JP4882093B2 - Storm surge flooded building and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a storm surge flooded floating structure that protects human lives and precious assets from a tsunami caused by a large earthquake, a typhoon storm surge, or a flood caused by torrential rain, and a method for constructing the same.

December 26, 2004 A major underwater earthquake off the coast of Malaysia caused a major flood in the coastal areas of the Indian Ocean coastal countries, resulting in delayed transmission of information. Came out.
There were no evacuation facilities for tsunami damage in the traditional coastal areas, and there was no other way than evacuating to the upper floors of mounds and high-rise buildings.
Governments and local governments concerned with tsunami damage are now developing software to predict the occurrence of major earthquakes and how to detect tsunamis as soon as possible, and to communicate to many people. Focus on construction.
The quickest way to escape to a small mountain or high-rise building is a way to stop damage.
However, there are many rural areas where there are many plains where there are no mountains and high-rise buildings, and there are many coastal areas where it is difficult to evacuate quickly because the time is far away.
Along with the construction of information transmission and communication means for generating tsunamis, it is extremely important to develop hardware and equipment such as equipment and facilities as means for evacuation when encountering a tsunami.
In addition, due to typhoon storm surges that hit several times a year and river flood damage due to torrential rain, people living in the lowland have suffered enormous human property damage every year due to storm surge inundation and flood inundation.

In Japan, the possibility of the Nankai and Tonankai earthquakes at the beginning of this century is high, so a tower-type shelter with a steel structure of more than 10 meters has been proposed.
However, there is a question as to whether a large number of men and women of all ages can climb a refuge at a height of more than a dozen meters using stairs within a short time. Since there is no guarantee that the height is within a few dozen meters, it has not yet reached the stage of popularization. The present inventor filed and registered a utility model registration under the name of “floating building” in the prior application regarding this problem. Utility Model Registration No. 3110611 The present invention relates to the improvement of the above-mentioned application, and further reduces the cost and provides a practical construction method without impairing the function.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a high tide flood damage floating building that can escape difficulty just by entering an evacuated building installed on a flat ground without climbing a height of dozens of meters during evacuation.
In addition, since the frequency of use of the building against the tsunami of the present invention is very close to zero, and it is extremely rare to use it as a tsunami evacuation building, it is necessary to provide a storm surge flooded building that can be used for multiple purposes other than evacuation. Let it be an issue.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a storm surge flooded building that can support life-saving in any high water level tsunami of more than a dozen meters or more, for example, a hundred meters or more.
Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide general buildings and residential houses that are free from the risk of flooding inundation due to typhoons and typhoon floods and river flood inundation that frequently occur.
Still another object of the present invention is to disclose and propose a reasonable low-cost construction method for the storm surge flooded building.

Constructed so that people can live on the floating body in a floating structure with a floating structure that prevents flooding of the building against storm surges such as tsunami, typhoon and river flooding, etc. A storm surge flooded building characterized by
1. A container structure pool type foundation made of reinforced concrete, which is buried in the ground and has an open top surface and side walls and a bottom surface.
2. Place a trolley type floating body on the bottom of the pool type foundation.
3. Open an inlet for storm surge inundation communicating with the inside of the pool type foundation.
4. Provided with an anchor pole that is integral with the carrier type floating body and expands and contracts vertically downward when viewed from the floating body.
5. A locking member is provided integrally with the foundation on the bottom surface of the pool-type foundation, and the anchor pole and the locking member are coupled and integrated.
6. The floating body floats vertically upward when it is in a flooded state, but the anchor pole is coupled and fixed to the locking member so as to prevent the floating body from flowing due to flowing water.

The storm surge flooded floating building construction is characterized in that the bottom and side surfaces of the above-mentioned storm surge flooded building stand-type floating body are made of plate material and the plate material is joined by processing work from inside the floating body Method.
Water is supplied to the inside of the pool-type foundation of the above-mentioned storm surge flooded building, the floating body is levitated, and the base is temporarily installed under the floating body by underwater work, and then the internal water is drained to float the floating body on the base A method of constructing a storm surge flooded floating building where the floating body is prepared by temporarily installing and processing the surface of the bottom of the floating body, supplying the water again, floating the floating body, removing the frame and draining the water again.
It is equipped with an evacuation floating body that protects human lives and movable property against floods such as tsunamis, typhoons, and river floods, and is constructed so that evacuees evacuate on the floating body based on the flood information.
In addition, in response to droughts that are frequently flooded due to typhoon storm surges and river flooding, etc., we will provide safe general buildings that do not flood and storm surge flooded buildings that provide residential housing spaces.

In the present invention, a solid foundation is constructed with concrete at a necessary construction place, and a building which is a floating body of a trolley structure is simply placed thereon.
The floating body is provided with an anchor pole protruding from the bottom of the floating body, and the foundation is provided with a locking member for fixing the anchor pole integrally with the foundation.
If a high water level such as a tsunami, typhoon storm surge or river bank inundation due to torrential rain occurs and the water level exceeds the floating waterline, the floating body will receive buoyancy from the water surface in the direction of detaching from the upper surface of the foundation and rising.
Although the floating body floats as the water surface rises, the floating body is not poured into the flooded water due to the anchor pole protruding downward from the floating body and the fixing member integrated with the foundation.

The tsunami often causes the first wave to rise, the water level to rise, then suddenly becomes a tidal current, and the destroyed parts of the land are removed to the sea, and then the second and third storm surges often arrive.
If the height of the storm surge is within the length of the anchor pole, the floating body will only move up and down with the water level without being swept away, and if the water level falls, the floating body will be placed in its original position again.
When the water level further rises and the floating body rises and the anchor pole and the floating body locking member are unfixed, the anchor device composed of the anchor pole and the locking member stops anchoring, and the floating body is washed away by tidal current and flood water It becomes.

The floating body becomes free and is tossed as it is, but the floating body has a much larger plane dimension than the depth, and does not subside and sink, and there is a high possibility that human life on the floating body will be saved.
Further, the storm surge flooded floating building of the present invention is a land building, and there is a fate that a large floating body must be built by local construction in an urban area where large facilities such as shipyards cannot be used.
Therefore, it was necessary to develop special construction means and methods in order to construct huge floating bodies and buildings with small equipment that can be easily moved.
The present invention has developed a construction method in which a movable assembly type mobile crane truck is used as a rail on the upper surface of a pool side wall to efficiently carry a plate material to a required place in the pool and assemble a floating body.

