JP4873341B2 - Ship rudder device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is an apparatus for changing the direction of a ship, and relates to a ship rudder apparatus having a main rudder and a sub rudder.

Conventionally, in shallow waters of the sea, there are many places where rocky reefs and rocky places that obstruct navigation are gathered at narrow intervals, and in such shallow sailing, there is a risk that the hull and rudder etc. come into contact with the reefs and rocky places. The nature was high. In particular, the seaweed farms and the like are usually set up in shallow waters near fertile river mouths, etc. During the seaweed culture period, round trips between the docks and the seaweed fishing grounds often travel in the shallows. Moreover, when a small boat for picking seaweed, growing materials such as a laver net, harvested seaweed and the like are loaded, the draft becomes deeper, and the risk is further increased. In order to sail in such shallow waters with many obstacles, it is necessary to sail so as to sew between obstacles, and there is a high need for a ship that can navigate while avoiding obstacles by turning the ship quickly. However, a ship equipped with a rudder device using only a main rudder has a large turning diameter, and there is a problem that it is difficult to navigate while avoiding obstacles while turning quickly according to these obstacles. Also, in the vicinity of such seaweed fishing grounds, the depth of water becomes even lower at low tide, and the risk of rudders etc. coming into contact with reefs and rocky places that do not appear on the sea surface is further increased, so it is necessary to bypass such places. I didn't get it. For this reason, for example, it takes time from the landing stage to the arrival of the seaweed farm, and there is a problem that the start of the laver picking is delayed and the landing of the harvested seaweed is delayed. For these problems, for example, Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2 has been proposed.
JP 2001-310796 A JP 2002-53093 A

  However, in the flap rudder disclosed in Patent Document 1, the link center between the main rudder and the sub rudder is fixed to a ladder trunk that is bolted to the hull, so that the main rudder and the sub rudder cannot be lifted and lowered. Therefore, while navigating with the main rudder and auxiliary rudder, it is possible to navigate with quick turning while navigating, but it is not possible to navigate with the main rudder and auxiliary rudder pulled up, so you can steer into a shallow rocky area that does not appear on the sea surface. There was a problem of contact and damage. On the other hand, since the secondary rudder mechanism is not included in the case of a ship equipped with the rudder / propeller pulling device of Patent Document 2, raising the main rudder makes it possible to make a quick turn even if shallow water navigation is possible. However, there was a problem that navigation was not possible. Moreover, with the apparatus of Patent Document 2, if both the rudder and propeller are pulled up, there is a problem that the propulsive force to the front also decreases. Furthermore, according to the apparatus of Patent Document 2, the propeller shaft supported by the inclined bearing moves up and down while tilting and sliding the bearing, and on the other hand, the propeller and the rudder lifting rod are moved up and down in the vertical direction. Therefore, for example, there is a problem that it is difficult to raise and lower the propeller and the rudder simultaneously.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and the purpose thereof is to realize quick turning particularly in shallow water navigation, and in shallow water with many obstacles by realizing navigation while raising the rudder. It is another object of the present invention to provide a ship rudder device that can maintain the safety of navigation. Another object is to provide a rudder device for a ship that can be navigated at high speed even in shallow water with many obstacles.

To achieve the above object, the present invention includes a steering shaft 10, and Shukaji 12 fixed to the steering shaft 10, mounted for bending through the bent portion 18 to the main rudder 12 Fukukaji 14, the auxiliary rudder 14 in conjunction to the steering operation of the main rudder 12 and the interlocking mechanism 16 for actuating the bending, the Shukaji 12 and Fukukaji 14 while maintaining the association operation of the main rudder 12 and Fukukaji 14 A lifting mechanism 20 that moves up and down, a stopper means 68 that is provided on the rudder shaft 10 and restricts the lowering of the rudder shaft 10, and is rotated around the axis relative to the rudder shaft 10 on the lower side of the stopper means 68 of the rudder shaft 10. A shaft support means (90) for receiving the rudder shaft 10 while being freely and vertically movable engaged, and a drive means (88) for driving the rudder shaft 10 up and down by driving the shaft support means (90) up and down. ) and comprises a, to axes rotated at the same time lifting the steering shaft 10 as required One consists of the rudder device of the ship, characterized in that for simultaneously actuating the Shukaji 12 and Fukukaji 14 via the interlocking mechanism 16 while lifting the main rudder 12 and Fukukaji 14.

In that case, the elevating mechanism 20 may include support means 60 that defines the lower limit position of the rudder shaft 10 while allowing the rudder shaft 10 to be rotatable about the axis and to be movable back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the shaft.

Also, at that time, the support means 60 includes a guide member 64 having a lowermost portion 70 which is mounted in the longitudinal direction of the rudder shaft 10 is supported by the hull, the upper Shukaji 12 while being guided by the guide member 64 the moving body 50 to rotate and longitudinally movably engaged with the steering shaft 10 at the position, the stopper means 68 for holding the rudder shaft 10 abuts the moving member 50 provided on the steering shaft 10 at the lowermost position, It is good also as including.

