JP4866283B2 - Apartment house trunk line current control system with operation guarantee function - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is mainly used in an apartment house, and in a power wiring system in which a main breaker is installed in an electric circuit branched from a main line provided with a main line breaker to a plurality of dwelling units, a main line due to an increase in supply current to each dwelling unit The present invention relates to a main housing current control system with an operation guarantee function that suppresses breaker breakage.

  In general, in a housing complex, a plurality of dwelling units share one main line and main line breaker. In recent years, due to an increase in electrical equipment in each dwelling unit, the capacity of the main breaker arranged in each dwelling unit is insufficient. In order to cope with this, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the main line and the main line breaker which are shared parts.

  However, changing the rated current of the main breaker and main line involves a large-scale construction, so the main breaker and the main line rated current can be increased without changing the main line breaker and main line rated current, and the break of the main line breaker is suppressed. Is required to do.

  As a technology that satisfies this requirement, for example, a load monitoring control device that detects a current passing through a main line breaker and a current monitoring circuit that controls a rated current of a main breaker provided in each dwelling unit have been proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). In Patent Document 1, two stages of an upper rated current and a lower rated current are set as currents for interrupting the main breaker, and the current value detected by the load monitoring controller is 90% of the rated current of the main breaker. A configuration is adopted in which the lower rated current is instructed to the current monitoring circuit when the above is reached, and the upper rated current is instructed to the current monitoring circuit when it becomes 70% or less of the rated current of the main circuit breaker.

  If the technique described in Patent Document 1 is adopted, if the current passing through the main breaker is 90% or more of the rated current of the main breaker, the current that can pass through the main breaker provided in each dwelling unit is smaller than usual. The current that can be used in each dwelling unit is limited due to the lower rated current. Therefore, it is possible to increase the rated current of the main breaker installed in each residential distribution board without changing the rated current of the main breaker or main line, and even if the rated current of the main breaker is increased in each dwelling unit It can be said that the interruption of the main breaker can be suppressed.

As another technology, when a current passing through a main breaker provided in each dwelling unit increases to a predetermined threshold value or more, a predetermined load unit is stopped from among the load units in operation in the dwelling unit. Some perform demand control (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
JP 2004-153963 A JP-A-2005-312210

  By the way, when demand control is performed as in the latter conventional example, a device that performs demand control of a load device and a load device to be controlled are connected via a control signal line, and the load device is controlled via the control signal line. If it is necessary to transmit a signal and the control signal line is disconnected, appropriate demand control (main line current control) cannot be performed.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an apartment house trunk line current control system with an operation guarantee function capable of performing appropriate trunk line current control.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 includes a main circuit breaker installed on a main line for distributing power to a plurality of dwelling units in an apartment house, and an electric circuit branched from the main line to each dwelling unit downstream of the main line breaker. Whether or not the state where the main current passing through the main breaker and the main current passing through the main breaker is in a predetermined overcurrent region continues for a certain time or more. The main unit that transmits a transmission signal via the trunk line and the electric circuit when the state continues for a certain time or more, and the dwelling current that is housed in the housing distribution board and passes through the main breaker are predetermined. Between the dwelling unit that monitors whether the threshold value is exceeded and receives a transmission signal transmitted from the main unit via the trunk line and the electric circuit and has a wireless communication function, and the dwelling unit For performing line communication and being connected via a control signal line to a load device to which power is supplied via a branch path branched from the main circuit downstream of the main breaker, and for controlling the operation of the load device to the control signal line A load device adapter that transmits a control signal of the load device, and when the transmission unit receives the transmission signal, if the dwell unit current exceeds the threshold, the load device adapter stops the operation of the load device. A commanded radio signal to be transmitted, and when the load device adapter receives the radio signal, the load control adapter sends a control signal for stopping the load device to the control signal line. The load device adapter is inserted through an outlet plug installed in the branch path so as to be freely inserted and removed, and through the insertion plug and the outlet. A plug receiver that is connected to the branch path so that a plug included in the load device can be inserted and removed; a wireless communication unit that performs wireless communication; and a control signal line connection unit that is connected to the control signal line. The load current detecting means for detecting the load current supplied to the load equipment through the plug receiver, and the operation status of the load equipment is monitored through the control signal line, and the operation status of the load equipment and the load current detecting means Control means for determining that the control signal line is not connected to at least one of the load device or the control signal line connection means when the load current detection result does not match, and transmitting a radio signal from the radio communication means And an alarm output means for outputting an alarm when the control means determines that the control signal line is not connected.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the dwelling unit is configured to wirelessly transmit a wireless communication unit that performs wireless communication, an alarm output unit that outputs an alarm, and the wireless signal transmitted from a load device adapter. And control means for causing the alarm output means to output an alarm when received by the communication means.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the invention, the control unit of the dwelling unit causes the alarm output unit to output an alarm when wireless communication with the load device adapter by the wireless communication unit is impossible. Features.

  The invention of claim 4 is the control means of the dwelling unit according to the invention of claim 2 or 3, further comprising an alarm output device which is provided with an alarm output means for outputting an alarm and is installed outside a residential distribution board. Is characterized in that when the alarm output means outputs an alarm, the alarm output device is controlled to output the alarm.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the load device adapter connected to the load device via the control signal line, the control means monitors the operation status of the load device via the control signal line and operates the load device. If the situation and the load current detection result by the load current detection means do not match, it is determined that the control signal line is not connected to at least one of the load device or the control signal line connection means, and the wireless communication means Since the alarm output means outputs an alarm, the user can be informed that the control signal line is disconnected from the control signal line connection means of the load device or load device adapter. Main line current control can be performed.

  According to the invention of claim 2, since the alarm is output not only in the load device adapter but also in the dwelling unit, the disconnection of the control signal line can be surely notified to the user.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the control unit of the dwelling unit is configured to cause the alarm output unit to output an alarm when wireless communication with the load device adapter by the wireless communication unit is impossible, the dwelling unit and the load unit By notifying the user that wireless communication with the adapter is disabled, appropriate trunk line current control can be performed.

  According to the invention of claim 4, since the alarm is output even in the alarm output device installed outside the residential distribution board, the control signal line is disconnected and wireless communication between the dwelling unit and the load device adapter is impossible. Users can be surely notified that there is.

  In the embodiment described below, as shown in FIG. 2, it is assumed that the housing distribution board 2 is provided for each dwelling unit in the building H of the housing complex, but it is essential that the building H is a housing complex. Instead, for example, even if the building H is an office building or a tenant building, the technical idea of the present invention can be applied if each room is regarded as equivalent to a dwelling unit.

  In the present embodiment, one line of trunk line La is wired to the building H, a trunk line breaker Ba is installed on the trunk line La, and branches to a plurality of (three in the illustrated example) branch trunk lines Lb downstream of the trunk line breaker Ba. Suppose you are. In the residential distribution board (housing board) 2, a main breaker Bc is housed as an internal unit, and a main breaker Bc is connected to an electric circuit (hereinafter referred to as a “dwelling unit line”) Lc branched from each branch main line Lb to each dwelling unit. Installed. The main line breaker Ba is housed in the main line branch board 1. In the trunk line La, a transformer T is installed on the upstream side of the trunk line breaker Ba, and AC 100V and 200V are supplied to the trunk line La by a single-phase three-wire.

  In addition to the main line breaker Ba, the main line branching board 1 includes a current transformer CTa that detects a main line current passing through the main line breaker Ba downstream of the main line breaker Ba, and a main line current passing through the main line breaker Ba within a predetermined overcurrent region. Is monitored for a certain period of time (hereinafter referred to as a time limit), and if the condition continues for a certain period of time, the main line La, the branch main line Lb, and the dwelling unit line Lc are monitored. And a master unit M for transmitting transmission signals. The main unit M samples the secondary output of the current transformer CTa and obtains the main line current passing through the main line La every sampling time. The main line current obtained by the main line current monitoring unit 11 is obtained from the main line current obtained by the main line breaker Ba. Current level determination unit 12 that determines whether or not the state of the overcurrent region has reached a specified time limit, and when the current level determination unit 12 determines that the time limit has been reached, downstream of the main breaker Ba And a signal transmission unit 13 for transmitting a transmission signal to the housing panel 2 of each dwelling unit that houses the main breaker Bc.

  The current transformer CTa detects the currents passing through the two voltage lines excluding the neutral line in the main line La, and the main line current monitoring unit 11 is larger of the currents passing through the two voltage lines. Is used as the main current. The main line current monitoring unit 11 does not transfer the current value of the main line current to the current level determination unit 12, but transfers it as a ratio (percentage) of the main line current to the rated current of the main line breaker Ba. The current level determination unit 12 sets a current level in which the ratio of the current value of the main line current to the rated current of the main line breaker Ba is divided into a plurality of sections in the overcurrent region of the main line breaker Ba, and is individually associated with each current level. The time limit is defined in the above, and it is determined whether or not the duration time of the state where the current level is higher than the current time has reached the time limit. The signal transmission unit 13 transmits a transmission signal triggered by the current level determination unit 12 determining that the time limit has been reached. The transmission signal is a signal notifying that the current level determination unit 12 has determined that the time limit has been reached, and is transmitted using an appropriate transmission format in order to distinguish it from noise.

  On the other hand, in the housing board 2, in addition to the main breaker Bc, a branch breaker Bb installed in each of a plurality of branches (branch paths) downstream of the main breaker Bc and a current passing through the main breaker Bc (that is, each A current transformer CTc that detects the current used in the dwelling unit) upstream of the main breaker Bc, and a current that passes through the main breaker Bc (hereinafter referred to as dwelling unit current) exceeds a predetermined threshold value. And the dwelling unit S that receives the transmission signal transmitted from the base unit M is stored.

  A trunk line La, a branch trunk line Lb, and a dwelling unit line Lc are used as transmission paths for transmission signals between the master unit M and the dwelling unit S. That is, a signal is transmitted using a power line. This type of technology is known as power line communication (PLC), and in this embodiment only notifies that the time limit has been reached. Therefore, a transmission signal is transmitted using the technology of low speed power line communication. By transmitting the transmission signal using the power line communication technique, it is not necessary to separately wire the communication line. Even in the existing building H, transmission signals can be transmitted by using the trunk line La, the branch trunk line Lb, and the dwelling unit line Lc. A broken line in FIG. 2 indicates a path of a transmission signal between the base unit M and the dwelling unit S. Since the main breaker Bc is connected to the single-phase three-wire dwelling unit line Lc, the current transformer CTc detects the current passing through the two voltage lines excluding the neutral line, like the current transformer CTa. To do. Further, in the dwelling unit S, the larger one of the currents passing through the two voltage lines is adopted as the dwelling unit current.

  Further, an outlet C is connected to the downstream side of the branch breaker Bb via an indoor wiring (see FIG. 4), and the power plug P of the load device X can be inserted into and removed from the outlet C via the load device adapter A. Connected to. As will be described later, the load device adapter A performs wireless communication with the dwelling unit S and performs wired communication with the load unit X to operate the load unit X according to an instruction from the dwelling unit S. / Stop switching control.

  A configuration example of the dwelling unit S and the load device adapter A is shown in FIG. The dwelling unit S is used as a branch line in the dwelling unit 2 and the dwelling unit current detection unit 20 that detects the dwelling unit current every sampling time by sampling and quantizing the secondary output of the current transformer CTc. A power input unit 21 that is electrically and mechanically connected to a bar (not shown), and a power supply circuit unit 22 that generates and supplies power for each unit from commercial AC power input via the power input unit 21 Wireless communication that performs wireless communication between the load communication adapter 23 and the PLC communication unit 23 that receives a transmission signal transmitted from the master unit M via the transmission path (the trunk line La, the branch trunk line Lb, and the dwelling line Lc) Unit 24, a control unit 25 having a microcomputer as a main component, and an alarm output unit 26 that outputs an alarm by light from a light emitting element or sound from a buzzer. Although not shown, the setting unit for setting an ID (identification code) for the master unit M to identify the plurality of dwelling unit S is provided in the dwelling unit S. However, the ID set in the setting unit does not need to be given so as to individually identify the dwelling unit S, and the same ID is collectively applied to the dwelling unit S of the housing board 2 existing downstream of the main line breaker Ba. Is granted. The wireless communication unit 24 has, for example, a hardware configuration compliant with the standard of a specific low power wireless station, and is control data for load device control (switching between operation / stop) output from the control unit 25 Is transmitted to the load device adapter A as a radio signal (load device control signal) using radio waves as a medium, and a radio signal (alarm signal) transmitted from the load device adapter A is received and demodulated as described later. The alarm data obtained in this way is passed to the control unit 25. In addition, an ID as a specific low power radio station (hereinafter referred to as a radio station ID) is also set in the setting unit, and radio communication is performed with the load device adapter A using the radio station ID. ing.

  In the dwelling unit S, the dwelling unit current detection unit 20 does not always detect the dwelling unit current, but when the transmission signal transmitted from the base unit M is received by the PLC communication unit 23, the control unit 25 detects the dwelling unit current. The unit 20 is made to detect a dwelling unit current, and the said detection result (current value of a dwelling unit current) is taken in. The control unit 25 outputs control data for stopping the load device X to the wireless communication unit 24 when the current value of the dwelling unit current is equal to or greater than a threshold value defined for the rated current of the main breaker Bc, and performs wireless communication. The load device adapter A is instructed to stop the load device X by transmitting a radio signal from the unit 24. However, it is not always necessary to stop the load device X, and the operation state of the load device X may be controlled so that power consumption is reduced. When the current value of the dwelling unit current is less than the threshold value, the dwelling unit S does not instruct the load unit adapter A to stop the load unit X (or switch to an operation state with low power consumption), and the load unit X The current supplied to is maintained as it is.

  FIG. 3 shows the external structure of the dwelling unit S. The housing 60 of the dwelling unit S is made of an insulating synthetic resin molded product, and the housing panel 2 is inserted into the three insertion grooves 61 provided along the lateral direction of the housing 60 on one side surface in the longitudinal direction. By inserting the bar from the width direction, the bar is received by a blade holder (not shown) of the power input unit 21 housed in the container 60 and is electrically and mechanically connected. . In addition, since this kind of connection structure is well-known in what is called a plug-in type circuit breaker (branch breaker), illustration and description of details are omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the load device adapter A has an insertion plug 30 that is plugged in and connected to an outlet C, and a power plug P of the load device X that can be inserted and removed in parallel. A plug receiver 31 that is plugged in, a power supply circuit section 32 that generates and supplies power from the commercial AC power input via the plug 30, and an electric circuit that extends from the plug 30 to the plug receiver 31. A current transformer CT that detects a flowing current (hereinafter referred to as a load current), and a load current detector that detects the load current at each sampling time by sampling and quantizing the secondary output of the current transformer CT 33, a wireless communication unit 34 that performs wireless communication with the dwelling unit S, a control unit 35 including a microcomputer as a main component, an alarm output unit 36 that outputs an alarm by light or sound, and a control unit 35 Japan under the control of It has and a HA interface (I / F) unit 37 for transmitting and receiving control signals and the monitor signal to the load device X conforming to the machine Manufacturers Association (JEM) Home Automation (HA) standard.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the load device adapter A includes a housing 70 made of a flat box-shaped synthetic resin molded product, and an insertion plug made of a pair of parallel plate type plug blades on the back of the housing 70. 30 protrudes. Insertion holes 71, 71 into which a power plug P composed of a pair of parallel plate-type plug blades are inserted are opened on the front surface of the housing 70, and the power plug P inserted into the insertion holes 71, 71 is accommodated in the housing 70. The plug receptacle 31 is inserted and connected. Further, under the insertion holes 71, 71 on the front surface of the housing 70, an insertion port of a modular jack MJ into which an RJ-11 type modular plug MP is inserted and connected so as to be freely inserted and removed is exposed. The modular plug MP is attached to both ends of the control signal line Ls. One modular plug MP is plugged into the modular jack MJ of the load device adapter A, and the other modular plug MP is connected to the HA of the load device X (not shown). The HA interface unit 37 of the load device adapter A and the HA terminal of the load device X are connected by plugging and connecting to a terminal (modular jack), and control signals and monitor signals can be transmitted and received via the control signal line Ls. Become.

  In the control unit 35, the state (operation / stop) of the load device X is constantly monitored by the monitor signal received by the HA interface unit 37, and the radio signal received by the wireless communication unit 34 is a command to stop the load device X. In this case, a control signal (square pulse) is sent from the HA interface unit 37 to the control signal line Ls. When the control signal is transmitted to the load device X via the control signal line Ls, the operation state of the load device X is switched from operation to stop. If the wireless signal received by the wireless signal 34 is a command for resuming the operation of the load device X, the control unit 35 transmits a control signal to the load device X via the control signal line Ls, so that the load device X Switch the operating state from stop to operation. Here, when the control unit for the load device X is given to the dwelling unit S, the control signal line for connecting the dwelling unit S housed in the housing panel 2 and the load unit X is placed behind the ceiling or inside the wall. Although wiring takes much time, the configuration of the present embodiment has an advantage that the initial cost for introducing the system can be suppressed because no wiring is required between the dwelling unit S and the load device adapter A.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, since the control signal line Ls is connected to the load device adapter A and the load device X by the modular connector (modular plug MP and modular jack MJ), the user mistakenly connects the modular plug MP to the modular plug MP. If the control signal line Ls is disconnected from the load device adapter A or the load device X, the device may be left unattended. If the control signal line Ls is left unconnected as described above, the control signal is not transmitted from the load device adapter A to the load device X. As a result, appropriate main current control (load device X) is performed when necessary. Operation control) cannot be performed.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the load device adapter A detects the disconnection of the control signal line Ls, and when it detects that the control signal line Ls is disconnected, outputs an alarm from its own alarm output unit 36 to the user. A warning signal is output from the alarm output unit 26 of the dwelling unit S to the user by sending a radio signal (warning signal) to the dwelling unit S to warn that the control signal line Ls is disconnected. I am sure to warn you.

  That is, the control unit 35 of the load device adapter A always takes in the detection result (load current value) of the load current detected by the load current detection unit 33 and is larger than the current value that flows when the load device X is stopped. In addition, the operation state (operation / stop) of the load device X is monitored by comparing the load current value with a threshold value set to a value smaller than the current value flowing when the load device X is operating. When it is determined that the control signal line Ls is disconnected when it does not match the operation status of the load device X monitored by the monitor signal fetched from the HA interface unit 37, and when it is determined that the control signal line Ls is disconnected, The alarm output unit 36 outputs an alarm and the wireless communication unit 34 transmits a radio signal (alarm signal).

  On the other hand, in the dwelling unit S, when the wireless communication unit 24 receives the wireless signal (alarm signal) transmitted from the load device adapter A, the control unit 25 causes the alarm output unit 26 to output an alarm. In this embodiment, the alarm output device N is connected to the dwelling unit S via the signal line Lx, and the control unit 25 controls the alarm output device N via the signal line Lx when an alarm signal is received. A signal is transmitted and an alarm is also output from the alarm output device N. That is, since the dwelling unit S is housed in the housing panel 2, it is difficult for the user to recognize the alarm, so the alarm output device N is installed outside the housing panel 2 (for example, in the living room of the dwelling unit). Alarms are easily recognized by users.

  By the way, in the wireless communication performed between the dwelling unit S and the load device adapter A, the response message is returned from the receiving station to the transmitting station that has transmitted the wireless signal. Therefore, when the load device adapter A does not return a response message to the radio signal transmitted from the dwelling unit S, for example, the load device adapter A is broken or the plug 30 of the load device adapter A is plugged. Is not connected to the outlet C. Therefore, in the control unit 25 of the dwelling unit S, when the response message of the load device adapter A is not received within a certain time from when the wireless communication unit 24 transmits the wireless signal, the alarm output unit 26 and the alarm output device N By outputting an alarm, the user is warned that an abnormality has occurred in the load device adapter A so that appropriate main current control (operation control of the load device X) can be performed.

It is a block diagram which shows the dwelling unit and load equipment adapter in this embodiment. It is a system configuration figure of this embodiment. It is an external appearance perspective view of the dwelling unit in the same as the above. It is an external appearance perspective view of the load apparatus adapter in the same as the above.

Explanation of symbols

M master unit S dwelling unit A load device adapter X load device 30 plug plug 31 plug receptacle 33 load current detection unit (load current detection means)
34 Wireless communication unit (wireless communication means)
35 Control unit (control means)
36 Alarm output section (alarm output means)
37 HA interface section (control signal line connection means)
Ls control signal line CT current transformer (load current detection means)

Claims (4)

Stored in the main circuit breaker installed on the main line to distribute power to multiple units in the apartment house, and on the distribution board installed in each dwelling unit installed in the electric circuit branched from the main line for each dwelling unit downstream of the main line breaker A plurality of main breakers and whether or not the state in which the main line current passing through the main line breaker is in a predetermined overcurrent region continues for a certain time or more, and the state continues for a certain time or more A main unit that transmits a transmission signal via the trunk line and the electric circuit, and monitors whether the dwelling current that is housed in the housing distribution board and passes through the main breaker exceeds a predetermined threshold, and the trunk line and the Wireless communication is performed between the dwelling unit that receives the transmission signal transmitted from the parent unit via the electric circuit and has a wireless communication function, and the downstream of the main breaker. And a load device adapter connected via a control signal line to a load device that is fed through the branch path from which the electric circuit is branched, and sending a control signal for controlling the operation of the load device to the control signal line And
The dwelling unit transmits a radio signal that instructs the load device adapter to stop the operation of the load device if the dwell unit current exceeds the threshold when the transmission signal is received,
The load equipment adapter is a collective housing trunk line current control system with an operation guarantee function that is configured to send a control signal for stopping the load equipment to the control signal line when the wireless signal is received,
The load device adapter includes an insertion plug that is plugged in and connected to an outlet installed in the branch path, and an insertion plug that is connected to the branch path via the insertion plug and the outlet and is included in the load device A plug receiver to be plugged in and out, a wireless communication means for performing wireless communication, a control signal line connecting means to which the control signal line is connected, and a load current supplied to the load device via the plug receiver The load current detection means for detecting the load current and the control signal line when the operation status of the load equipment is monitored via the control signal line and the operation status of the load equipment does not match the detection result of the load current by the load current detection means A control means for transmitting a radio signal from a radio communication means when it is determined that is not connected to at least one of the load device or the control signal line connection means; Certified function equipped Housing mains current control system characterized by comprising an alarm output means for outputting an alarm when the control signal line is determined not to be connected by.   The dwelling unit outputs a warning to the alarm output means when the wireless communication means for performing wireless communication, an alarm output means for outputting an alarm, and the wireless signal transmitted from the load device adapter are received by the wireless communication means. The collective housing trunk line current control system with an operation guarantee function according to claim 1, further comprising:   The housing unit with an operation guarantee function according to claim 2, wherein the control unit of the dwelling unit causes the alarm output unit to output an alarm when wireless communication with the load device adapter by the wireless communication unit is impossible. Main line current control system. Provided with an alarm output device that is installed outside the housing distribution board with alarm output means for outputting an alarm,
4. The housing trunk with an operation guarantee function according to claim 2, wherein the control unit of the dwelling unit controls the alarm output device to output an alarm when the alarm output unit outputs an alarm. Current control system.

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