The recently proposed tsunami evacuation device is a steel-structured tower with a height of several tens of meters, and is provided with an evacuation platform with handrails of about 10 meters square on the top and an elevating stairs.
It is extremely difficult and time-consuming for a large number of people, more than 100 people, to go up the stairs of a few dozen meters promptly after receiving tsunami information.
According to the storm surge flooded building of the present invention, the hull that floats on the water surface receives a buoyancy equal to the weight of the water below the waterline at the bottom of the hull, according to the condition for floating body, that is, Archimedes' theorem.
(It is a building constructed on land, but when it is inundated, it becomes a ship that floats on the water, and vessel terms such as deck are also used below for easy understanding.)

The trolley type floating body used in the storm surge flooded building of the present invention has a flat bottom hull structure with a shallow draft and extremely low height to obtain the necessary buoyancy. Satisfy.
Therefore, the height of the floating body is extremely low when evacuating on the floating body, and an elevating passage can be arranged on the front and rear side surfaces of the floating body, and a large number of people can board at the same time when going up and down the stairs.
Furthermore, in the present invention, the foundation has a container structure having a side wall and a bottom surface, and most of the container-shaped foundation is buried below the ground, and the height of the bottom surface is lowered below the ground, so a floating body is placed on the bottom surface. It is a structure to be placed, and the height of the floating deck can be set to the same level as the ground GL and can be set freely.
Therefore, a large number of personnel can be evacuated in a short time compared to the tower-type refuge described above.

Furthermore, the frequency of use of this evacuation floating body is only once every several decades or hundreds of years. For this purpose, not only for evacuation of tsunamis and typhoons, but also for non-evacuation at all times. It is desirable to be a multipurpose facility that can make effective use of land and facilities.
In other words, even if the pontoon floating body is installed and occupies a certain area of land, the pontoon floating body will be dedicated to the plane area of the container-type foundation that enters below the ground and into which the pontoon floating body enters.
In addition, a passage from the deck to the inside of the floating hull can be provided to effectively use the volume below the deck as a basement.
It is possible to provide ordinary homes that can be equipped with almost all buildings, such as gathering halls, hotels, restaurants, kindergartens, schools, residential houses, etc.

When used for tsunami evacuation, even if a rapid seawater level rises and a tidal current with a high flow velocity from the sea to the land occurs, anchors with anchor members and anchor poles provided integrally with the foundation on the reinforced concrete foundation By the device, the floating body is fixed and is not carried by the tidal current.
As the water level rises, the floating body rises by receiving buoyancy from the submerged water, but rises vertically upward without being swept away by the anchor action of the anchor device.
In a storm surge such as a tsunami, the water that has flowed from the sea to the land will then flow rapidly from the land to the sea. In this case as well, the floating body is prevented from moving in the horizontal direction by the anchor device, and the floating body itself is returned to the original position without being moved down to the ocean as the water descends. Is protected.

If the water surface of a flooded storm surge such as a tsunami is extremely high and exceeds the height of the anchor pole extending from the bottom of the floating body, the anchor action by the anchor pole and the locking member is lost, and the floating body becomes free and is tampered with the movement of the flowing water.
However, in this case as well, the floating body will not sink unless it crashes and breaks down on a large structure on land, etc. If the storm water level drops, it will fall to the ground at that position and the human life on board will be protected as long as it falls.

The present inventor has filed an earlier application of the same type for the same purpose as the present invention.
The present invention relates to an improvement of the above-described invention, and was created in consideration of maintenance more specifically and practically.
The present inventor found problems in the invention of Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-72728 “Building that does not flood and its construction method” (hereinafter referred to as a specific prior application), and made improvements and improvements to the production method. The present invention provides an improved storm surge flooded building and a method for constructing it according to a suitable configuration, and the present invention is filed with priority given to domestic applications.

In the following, the reason and background of creating the focus on the contents and problems of the specific prior application and its solution will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a bird's-eye view for explaining the structure of a building (10) not flooded and the operating principle during flooding.
The foundation (4) made of reinforced concrete is mostly buried in the ground, with a bottom structure (18) and a container structure pool type with side walls (15) on all sides, and the upper surface of the side walls is slightly higher than the ground (9). ing.
Three cuboid pedestals (5) are formed on the base bottom surface (18), and pole holes (3) into which anchor poles (2) are inserted are drilled at the four corners of the pedestal.

A maintenance passage (6) is formed between the pedestal (5) and the pedestal in the same plane as the bottom surface (18), and a hydraulic cylinder type jack lift (8) is placed. The jack lift is a device for jacking up the floating body (1).
A hollow floating body (1) having a bottom plate, four side surfaces, and an upper surface made of a plate material such as a steel plate has a load table (11) provided therein and anchor poles (2) integrally pivoted at four corners.
The load table is a support body that is arranged corresponding to the column position of the building to be built on the floating body, and supports the weight of the building and receives the load on the base pedestal.
The anchor pole (2) is a telescope type and expands and contracts vertically downward. In the figure, the anchor pole (2) extends and the lower end is inserted into the pole hole (3).

The pedestal (5) of the foundation (4) has a load-bearing force that supports all the aerial weight of the floating body (1) and the building built on it, and the normal floating body (1) is placed on the pedestal.
FIG. 1 shows the situation during flooding, the water level rises to the water surface line (14), the floating body (1) rises, the anchor pole (2) extends downward, and only the tip of the pole hole (3) is at the upper end. It is in contact with the part.
The floating body (1) rises due to inundation such as a tsunami, typhoon storm surge, river flooding, and the floating body (1) is pushed by the horizontal direction due to the flow velocity, but the floating body (1) is not washed away.
The anchor pole (2) integrated with the floating body (1) receives a large force that flows in the direction of flowing water together with the floating body (1), but the anchor pole (2) and the pole hole (3) come into contact with the pole hole (3). The force acts on the foundation (4), but the foundation (4) integrated with the earth ground is immobile and the floating body (1) is not washed away.