Further, journalled means lower shaft around freely rotatably mounted on Oite steering shaft 10 to the stopper means 68 may be formed of a ring member 90 which is driven to be raised or lowered by a driving means (88).

Further, the moving body 50 may include a frame member 78 and be connected to the frame member 78 so that the ring member 90 is attached to the rudder shaft 10 in a freely rotating state around the axis .

Moreover, interlocking mechanism 16 is operated mainly with a fixed shaft 44 provided in the rotation range in which the upper position of the rudder 12, and accompanying the turning of Shukaji 12 while linked to the fixed shaft 44 by-rudder 14 folded And an accompanying actuating mechanism 46 to be provided .

At that time, as the main rudder 12 steers, the accompanying operation mechanism 46 may cause the auxiliary rudder 14 to perform accompanying turning in the direction in which the rudder angle increases via the bent portion 18 with the fixed shaft 44 as a fulcrum. .

The accompanying operation mechanism 46 is a long hole that engages with the fixed shaft 44, and the auxiliary rudder 14 changes the engagement position with the fixed shaft 44 in the longitudinal direction as the main rudder 12 rotates. It is good also as including the long hole member 52 attached to the upper end side .

Further, the fixed shaft 44 may be disposed closer to the navigation direction side of the hull than the bent portion 18 of the main rudder 12 and the auxiliary rudder 14 .

Further, the fixed shaft 44 is guided by a guide body 64 supported by the hull so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the rudder shaft 10, and by a moving body 50 that is rotatably engaged with the rudder shaft 10 at a position above the main rudder 12. It is good also as being supported and fixed.

  According to the ship rudder device of the present invention, a rudder shaft, a main rudder fixed to the rudder shaft, a sub rudder attached to the main rudder via a bending portion, and a main rudder steering A linkage mechanism that bends the auxiliary rudder in conjunction with the operation, and an elevating mechanism that raises and lowers the main rudder and the auxiliary rudder while maintaining the linkage operation of the main rudder and the auxiliary rudder. The main rudder and the auxiliary rudder are operated simultaneously via the interlocking mechanism while raising and lowering the auxiliary rudder, so that the small turn around the nori growing work while maintaining safe navigation even in shallow waters with many obstacles Work efficiency can be improved by realizing turning and quick turning.

  In addition, since the lifting mechanism includes a supporting means for defining the lower limit position while allowing the rudder shaft to be rotatable about the axis and to move back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, the main shaft and the sub rudder are steered while turning the rudder shaft. It can be lowered by its own weight together with the rudder shaft in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, and the descent can be stopped at a required lower limit position by the support means. Therefore, a lowering device for lowering is not required, and the rudder device has a simple structure, so that it is possible to facilitate manufacture and reduce costs.

  In addition, since the lifting mechanism includes a moving means that allows the rudder shaft at the lower limit position to move up and down while allowing rotation around the rudder shaft at the lower limit position, Navigation is possible while maintaining the cooperative operation with the auxiliary rudder, and when necessary, the rudder shaft, main rudder and auxiliary rudder can be raised together to avoid obstacles.

  Further, the support means is supported by the hull and has a descending limit part attached in the longitudinal direction of the rudder shaft, and is guided by the guide body and rotated and moved in the longitudinal direction by the rudder shaft at a position above the main rudder. Since the mobile body is configured to include freely movable body and stopper means provided on the rudder shaft to collide with the mobile body and hold the rudder shaft at the lower limit position, the mobile body is guided by the guide body. Since the rudder shaft is raised in the longitudinal direction of the rudder shaft via the stopper means at the same time as it rises rapidly, the quick rise of the rudder shaft can be realized, and the safety of marine navigation is enhanced.

  Further, since the moving means includes a ring member attached to the rudder shaft on the lower side of the stopper means so as to be freely rotatable around the axis, and a traction means for driving the ring member upward, the traction means stops the stopper means. By pulling the lower ring member, the rudder axle, main rudder, and auxiliary rudder can be lifted together. Can be avoided.

  In addition, the interlocking mechanism is a fixed shaft provided in a rotation range that is an upper position of the main rudder, an accompanying operation mechanism that bends the sub rudder in association with the turning of the main rudder while being linked to the fixed shaft, Therefore, it is easy to connect the moving body located above the main rudder to the interlocking mechanism, and the structure of the rudder device can be simplified, and the manufacturing can be facilitated and the cost can be reduced.

  Further, the accompanying operation mechanism is configured to cause the auxiliary rudder to steer the auxiliary rudder in the direction in which the rudder angle is increased through the bent portion with the fixed shaft as a fulcrum as the main rudder steers. Even if a separate drive device is not provided, the main rudder is steered so that the auxiliary rudder steers in a direction in which the rudder angle is increased. Therefore, it is possible to effectively manufacture the rudder device and reduce the cost. Further, as the main rudder steers, the auxiliary rudder steers along with the main rudder, so that a quick turn of the ship can be realized, and the safety of ship navigation is enhanced.

  The accompanying operation mechanism is a long hole that engages with the fixed shaft, and is attached to the upper end side of the auxiliary rudder so as to change the engagement position with the fixed shaft in the longitudinal direction as the main rudder rotates. Since the structure includes the long hole member, the simple rudder can be operated to bend in conjunction with the turning operation of the main rudder, thereby facilitating production and cost reduction.

  Since the fixed shaft is arranged closer to the navigation direction of the hull than the bent part of the main rudder and auxiliary rudder, turning the main rudder will surely increase the rudder angle in the direction of increasing the rudder angle. The rudder can be steered.

  The fixed shaft is supported and fixed by a moving body that is guided by a guide body supported by the hull and that engages the rudder shaft so as to rotate and move in the longitudinal direction at a position above the main rudder. By raising and lowering the body, the rudder shaft, the main rudder and the sub rudder can be raised and lowered, and the fixed shaft can also be raised and lowered. Therefore, the simultaneous elevation of the main rudder and the auxiliary rudder can be specifically realized while maintaining the linkage operation of the main rudder and the auxiliary rudder.

  The moving body is composed of a frame member, and is connected to the frame member so that the ring member is attached to the rudder shaft in a freely rotating state around the axis, so that the rudder shaft can be freely rotated around the axis by pulling up the ring member. Pulling up in a rotating state can be realized, and the structure of the moving body can be strengthened.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a rudder shaft 10, a main rudder 12, a secondary rudder 14, a bending portion 18, a steering portion 22, a linkage mechanism 16, and a lifting mechanism. 20 and. In this embodiment, the rudder shaft 10 is formed of a hollow cylindrical steel pipe having an outer diameter of about 7 cm to 8 cm and a length of about 1 m50 cm, for example, with its lower end projecting downward and out of the ship, It is pivotally supported by the maritime stern part 34. And in the required range of the length direction of the outer peripheral side surface of the hollow tube, the long key member 24 is provided so as to protrude slightly from the outer peripheral side surface, and is fitted to a steered part plate member 26 described later. Yes. In the present embodiment, the rudder shaft 10 uses a hollow cylindrical steel pipe member, but in the case of a high-speed ship, an inner cylindrical steel rod member is desirable. Moreover, it is not limited to steel but may be made of synthetic resin as long as the key member can be attached and the strength can be maintained.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the main rudder 12 has a vertical side parallel to the axis 38 of the rudder shaft and a horizontal horizontal side , for example, a length of about 70 cm × 40 cm. It is formed of a diamond-shaped thin plate material. And one vertical side of this thin flat plate material is fixed to the lower end part of the rudder shaft 10, and it is provided integrally with the rudder shaft. Therefore, the main rudder 12 rotates integrally with the rudder shaft 10 if the rudder shaft 10 is rotated. The shape of the main rudder 12 is not limited to the thin flat plate material of the present embodiment, and may be a cross-sectional shape having a required bulge. In the present embodiment, the main rudder 12 is made of a steel plate, but may be made of a synthetic resin. Furthermore, in this embodiment, although the main rudder 12 is welded and fixed to the rudder shaft 10, it may be fixed by bolting.

  In the present embodiment, the auxiliary rudder 14 is a quick turning means that makes the turning of the ship quick, and is formed of a substantially rhombic thin plate material. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, it is formed of a substantially rhomboid thin plate material having a longitudinal side that is somewhat longer than the longitudinal piece of the main rudder and a lateral side that is about 1/4 of the lateral side of the main rudder. With the upper end portion 15 of the rudder 14 protruding from the upper side of the main rudder 12 to some extent, the rudder 14 is attached to the main rudder at a rear portion of the main rudder 12 via a bending portion 18 described later. Further, the upper end portion 15 of the auxiliary rudder 14 is connected to an interlocking mechanism 16 described later. In the present embodiment, the auxiliary rudder 14 is a steel plate member, but may be made of a synthetic resin.

  In the present embodiment, the bent portion 18 is a bent portion for freely bending the auxiliary rudder 14 with respect to the main rudder 12. In FIG. 1, the bent portion 18 is formed by connecting a rear vertical side portion of the main rudder 12 and a front vertical side portion of the auxiliary rudder 14 in a hinge shape by a hinge pin member 42. Therefore, the auxiliary rudder 14 can be bent freely with the axis 43 of the hinge pin member as the axis center. Of course, the main rudder 12 and the sub rudder 14 may be connected to each other via a hinge member without being directly connected in a hinge shape.

  In the present embodiment, the steered portion 22 is a pivoting means for pivoting the rudder shaft 10, and includes a steered plate member 26, a pivot shaft support member 28, and an ascending restriction member 30. The rotation shaft support member 28 is formed of a hollow cylindrical member having both ends open, for example, approximately 15 cm in length, and is aligned with the axial center of the hollow cylindrical member and the axial center 38 of the rudder shaft. 10 is fixed to the maritime stern portion 34 with the upper portion of 10 being loosely inserted into the hollow portion. Next, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the steered plate member 26 is a hole having a length substantially the same as the outer diameter of the rudder shaft 10 on the plate surface on one end side in the longitudinal direction of the substantially rectangular thin plate member 36. And a recess 32 that fits with the key member 24 is formed in a part of the inner periphery of the hole. The steered plate member 26 is fixed to the rudder shaft 10 in a state where the key member 24 and the recess 32 are fitted and inserted into the rudder shaft 10 on the upper side of the rotation shaft support member 28. Yes. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the rising restricting member 30 has a substantially inverted L-shaped angle member in a side view, and the inverted L-shaped lateral side is engaged with the upper surface of the steered plate member 26. The rotating shaft support member 28 is fixed to the front side surface.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the rudder shaft member 10 is turned to the pivot shaft support member 28 by rotating the steered plate member 26 about the shaft core 38 of the rudder shaft by a drive unit (not shown). The main rudder 12 and the sub rudder 14 are turned as described later. Further, even if the rudder axle 10 is raised, the turning plate member 26 is restricted from rising by the rising restriction member 30 and can maintain a predetermined position.

  In this embodiment, the interlocking mechanism 16 is interlocking bending means for bending the auxiliary rudder 14 in conjunction with the turning operation of the main rudder 12, and includes a fixed shaft 44 and an accompanying operation mechanism 46. Including. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the fixed shaft 44 is an accompanying turning fulcrum that is linked to the accompanying operation mechanism 46 and causes the auxiliary rudder 14 to turn along with the main rudder 12. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the fixed shaft 44 is formed of a steel round short rod member, and is a rotation range that is an upper position of the main rudder 12, from the bent portion 18 of the main rudder 12 and the auxiliary rudder 14. Is also fixedly provided at a position closer to the navigation direction of the hull. More specifically, the fixed shaft 44 is an axis of the fixed shaft at an intermediate position on the upper side of the main rudder 12 in a state parallel to the straight traveling direction of the ship and at an upper position with a certain distance from the main rudder upper end 13. In a state where the core 48 and the shaft core 38 of the rudder shaft are in parallel, they are fixed to a moving body 50 described later. In the present embodiment, the lower end of the fixed shaft 44 has a disk having a required diameter so that a long hole member 52 to be described later that engages with the fixed shaft 44 does not disengage from the lower end of the fixed shaft 44 when rotating. 58 is fixed. The fixed shaft 44 is not limited to the steel round short bar member of the present embodiment, and may be made of a synthetic resin. Further, a rod member may be provided by fitting a bearing externally.

  In the present embodiment, the accompanying operation mechanism 46 is an accompanying turning means that turns the auxiliary rudder 14 in association with the turning of the main rudder 12 while being linked to the fixed shaft 44, and includes a long hole member 52. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the long hole member 52 in this embodiment is formed by bending a round bar member having a diameter of, for example, about 15 mm into a U shape having a slightly larger interval than the outer diameter of the fixed shaft 44. It is made of a U-shaped bowl having a length of about 40 cm. The long hole member 52 is engaged with the fixed shaft 44 so that the long hole member 52 rotates in a plane perpendicular to the shaft core 48 of the fixed shaft while the U-shaped inner side is engaged with the fixed shaft 44. Yes. Further, the long hole member 52 is two spaced round rod members that form the open end thereof, and is fixedly attached to the upper end side of the auxiliary rudder 14 with the upper end portion 15 of the auxiliary rudder 14 being sandwiched. Therefore, if the main rudder 12 is rotated, a force for rotating the long hole member 52 is transmitted via the sub rudder 14 connected to the main rudder 12 by the hinge pin member 42. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, the fixed shaft 44 is disposed closer to the navigation direction of the hull than the bent portion 18 of the main rudder 12 and the auxiliary rudder 14. The long hole member 52 rotates so that the angle formed between the straight line connecting the shaft cores 43 and the straight direction is always larger than θ. Further, a long hole 56 is formed inside the U-shape of the long hole member 52, and the long hole member 52 is loosely engaged with the fixed shaft 44 at the portion of the long hole 56. The engagement position with the shaft 44 can be rotated to change. The shape of the long hole member is not limited to the shape in the present embodiment, and it may be formed by bending a round bar member into an elliptical shape, or one end side of two bar members facing each other with a predetermined interval. The auxiliary rudder may be clamped and fixed, and a fixed shaft may be engaged between the two rod members.

  In the present embodiment, the elevating mechanism 20 is an elevating means for elevating the main rudder 12 and the auxiliary rudder 14 while maintaining the linkage operation of the main rudder 12 and the auxiliary rudder 14. Means 62. In the present embodiment, the support means 60 includes a guide body 64, a moving body 50, and a stopper means 68, and supports the rudder shaft 10 at the lower limit position. The guide body 64 is a moving body raising / lowering guide means that is fixed to the stern lower end portion 76 and guides the raising and lowering of the moving body 50 described later, and includes a rail member 72, a rail support member 74, and a lowering limit portion 70. Including. As shown in FIG. 1, the rail member 72 in this embodiment is formed of a hollow rectangular tube member having a length of about 50 cm and a rectangular cross section of about 14 cm × 7 cm, for example. The rail member 72 is supported by a rail support member 74 which will be described later in a state where the length direction of the rail member 72 is parallel to the axis 38 of the rudder shaft and a certain distance from the rudder shaft 10. Is attached. The rail member is not limited to the steel hollow rectangular tube member of the present embodiment, and may be a rod member having a U-shaped cross section or a substantially H-shaped cross section, or a moving body whose outer side is coated with a synthetic resin. Processing which 50 is easy to slide may be given.

  In the present embodiment, the rail support member 74 is a rail member support means for supporting the rail member 72 at the required position described above. As shown in FIG. 1, the rail support member 74 is formed of a long rail support member 74b and a shorter rail support member 74a. More specifically, the rail support member 74b is placed on the lower side with the length direction being parallel to the ground, and the rail support member 74a is disposed on the upper side with a space of approximately the same length as the rail member 72. Each one end is fixed to the stern lower end 76 and the other end is provided to protrude rearward from the stern toward the rudder shaft 12. The other end of the rail support member 74a and the upper end of the rail member 72 are connected, and the other end of the rail support member 74b and the vicinity of the lower end of the rail member 72 are connected to support the rail member 72. In the present embodiment, the rail support members 74a and 74b are formed of steel hollow rectangular tube members. However, if the movable body can be moved up and down while supporting the rail members, for example, one or a plurality of required lengths are provided. It may be a bar member.

  In the present embodiment, the lower limit part 70 is a moving body lowering restricting unit that restricts lowering of the moving body 50 described later. As shown in FIG. 1, the lowering limit portion 70 is formed by an annular band member that externally fits the rail member 72, and is fixed to the rail member 72 in the vicinity of the lower end of the rail member 72. Therefore, even if the below-described moving body 50 descends, it does not deviate from the lower end of the rail member 72. The descending limit portion is not limited to the annular belt member of the present embodiment, and may be formed by penetrating a bolt or the like through the rail member at the descending limit position.

In the present embodiment, the moving body 50 is an interlocking mechanism lifting / lowering means that is guided by the above-described guide body 64 and moves the interlocking mechanism 16 up and down simultaneously with the rudder shaft 10, and slides on the bottom member 80, the upper member 82, and the sliding member. And a frame member 78 including the member 84. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bottom member 80 is a bottom plate portion of the frame member 78, and is formed of a steel long plate material having a width somewhat larger than the width of the rail member 72 and a length of about 50 cm. The bottom member 80 is positioned above the main rudder 10 in a state where the plate surface is a plane perpendicular to the axis 38 of the rudder shaft and the length direction thereof is parallel to the straight direction of the hull. The center vicinity of the steering wheel 10 is inserted into the rudder shaft 10 so as to be rotatable and movable in the longitudinal direction. Further, the bottom member 80 is provided with the rail member 72 loosely inserted at one end side and the above-described fixed shaft 44 fixed at the other end side. In the present embodiment, the bottom member 80 is formed of a steel long plate material. For example, the bottom member 80 may be formed of a steel U-shaped saddle member, and may be provided in such a manner that the rail member is sandwiched between the open ends. Good.

  In the present embodiment, the sliding member 84 is a moving body sliding portion that raises and lowers the moving body 50 while sliding the rail member 72, and is formed of a hollow rectangular tube member that is open at both ends. More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the length of the rail member 72 is approximately one-fifth, and the inner side of the rail member 72 is fitted to the outer side of the rail member 72. It is formed of a hollow rectangular tube member having a cross section. The bottom of the sliding member 84 is fixed to the bottom member 80 in a state where the shaft of the hollow rectangular tube member is inserted in the rail member 72 with the axial center of the hollow rectangular tube member being aligned with the length direction of the rail member 72. Therefore, the sliding member 84 is guided by the rail member 72 and smoothly moves up and down, and the bottom member 80 and the above-described fixed shaft 44 fixed thereto are also moved up and down at the same time. In the present embodiment, the sliding member 84 is formed of a steel hollow rectangular tube member, but the whole may be formed of a synthetic resin, or the inside of the steel hollow rectangular tube member may be coated with a synthetic resin. May be formed.

  In the present embodiment, the upper member 82 is a top plate portion of the frame member 78, and is formed of a long plate material having the same width as the bottom member 80 and approximately half the length. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the upper member 82 is inserted into the rudder shaft 10 so that the plate surface thereof is parallel to the bottom member 80 and can be rotated and moved in the longitudinal direction on one end side, and on the other end side. In a state where it is loosely inserted into the rail member 72, it is fixed to the upper end of the sliding member 84. Similarly to the bottom member, the upper member may be formed of, for example, a U-shaped steel steel member and fixed to the sliding portion in such a manner that the rail member is sandwiched between the open ends. As described above, the moving body 50 realizes an engaged state that is guided by the guide member 64 and that is rotatable and longitudinally movable with respect to the rudder shaft 10 at a position above the main rudder 12. Further, since the moving body 50 is formed by being surrounded by the frame member 78, it is difficult to bend or the like when moving up and down, and the structure can be strengthened.

In the present embodiment, the stopper means 68 is a lowering restriction means for restricting the lowering of the rudder shaft 10 and is formed by a ring member 86 that externally fits the rudder shaft 10. As shown in FIG. 1, the ring member 86 is fixedly attached to the rudder shaft 10 at an upper position of the moving body 50. Therefore, even when the rudder shaft 10 is lowered by its own weight, the lowering is restricted by abutting against the upper member 82 of the moving body 50 provided on the rudder shaft 10 in a state where it is suspended by the pulling means 88 described later, The rudder shaft 10 is held at the lower limit position. On the contrary, if the moving body 50 is raised by the traction means 88, the moving body 50 pushes up the ring member 86, so that the rudder shaft 10, the main rudder 12 and the sub rudder 14 are also raised integrally. The stopper means 68 is not limited to the ring member 86 of the present embodiment. For example, a rod member that is somewhat longer than the diameter of the rudder shaft is provided on the upper side of the moving body 50 so that the rudder shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the rudder shaft. It may be provided so as to penetrate therethrough.

  In the present embodiment, the moving means 62 is an ascending means that raises the rudder shaft 10 at the lower limit position, and includes a ring member 90, a rudder shaft guide portion 92, and a traction means 88. The ring member 90 of the present embodiment is a descent limit position pivot support means for pivotally supporting the rudder shaft 10 at the descent limit position, and includes a ring member main body 94 and a locking piece 96. In FIG. 1, the ring member main body 94 is formed of a hollow cylindrical member having both ends open and having an inner diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the rudder shaft 10 and substantially the same length as the sliding member 84 described above. Then, in a state where the axis of the ring member main body 94 and the axis 38 of the rudder shaft are matched, the ring member main body 94 is inserted through the rudder shaft 10 in a freely rotating state around the shaft with respect to the rudder shaft 10, and The bottom member 80 and the upper member 82 are connected to the frame member 78 in such a manner that the ring member main body 94 is sandwiched between them. Although the ring member main body 94 in this embodiment is formed of a steel pipe member, the inside of the steel pipe member may be coated with a synthetic resin, or the whole may be formed of a synthetic resin.

  In the present embodiment, the locking piece 96 is a wire rod locking portion for locking the wire rod 110 of the pulling means described later. In FIG. 1, the locking piece 96 is provided by fixing a plate-like small piece member having a through hole rearward at the upper end portion of the annular member main body 94 and fixing it to the annular portion main body 94. The locking piece may be formed of a semicircular small piece member.

  In this embodiment, the rudder shaft guide part 92 is a rudder shaft raising / lowering guide means for guiding the raising / lowering of the rudder shaft 10. In FIG. 1, the rudder shaft guide part 92 is made of steel having a length of about 30 cm, which has a cylindrical hollow part with both ends opened slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rudder shaft 10 along the axis of the truncated cone. It is formed of a hollow frustum. The long side is fixed to the maritime stern 34 in a state where the axis of the truncated cone coincides with the axis 38 of the rudder axis and the hollow truncated cone is turned upside down. Therefore, when the rudder shaft 10 moves up and down, the rudder shaft 10 moves up and down smoothly along the cylindrical hollow portion. In the present embodiment, an engagement piece 112 for engaging a wire 110 described later is fixed to the lower end portion of the rudder shaft guide portion 92 so as to protrude downward from the lower end portion. Since the shape of the engaging piece 112 is the same as that of the locking piece 96 described above, the description thereof is omitted. The rudder shaft guide part is not limited to this embodiment, and may be formed of a hollow prism member or the like, or may be made of a synthetic resin.

  In the present embodiment, the traction means 88 is an ascending drive means that simultaneously drives the rudder shaft 10, the main rudder 12, and the auxiliary rudder 14 to rise through the ring member 90, and includes a drive unit 98 and a wire 110. . In FIG. 1, the drive unit 98 is formed of a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the offshore stern part 34. The hydraulic cylinder is driven by an operation from an operation panel (not shown) installed in the cockpit. The drive means is not limited to a hydraulic cylinder, and may be, for example, a rotary winding method using a motor and a pulley.

  In the present embodiment, the wire 110 uses a wire rope having a required diameter. Then, the lower end portion is engaged with the above-described engagement piece 96 provided on the ring member 90, the middle portion thereof is engaged with the above-described engagement piece 112, and the upper end portion thereof is connected to the drive unit 98 (hydraulic cylinder). It is locked.

  Next, the operation of the boat rudder device according to this embodiment will be described. First, in the neutral state of FIG. 3 (b) corresponding to the straight traveling state of the ship, the main rudder 12 is parallel to the traveling direction, so that the rudder shaft shaft core 38, the hinge pin member shaft core 43, and the main rudder upper portion. The axis 48 of the fixed shaft is aligned on a straight line in the straight direction. At this time, since the force for rotating the long hole member 52 does not work from the main rudder 12, the long hole member 52 is also in a state where its longitudinal direction is parallel to the straight direction. Accordingly, the auxiliary rudder 14 attached to the main rudder 12 so as to be bent at the rear portion of the main rudder 12 is also clamped by the long hole member 52 because the upper end 15 is sandwiched between the long hole members 52. Thus, the auxiliary rudder 14 is parallel to the straight traveling direction. Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), when a required rudder angle (θ) is given to the main rudder 12 so as to turn leftward, the hinge pin member 42 attached to the rear of the main rudder 12 also accompanies it. Change the position. When the position of the hinge pin member 42 changes, the elongated hole member 52 also rotates in conjunction with it, but the fixed shaft 44 is arranged closer to the navigation direction of the hull than the bent portion 18 of the main rudder 12 and the auxiliary rudder 14. Therefore, the angle formed between the straight line connecting the axis 48 of the fixed shaft and the axis 43 of the hinge pin member and the straight direction is always larger than θ. Therefore, the auxiliary rudder 14 on the straight extension line connecting the axis 48 of the fixed shaft and the axis 43 of the hinge pin member accompanies the direction in which the steering angle increases with the fixed shaft 44 as a fulcrum as the main rudder 12 turns. Steer. At this time, the center-to-core distance between the shaft axis 48 of the fixed shaft and the shaft core 43 of the hinge pin member increases as the rudder angle increases, but the fixed shaft is fixed in the longitudinal direction by the long hole 56 provided in the long hole member 52. It absorbs by changing the engagement position with 44. Next, when the rudder angle is given to the main rudder so as to turn rightward, the auxiliary rudder 14 is accompanied by turning as shown in FIG. As described above, as the main rudder steers, the auxiliary rudder 14 steers along the direction of increasing the rudder angle via the bent portion 18 with the fixed shaft 44 as a fulcrum.

  Next, the raising / lowering operation of the rudder shaft 10 will be described. First, when the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder is raised, the ring member 90 rises along the axis 38 of the rudder shaft via the wire rod 110 locked to the cylinder. To do. In addition, the moving body 50 connected to the ring member 90 is also raised by being guided by the guide body 64 as the ring member 90 is raised. At this time, the ring member 86 fixed to the rudder shaft 10 on the upper side of the moving body 50 and the upper member 82 of the moving body 50 come into contact with each other, and the moving body 50 pushes up the ring member 86, so the rudder shaft 10 and the main rudder 12. -The secondary rudder 14 also rises integrally. If it is raised to some extent, this time, the ring member 86 comes into contact with the lower end of the rudder shaft guide portion 92 and its rise is restricted, and its position becomes the top dead center. Next, when the cylinder is lowered, the force that pushes up the rudder shaft 10 does not work, and the rudder shaft 10 is lowered by its own weight including the main rudder 12 and the sub rudder 14, and the moving body 50 and the ring member 90 are also moved accordingly. Descent into one. If the lowering of the cylinder is stopped, the lowering of the rudder shaft 10 stops at a position where the self-weight and the tension acting through the wire 110 are balanced, and the stop position becomes the lower limit position of the rudder shaft 10. Further, if the cylinder is lowered, the rudder shaft 10 and the moving body 50 are lowered, but the lowering limit portion 70 provided in the guide body 64 restricts the lowering of the moving body 50 and stops the lowering, and the position thereof is lowered. It becomes a dead point. Therefore, by driving the hydraulic cylinder up and down, the rudder shaft 10 at the lower limit position is freely raised and lowered while allowing rotation around the lower end of the rudder shaft 10 between the top dead center and the bottom dead center. be able to. Further, as described above, since the rudder shaft 10, the main rudder 12, the sub rudder 14, and the moving body 50 move up and down integrally, the fixed shaft 44 fixed to the moving body 50 and the long hole member that engages with the fixed shaft 44. The accompanying actuating mechanism 46 including 52 can also be freely raised and lowered integrally with the main rudder 12 and the sub rudder 14, and the main rudder and the sub rudder via the interlocking mechanism are moved up and down as needed. Simultaneous operation of the rudder can be realized.

As described above, according to the boat rudder device of the present invention, in the sea area where the water depth is deep to some extent, the descent limit position of the rudder shaft 10 is set near the bottom dead center, and the navigator descends by the drive unit 98 in shallow water. While the limit position is raised to a required position, the interlock mechanism 16 is operated to cause the ship to turn quickly, thereby enabling safe and high-speed navigation of the ship in shallow waters where there are many obstacles.

  The rudder device for a ship according to the present invention described above is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment alone, and can be arbitrarily modified without departing from the essence of the present invention described in the claims. Also good.

  The ship rudder device of the present invention can be widely used not only for ships used in seaweed fishing grounds, but also for commercial ships and leisure ships that navigate rivers and shallow waters in the near sea.

It is a side view of the apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is AA arrow sectional drawing of FIG. It is a BB arrow sectional view of Drawing 1 explaining the interlocking situation of the device concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the steering part which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Rudder shaft 12 Main rudder 14 Secondary rudder 16 Interlocking mechanism 18 Bending part 20 Elevating mechanism 44 Fixed shaft 46 Accompanying action mechanism 50 Moving body 52 Long hole member 56 Long hole 60 Support means 62 Moving means 64 Guide body 68 Stopper means 70 Lowering Limiting part 78 Frame member 88 Towing means 90 Ring member

Claims (10)

Rudder axle,
A main rudder fixed to the rudder shaft;
A secondary rudder attached to the main rudder via a bending part,
An interlocking mechanism that bends the auxiliary rudder in conjunction with the steering operation of the main rudder,
An elevating mechanism for raising and lowering the main rudder and the auxiliary rudder while maintaining the linkage operation of the main rudder and the auxiliary rudder,
Stopper means provided on the rudder shaft and restricting the lowering of the rudder shaft;
On the lower side of the stopper means of the rudder shaft, a shaft support means for receiving the rudder shaft while being engaged with the rudder shaft so as to be relatively rotatable about the shaft and freely movable up and down in the longitudinal direction of the shaft;
Driving means for raising and lowering the rudder shaft by raising and lowering the shaft support means,
A rudder for a ship characterized in that a main rudder and a sub rudder are operated simultaneously via an interlocking mechanism while raising and lowering a main rudder and a sub rudder while raising and lowering the rudder shaft as needed and rotating around the axis. apparatus.   2. The rudder apparatus for a ship according to claim 1, wherein the elevating mechanism includes support means for defining a lower limit position while allowing the rudder shaft to be rotatable about the axis and to be movable forward and backward in the longitudinal direction of the shaft.   The supporting means is supported by the hull and has a lower limit part attached in the longitudinal direction of the rudder shaft, and is guided by the guide body and is rotatable and longitudinally movable to the rudder shaft at a position above the main rudder. The ship steering apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a movable body to be engaged, and stopper means provided on the rudder shaft so as to collide with the movable body and hold the rudder shaft at a lower limit position. Journalled means lower shaft around freely rotatably mounted on Oite rudder axis of the stopper means, a ship rudder device according to claim 3, characterized in that it consists of ring member which is driven to be raised or lowered by a driving means . The marine rudder device according to claim 4 , wherein the moving body includes a frame member, and the ring member is connected to the frame member and attached to the rudder shaft in a freely rotating state around the axis .   The interlocking mechanism includes a fixed shaft provided in a rotation range that is an upper position of the main rudder, and an accompanying operation mechanism that bends the sub rudder in association with the turning of the main rudder while being linked to the fixed shaft. A ship rudder device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:   The ship's rudder according to claim 6, wherein the accompanying operation mechanism causes the auxiliary rudder to perform accompanying turning in a direction to increase the rudder angle through the bent portion with the fixed shaft as a fulcrum as the main rudder steers. apparatus.   The accompanying operation mechanism is a long hole that engages with the fixed shaft, and is attached to the upper end side of the auxiliary rudder so as to change the engagement position with the fixed shaft in the longitudinal direction as the main rudder rotates. 8. A ship rudder device according to claim 6, comprising a long hole member.   The ship steering apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the fixed shaft is arranged closer to the navigation direction side of the hull than the bent part of the main rudder and the auxiliary rudder. The fixed shaft is supported and fixed by a movable body that is guided by the guide body supported by the hull so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the rudder shaft and is rotatably engaged with the rudder shaft at a position above the main rudder. The ship rudder device according to any one of claims 6 to 9.

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