueous composition of this invention is a composition containing water, the form is arbitrary and can take a various form according to the objective. For example, it may be jelly-like, liquid, semi-solid (such as ointment). Specifically, it can be formulated into a dosage form such as a composition for oral administration such as a jelly-like agent, a liquid agent and a soft capsule, or a mucosa application composition such as a liquid agent and a semi-solid agent (ointment). Since the aqueous composition of the present invention is high and has stable antiseptic power and excellent safety, it is useful as an aqueous composition for internal use, for skin, for mucosa application, and for contact lenses. In particular, it is suitable for use as a preparation for application to mucous membranes such as ocular mucosa, nasal mucosa, oral mucosa and large intestine mucosa, especially as an application for ocular mucosa. In addition, since sorbic acid has almost no adsorptivity to contact lenses, not only formulations that are applied directly to the ocular mucosa during or during wearing of contact lenses, but also any contact lenses including solutions for contact lenses that are indirect application. It is also effective as a lens solution.
[0015]
Specific examples of the aqueous composition of the present invention include pharmaceuticals, foods, and cosmetics such as aqueous preparations for internal use and external use, ophthalmic and otolaryngology. Further, as specific examples, eye drops (including eye drops that can be used while wearing contact lenses), eye drops (agents) (including eye drops that can also be used while wearing contact lenses), Ophthalmic ointment (agent), contact lens mounting solution, contact lens agent (cleaning solution, preservative solution, cleaning preservative solution, disinfecting solution (multipurpose solution etc.)), nasal drops, nasal cleansing agents and the like. The aqueous composition of the present invention is particularly useful as an ophthalmic composition such as an eye drop, an eye wash, and a contact lens preparation.
[0016]
The aqueous composition of the present invention can contain at least one monoterpene in order to enhance antibacterial activity. Examples of monoterpenes contained in the aqueous composition of the present invention include menthol, camphor, borneol, geraniol, cineol, anethole, limonene, eugenol and the like. These monoterpenes may be either d-form, l-form or dl-form, but 1-menthol, d-menthol, dl-menthol, d-camphor from the viewpoints of sensory aspects such as refreshment and fragrance and safety. Dl-camphor, d-borneol and dl-borneol are preferred. Geraniol, 1-menthol, d-camphor and d-borneol are particularly preferred. The monoterpene can also be used in the state of being contained in essential oil, and preferred essential oils are eucalyptus oil, bergamot oil, peppermint oil, cool mint oil, spearmint oil and the like. These monoterpenes can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0017]
The concentration of monoterpene in the aqueous composition of the present invention varies depending on the form of the composition, the application method, the kind of the compound, etc., but is usually in the range of 0.00001 to 0.1% by weight, preferably 0.0001 to 0.05% by weight. In particular, in the case of an aqueous composition applied to mucosa, the concentration range is appropriately adjusted. However, from the viewpoint of avoiding eye damage, it is preferably 0.1% by weight or less, and from the viewpoint of obtaining a sufficient antibacterial activity enhancing effect, it is preferably 0.00001% by weight or more. As a suitable range, for example, 0.0003 to 0.05% by weight for an eye drop or contact lens mounting solution, and 0.0001 to 0.03% by weight for a contact lens care composition or eye wash will be employed.
[0018]
The ratio of sorbic acid or a salt thereof to monoterpene varies depending on the form of the composition, the application method, the type of the compound, etc., but the monoterpene is usually 0.0001 to 1 part by weight of sorbic acid or a salt thereof. 100 parts by weight, preferably 0.0005 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 0.002 to 10 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.02 to 5 parts by weight.
[0019]
The aqueous composition of the present invention can be blended with boric acid and / or borax in order to enhance antibacterial activity as well as normal components. Further, citric acid and / or a salt thereof is also preferably used. When boric acid and borax are blended in the aqueous composition of the present invention, the amount used varies depending on the form of the composition, the application method, etc., but the concentration of boric acid is usually 0.1-2%, in particular, 0.2 to 1% is preferable, and the concentration of borax is preferably 0.01 to 1%, and particularly preferably 0.02 to 0.5%. In addition, when citric acid and / or a salt thereof is blended in the aqueous composition of the present invention, the amount used varies depending on the form of the composition, the application method, etc., but the concentration of citric acid is usually 0.0005-2. %, In particular 0.001 to 0.5% is preferable, and the concentration of citrate is preferably 0.001 to 5%, particularly preferably 0.005 to 2%. As the citrate, sodium citrate is particularly preferable. Even when these are used in combination, it is preferable that they are blended within the above preferred range.
[0020]
The aqueous composition of the present invention contains various components (including pharmacologically active ingredients and physiologically active ingredients) in combination with, for example, sorbic acid or a salt thereof and a zinc salt, as long as the effects of the present invention are not hindered. May be. There are no particular restrictions on the types of such components, such as decongestants, α-adrenergic agonist components, anti-inflammatory components, vitamins, amino acids, saccharides, local anesthetic components, steroid components, antihistamine components. Or an antiallergic agent component, a cellulose or its derivative (s) or those salts, a polysaccharide or its derivative (s) can be illustrated. Examples of suitable components in the present invention include the following components.
[0021]
Decongestant: epinephrine, ephedrine, tetrahydrozoline, naphazoline, phenylephrine, methylephedrine and their salts.
α-adrenergic agonists: for example, imidazoline derivatives (such as naphazoline, tetrahydrozoline), β-phenylethylamine derivatives (such as phenylephrine, epinephrine, ephedrine, methylephedrine), and pharmaceutically or physiologically acceptable salts thereof (for example, Inorganic acid salts such as naphazoline hydrochloride, naphazoline hydrochloride, tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride, tetrahydrozoline nitrate, phenylephrine hydrochloride, epinephrine hydrochloride, ephedrine hydrochloride, and methylephedrine hydrochloride; organic acid salts such as epinephrine hydrogen tartrate).
[0022]
Anti-inflammatory ingredients: celecoxib, rofecoxib, indomethacin, diclofenac, diclofenac sodium, pranoprofen, piroxicam, meloxicam, epsilon-aminocaproic acid, berberine and pharmacologically acceptable salts (eg Berberine chloride, berberine sulfate), lysozyme, lysozyme chloride, methyl salicylate, allantoin, glycyrrhizic acid, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, ammonium glycyrrhizinate, etc.).
[0023]
Antihistamine component or antiallergic component: for example, chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, iproheptin, ketotifen, emedastine, clemastine, azelastine, levocabastine, olopatadine, cromoglycic acid, tranilast, amlexanox, mequitazine, loratadine (loratadine) fexofenadine), cetirizine, ibudilast, suplatast, pemirolast or a salt thereof (eg, chlorpheniramine maleate, diphenhydramine hydrochloride, iproheptin hydrochloride, ketotifen fumarate, emedastine fumarate, clemastine fumarate, azelastine hydrochloride, levocastin hydrochloride, Olopatadine, sodium cromoglycate, etc.).
[0024]
Vitamins: For example, vitamins A [eg, retinal, retinol, retinoic acid, carotene, dehydroretinal, lycopene and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof (eg, retinol acetate, retinol palmitate, etc.), vitamin B Thiamine hydrochloride, thiamine nitrate, bis-thiamine nitrate, thiamine disulfide, thiamine dicetyl nitrate ester salt, dicetiamine hydrochloride, fursultiamine hydrochloride, octothiamine, chicotiamine, bis-butyamine, bisbenchamine, fursultiamine, prosultiamine, Benfotiamine, flavin adenine dinucleotide sodium, riboflavin, sodium riboflavin phosphate, riboflavin butyrate, pyridoxine hydrochloride, pyridoxal phosphate, hydroxocobalamin hydrochloride, hydroxyl acetate Socobalamin, cyanocobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, nicotinic acid, nicotinic acid amide, panthenol, calcium pantothenate, sodium pantothenate, biotin, etc.], vitamin C [ascorbic acid and derivatives thereof, erythorbic acid and derivatives thereof and pharmacologically thereof Acceptable salts (eg, sodium ascorbate, sodium erythorbate, etc.)], vitamin D [eg, ergocalciferol, cholecalciferol, hydroxycholecalciferol, dihydroxycholecalciferol, dihydrotaxosterol and their pharmacology ), Vitamin E [for example, tocopherol and derivatives thereof, ubiquinone derivatives and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof (tocopherol acetate, nico Tocopherol thiolate, tocopherol succinate, calcium tocopherol succinate, etc.)], other vitamins [eg carnitine, ferulic acid, γ-oryzanol, orotic acid, rutin, eriocitrin, hesperidin and their pharmacologically acceptable Salts (such as carnitine chloride)].
[0025]
Amino acids: for example, leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, threonine, alanine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, lysine, glycine, asparagine, aspartic acid, serine, glutamine, glutamic acid, proline, tyrosine, cysteine, histidine, ornithine, hydroxyproline, hydroxy Lysine, glycylglycine, aminoethylsulfonic acid (taurine) or a salt thereof (for example, potassium aspartate, magnesium aspartate, cysteine hydrochloride, etc.) and the like.
[0026]
Sugars: monosaccharides (eg glucose), disaccharides (eg trehalose, lactose, fructose etc.), oligosaccharides (eg lactulose, raffinose, pullulan etc.), cellulose or derivatives thereof (eg methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose) , Hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxyethyl cellulose, etc.), high molecular sugars (eg, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, etc.) and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof (eg, sodium chondroitin sulfate, sodium hyaluronate, etc.)), Sugar alcohols (for example, mannitol, xylitol, sorbitol, etc.)
[0027]
Local anesthetic components: lidocaine, oxyprocaine, dipcaine, procaine, ethyl aminobenzoate, meprilucaine, and salts thereof (such as lidocaine hydrochloride and oxybuprocaine hydrochloride).
Steroid component: Hydrocortisone, prednisolone, and salts thereof.
[0028]
Cellulose or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof: methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, carboxyethylcellulose, cellulose and the like.
[0029]
Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof: gum arabic, karaya gum, xanthan gum, carob gum, guar gum, guaiac gum, quince seed, dalman gum, tragacanth, benzoin gum, locust bean gum, casein, agar, alginic acid, dextrin, dextran, carrageenan, gelatin, collagen, Pectin, starch, polygalacturonic acid (alginate), chitin and derivatives thereof, chitosan and derivatives thereof, elastin, heparin, heparinoid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate or a salt thereof (sodium alginate, sodium hyaluronate, chondroitin) Such as sodium sulfate)
Other components: polyvinyl alcohol (completely or partially saponified product), polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc.
[0030]
The amount of these components in the aqueous composition is appropriately selected according to the type of preparation, the type of active ingredient, etc., and the amounts of various components in internal use, skin use, mucosal preparation, etc. are known in the art. It is. For example, it can be selected from the range of about 0.0001 to 30%, preferably about 0.001 to 10% with respect to the whole preparation.
More specifically, the content of each component in the aqueous composition for ocular mucosa application is, for example, as follows.
[0031]
Decongestant component (vasoconstrictor or sympathomimetic drug): For example, 0.0001 to 0.5%, preferably 0.0005 to 0.3%, more preferably 0.001 to 0.1%.
Anti-inflammatory component or astringent component: for example, 0.0001-10%, preferably 0.0001-5%.
Antihistamine component or antiallergic agent component: for example, 0.0001 to 10%, preferably 0.001 to 5%.
Vitamins: For example, 0.0001 to 1%, preferably 0.0001 to 0.5%.
Amino acids: For example, 0.0001 to 10%, preferably 0.001 to 3%.
Saccharides: For example, 0.0001 to 5%, preferably 0.001 to 5%, more preferably 0.01 to 2%.
Local anesthetic component: For example, 0.001-1%, preferably 0.01-1%.
Cellulose or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof: For example, 0.001 to 5%, preferably 0.01 to 1%.
Polysaccharide or derivative thereof: for example, 0.0001 to 2%, preferably 0.01 to 2%, more preferably 0.01 to 1%.
Polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol: For example, 0.001 to 10%, preferably 0.001 to 5%, more preferably 0.01 to 3%.
[0032]
Furthermore, the aqueous composition of the present invention may contain an antibacterial component or a bactericidal component as desired. Specifically, examples of the antibacterial or bactericidal component include sulfonamides (for example, sulfamethoxazole, sulfisoxazole, sulfisomidine, and pharmacologically acceptable salts (sulfamethoxazole). Sodium, sulfisomidine sodium, etc.), acrinol, quaternary ammonium compounds (eg, benzalkonium, benzethonium, cetylpyridinium), and pharmacologically acceptable salts (benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, cetyl chloride) Pyridinium, cetylpyridinium bromide, etc.), alkylpolyaminoethylglycine, new quinolones (lomefloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, etc.), biguanides (polyhexamethylene) Guanide, chlorhexidine or a salt thereof), berberine or a salt thereof, polydronium chloride, Glokill (trade name, manufactured by Rhodia), polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, poly [oxyethylene (dimethyliminio) ethylene- (dimethyliminio) ethrene Dichloride], parabens (such as methyl benzoate and ethyl aminobenzoate) can be used.
[0033]
These antibacterial or bactericidal components may be contained in the aqueous composition of the present invention at a concentration of 0.001 to 10%, preferably 0.01 to 10%.
[0034]
The aqueous ophthalmic composition of the present invention is not limited to a specific form as long as excellent antibacterial activity is maintained, and various carriers (aqueous carrier, hydrophilic carrier, oily carrier, liquid carrier, etc.) In combination, it can be formulated into various dosage forms such as a semi-solid preparation (ointment) and a liquid according to the purpose. However, from the viewpoint of ease of use, a liquid agent is preferable.
[0035]
Further, in the aqueous composition of the present invention, as long as the effects of the invention are not impaired, various components and additives are appropriately selected according to conventional methods according to the use and form, and one or more of them are selected. You may contain together. As those components or additives, for example, carriers (water, aqueous solvents, aqueous or oily bases, etc.) commonly used in the preparation of semi-solids and liquids, thickeners, surfactants, preservatives And various additives such as bactericides, antibacterial agents, pH regulators, tonicity agents, inorganic salts, chelating agents, buffering agents, solubilizing agents, suspending agents, emulsifiers, antioxidants, and fragrances. it can.
[0036]
Although the typical component used for the aqueous composition of this invention is illustrated below, it is not limited to these.
[0037]
Thickeners: for example, polysaccharides or derivatives thereof (gum arabic, karaya gum, xanthan gum, carob gum, guar gum, guaiac fat, quince seed, dalman gum, tragacanth, benzoin gum, locust bean gum, casein, agar, alginic acid, dextrin, dextran, Carrageenan, gelatin, collagen, pectin, starch, polygalacturonic acid, chitin and its derivatives, chitosan and its derivatives, elastin, heparin, heparinoid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, etc., ceramide, cellulose derivative (methylcellulose) , Ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, Ruboxyethyl cellulose, cellulose, etc.), polyvinyl alcohol (completely or partially saponified product), polyvinyl pyrrolidone, macrogol, polyvinyl methacrylate, polyacrylic acid, carboxyvinyl polymer, polyethyleneimine, ribonucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, and the like Physically acceptable salts.
[0038]
Sugars: for example, glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose, ribose, ribulose, arabinose, xylose, lyxose, deoxyribose, maltose, trehalose, sucrose, cellobiose, lactose, pullulan, lactulose, raffinose, maltitol and the like Acceptable salts.
[0039]
Surfactant: For example, polyoxyethylene (POE) -polyoxypropylene (POP) block copolymer (for example, Poloxamer 407, Poloxamer 235, Poloxamer 188, etc.), polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer adduct of ethylenediamine (for example, , Poloxamine), POE sorbitan fatty acid esters such as POE (20) sorbitan monolaurate (polysorbate 20), POE (20) sorbitan monooleate (polysorbate 80), POE cured castor oil such as POE (60) castor oil POE alkyl ethers such as POE (9) lauryl ether, POE / POP alkyl ethers such as POE (20) POP (4) cetyl ether, POE alkyl phenyl ethers such as POE (10) nonylphenyl ether, etc. I Ionic surfactants; amphoteric surfactants such as glycine type such as alkyldiaminoethylglycine, betaine acetate type such as lauryldimethylaminoacetic acid betaine; imidazoline type; POE alkyl ether phosphorus such as POE (10) sodium lauryl ether phosphate Acids and salts thereof, N-acyl amino acid salts such as sodium lauroylmethylalanine, alkyl ether carboxylates, N-acyl taurine salts such as N-cocoylmethyl taurine sodium, sulfonates such as sodium tetradecenesulfonate, lauryl sulfate Anionic surfactants such as alkyl sulfates such as sodium, POE (3) POE alkyl ether sulfates such as sodium lauryl ether sulfate, α-olefin sulfonates; alkylamine salts, alkyl quaternary ammonium salts And cationic surfactants such as benzalkonium chloride and benzethonium chloride and alkylpyridinium salts such as cetylpyridinium chloride and cetylpyridinium bromide. The numbers in parentheses indicate the number of added moles.
[0040]
Preservatives, bactericides or antibacterial agents: for example, paraoxybenzoic acid esters (methyl paraoxybenzoate, ethyl paraoxybenzoate, propyl paraoxybenzoate, butyl paraoxybenzoate, etc.), acrinol, methylrosaniline chloride, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride , Cetylpyridinium chloride, cetylpyridinium bromide, chlorhexidine, polyhexamethylene biguanide, alkylpolyaminoethylglycine, benzyl alcohol, phenethyl alcohol, chlorobutanol, isopropanol, ethanol, phenoxyethanol, zirconium phosphate support, thimerosal, dehydro Acetic acid, chloroxylenol, chlorophene, resorcin, thymol, hinokitiol, sulfamine, lysozyme, lactofer , Triclosan, 8-hydroxyquinoline, undecylenic acid, caprylic acid, propionic acid, benzoic acid, propionic acid, halocarban, thiabendazole, polymyxin B, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2- Methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, polylysine, hydrogen peroxide, polydronium chloride, Glokill (trade name such as Glokill PQ, manufactured by Rhodia), polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, poly [oxyethylene (dimethyliminio) ethylene- ( Dimethyliminio) etylene dichloride, polyethylene polyamine, dimethylamine epichlorohydrin polycondensate (trade name, for example, Busan 1157, manufactured by Bachman Laboratories).
[0041]
pH adjusters: For example, inorganic acids (hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, boric acid, etc.), organic acids (lactic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid, gluconic acid, fumaric acid , Propionic acid, acetic acid, aspartic acid, epsilon-aminocaproic acid, glutamic acid, aminoethylsulfonic acid, etc.), gluconolactone, ammonium acetate, inorganic base (sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, hydroxide) Calcium, magnesium hydroxide, etc.), organic bases (monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, lysine, etc.), borax, and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof.
[0042]
Isotonizing agents: for example, polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin and propylene glycol, saccharides (buty sugar, mannitol, sorbitol, etc.).
[0043]
Inorganic salts: For example, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium acetate and the like.
[0044]
Perfume or refreshing agent: for example, menthol, camphor, borneol, geraniol, eucalyptus oil, bergamot oil, fennel oil, peppermint oil, cinnamon oil, rose oil, peppermint oil and the like.
[0045]
It is necessary to adjust the aqueous composition of the present invention to a pH and / or osmotic pressure within a range acceptable to a living body, if necessary. The appropriate pH and osmotic pressure vary depending on the application site, dosage form and the like, but are usually pH 3.0 to 10.0, preferably 4.0 to 8.5, and particularly preferably 4.0 to 7.0. The osmotic pressure is about 100 to 1200 mOsm, preferably about 100 to 600 mOsm, particularly preferably about 150 to 450 mOsm, and the osmotic pressure ratio with respect to physiological saline is usually 0.3 to 4.1, preferably 0.3 to 2. 1, particularly preferably about 0.5 to 1.4. Particularly when the aqueous composition is an ophthalmic composition, the pH is usually 4.0 to 9.0, preferably 4.0 to 8.0, particularly preferably 4.0 to 7 in order to reduce irritation. 0.0; osmotic pressure is 100 to 1200 mOsm, preferably 100 to 600 mOsm, particularly preferably 150 to 400 mOsm; the osmotic pressure ratio with respect to physiological saline is usually 0.4 to 4.0, preferably 0.6 to 2. 5, particularly preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.6. The pH can be adjusted using a buffer, the pH adjuster, the isotonic agent, the inorganic salts, and the like.
[0046]
Here, examples of the buffer include borate buffer, phosphate buffer, carbonate buffer, citrate buffer, acetate buffer, epsilon-aminocaproic acid, aspartate and the like. These buffering agents may be used in combination. Preferred buffering agents are borate buffer, phosphate buffer, carbonate buffer and citrate buffer. Particularly preferred buffering agents are borate buffer, citrate buffer or phosphate buffer. Examples of the borate buffer include borates such as alkali metal borate and alkaline earth metal borate. Examples of the citrate buffer include alkali metal citrate. Examples of the phosphate buffer include phosphates such as alkali metal phosphates and alkaline earth metal phosphates. Further, borate, citrate or phosphate hydrate may be used as a borate buffer, citrate buffer or phosphate buffer. More specifically, boric acid or a salt thereof (sodium borate, potassium tetraborate, potassium metaborate, etc.), phosphoric acid or a salt thereof (sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc.) , Carbonic acid or a salt thereof (sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, etc.), citric acid or a salt thereof (sodium citrate, potassium citrate, etc.). When a borate buffer, citrate buffer or phosphate buffer is used as the buffer, the concentration of these buffers in the aqueous composition of the present invention is, for example, about 0.0001 to 10.0% by weight. It is.
[0047]
The aqueous composition of the present invention can be produced by a known method. Semi-solid and liquid preparations can be prepared by mixing the base and each component. Furthermore, if necessary, a filtration sterilization treatment process, a container filling process, and the like can be added. The ophthalmic composition of the present invention can also be produced by the above known methods. More specifically, for example, in the case of eye drops, eyewashes or contact lens agents, sorbic acid or a salt thereof and a zinc salt And other blending components are dissolved in purified water, adjusted to a predetermined osmotic pressure and pH, subjected to filtration sterilization treatment in an aseptic environment, and aseptically filled into containers that have been sterilized by washing.
[0048]
【Example】
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in detail below based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0049]
Test example 1 Antibacterial activity test
(1) With reference to the 14th revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia reference information “Preservation Efficacy Test”, Escherichia coli was used as a test bacterium, and the aqueous compositions according to Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention described in Table 1 below were used. Preservative efficacy was tested.
[0050]
[Table 1]
[0051]
(2) Results of antibacterial activity test
The test results at 24 hours, 48 hours, and 1 week after pH 4 are shown in Table 2 below.
[Table 2]
[0052]
Table 3 below shows the test results after 24 hours, 48 hours, 1 week, and 2 weeks in the case of pH 6.
[Table 3]
The above test results show that the viable cell count is decreased at both pH 4.0 and pH 6.0 by adding zinc salt to potassium sorbate. It was confirmed to have enhanced antibacterial activity.
[0053]
Example 4-35 Aqueous Ophthalmic Composition
In accordance with the formulations shown in Tables 4 to 9 below, each compounding component is dissolved in sterilized purified water, and after adjusting the osmotic pressure and pH, the total amount is adjusted to 100 mL, sterilized and filtered, and filled into a container. ), Eyewash (agent), and contact lens solution.
[0054]
[Table 4]
[0055]
[Table 5]
[0056]
[Table 6]
[0057]
[Table 7]
[0058]
[Table 8]
[0059]
[Table 9]
[0060]
Examples 36-38 Aqueous composition for internal use
The aqueous composition for internal use of each Example was manufactured according to a conventional method according to the formulation shown in Table 10 below.
[0061]
[Table 10]
[0062]
Examples 39-41 Aqueous composition for outer skin
According to the formulation shown in Table 11 below, an aqueous composition for an outer skin of each example was produced according to a conventional method.
[0063]
[Table 11]
[0064]
Examples 42-59 Aqueous Ophthalmic Composition
In accordance with the formulations shown in Tables 12 to 14 below, each compounding component is dissolved in sterilized purified water, and after adjusting the osmotic pressure and pH, the total amount is made 100 mL, sterilized, filled into a container, and an eye drop (agent) ), Eyewash (agent), and contact lens solution (CL agent).
[0065]
[Table 12]
[0066]
[Table 13]
[0067]
[Table 14]
[0068]
【Effect of the invention】
The aqueous composition of the present invention contains sorbic acid or a salt thereof and zinc sulfate or a zinc oxycarboxylate salt at the same time, and exhibits significantly superior antibacterial activity as compared with the case where each is used alone. Since sorbic acid is highly safe and can be safely used in preparations for application to mucous membranes such as ocular mucosa, the aqueous composition of the present invention is not only an aqueous composition for outer skin or internal use, but also an eye drop, an eye wash, an eye ointment. It is also extremely useful as a composition for applying to mucous membranes such as drugs, contact lens mounting liquids, contact lens preparations (cleaning liquid, preserving liquid, cleaning preserving liquid, disinfecting liquid, etc.), nasal drops, and nasal cleansing drugs.
Claims (5)
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| US20220160656A1 (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2022-05-26 | Dbbh, Llc | Intranasally administered antihistamines and uses thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2004339104A (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2004-12-02 | Rohto Pharmaceut Co Ltd | Method for solution stabilization |
| EP1483975A1 (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2004-12-08 | PURAC Biochem BV | Antimicrobial composition comprising a mixture of lactic acid or a derivative thereof and an inorganic acid |
| JP4718160B2 (en) * | 2003-11-12 | 2011-07-06 | ロート製薬株式会社 | Ophthalmic composition |
| US20050214382A1 (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-09-29 | Erning Xia | Zinc preservative composition and method of use |
| JP4889283B2 (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2012-03-07 | 株式会社Adeka | Antibacterial composition and cosmetics and cleaning agents containing the same |
| TWI394564B (en) | 2006-09-21 | 2013-05-01 | Alcon Res Ltd | Self-preserved aqueous pharmaceutical compositions |
| WO2008042619A2 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-10 | Alcon Research, Ltd. | Self-preserved aqueous pharmaceutical compositions |
| JP5083502B2 (en) * | 2006-12-25 | 2012-11-28 | ライオン株式会社 | Ophthalmic composition |
| TWI544927B (en) | 2008-03-17 | 2016-08-11 | 愛爾康研究有限公司 | Pharmaceutical compositions having low concentration of surfactants for promoting bioavailability of therapeutic agents |
| TWI489997B (en) | 2009-06-19 | 2015-07-01 | Alcon Res Ltd | Aqueous pharmaceutical compositions containing borate-polyol complexes |
| AU2010270605B2 (en) | 2009-07-08 | 2014-07-31 | Hope Medical Enterprises, Inc. Dba Hope Pharmaceuticals | Sodium thiosulfate-containing pharmaceutical compositions |
| JP5164967B2 (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2013-03-21 | ロート製薬株式会社 | Solution stabilization method |
| WO2014050851A1 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-03 | 大正製薬株式会社 | Oral liquid composition |
| EP2956144B1 (en) * | 2013-02-15 | 2017-11-22 | Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Difluprednate emulsion composition containing zinc |
| WO2019107569A1 (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-06 | 参天製薬株式会社 | Ophthalmic product |
| JP2020075918A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2020-05-21 | 千寿製薬株式会社 | Ophthalmic composition for promoting corneal epithelium wound cure |
| JP7688990B2 (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2025-06-05 | ロート製薬株式会社 | Ophthalmic composition for soft contact lenses |
| JP7706226B2 (en) * | 2020-06-26 | 2025-07-11 | 小林製薬株式会社 | Mucous membrane cleansing composition |
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| US4743454A (en) * | 1986-07-28 | 1988-05-10 | Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. | Hay preservative |
| US5422101A (en) * | 1993-05-14 | 1995-06-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cholesterol lowering drink mix compositions |
| JP3981151B2 (en) * | 1994-03-28 | 2007-09-26 | ザ トラスティーズ オブ コロンビア ユニバーシティー イン ザ シティー オブ ニューヨーク | Composition for inactivating stimulants in a liquid |
| ATE210975T1 (en) * | 1994-06-23 | 2002-01-15 | Procter & Gamble | TOPICAL PREPARATIONS CONTAINING N-ACETYL-L-CYSTEIN |
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