The floating body (1) moves up and down according to the rising and falling of the water level without being poured into the running water due to the anchoring action of the anchor pole (2) and the pole hole (3). The floating body (1) is placed at rest.
When the flooded water level is abnormally high and the lower end of the anchor pole (2) comes out of the pole hole (3), the floating body (1) is tampered with the flow with the anchor pole (2) suspended.
The floating body (1) has a flat plate shape and a very stable structure on the water surface. However, when the anchor pole (2) is suspended, the center of gravity moves downward and the stability is further improved.
Therefore, unless the pontoon type floating body collides with the structure and breaks and floods, it does not sink and the building and the person on the floating body are protected.

Moreover, even if the pontoon type floating body (1) is damaged and inundated, the inundation usually occurs after a considerable period of time, and the storm surge damage is often completed by that time.
If the water level is low and the land is flat without any obstacles, the anchor pole (2) is contracted while the floating body (1) is left as it is, and placed at that position.
FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a specific prior application, and a pool-type foundation (7), most of which is buried in the ground and made of reinforced concrete, has a container-type pool shape with a four-sided side wall portion (15) and a bottom surface (18). Is formed.
The reason why the bottom surface of the foundation is lowered is that the top surface of the floating body, that is, the height of the deck from the ground can be freely determined by adjusting the depth of the pool.

A pedestal (5) is formed integrally with the foundation on the bottom surface (18) of the pool type foundation, and a rectangular shaped carrier type floating body (1) is placed on the pedestal.
In the space between the pedestal and the pedestal, a jack lift is drawn in the maintenance passage (6), and the maintenance passage also serves as a conduit for storm surge inundation.
The first reason for forming the pedestal on the foundation bottom surface (18) and providing the maintenance passage as described above is for the construction method of the floating body.
First, foundation work is completed, and steel plates made of floating material are arranged on a pedestal, and the floating body bottom plate (17) is welded from above. Next, the steel plate constituting the four-sided floating body is welded from the inside of the floating body, and finally the upper surface of the floating body is finished.

After the above welding operation is completed and the floating body shape is formed, the jack lift (8) is then introduced into the maintenance passage (6), and all the jack lifts are operated in synchronism to raise the entire floating body. Surface treatment processing such as welding and painting from the bottom of the floating body and the outside of the side.
Floating bodies need a life span of several tens to hundreds of years, and therefore surface treatment of rusting iron materials is important and can be maintained at any time.
That is, the first reason for providing the pedestal is to form a space for introducing a jack lift by providing a maintenance passage.
The second reason for forming the pedestal on the foundation bottom surface (18) is to promptly float the floating body during flooding at high tide. In this case, the height of the pedestal is not required to be large enough to introduce a jack lift, but is intended to function as a water conduit.

When the floating body is placed directly on the foundation bottom surface (18) as shown in FIG. 3 (a), if storm surge inundation suddenly flows, water is not quickly introduced to the entire bottom surface of the floating body, and it takes time and the bottom plate (17) and foundation bottom surface It is feared that the water level rises and the water level rises and floods the precious floating building (20).
That is, there is a possibility that the steel plate of the floating bottom plate rusts and the concrete on the bottom surface of the foundation deteriorates and powders and iron and concrete are integrated, so that the water does not penetrate quickly and only the water level rises. In this case, if there is no water on the bottom surface of the floating body, buoyancy is not generated in the floating body, so that only the water level rises without finally rising, and finally the building above the floating body is submerged.
For this reason, it was judged that it is important that the maintenance passage becomes a water conduit and the inundation flows easily and quickly into the bottom of the floating body, and that the floating body rises momentarily.

The present inventor took a specific design work of the specific prior application and encountered a large cost problem with respect to the maintenance passage.
As shown in FIG. 2, in order to ensure the height B of the pedestal, the depth A of the pool-type foundation is deeper than expected.
The weight of the floating body and the floating building are divided by the floating body area, and the draft of the floating body is calculated to make the floating body slightly wider than the building area, but the draft is very shallow.
In other words, the building is about tens of centimeters in height when it is built on a floating body for a wooden structure and a two-story reinforced concrete structure.
Therefore, the minimum depth of the floating body is 1.2 to 1.5 meters that can be used in the floating body, but the minimum height of the maintenance passage is 0.5 to 1.2 meters, and the required depth of the pool. A becomes deeper than expected and the amount of concrete in the side wall portion (15) and the method of excavating the foundation work increases.

In order to solve the contradiction, the present inventor has considered the following items 1 and 2 through various investigations and experiments, and summarized the countermeasures to arrive at the present application.
1. The tsunami storm surge has a horizontal flow velocity that is considerably faster than that of an automobile and is several tens of kilometers per hour, but the inundation depth, that is, the rising speed of the water depth, is slower than expected.
The tsunami is a seawater mass that rises off the ocean and travels downhill in the horizontal direction due to gravity. Therefore, the traveling speed is very fast, but it spreads over a wide area, so the increasing speed of the water depth at the land site is slow.
It has been found that the rate of increase in water depth is 1 meter, and it takes only 1 minute or more even if it is extremely fast.
The flood was not much different from the above, and it was confirmed that the rising speed was much slower in the case of typhoon storm surge.

When the floating body is placed directly on the pool-type foundation bottom surface (18) as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the storm surge flowing from the right opening (12) flows into the pool as indicated by a white arrow.
Further, in plan view, as shown in (b), it passes through the gap between the side wall portion (15) and the outside of the floating body, and permeates from the four sides of the bottom of the floating body as indicated by white large arrows.
The bottom surface of the floating body and the bottom surface of the foundation are not completely in close contact with each other. The bottom plate of the floating body is slightly distorted in production, and the bottom surface of the foundation has a concrete surface and has some unevenness, so that water flows into the gap.
Immediately after the inundation starts, there is no pressure, but as the inundation level rises, the water pressure is applied and flows into the gap toward the center of the bottom of the floating body.
In this case, since the rising speed of the water surface line (14) in the pool is slow as described above, the size of the floating body is as large as several tens of meters to 100 meters or more, and the floating body bottom plate (17) and the pool-type foundation bottom surface (18) Even if the interval is a little fixed due to rust and concrete deterioration due to aging, it takes a considerable time to reach the water line (30) when the water surface line (14) rises and the floating body rises.

Further, the surface of the floating body rises above the waterline, the buoyancy of the floating body becomes greater than the gravity of the floating body and the building on the floating body, and the balance begins to rise for the first time. If fixed, it is peeled off.
Therefore, even if a pedestal is provided between the bottom plate of the floating body and the bottom surface of the pool type foundation, and there is no special water conduit that guides water to the bottom surface of the floating body, the rising speed of the water surface line will be slow and there will be no damage to the building on the floating body. Was assumed.
2. Although it is a problem of surface treatment on the bottom and side of the floating body, the floating body is integral with the upper building, and it is necessary to maintain durability equivalent to the lifetime of the building more than 100 years.
Therefore, in the specific prior application, a maintenance passage is provided and the surface of the bottom of the floating body can be treated at any time by a jack lift. However, as described above, the depth of the pool becomes deep and unreasonable.
Surface treatment is required as soon as it is submerged, but it may not be once every decades or even less than a hundred years, and the initial investment for that is expensive and irrational.

Therefore, the present inventor has placed the floating body directly on the bottom surface of the pool type foundation, and has devised a method means capable of inspecting and surface-treating the floating body bottom whenever necessary.
If it is necessary to supply water into the pool and float the floating body, install the frame between the bottom surface of the floating body and the bottom of the pool base by underwater work, then drain the water in the pool and temporarily install the floating body on the frame In addition, the floating body is further lifted by jack lift, and the bottom surface of the floating body is inspected and surface-treated.
Next, water is supplied again into the pool, the floating body is floated, and the frame is removed and then drained and then the original state is restored.
In addition to the surface treatment processing method from the outside of the bottom surface of the floating body and the side wall portion, a method means that does not require the surface treatment processing is conceived by a new idea of the floating body manufacturing means and will be described in detail in the following examples.

The most important thing for the invention is the function of whether the invention can achieve the object realistically. The next important thing is that even if there are many means to achieve the purpose, the structure is the simplest, the material is the fewest, it is easy to process, and the total cost can be manufactured at low cost. is there.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the following examples illustrate one mode for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a method for constructing a floating body of a storm surge flooded building according to the present invention. FIG. It is a sectional side view which shows the state.
The anchor pole (2) has a lower end inserted into a pole hole (3), which is a locking member drilled in the bottom surface of the foundation, and is integrally welded together with the floating bottom plate.
(B) is a floating bottom plate partial horizontal sectional view of (a), in which a plate material is supplied and moved by a crane, and is arranged on the bottom surface of the floating body and is being welded.
(C) is a side cross-sectional view as seen from the right side of (b). The trolley carriage (33) and the portal crane using rubber wheels using the upper surface of the side wall portion (15) of the pool type foundation as a rail at the construction site. The state which carries in and uses a board | plate material (19) is shown.

The manufacturing method of the floating body bottom plate and the floating body side plate will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (c) and FIGS. 11 to 12. FIG.
As shown in (b), the floating body bottom plate (17) is manufactured by first arranging a band iron on the base bottom surface as a base plate (32) in a well-shaped shape according to the size of the plate material (19) of a fixed size. The base plate is laid in the same plane on the portions and the front, rear, left and right end portions connecting them and the portion where the load is applied from above.
Next, a fixed-size plate material is butted and arranged on it, and welded together with the base plate below it by welding to the butted portion from above.
In FIG. 11, the laying state of the base plate (32) is drawn in a bird's-eye view, and the state in which the plate material (19) is superimposed on the base plate as shown by an arrow is shown.
12 (a) and 12 (b) are explanatory views of the welding method, and the butted portion of the sizing plate material (19) is welded together with the lower base plate (32) from above. The inside of the butt corner of the floating body side plate (31) and the floating body bottom plate (17) is joined as a welded portion (37). Since all welding processes are performed from the inside of the floating body, surface treatment such as painting can be performed after completion of processing.
Further, the welded surface is not welded to the outside of the floating body.

Since the steel sheet is a galvanized iron plate or heat-treated surface-treated, there are coatings on the front and back sides and the four sides, and the coating on the welded surface is peeled off, but the back side remains with heat resistance to some extent and has a rust prevention effect.
In the case of floating piers or work trolleys used at sea, they always float on the sea surface, and as mentioned above, welding from the inside of the floating body alone is dangerous and does not pass the legal inspection as a ship.
However, it is assumed that the storm surge flooded building of the present invention is always installed on land, and only inundates for a short time only when there is storm surge inundation and is not a ship, so it can sufficiently withstand the intended use.
FIG. 5 (a) is a completed view of the storm surge flooded floating building of the present invention, the lower part from the floating body is a side sectional view, and (b) is a plan view in the AA section of (a).
In order to maintain a rectangular parallelepiped shape in the floating body and prevent twisting, a cross-shaped partition wall (39) is provided, and a load base (11) that supports the weight of the building is formed.

Although not shown, the load platform receives a load from above directly below the pillar of the building and is supported on the bottom surface of the floating body and the bottom surface of the foundation.
18 (a) to 18 (d) are examples of bird's eye views of the load table, which are H-shaped steel, square pipe, round pipe, and H-shaped steel combination, each of which is formed to compress a long steel material in its length direction. is there.
In addition, a water tank (41) is installed in the floating body, and this water tank is used as a weight for supplying the water and correcting the inclination when the floating body is floated and the inclination is tested.
In this figure, two water tanks are installed on the right and left sides of the floating body, but the building has two floors on the left and is heavier. is there.
Water is supplied to the inside of the pool type foundation (hereinafter referred to as the inside of the pool) to float the floating body, and an appropriate amount of water is supplied to the two water tanks on the left and right sides to balance the inclination of the floating body.
If the storm surge flooded building can be completed, it is recommended to float and perform the above tilt test and anchor pole expansion / contraction test for the test at the time of rising. In addition, it is necessary to check the condition of the floating body and the concrete of the pool type foundation once every few years or decades.

In addition, once submerged in a pool type foundation that has been soaked in storm surges, it is necessary to prepare a surface treatment to prevent floating rust.
FIG. 6 shows a state in which water is supplied from a large water supply / drainage tank (43) into the pool, and the floating body and the building are floated. When the floating body floats up, the anchor pole extends downward from the bottom of the floating body as shown in the figure.
In the figure, a worker attaches an aqualung, enters the pool, and installs a base at a position corresponding to the load base under the bottom of the floating body.
As shown in FIG. 7, if the water in the pool is drained to the water supply / drainage tank (43) by the drainage pump (45) after the installation of the gantry, the floating body is lowered vertically by being guided by the anchor pole, and the floating body is installed on the gantry. The
In this state, the bottom of the floating body is dried and surface treatment such as painting is performed.
If the gap between the side wall of the floating body and the side wall of the floating body cannot be reduced, a number of jack lifts (8) such as hydraulic water pressure are introduced under the bottom of the floating body and operated in synchronism with the position adjacent to the base. To raise.

FIG. 8 shows the situation, and the floating body side surface is raised by raising the floating body side surface to the height of the foundation side wall portion or more. In this state, surface treatment work such as welding and painting from the outside of the floating body can be performed. When the floating body is made of FRP resin, in addition to the bonding from the inside by the patch sheet, the bonding work from the outside can be performed and the structural strength is reinforced.
When the above operation is completed, the gantry is installed again as shown in FIG. 9, the jack lift is lowered, the floating body is placed on the gantry, the jack lift is carried out, water is supplied again into the pool, and the floating body is lifted.
As shown in FIG. 10, when the gantry is carried out and drained again by underwater work, the floating body and the building are accurately placed on the bottom of the foundation in the original state of FIG. 5, and the surface treatment work from the outside of the floating body is completed.

Floating bodies assembled and constructed in a pool-type foundation are supplied with water into the pool as described above, and the floating body floats up. Underwater work, a base is installed below the floating body, drained, and the floating body is temporarily installed on the base. Various processing on the bottom and sides can be performed by performing various processing operations on the bottom, then supplying water again into the pool, floating the floating body, removing the gantry, and draining. Name the scheme.
A method of forming a pedestal and a maintenance passage in the foundation of a specific prior application and introducing a jack lift to lift and process the floating body is called a pedestal jack lift system.
Compared to the pedestal jack lift floating body processing method, the pool water supply / drainage floating body processing method has the advantage that the pool depth can be made shallower than the height of the pedestal, the structure is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low.

A method for manufacturing a floating body using FRP resin material will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
FRP is a material that does not rust like steel plates and has very little secular change. If it is used as a floating body for floating storm surge damage, surface treatment on the outside of the floating body is unnecessary, and the price is slightly higher than that of steel plates. The most suitable material.
FIG. 13 is a bird's-eye view from the inside of the floating body corner, in which the floating body bottom plate (17), the floating body side plate (53), and the anchor pole sheath member (23) are depicted.
In general, FRP molding is generally performed using a formwork on site with a glass fiber roll mat, a resin liquid, and a curing agent. It is formed into a plate material having a size that can be loaded, and the plate material is used and bonded and connected by a glass fiber patch sheet (47).
The floating bottom plate, the side plate, and the sheath member are all made of FRP resin, and the connection portion surface is roughened with a sander, sandpaper or the like, and the FRP sheet is bonded with a patch sheet (47) in which a resin station is impregnated and connected.

FIG. 14 is a side sectional view of the above, in which a metal pipe inner sheath (48) is inserted into a resin anchor pole sheath member (23), and a metal tip pole (49) is inserted into the inner sheath. Has been.
The parts material such as the inner sheath tip pole is suspended by a hoist crane as shown in the figure, inserted into the sheath member (23), and finally sealed from above with a watertight lid (50).
FIG. 15 is a view for explaining an anchor pole having a new structure and its operation. FIG. 15 (b) shows a state in which the anchor pole is stored in a normal state, and FIG. 15 (a) shows a situation in which the floating body floats during flooding.
In (a), when the floating body starts to rise during flooding at high tide, first, the portion where the inner diameter of the lower end portion of the sheath member (23) is narrowed and the portion where the outer diameter of the upper end portion of the inner sheath (48) is thicker come into contact. The inner sheath rises.

As the levitation further proceeds, the portion where the inner diameter of the lower end portion of the inner sheath is narrowed and the portion where the outer diameter of the upper end portion of the tip pole (49) is increased come into contact with each other and the tip pole rises.
In the anchor device of this embodiment, most of the locking members made of steel are embedded below the bottom surface of the pool-type foundation, and the upper steel pipe portion (51) extends vertically upward and is inserted inside the anchor pole tip pole (49). Has been. Therefore, the upper steel pipe part is a part of the locking member, but the part protruding upward from the bottom surface of the base also functions as an anchor pole.
When the floating body further floats and the lower end portion of the tip pole (49) and the upper end of the locking member steel pipe portion (51) are removed, the anchor does not act and the floating body is poured into the submerged flowing water while the anchor pole is suspended.

By suspending the anchor pole, the floating body slightly lowers its center of gravity, prevents overturning, and if the water level drops, the anchor pole is shortened and placed on the ground.
FIG. 16 is a view for explaining another new structure of the anchor pole (2) and its operation. (B) and (d) show the normal state, and (a) and (c) show the floating body when submerged. Indicates a rising situation.
The locking member (24) is embedded and fixed on the bottom surface of the pool-type foundation, and an anchor pole made of a steel pipe material is inserted therein. However, the anchor pole has no buoyancy and hits the bottom of the locking member and is substantially engaged. It is integrated with the stop member.
When storm surge inundation occurs and the water level rises, only the floating body rises as shown in (a) and (c). In (a), when the floating body bottom part and the upper end of the anchor pole come off, the floating body is tossed by the flooded tide.

The anchor pole of (d) is provided with a hook-shaped stopper (26) at the upper end, and as shown in (c), the stopper and the upper end of the sheath member (23) are brought into contact with each other as the water level rises, and the anchor is lifted by the buoyancy of the floating body. The pole is pulled out from the locking member, and the floating body is poured into running water with the anchor pole suspended.
The action of the storm surge flooded floating building of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
In FIG. 5, the opening (27) at the right end is provided with an open / close door (21), which is normally closed, but is opened by a driving device (22) in response to storm surge inundation information.
When storm surge inundation strikes, the inundation flows into the opening and passes between the side of the floating body and the side wall of the floating body, and the water begins to penetrate from the four sides of the floating body toward the center of the slight gap between the bottom of the pool base and the bottom of the floating body. .

While the water level in the pool is low, there is no pressure, and as the water level rises, the infiltration gradually progresses and the floating body begins to rise when the water level rises above the waterline of the floating body.
In this case, when the bottom of the floating body and the bottom of the foundation are changed over time, it is difficult for water to penetrate due to rust or concrete degrading powder. There is a risk that the inland water level will rise and flood the building.
However, the rising speed of the flooded water level is not as rapid as described above, and the above-mentioned trouble will not occur if the floating body and the bottom of the pool-type foundation are prepared.
FIG. 18 shows a situation in which the floating body has started to rise, and the water level has risen to some extent, and the inner sheath (48) of the anchor pole (2) has been extended.
A large force acts on the floating body from right to left depending on the flow rate of water, but the anchor device by the anchor pole (2) and the locking member (24) works, and the floating body floats vertically only without being flowed by the flow velocity.
The floating body rises and falls repeatedly depending on the water level, but it is placed at the original position as soon as the storm surge inundation ends without being swept away by the anchor device.

FIG. 19 shows an embodiment in which a running water gradient is provided on the bottom surface of the foundation, and shows a situation where water is supplied into the pool and the floating body is floating. If the bottom of the foundation is horizontal, the water supplied to the pool cannot be drained easily, and it takes a very long time for the pool to dry.
FIG. 19A is a side sectional view of a pool-type foundation, FIG. 19B is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 19C is a side sectional view seen from the front of FIG.
The bottom surface of the pool has a running water gradient toward the central drainage groove (77) as shown by the arrows in (b) and (c), and the bottom surface of the drainage groove is directed to the right as shown by the dotted line in (a). The running water slope is attached so that water gathers in the drain pit (78) at the right end with a downward slope.
When draining the water in the pool, although not shown, a drainage pump is inserted into the drainage pit for drainage operation.
In addition, a pool with drainage pits and drainage grooves in the pool as described above becomes a conduit for drainage, and the water infiltrates from the center of the bottom of the floating body during flooding. Becomes faster.

The bottom surface of the pool in FIG. 19 has a running water gradient toward the drainage groove, and a floating body is placed on the slope, so that the bottom surface of the floating body has a deep center as shown in FIG.
This floating body shape takes time and effort during manufacturing, and a perfect rectangular parallelepiped is desirable for manufacturing.
20 to 21 show an embodiment in which a running water gradient is provided on the bottom surface of the foundation, the bottom surface of the floating body is a horizontal surface, and the floating body is a complete rectangular parallelepiped.
20A and 21B are both a side sectional view of a pool-type foundation, FIG. 20B is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 21C is a sectional side view as viewed from the front of FIG.
FIG. 20 shows the bottom of the rectangular floating body (18) integrally connected to the pedestal (5) shown in (d) made of steel plate. The figure shows the bottom of the pedestal when it floats in the pool but is drained. Is placed with a uniform load along the bottom of the pool.

In FIG. 21, a pedestal (5) made of steel plate or concrete is provided integrally with the pool on the bottom surface of the pool. When drained, the bottom surface of the floating body is placed with a uniform load along the top surface of the pedestal.
In both FIG. 20 and FIG. 21, a pedestal is interposed between the bottom surface of the floating body and the bottom surface of the pool, and a gap is formed between the adjacent pedestal and the pedestal.
Accordingly, when the water flows into the hydrophilic, the water is immediately immersed in the entire bottom of the floating body, so that the floating body rises quickly, and the water is quickly drained when draining from the pool.

22 to 25, an embodiment in which the bottom surface and the side surface of the floating body are made of FRP synthetic resin will be described in detail.
Although the manufacturing method of the FRP floating body has been described above, a new construction method for efficiently assembling and manufacturing a large floating body will be described below.
22A is a side sectional view of the pool-type foundation corner portion, and FIG. 22B is a plan view of the same.
A wooden gap block is arranged inside the pool-shaped foundation side wall (15) as shown in the figure, and a mold (58) is erected on the inside.
First, a release agent is applied to the inside of the mold, and a glass fiber roving cloth (hereinafter referred to as “cross”) and a chop strand mat (hereinafter referred to as “mat”), which are FRP laminates, are alternately provided with the required number of plies. FRP resin laminating process is performed by laminating and laminating the resin liquid with a curing agent.

The upper end portion of the floating body side surface is an inner flange as shown in the drawing, and the large floating body is integrally formed by constructing the floating body side surface and the bottom surface integrally over the front circumference.
The hole to be inserted into the anchor pole sheath member drilled in the bottom of the floating body is inserted into the pole hole (3) in advance as shown in the figure, and the cylinder wooden mold (82) is inserted into the resin layer to cure the handle after curing. And is formed by pulling out the cylindrical wooden mold.
The permeation prevention sheet laid between the bottom surface of the floating body and the bottom surface of the foundation prevents the resin liquid from penetrating downward and prevents the bottom surface of the floating body and the bottom surface of the foundation from being bonded together. And lift off and remove by underwater work.
Instead of the permeation prevention sheet, an anti-adhesion paint such as a gel coat may be applied, and in that case, the above peeling operation can be omitted.
When the FRP resin laminated on the inside of the mold is cured, as shown in the bird's-eye view of FIG. 23, first strike the gap block with a hammer or the like and pull it up, and the mold is knocked outward to peel off the cured resin layer. Remove upwards.

FIG. 24 is a bird's-eye view illustrating the internal structure for maintaining the strength of the floating body. The floating body is basically a rectangular hexahedron made of a flat plate, and (b) shows the bottom and side surfaces of the FRP material as described above. The floating plate (28) made of an iron plate material shown in (a) is placed thereon and fastened with a vault nut.
Ship term partition wall (63) in which wall surface type reinforcing material (62) connecting the floating body side surface (53) and the bottom surface facing the inside of the floating body is erected in a cross direction in order to prevent torsion of the entire floating body and maintain the outer shape. Is provided.
Further, in order to maintain a flat surface of the plate material such as a flat floating body side surface, a large number of frames (52) are integrally provided on the surface of the plate material and a vertical surface.
When the floating body is made of a steel plate, the wall surface type reinforcing material such as the partition wall and the frame are connected by welding the steel plate material. However, when the floating body is FRP, the partition wall may be either FRP or steel plate, and the frame is bonded by FRP. Easy and easy to install.

The load table (11) of FIG. 24 (b) is made of a steel plate, and is disposed at a position to receive the weight of the building constructed above according to the design book.
The anchor pole sheath member (23) is made of a steel plate or FRP and is disposed on a hole that is not shown but communicates with the bottom surface of the floating body.
The corner flange at the lower end of the load platform and the flange of the sheath member are laminated from the top using a mat and cloth of FRP material and a resin solution for bonding to the bottom surface of the FRP floating body, and are covered and cured to be integrated.
The plate material made of iron plate as the deck of (a) is lifted and carried by a portal crane using the above upper surface of the pool-type foundation side wall as a rail, laid on the floating body, and the inner flange portion (71) at the upper end of the floating body and The load base and the flange at the upper end of the sheath member are joined to each other by bolts and nuts.

FIG. 25 is a plan view of the FRP floating body, and FIG. 26 is a bird's-eye view thereof. In FIG. 24 described above, however, an example is shown in which all of the load platforms (11) installed independently are connected by wall surface type reinforcing members (62).
In this figure, the opposite side surfaces (74) of the floating bodies are connected to each other by a wall surface type reinforcing material (62) such as a partition wall (63) via a load table (11) of a circular cross-section pipe.
Therefore, the load bearing capacity from above the single load platform of the previous embodiment is increased, and the effect of maintaining the shape of the floating body is provided, and the load becomes stronger.
The wall surface type reinforcing material (62) such as the load platform (11) and the partition wall (63) are all made of steel plate, and are integrally welded or connected by bolts and nuts (not shown). Are connected by resin processing as indicated by a resin joint (66).
The FRP frame (72) on the inner side of the floating body is formed by wrapping a non-strength urethane core material (56) with a glass fiber mat and a patch sheet (47) such as a cloth and connecting the floating body side surface. The planar shape of (31) is reinforced.

A manhole (73) is provided on the upper deck, and it is possible to enter all the compartments through the passage holes from the lower compartment. I can do it.
However, this operation is a closed compartment space, and ventilation with a sufficient blower must be taken in consideration of the toxic gas and heat generated when the FRP resin solution is cured.
An efficient assembling method in which the load table, the wall surface type reinforcing member, the sheath member of the anchor pole, and the like described in FIGS. 25 to 26 are connected to the iron plate deck on the upper surface of the floating body by a welding structure will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
22 to 23, an FRP floating body is formed in which the top surface is opened in the pool and the bottom surface and side surfaces are integrally molded.

First, using a portal crane assembled on the side wall of the pool on the bottom surface of the floating body, a fixed-length iron plate is laid to prevent the FRP bottom plate from being damaged by welding due to the next welding operation.
On the iron plate, as shown in FIG. 27, the iron deck on the upper surface of the floating body is connected to the load table wall surface type reinforcing material by welding.
FIG. 27 shows a state in which a load base and a wall surface type reinforcing material such as a partition wall are welded and connected to three deck iron plates adjacent to each other.
The completed deck is rotated 180 degrees one by one with a portal crane, the deck material at the bottom is placed on the top of the floating body, and the butt section of the deck and deck is butt-welded and welded from the top for watertightness.
As shown in FIG. 28, the flange portion (75) at the upper end of the FRP floating body is connected to the iron plate deck and bolts and nuts.

One end of the connecting piece (67) at the end of the wall surface type reinforcing member is welded, and the other end is connected to the adjacent material by a bolt and nut.
In FIG. 27, it is assumed that all the portions not described in the welded portion (70) are also connected by welding.
FIG. 28 is a side sectional view in a completed state, and (a) shows the left side and (b) shows the right side in order to explain the enlarged view.
Since the bottom and side surfaces of the floating body are only submerged, the frame is necessary to prevent the flat plate from distorting, but the depth is several tens of centimeters and the depth is extremely shallow and the pressure is very small. Satisfy with.
The deck on which the load platform, the bulkhead, and a number of frames are welded is inserted into the FRP floating body, and the bottom surface of the floating body and each member are bonded and connected with an FRP material as indicated by a resin bonding portion (66).
As shown in the figure, SUS plates (69) are attached to the upper surfaces of both ends of the deck through an angle, and the upper surface is filled with mortar to form a dog run (68) around the building foundation (42).

Although the embodiment of loading and unloading equipment using the portal crane (54) has been described above, it is extremely convenient for processing the floating body and will be described in detail below again with a bird's eye view.
In FIG. 29, the portal crane (54) using the upper surface (80) of the pool side wall as a rail and using flexible rubber wheels for the trolley carriage (33) is assembled each time according to the pool size at the construction site.
One end of the I-beam (35) protrudes and is assembled so that the equipment can be lifted up directly from a vehicle parked outside the pool.
The portal crane (54) is used for loading and unloading floating materials and jigs and tools, and it is extremely versatile for moving all the work pieces in the pool, such as lifting and butt turning of work pieces and welding adhesion. It can be used.

The present invention is an evacuation facility for a tsunami disaster, and it is predicted that a Nankai earthquake or a Tonankai earthquake will occur in the near future.
In addition, storm surge damage caused by a typhoon occurs almost every year in various places, and the present invention is extremely effective as a means to cope with this storm surge flood damage.
By providing technically complete equipment, the construction and shipbuilding industries also have significant industrial potential.
The great tsunami that hit the Indian Ocean coastal area at the end of December 2004 devastated hundreds of thousands of people and enjoyed marine resorts within a few hours.

Many tourists will not turn to coastal resorts until some absolutely reliable rescue facility for the tsunami is completed.
The present invention can prove to be a great food for guaranteeing a safe life for many people living in the marine resort industry and the coastal area by proving its safety effect.
In addition, the present invention can be applied to general residential buildings and large hotels and built in coastal lowlands where storm surge damage is likely to occur. there is a possibility.

The bird's-eye view explaining the structure of the building (10) which does not flood a specific prior application, and the operation principle at the time of flooding. Side sectional view of a specific prior application. (A) is side sectional drawing of this invention. (B) is a plan view of the same. (A) is a side sectional view of the present invention during assembly. (B) is a plan view of the same. (C) is the sectional side view seen from the right side of (b). (A) is a side sectional view of the present invention at the time of completion. (B) Same as above Floating body (1) Side sectional view during the levitation test. Side sectional view of the bottom of the floating body after draining from the pool-shaped foundation (7). Side sectional drawing which raises a floating body (1) by jack lift (8). Side sectional drawing which supplies water in order to remove the mount frame (44) after the said operation | work. Side sectional drawing which drains from the pool form foundation (7) after the said work. A bird's-eye view in which a base plate (32) is laid in the shape of a well on the bottom of the foundation, and a plate material (19) is arranged thereon. (A) is a bird's-eye view which shows the welding part (37) of a floating body corner. (B) is side sectional drawing which shows the welding part (37) of the board | plate material (19) of a floating body bottom part. . The bird's-eye view joined by the patch sheet (47) using the FRP plate (46) at the floating body corner. Side sectional drawing which attaches an anchor pole (2) with a patch sheet (47) using a FRP board. (A) is an expansion side sectional view of anchor pole (2) of a new structure. (B) is a side sectional view of the same as above. (A) And (c) is an expansion middle sectional view of anchor pole (2) of a new structure. (B) And (d) is a side sectional view of a normal time same as the above. (A), (b), (c), and (d) are all bird's-eye views of the load table (11) and the gantry (44). The sectional side view of the floating body floating state at the time of storm surge inundation. (A) And (c) is a sectional side view of the Example which provided the flowing water gradient in the pool bottom face (61). (B) is a plan view of the same. The pedestal (5) is integrally provided on the bottom surface of the floating body, and (a) and (c) are side sectional views. (B) is a plan view of the above, and (d) is a bird's-eye view of the pedestal. The base (5) is provided integrally on the bottom of the pool, and (a) and (c) are side sectional views. (B) is a plan view of the same. (A) is a corner part side sectional view which manufactures an FRP floating body using a formwork (58) in a pool. (B) is a plan view of the same. The bird's-eye view of the above. (B) The bird's-eye view which arrange | positions a sheath member (23) and a load stand (11) in the FRP floating body, and installs a wall surface type reinforcing material (62). (A) is a bird's-eye view of the iron-plate deck arrange | positioned at the upper part of the said floating body. The top view which shows the structure which connects the load stand (11) partition (63) and floating body side surface which are arrange | positioned in the FRP floating body. The bird's-eye view of the above. The bird's-eye view which connects a deck (28), a wall surface type structural material (62), and a load stand (11) by welding. (A) (b) Side sectional drawing of the storm surge flood damage floating building (10) completed by assembling the upper deck together in the floating body. The bird's-eye view of the portal crane which used the pool side wall upper surface (80) as a rail.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... floating body 2 ... anchor pole 3 ... pole hole 4 ... foundation 5 ... pedestal
6 ... Maintenance passage
7 ... Pool type foundation
8 ... Jack lift
9 ... Ground 10 ... Storm surge flooding building 11 ... Load platform 12 ... Opening
13 ... Rainwater hippo 14 ... Water surface line
15 ... side wall
16 ... Water guide channel 17 ... Floating body bottom plate 18 ... Bottom surface 19 ... Plate material 20 ... Building 21 ... Opening / closing door 22 ... Driving device 23 ... Sheath member 24 ... Locking member 25 ... Band iron 26 ... Stopper 27 ... Opening 28 ... Deck 29 ... Ridge 30 ... water line 31 ... floating body side plate 32 ... base plate 33 ... trolley carriage 34 ... gate 35 ... I beam 36 ... band iron 37 ... welded portion 38 ... frame 39 ... partition wall 40 ... passage hole 41 ... water tank 42 ... base 43 ... Water supply / drainage tank 44 ... Base 45 ... Drainage pump 46 ... FRP plate 47 ... Patch sheet 48 ... Inner sheath 49 ... Tip pole 50 ... Lid 51 ... Steel pipe part 52 ... Frame 53 ... Floating body side plate 54 ... Crane 55 ... Hoist 56 ... Urethane Core material 57 ... Gap block 58 ... Frame 59 ... FRP laminate 60 ... Penetration prevention sheet 61 ... Pool bottom surface 62 ... Wall type reinforcement 63 ... Bulk partition 64 ... Passage hole 65 ... Iron plate 66 ... Resin joint 7 ... Connection piece 68 ... Dog running 69 ... SUS plate 70 ... Welding part 71 ... Inner flange part 72 ... FRP frame 73 ... Manhole 74 ... Side face 75 ... Flange part 76 ... Butting part 77 ... Drain groove 78 ... Drain pit 79 ... Water surface 80 ... Side wall upper surface 81 ... Projection 82 ... Cylindrical wooden 83 ... Handle

Claims (2)

Constructed so that people can live on the floating body in a floating structure with a floating structure that prevents flooding of the building against storm surges such as tsunami, typhoon and river flooding, etc. A storm surge flooded building characterized by
1. A container structure pool type foundation made of reinforced concrete, which is buried in the ground and has an open top surface and side walls and a bottom surface.
2. Place a trolley type floating body on the bottom of the pool type foundation.
3. Open an inlet for storm surge inundation communicating with the inside of the pool type foundation.
4. Provided with an anchor pole that is integral with the carrier type floating body and expands and contracts vertically downward when viewed from the floating body.
5. A locking member is provided integrally with the foundation on the bottom surface of the pool-type foundation, and the anchor pole and the locking member are coupled and integrated.
6. The floating body floats vertically upward when it is in a flooded state, but the anchor pole is coupled and fixed to the locking member so as to prevent the floating body from flowing due to flowing water. The water is supplied to the inside of the pool-type foundation of the floating building according to claim 1, the floating body is levitated, and a base is temporarily installed below the floating body by underwater work, and then the internal water is drained to remove the water on the base Temporarily installing a floating body on the surface, processing the surface of the bottom of the floating body, supplying water again, floating the floating body, transporting the gantry, and draining the water again to maintain the floating body. