JP4870729B2 - Fabric opening method, fabric and composite material - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a textile opening method, a textile, and a composite material.

  Carbon fiber fabrics made by weaving a plurality of carbon fiber filaments converged with a sizing agent into warps and wefts are combined with a resin to form a composite material that is lightweight and exhibits high strength. Widely used in the field. In recent years, there is a demand for further weight reduction in this field while maintaining strength.

  As a method of achieving such a demand for weight reduction, attempts have been made to develop strength by suppressing the amount of yarn (weight per unit area) used in the woven fabric.

  However, simply suppressing the weight per unit area creates gaps in the woven fabric, and when a composite material is used, sufficient strength does not develop and the physical properties also vary.

  Therefore, as a method for solving the above problem, there is a method of opening the warp and the weft constituting the woven fabric. Specifically, for example, in Patent Document 1, after weft yarn (yarn perpendicular to the direction of fabric transport) is opened by air jet injection, the front and back direction of transport of this fabric is transferred to the surface of the fabric to be transported. A method is disclosed in which warp yarns (yarns parallel to the conveyance direction of the woven fabric) are opened by pressing and pressing a roller body that reciprocates in a direction parallel to the warp yarns. Also known is a method in which a fabric is immersed in water and opened by sound waves or the like.

JP 2003-268669 A

  However, in the method disclosed in Patent Document 1, since the weft yarn is opened by air jet injection, a bundle of fiber filaments (hereinafter, also referred to as a fiber bundle or simply a yarn) is disturbed, and fluffing and pattering occur. When it sees easily as a textile fabric, it becomes easy to generate | occur | produce a thread | yarn break and a misalignment, and handling property falls.

  Furthermore, the intersection of the warp and weft (the part under the other yarn) is difficult to press directly depending on the roller body, and it is difficult to spread it uniformly.

  In addition, the weft fibers that are directly pressed against the roller body are likely to accumulate on the downstream side in the conveying direction of the base material, and even in this respect, it is not possible to obtain a woven fabric that is evenly spread.

  Further, when the fiber body is opened using the roller body, the weft yarn is likely to bend in the direction of transport of the fabric due to the pressing by the roller body, and the bending is likely to occur.

  Therefore, in the woven fabric opened by the method disclosed in Patent Document 1, the warp and the weft are difficult to be opened uniformly. Therefore, the composite material composed of the woven fabric and the resin is not sufficient because the orientation of the weft is disturbed. A sufficient strength expression cannot be obtained.

  Further, in the method of immersing the woven fabric in water and opening it with sound waves or the like, the water-soluble component of the sizing agent adhering to the fiber bundle falls off at the time of opening, and the fiber bundle is likely to be fluffed or puffed. Handleability is reduced. Further, when the sizing agent that also serves as a coupling agent is dropped, when it is made a composite material, the adhesive force between the base fabric and the matrix (resin) is reduced.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and allows the warp and weft yarns to be opened evenly by a simple method without changing the weaving process of the woven fabric, and the handling property and the adhesive force with the resin are reduced. Accordingly, it becomes possible to obtain a flat woven fabric having a smooth and clogged fabric surface with the warp and weft uniformly opened, and thus, for example, by using the flat woven fabric, a lightweight and high strength composite material can be obtained. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for opening a woven fabric used for an aircraft composite material that can be realized at low cost and has excellent practicality.

  The gist of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  A method for opening a woven fabric, which is formed by plain weaving warps 2 and wefts 3 in which a plurality of carbon fiber filaments 1 are converged, and is used for an aircraft composite material, and has a cover factor of 86 to 90%. A contact sliding body 6 is provided on the surface of the fabric 4 via a protective film 5, and the contact sliding body 6 is eccentrically rotated about an axis 12 perpendicular to the surface of the fabric 4. 4 relates to a method for opening a woven fabric characterized by opening 4.

Further, in the method of opening a woven fabric according to claim 1, the woven fabric 4 to be opened is composed of warp yarns 2 and weft yarns 3 in which carbon fiber filaments 1 having a fineness of 400 tex and a filament number of 6000 are converged, The fabric weight is 140 to 230 g / m ² , and relates to a fiber opening method.

  The textile opening method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the abutment sliding body 6 is reciprocated in an oblique direction with respect to the longitudinal direction of the warp 2 or the weft 3 in the fabric. 4 relates to a method for opening a woven fabric, characterized in that it is eccentrically rotated with respect to No. 4.

  Further, in the method for opening a fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the fabric 4 is opened in a state where the protective film 5 is provided on both upper and lower surfaces of the fabric 4, respectively. This relates to a method for opening a woven fabric.

  Further, in the textile opening method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the contact portion of the contact sliding body 6 that contacts the fabric 4 via the protective film 5 has an arcuate cross section. The present invention relates to a method for opening a woven fabric characterized by comprising an annular protrusion 8 having a top surface.

  The textile opening method according to claim 5, wherein the annular protrusion 8 has a diameter of 25 to 35 mm.

  Further, in the textile opening method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the shaft 12 is provided at a position shifted by 1.5 to 2.3 mm from the center position of the contact sliding body 6. The present invention relates to a method for opening a woven fabric characterized by the above.

  The textile opening method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the shaft 12 is rotated at 1500 to 2500 rpm to cause the contact sliding body 6 to rotate eccentrically. It relates to the opening method.

  The textile opening method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a PET film having a thickness of 35 to 75 µm is employed as the protective film 5. It is concerned.

  Moreover, it is based on the textile fabric characterized by having been opened by the textile opening method of any one of Claims 1-9.

  Moreover, it is the textile fabric opened by the fiber opening method of any one of Claims 1-9, Comprising: This textile fabric concerns on the textile fabric characterized by having a cover factor of 96% or more Is.

  A woven fabric according to any one of claims 10 and 11 is used as a base material, and the base material is impregnated with a resin.

  Since the present invention is as described above, the warp and weft can be uniformly opened by a simple method without complicating the process, and the warp and the adhesive force with the resin are not reduced. It is possible to obtain a flat woven fabric with smooth weft yarns and a smooth woven surface, so that, for example, a lightweight and high-strength composite material can be realized at low cost by using the flat woven fabric. Thus, the method of opening a woven fabric used for a composite material for aircraft having excellent practicality becomes.

  The preferred embodiment of the present invention will be briefly described by showing the operation of the present invention.

  The warp yarn 2 or the weft yarn 3 is made to slide while the abutting sliding body 6 brought into contact with the surface of the fabric 4 through the protective film 5 is moved while being eccentrically rotated about an axis perpendicular to the surface of the fabric 4. The fabric 4 is opened by applying a force (pressing force) to spread the bundle of fiber filaments 1 constituting the warp 2 or the weft 3 in an oblique direction with respect to the longitudinal direction.

  At this time, if it is inclined with respect to one of the yarns, it is naturally inclined with respect to the other yarn (usually, the warp 2 and the weft 3 are orthogonal). Accordingly, the warp yarns 2 and the weft yarns 3 can be opened evenly at the same time, and the degree of opening of the warp yarns 2 and the weft yarns 3 can be made more uniform.

  Further, since the contact sliding body 6 is pressed against the bundle of fiber filaments 1 through the protective film 5, the warp 2 and the weft 3 are not easily damaged. The opening process can proceed smoothly without resistance.

  In addition, the intersection of the warp yarn 2 and the weft yarn 3 that cannot be directly expanded can be expanded in conjunction with each other by the bundle of fiber filaments 1 in the vicinity of the intersection being expanded, and the fiber can be opened well. Is possible. In this regard, as described above, in the method disclosed in Patent Document 1, since the roller body reciprocates in the direction parallel to the warp, the force that pushes the fiber in an oblique direction does not act, and the intersection portion is opened. Can not do enough.

  Further, for example, by applying a reciprocating movement in an oblique direction with respect to the longitudinal direction of the warp 2 or the weft 3 to the contact sliding body 6 that rotates eccentrically around an axis perpendicular to the surface of the fabric 4, a wider range and efficiency can be obtained. Thus, the textile 4 can be opened.

  Further, since the woven fabric 4 woven with a normal loom can be opened as it is, it is not necessary to introduce new facilities such as expanding and opening warps and wefts, and the cost is reduced accordingly. Further, unlike the method of spreading the fabric by immersing the fabric in a solvent or the like, the sizing agent does not fall off, and therefore, it has the same handling property as that of the conventional fabric and does not fuzz.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a flat woven fabric in which warp and weft yarns are evenly spread, and it is possible to obtain a woven fabric having very little stitch space (yarn gap). Specifically, for example, when the cover factor (CF: the ratio of the yarn to the area of the woven fabric) is measured by a measuring device disclosed in JP-A-2005-290623, a cover factor of 96% or more can be obtained. It becomes possible. That is, the surface smoothness of the fabric is improved and the thickness is reduced accordingly.

  Further, according to the present invention, a woven fabric obtained by plain weaving warps and wefts obtained by converging a plurality of carbon fiber filaments having a cover factor of 86 to 90% before opening is a woven fabric having a smooth surface and clogged eyes. It becomes possible to do.

  When the cover factor of the fabric before opening is less than 86% (when the number of yarns or the number of carbon fiber filaments is small), for example, the number of carbon fiber filaments is large and the density of the yarns is low (the number of yarns). In the case of (small), as shown in FIG. 7A (only the warp 2 is shown), the interval between the yarns is widened. By opening this fabric, it becomes flat but the gap is not filled (FIG. 7 (b)), and a fabric with clogged eyes cannot be obtained.

  Further, when the cover factor of the fabric before opening is larger than 90% (when the number of yarns or the number of carbon fiber filaments is large), for example, the number of carbon fiber filaments is large with a predetermined basis weight of the fabric, and the density of the yarns is high ( In the case where the number of yarns is large), as shown in FIG. 8A (only the warp 2 is shown), the interval between the yarns is narrowed. Opening this fabric closes the eyes, but cannot provide a flat fabric (woven fabric with a smooth surface). The yarn is a bundle of carbon fiber filaments in which a predetermined number of carbon fiber filaments are converged, and includes warps and wefts. The density of the number of yarns indicates how much yarn is present within a predetermined interval (between 25 mm in the present invention).

  Furthermore, since the composite material obtained by impregnating the woven fabric with a synthetic resin such as an epoxy resin is uniformly impregnated with the resin, the bending strength and the interlaminar shear strength are sufficiently developed. That is, when the woven fabric is impregnated with resin, the fiber portion where the warp and / or the weft (or both) are present becomes strong because both the fiber and the resin exist, but the void surrounded by the warp and the weft In the portion, there is no fiber (only resin is present), and this void portion becomes brittle compared to a fiber portion in which both fiber and resin are present. Therefore, in a woven fabric with a large cover factor (woven fabric with clogs or opened fabric) compared to a woven fabric with a small cover factor (woven fabric with coarse eyes), the proportion of brittle voids is small and the proportion of strong fiber portions is small. Since it becomes large, bending strength, interlaminar shear strength, etc. will fully develop.

  In addition, it is possible to increase the density of the number of warp and weft yarns to obtain a clogged fabric (woven fabric with a large cover factor before opening), but if the density of the number of warp and weft yarns is increased, The degree of bending of the yarn in the cross-sectional direction increases and the strength expression rate of the yarn itself decreases. This is because the strength expression rate of the yarn increases as it becomes closer to a straight line without bending in the cross-sectional direction.

  In this regard, according to the present invention, by opening a woven fabric having an appropriate cover factor, it is possible to obtain a composite material having a low degree of yarn bending and a good expression rate of yarn strength.

  From the above, the composite material using the woven fabric according to the present invention can be suitably used in the aircraft material field.

  Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The present embodiment is a method for opening a woven fabric 4 in which a woven fabric 4 formed by plain weaving warps 2 and wefts 3 in which a plurality of carbon fiber filaments 1 are converged, and a protective film 5 is provided on the surface of the woven fabric 4. In this method, the abutment sliding body 6 is provided, and the abutment sliding body 6 is eccentrically rotated about an axis 12 perpendicular to the surface of the fabric 4 to open the fabric 4.

Here, the woven fabric used in this example is a yarn with 6000 carbon fiber filaments, the density of the yarns is 6 warps / weft for both warps and wefts, the basis weight is 193 g / m ² , and the cover factor is 90. %, A woven fabric in a plain weave was used. In addition, although the said woven fabric was used in the present Example, the effect of this invention can be acquired if it is the woven fabric which carried out the plain weaving of the cover factor before opening of 86 to 90%.

  In this embodiment, the contact sliding body 6 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used, and the contact sliding body 6 is eccentrically rotated with respect to the fabric 4 so that the contact sliding body 6 is The warp yarn 2 is opened by applying a force to the warp yarn 2 or the weft yarn 3 in an oblique direction with respect to the length direction of the warp yarn 2 or the weft yarn 3. In the present embodiment, the contact sliding body 6 is configured to contact and slide on the upper surface of the fabric 4. However, the configuration may be configured to contact and slide on the lower surface of the fabric 4. Further, the abutting sliding bodies 6 may be arranged on the lower surface side so as to be able to abut and slide on both the upper and lower surfaces. Further, the fiber can be opened even when the abutting sliding body 6 is rotated in the opposite direction on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fabric 4 while rotating in the opposite direction.

  Specifically, the contact sliding body 6 is wider than the width of the fabric 4 to be conveyed, and is configured to be able to perform eccentric rotational movement substantially horizontally with the surface of the fabric 4. The warp yarn 2 and the weft yarn 3 are opened by performing an eccentric rotational movement while pressing against the surface of the fabric 4 through the protective film 5 with an appropriate pressing force. In addition, the protective film 5 is distribute | arranged to the upper and lower surfaces of the fabric 4, and moves synchronizing with the fabric 4 (it moves to the arrow direction shown in FIG. 1). As a result, the fabric can be moved smoothly, and the contact sliding body 6 can be applied to the fabric evenly. Moreover, as the protective film 5, it is good to employ | adopt the film strong against friction and high toughness, such as PET film, and it is preferable to set the thickness of this film to 35-75 micrometers. If the thickness is less than 35 μm, wrinkles and cuts are likely to occur because the film is thin, and it is not possible to obtain a uniformly opened fabric, and if it exceeds 75 μm, the annular projection shape of the contact sliding body is reflected well on the fabric surface. And a sufficient opening effect cannot be obtained. In this embodiment, a PET film having a thickness of 38 μm is employed. The principle of opening the fabric 4 and the mechanism for generating the eccentric rotational movement of the contact sliding body 6 will be described later.

  The contact sliding body 6 includes a motor 14 including a shaft 12 and a motor main body 13, a metal upper plate 16 having an insertion hole 15 through which the shaft 12 is inserted, and being connected to the motor main body 13. Provided on the lower plate 18 of the lower plate 18 and a metal lower plate 18 that is provided to the upper plate 16 so as to be finely movable with respect to the upper plate 16 via support columns 17 made of a plurality of elastic bodies. The cushion member 19 is made of an elastic body and the cap body 22 (annular protrusion 8) described later. Here, the upper plate 16, the lower plate 18, and the cap body 22 in the present embodiment are made of stainless steel, and the support column 17 and the cushion material 19 are rubber elastic bodies.

  The lower surface of the cushion material 19 is provided with a large number of annular protrusions 8 (cap bodies 22) having a top surface with an arcuate cross section as a contact portion that contacts the fabric 4 through the protective film 5 made of resin. They are provided in a zigzag shape so that the contact portions with the fabric 4 overlap each other when viewed from the side (for example, when three or more rows are provided, they may be provided in a staggered manner). In the present embodiment, the bottom surface of the stainless steel cap body 22 is adhesively bonded to the cushion material 19. Therefore, part or all of the cap body 22 can sink into the cushion material 19, and can flexibly cope with the uneven shape on the surface of the fabric 4.

Moreover, it is preferable to set the top part of the annular protrusion 8 to a radius of about 1 mm to about 3 mm. Particularly preferably, it is 1 mm. Thereby, the effect of the arc shape of the top surface can be fully utilized.
The diameter of the annular protrusion 8 is preferably set to about 25 to 35 mm. Especially preferably, it is 30 mm. If it is outside the above range, the shape of the annular protrusion 8 cannot be fully utilized for the fabric used in this embodiment. Specifically, since the distance between the yarns does not match the size of the protrusions, a portion that is not opened is generated, and the entire woven fabric cannot be opened uniformly.

  In the present embodiment, the annular protrusion 8 is used as the contact portion of the contact sliding body 6, but other configurations such as a hemispherical or columnar protrusion are employed, and these are used as the lower surface of the cushion material 19. However, in the case of the annular protrusion 8, it can be uniformly contacted with the fabric 4 regardless of the direction of movement, and has a wider contact range than a columnar or hemispherical one. Therefore, it is particularly suitable.

  Here, the principle by which the annular protrusion 8 opens the fabric 4 will be described. As will be described later, the abutting sliding body 6 is eccentrically rotated by rotating a post-disc body 20 having a rotation axis perpendicular to the surface of the fabric 4 at an eccentric position away from the center position around the rotation axis. To do. Accordingly, each annular projection 8 provided on the contact sliding body 6 also performs eccentric rotational movement about the rotation axis. The locus of the annular projection 8 that performs eccentric rotational movement is as shown in FIG. A circular locus is drawn, and as shown in FIG. 3, the R-shaped top of the annular protrusion 8 abuts against the fabric 4, and a pressing force is applied in an oblique direction with respect to the longitudinal direction of the warp 2 and the weft 3. Thereby, the bundle of carbon fiber filaments 1 constituting the warp 2 and the weft 3 is strongly pushed and spread in the oblique direction. In addition, the intersection portion between the warp yarn 2 and the weft yarn 3 is formed so that the annular projection 8 spreads the warp yarn 2 and the weft yarn 3 in the vicinity of the intersection portion in an oblique direction. It becomes possible to push it in conjunction. In addition, since the plurality of annular protrusions 8 are in contact with and slide uniformly over the entire width of the fabric 4 being conveyed, uniform opening can be performed without distinguishing between the warp 2 and the weft 3. . In addition, since the protective film 5 is interposed, the bundle of carbon fiber filaments 1 can be spread without damaging the carbon fiber filaments 1.

  Next, a mechanism for generating the eccentric rotational motion of the contact sliding body 6 will be described. The eccentric rotational movement of the abutting sliding body 6 is performed by rotating the shaft 12 of the motor 14 (provided perpendicular to the surface of the fabric 4) through a lower plate 18 and a bearing 21 (radial bearing). The disk body 20 is connected to an eccentric position away from the center position, and the disc body 20 is caused to rotate eccentrically by the rotation of the shaft 12.

  Specifically, when the disc body 20 is eccentrically rotated by the rotation of the shaft 12, the lower plate 18 (and the cushion material 19) provided via the disc body 20 and the bearing 21 is as shown in FIG. An attempt is made to make an eccentric rotational movement while being orthogonal to the conveying direction of the fabric 4, but the lower plate 18 is connected to the upper plate 16 via an elastic column 17. While receiving the restoring force, it rotates eccentrically while vibrating in the radial direction. The disk body 20 is provided so that the center position of the disk body 20 matches the center position (intersection of diagonal lines) of the rectangular lower plate 18. Therefore, the center position of the disk body 20 and the lower plate body 18 is the center position of the contact sliding body 6.

  As a result, not only the annular protrusions 8 are pressed obliquely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the carbon fiber filaments 1 but also the tops of the annular protrusions 8 are rubbed while vibrating, thereby pressing the carbon fiber filaments 1 together. The spreading action is exhibited very well.

  In this embodiment, the upper plate 16 is provided on an appropriate support member (not shown), and is fixed to the fabric 4 to be conveyed. Is provided in a fixed state. Specifically, the upper plate body 16 (and the contact sliding body 6) is fixed so as to be orthogonal to the direction in which the fabric 4 is conveyed.

  The shaft 12 is preferably provided at a position (eccentric position) shifted by about 1.5 to 2.3 mm from the center position of the disk body 20. Particularly preferred is a position shifted by about 2.0 mm from the center position. If it is less than 1.5 mm, the swing width of the contact sliding body 6 is too small to sufficiently spread the bundle of fiber filaments 1, and if it exceeds 2.3 mm, the swing width of the contact sliding body 6 is too large. The warp and weft are bent too much. For example, when measuring the cover factor of each fabric when the fabric is opened with the eccentric position of the shaft 12 of the contact sliding body 6 shifted by 0.5 mm, 2.0 mm, and 2.5 mm from the center position, As shown in FIG. 9, when the thickness is 2.0 mm, a more uniform spread fabric is obtained than when the thickness is 0.5 mm. When the cover factor of the fabric is measured, a fabric having a large value is obtained. In the case of 2.5 mm, the warp and the weft were misaligned, and a uniform spread fabric could not be obtained. Note that the cover factor of the fabric was not measured.

  The rotational speed of the shaft 12 is preferably set to 1500 to 2500 rpm when the feed rate of the fabric is 0.5 m / min. Particularly preferred is 2000 rpm. When it is less than 1500 rpm, when the predetermined area of the fabric is opened, the feed speed of the fabric with respect to the number of rotations is increased, and before the bundle of fiber filaments is uniformly spread in the area (before opening). Since the next area will be sent, the opening will be insufficient. If it exceeds 2500 rpm, the bundle of fiber filaments in a predetermined area of the woven fabric will be excessively spread and warp and weft will bend.

  The cushion material 19 may be a sponge-like rubber body made of urethane resin having a hardness of 10 to 20 and a thickness of 5 to 20 mm. It is particularly preferable to employ a material having a hardness of about 15 and a thickness of about 15 mm. When the hardness exceeds 20 or the thickness is less than 5 mm, it cannot sufficiently cope with the uneven shape on the surface of the fabric (following property is poor). When the hardness is less than 10 or the thickness exceeds 20 mm, the cushioning material 19 absorbs the pressing force before the annular protrusion 8 presses the fabric surface, so the effect of the uneven shape of the annular protrusion 8 is sufficient. It cannot be demonstrated.

  In this embodiment, the upper plate 16 and the motor main body 13 (the contact sliding body 6) are provided in a fixed state with respect to the fabric 4. However, when the contact sliding body 6 is rotated eccentrically. The contact sliding body 6 may be configured such that a fine reciprocating motion is applied in an oblique direction with respect to the conveying direction of the fabric 4 at the same time. In this case, the contact sliding body 6 exhibits a pseudo-elliptical locus as shown in FIG. Also in this case, as in the present embodiment, the contact sliding body 6 moves in an oblique direction with respect to the longitudinal direction of the warp 2 and the weft 3, and good opening can be performed.

  Here, the annular protrusion 8 used in this example is stainless steel, and even if it is pressed slightly stronger against the surface of the fabric 4 due to the presence of the elastic cushioning material 19 and the support column 17, the cushioning material 19 and the support column 17 are excessive. A strong pressing force is absorbed. Therefore, the top of the circular projection 8 having a circular arc cross section can be rubbed firmly enough to allow satisfactory opening, and the fabric 4 is hardly damaged.

When the fabric 4 is opened using the contact sliding body 6 having the above configuration, the state shown in FIG. 5 (in FIG. 1, the upstream side in the transport direction of the fabric 4 from the contact sliding body 6) As shown in FIG. 6, the fiber filaments 1 constituting the warp 2 and the weft 3 are not biased and are dispersed appropriately. Further, the intersection portion between the warp yarn 2 and the weft yarn 3 spreads the warp yarn 2 and the weft yarn 3 in the vicinity of the intersection portion in an oblique direction by the abutting sliding body 6, so that the intersection portion portion (particularly, the portion entering under the other yarn) ) Can be pushed together. Thus, (in FIG. 1, the contact of the downstream side of the transport direction of the sliding body 6 from the fabric 4) is pressed to t ₁ thickness from t ₀ to open flat fabric can be, and warp 2 A space 4 surrounded by the wefts 3 is as small as possible, for example, a woven fabric 4 having a cover factor of 96% or more can be obtained. Moreover, since the composite material which consists of this fabric 4 has impregnated resin, such as an epoxy resin, to the fabric 4 uniformly, the composite material after hardening molding becomes lightweight and high intensity | strength. Therefore, it has extremely high commercial value suitable for aircraft materials.

  Since the present embodiment is as described above, the longitudinal direction of the bundle of the carbon fiber filaments 1 constituting the warp yarn 2 and the weft yarn 3 with the contact sliding body 6 brought into contact with the surface of the woven fabric 4 through the protective film 5. On the other hand, the warp 2 and the weft 3 can be opened by applying a force to spread from the oblique direction, and the warp 2 and the weft 3 are hardly damaged. In addition, due to the above action, the intersection part of the warp 2 and the weft 3 that cannot be directly expanded can be expanded in conjunction with the vicinity of the intersection part, and can be opened satisfactorily. Become.

  Further, since the abutting sliding body 6 is eccentrically rotated with respect to the fabric 4 while being vibrated finely in the radial direction of the corresponding sliding body 6, the opening is performed more satisfactorily by the vibration and the opening is performed efficiently. It becomes possible.

  Further, since the woven fabric 4 woven with a normal loom can be opened as it is, it is not necessary to introduce new equipment, and the cost is reduced accordingly. Further, unlike the method of spreading the fabric by immersing the fabric in a solvent or the like, the sizing agent does not fall off, and therefore, it has the same handling property as that of the conventional fabric and does not fuzz.

  Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to obtain a flat woven fabric in which warp and weft yarns are evenly spread. Specifically, it is possible to obtain a fabric having very little stitch space (yarn gap). This makes it possible to obtain a composite material capable of exhibiting sufficient strength as required in the aircraft material field using this woven fabric as a base material.

  An experimental example supporting the effect of the present embodiment will be described.

  Evaluation was performed using the fabric A and the fabric B shown in FIG. The yarn used for each woven fabric is a bundle of carbon fiber filaments having 6,000 filaments and a fineness of 400 tex. Specifically, for each fabric that has not been subjected to fiber opening treatment, that has been subjected to fiber opening treatment by ultrasonic waves, and that has been subjected to fiber opening treatment by rotating the contact sliding body eccentrically as described above The cover factor was measured, and the presence / absence of fluff and the quality of handling were evaluated. In addition, each woven fabric was uniformly impregnated with a general epoxy resin and semi-cured prepregs were stacked eight by eight, and the bending strength and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of the cured composite material were measured. The experimental results are shown in FIGS.

  In addition, the measurement of the cover factor is an opening surrounded by the warp and the weft of the fabric woven with the warp and the weft and used for the fiber reinforced resin as disclosed in JP-A-2005-290623. The aperture ratio measuring apparatus for measuring the aperture ratio (total of the aperture areas of the apertures / total area of the measurement range), wherein the light emitting part and the light receiving part for receiving the light emitted from the light emitting part are used for the fiber reinforced resin The light-emitting part and the light-receiving part are placed on opposite sides of the fabric and are measured by a measuring device (scanner) configured to move synchronously. The presence or absence of fluff is evaluated by visual observation. Evaluation was made based on ease of wearing, specifically, the frequency of fluff removal and the presence or absence of misalignment.

  Further, the bending test and the interlaminar shear test were performed by applying a load P with the indenter B in a state where the distance L between fulcrums by the support C was set to a predetermined value as shown in FIG.

Specifically, the bending test is performed by three-point bending according to JIS K7074. The thickness of the sample is 2 ± 0.4 mm, the width is 15 ± 0.2 mm, and the length is 100 ± 1 mm. The distance between the fulcrums was 80 ± 0.2 mm, the test speed was 1 mm / min, and the bending strength was determined from (3 * P * L) / (2 * b * h ² ). The interlaminar shear test is performed by three-point bending in accordance with JIS K7078. The thickness of the sample is 1.8 to 4.2 mm, the width is 10.0 ± 0.2, and the total length is 7 × sample thickness. The conditions were: distance between supporting points: 5 × sample thickness, test speed: 1 mm / min, and interlaminar shear strength was determined from (3/4) * P / (b * h). Note that P: load (N), L: distance between fulcrums (mm), b: sample piece width (mm), and h: sample piece thickness (mm).

  From the comparison of Comparative Example 1-1 and Comparative Example 1-2 and Comparative Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 2-2 in FIGS. 11 and 12, the cover factor is improved by ultrasonic opening, and accordingly, the composite material and It was confirmed that the bending strength and interlaminar shear strength were slightly improved, but fuzzing occurred and handling properties were not improved. The reason why the interlaminar shear strength of Comparative Example 1-2 and Comparative Example 2-2 is slightly higher than that of Comparative Example 1-1 and Comparative Example 2-1 is due to the high flatness of the fabric of Comparative Example 2. . In other words, because the cover factor is high, the yarn is flat, and the fibers are arranged without gaps in the unit area, so that the wettability of the resin is good and the resin is uniformly impregnated, It is thought that strength is expressed as a composite material.

  In Example 1 and Example 2, the cover factor can be improved to the limit, but fuzz does not occur as in Comparative Example 1-2 and Comparative Example 2-2, and handling is improved. In addition, it was confirmed that the rate of improvement in bending strength and interlaminar shear strength in the case of a composite material was higher than that in Comparative Example 2.

  Moreover, it has confirmed from the comparison with Example 1 and Example 2 that the improvement rate of bending strength and an interlayer shear strength becomes high in proportion to a fabric weight.

From various experiments, it was confirmed that the basis weight range in which the effect of improving the bending strength and interlaminar shear strength is satisfactorily exhibited is 140 to 230 g / m ² .

It is a schematic explanatory perspective view of a present Example. It is a schematic explanatory perspective view of the contact sliding body which concerns on a present Example. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the movement locus | trajectory of the cyclic | annular protrusion of a present Example. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the movement locus | trajectory of the cyclic | annular protrusion of another example of a present Example. It is a schematic explanatory sectional view of a fabric before opening. It is a schematic explanatory sectional view of the woven fabric after opening. It is a schematic explanatory sectional view of a fabric with a small cover factor. It is a schematic explanatory sectional view of a woven fabric having a large cover factor. It is a table | surface which shows the change of the cover factor by an eccentric position. It is a table | surface which shows the characteristic of the textile fabric A and the textile fabric B. FIG. It is a table | surface which shows the experimental result of the textile fabric A. It is a table | surface which shows the experimental result of the textile fabric B. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of a bending test and an interlayer shear test.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Carbon fiber filament 2 Warp 3 Weft 4 Textile 5 Protective film 6 Contact sliding body 8 Circular protrusion
12 axes

Claims (12)

  A method for opening a woven fabric comprising a plain weaving of warps and wefts in which a plurality of carbon fiber filaments are converged to be used for an aircraft composite material, the surface of the woven fabric having a cover factor of 86 to 90% A woven fabric characterized in that a contact sliding body is provided through a protective film and the fabric is opened by eccentrically rotating the contact sliding body about an axis perpendicular to the surface of the fabric. Opening method. 2. The method for opening a woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the woven fabric to be opened is composed of warps and wefts in which carbon fiber filaments having a filament number of 6000 and a fineness of 400 tex are converged, and have a basis weight of 140 to 230 g / A method for opening a woven fabric, characterized by being m ² .   The method for opening a fabric according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the contact sliding member is reciprocally moved in an oblique direction with respect to a longitudinal direction of the warp or the weft to be eccentrically rotated with respect to the fabric. A method for opening a woven fabric characterized by causing movement.   The method for opening a woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the woven fabric is opened in a state where the protective film is provided on both upper and lower surfaces of the woven fabric. Fiber method.   5. The fiber opening method according to claim 1, wherein an abutting portion of the abutting sliding body that abuts on the fabric via the protective film has an annular cross-sectional top surface. A method for opening a woven fabric comprising protrusions.   6. The method for opening a woven fabric according to claim 5, wherein said annular protrusion has a diameter of 25 to 35 mm.   In the fiber opening method of any one of Claims 1-6, The said axis | shaft is provided in the position shifted | deviated 1.5-2.3 mm from the center position of the said contact sliding body, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. To open the fabric.   The method for opening a woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the shaft is rotated at 1500 to 2500 rpm to cause the contact sliding body to rotate eccentrically.   The method for opening a woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a PET film having a thickness of 35 to 75 µm is employed as the protective film.   A woven fabric that has been opened by the method for opening a woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 9.   A woven fabric opened by the method for opening a woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the woven fabric has a cover factor of 96% or more.   A composite material comprising the woven fabric according to any one of claims 10 and 11 as a base material, and the base material impregnated with a resin.

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