JP4873383B2 - Dust collector - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a dust collector for collecting and removing suspended dust in dust-containing air.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Various dust collectors are used to collect airborne dust by removing dust-containing air from the atmosphere in which dust is generated.
A typical dust collector is a filtration type equipped with a filter, and dust is removed by a filtering action by sucking in dust-containing air with a blower or the like and passing it through the filter.
[0003]
This filter-type dust collector must be periodically backwashed because the filter is clogged with dust. Also, depending on the nature of the dust, the ventilation resistance increases even if the filter is backwashed frequently.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide an integrated dust collector having a simple structure and having two types of dust collection functions, that is, a filtration dust collection function and a cleaning dust collection function.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a possible dust collector of the collecting effectively dust without increasing size to the extent that ventilation resistance of the filter is unacceptable.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The dust collector of the present invention has an annular shape between the main body and the partition plate by disposing a shorter cylindrical partition plate inside the bottomed cylindrical device main body with a lid having an air inlet directed in a tangential direction. A cyclone dust collection chamber and a filter chamber communicating with the cyclone dust collection chamber at the lower part are formed inside the partition plate, and a filter for filtering the dust-treated air is disposed in the filter chamber, on the downstream side of the filter Is provided with a negative pressure source that draws the air to be treated from the air inlet of the main body into the cyclone dust collection chamber by passing a negative pressure on the downstream side, and passes the filter through the cyclone dust collection chamber. the air to be treated that is sucked, characterized in that a scrubber (washing) structure for collecting airborne dust in the air to be handled by contacting in water.
[0007]
In a preferred embodiment, the scrubber structure is realized by forming a puddle at the bottom of the cyclone dust collecting chamber and the filter chamber to a level higher than the lower end of the partition plate in use.
[0008]
During operation, dust in the dust-containing air sucked in the tangential direction from the air inlet of the dust collector to the annular cyclone dust collection chamber is separated into solid and gas by the principle of the cyclone. Further, the air to be treated comes into contact with the water in the water reservoir when passing from the cyclone dust collecting chamber to the filter chamber, and dust is further collected by this gas-liquid contact. The air to be treated is finally filtered by a filter.
[0009]
Thus, since the scrubber and the filter are integrally incorporated in the dust collector of the present invention, the structure is simple.
In addition, the dust collector of the present invention incorporates a scrubber and a filter, and dust in the air to be treated is preliminarily removed by the preceding scrubber, so that the load on the subsequent filter is reduced.
[0011]
In a preferred embodiment, the filter chamber is located approximately in the center of the cyclone dust collection chamber. In this way, the dust collector can be made small and compact.
[0012]
Preferably, the main components of the dust collector are formed of a stainless steel plate or the like, and a water resistant element is used as the filter element. If it does in this way, when dust accumulates with use, it can wash with water at any time as needed, and it can maintain very easily.
Preferably, the negative pressure source comprises a compressed air operated ejector. Ejectors that operate with compressed air have no electrical parts or moving parts, so they can be washed with water.
[0013]
In a preferred embodiment, the dust collector further comprises backwashing means for backwashing the filter, the backwashing means being controlled by a pneumatic control circuit. Since the aerodynamic control circuit has no electrical wiring or electrical parts, washing the dust collector with water will not cause any problems.
[0014]
The above-described features and effects of the present invention as well as other features and effects will be further clarified as the following examples are described.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, in the illustrated embodiment, the dust collector 50 includes a bottomed cylindrical main body 54 that forms an outer peripheral wall of an annular cyclone dust collecting chamber 52, and the main body 54 is a flange 56. It has a circular top opening with The main body 54 can be formed of, for example, a stainless steel plate.
[0016]
The main body 54 is provided with an air inlet 58 that opens in a tangential direction to the cyclone dust collection chamber 52. When air is sucked into the cyclone dust collection chamber 52 through the air inlet 58 as will be described later, an arrow in FIG. A swirl flow is generated in the cyclone dust collecting chamber 52 as shown in FIG. The air inlet 58 can be connected to a duct (not shown) guided from an atmosphere in which dust is generated, and dust-containing air can be excluded from the atmosphere in which dust is generated.
The body 54 can be supported by, for example, four legs 60 with or without casters.
[0017]
A filter case 62 made of stainless steel plate or the like is disposed inside the main body 54, and the filter case 62 is supported on the main body 54 by placing the flange 64 on the flange 56 of the main body 54.
The filter case 62 can include a large-diameter cylindrical portion 66 that fits perfectly on the inner periphery of the main body 54, a horizontal circular partition wall 68, and a small-diameter cylindrical partition wall 70 that hangs down from the circular partition wall 68. The cylindrical partition plate 70 constitutes the inner peripheral wall of the cyclone dust collection chamber 52, and the circular partition wall 68 constitutes the upper wall or upper lid of the cyclone dust collection chamber 52. Therefore, by attaching the filter case 62 to the main body 54, an annular cyclone dust collection chamber 52 (FIGS. 2 and 3) is formed between them.
[0018]
The circular partition wall 68 is provided with, for example, six circular openings spaced at equal intervals on the circumference, and a filter element 72 is attached to each circular opening. As can be clearly seen from FIG. 5, the filter element 72 is mounted on the circular partition wall 68 in an airtight manner by mounting the flange 73 on the circular partition wall 68. Each filter element 72 is formed of a self-supporting filter material that is water-resistant so that it can be washed with water. Preferably, a chrysanthemum filter element made of a highly water-repellent polyester fiber impregnated with polytetrafluoroethylene is used.
[0019]
The inner space of the filter case 62 is partitioned by a circular partition wall 68 into a lower and upstream filter chamber 74 and an upper and downstream backwash mechanism chamber (secondary chamber) 76 (see FIG. 3). Each filter element 72 carried on the circular partition wall 68 hangs downward in the filter chamber 74 from the circular partition wall 68, and the upper opening of each filter element 72 is upward in the backwashing mechanism chamber 76. Is open.
[0020]
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the cylindrical partition plate 70 of the filter case 62 terminates above the bottom of the main body 54 so that the cyclone dust collection chamber 52 and the filter chamber 74 communicate with each other at the lower part thereof. It has become.
The cylindrical partition plate 70 terminated above the bottom of the main body 54 forms a scrubber (cleaning) structure 80.
That is, as shown in FIG. 3, in use, the water pool 78 is formed by putting water into the main body 54 to a level slightly higher than the lower end of the cylindrical partition plate 70. As will be described later, when air is sucked toward the downstream side of the filter element 72 by the ejector, the air sucked into the cyclone dust collecting chamber 52 through the air inlet 58 is, as shown by an arrow 80 in FIG. While passing through the lower end of the cylindrical partition plate 70 in the form of a bored weir, it passes through the water reservoir 78 and enters the filter chamber 74, and dust in the air to be treated is collected by contacting the water in the water reservoir 78.
[0021]
A fine metal mesh 81 is attached to the lower end of the cylindrical partition plate 70 so that when passing through the lower end of the cylindrical partition plate 70, bubbles are crushed finely. A drain cock 82 is provided at the lower part of the main body 54 for appropriately discharging the water in the water reservoir 78.
[0022]
As can be clearly understood from FIGS. 3 and 4, the backwashing mechanism chamber 76 of the filter case 62 is closed by a circular cover 84. The cover 84 is detachably and airtightly fixed to the main body 54 via packing (not shown) by, for example, four buckles 86 attached to the upper portion of the main body 54, and the flange of the filter case 62 is interposed between the cover 84 and the main body 54. 64 is sandwiched.
[0023]
As can be seen from FIG. 6, the cover 84 is provided with an ejector 88 that acts as a negative pressure source. When the compressed air is injected from the compressed air nozzle 90, the air in the backwashing mechanism chamber 76 is directed outward. To attract and generate a negative pressure in the backwashing mechanism chamber 76. The compressed air nozzle 90 of the ejector 88 is connected to an air control panel 94 via a compressed air hose 92, and the latter is connected to a compressed air source such as an air compressor (not shown) via a compressed air hose (not shown). .
[0024]
In addition, instead of mounting the ejector 88 as a negative pressure source directly on the dust collector 50 as shown in the figure, a negative pressure inlet is provided in the cover 84 of the dust collector 50, and this negative pressure is provided in a separately provided blower. An intake can be connected.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 5, in order to periodically backwash the filter element, a backwash mechanism comprising a compressed air tank 96 and a quick exhaust valve 98 at the outlet of each filter element 72 in the backwash mechanism chamber 76. 100 is provided to periodically inject compressed air pulses toward the inside of the filter element 72.
[0026]
In the illustrated embodiment, six filtering elements 72 are used, so there are a total of six backwash mechanisms 100. These backwashing mechanisms 100 are controlled by an aerodynamic control circuit 102 provided in an air control panel 94, and the aerodynamic control circuit 102 includes two filter elements 72, for example, two at a time, for example 30 It can be configured to be backwashed alternately at intervals of seconds to several minutes, preferably 1-2 minutes.
[0027]
FIG. 7 shows an example of the configuration of the aerodynamic control circuit 102. This aerodynamic control circuit 102 is designed to backwash the filter elements 72 alternately, two at a time, at intervals of 1 minute 30 seconds. In FIG. 7, 110 is an air timer (for example, FESTO PZVT-30-SEC) for setting the time interval of backwashing, 112 is a timer resetter (FESTO PZVT-AUT), 114 is a manual valve (FESTO SV- 3-M5), 116 is a master valve for turning on / off the ejector 88, 118 is a one-shot master valve for resetting the control circuit 102 (VEST-3-PK-3 of FESTO), 120 is a switching master Valve (FESTO J-3-PK-3), 122 OR valve (FESTO OS-PK-3-6 / 3), 124 AND valve (FESTO ZK-PK-3-6 / 3), 126 Is a master valve (FESTO VL / O-3-1 / 4) for controlling the quick exhaust valve 98 of the backwash mechanism 100.
The backwash mechanism control master valve 126 (FIG. 7) in the air control panel 94 can be connected to the 98 quick exhaust valve 98 (FIG. 5) via the compressed air hose 128 and the elbow joint 130 (FIG. 4).
[0028]
While the signal pressure applied from the master valve 126 to the quick exhaust valve 98 of the backwash mechanism 100 is high, the compressed air from the compressed air source is accumulated in the compressed air tank 96. When the signal pressure decreases, the quick exhaust valve (FESTO SE) 98 opens the compressed air tank 96 to inject compressed air, and backwashes the filter element 72.
[0029]
Next, in order to describe the mode of use and operation of the dust collector 50, the air inlet 58 of the dust collector 50 can be connected to a duct (not shown) led from the atmosphere in which dust is generated.
When the master valve 116 is opened and the ejector 88 is operated, a negative pressure is applied to the backwashing mechanism chamber 76, and the dust-containing air is sequentially ducted, air inlet 58, cyclone dust collecting chamber 52, filter chamber 74, and filtration. The air is sucked through the element 72 and the backwashing mechanism chamber 76 and discharged from the ejector 88 to the atmosphere.
[0030]
At that time, the suspended dust in the air to be treated collides with the inner wall of the cyclone dust collecting chamber 52 and is partially collected by the cyclonic action of the swirling flow generated in the cyclone dust collecting chamber 52.
The suspended dust is further collected by water in the process in which the air that has exited the cyclone dust collection chamber 52 passes through the weir 70 and contacts the water in the pool 78.
[0031]
The air to be treated pretreated by the cyclone dust collection chamber 52 and the scrubber structure 80 in this way is further filtered by the filter element 72. In the illustrated embodiment, the filter element 72 is backwashed by the backwash mechanism 100 at, for example, 1 minute and 30 second intervals to maintain the filtration function.
[0032]
Periodically, the buckle 86 is removed, the cover 84 and the filter case 62 are removed, the inner wall of the cyclone dust collecting chamber 52 is washed with water or a solvent, and the deposits on the inner wall are washed away.
The dust collector 50 has no electrical components, and the control circuit 102 of the backwash mechanism 100 is also composed of an aerodynamic control circuit, so that it can be washed with no trouble.
[0033]
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to them, and various modifications and changes can be made. For example, the main body of the dust collector can have a shape other than a cylindrical shape. Of course, the shape of the bottom of the cyclone dust collection chamber may be flat instead of the funnel type.
[0034]
【Effect of the invention】
Since the scrubber and the filter are integrally incorporated in the dust collector of the present invention, the structure is simple, and it is small and compact.
In addition, the scrubber and the filter are incorporated in the dust collector as described above, and dust in the air to be treated is preliminarily removed by the previous scrubber, so that the load on the subsequent filter is reduced. Therefore, since the filter is not easily clogged, the dust collector can be effectively operated for a long time .
[0036]
According to a preferred embodiment, the main components of the dust collector are formed of stainless steel plate or the like, use a water-resistant element, use a compressed air-operated ejector as a negative pressure source, and set the filter backwashing means to an aerodynamic type. If it is controlled by the control circuit, it can be washed with water whenever dust accumulates during use, so maintenance is very simple. This is particularly advantageous when the dust is a sticky or deliquescent material.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of a dust collector of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the dust collector shown in FIG.
4 is an exploded view of the dust collector shown in FIG. 1, and a backwash mechanism is omitted for the sake of simplicity.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a backwashing mechanism of the dust collector shown in FIG.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG.
7 is a circuit diagram of a control circuit of a backwashing mechanism of the dust collector shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
50: Dust collector 52: Cyclone dust collection chamber 54: Dust collector body 58: Air inlet 70: Cylindrical partition plate 72: Filtration element 74: Filter chamber 76: Backwash mechanism chamber 78: Puddle 80: Scrubber structure 88: Ejector

Claims (5)

An annular cyclone dust collection chamber is provided between the main body and the partition plate by arranging a shorter cylindrical partition plate inside the bottomed cylindrical apparatus main body with a lid having an air inlet directed in the tangential direction. And forming a filter chamber communicating with the cyclone dust collection chamber at the lower part inside the partition plate,
In the filter chamber, a dry filter that removes dust in the dust-treated air is filtered.
Provided on the downstream side of the filter is a negative pressure source that sucks air to be treated from the air inlet of the main body into the cyclone dust collection chamber by applying a negative pressure to the downstream side, and passes the filter.
A scrubber structure that collects suspended dust in the air to be processed by bringing the air to be processed sucked into the filter chamber through the cyclone dust collecting chamber into contact with water is provided at the lower part of the apparatus main body,
The scrubber structure is formed by forming a puddle at the bottom of the cyclone dust collection chamber and the filter chamber at a level higher than the lower end of the partition plate when in use, and the air to be treated passes through the partition plate and passes from the cyclone dust collection chamber to the filter chamber. Dust is collected when the air to be treated comes into contact with the water in the puddle when passing through
The dust collector according to claim 1, wherein a lower end of the filter is spaced above a water level of the scrubber structure.   2. The dust collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the filter chamber is disposed substantially at the center of the cyclone dust collecting chamber.   The dust collector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the negative pressure source comprises an ejector operating with compressed air.   4. The dust collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein main components of the apparatus are formed so as to be washable with water.   5. The dust collecting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising backwashing means for backwashing the filter, wherein the backwashing means is controlled by an aerodynamic control circuit.

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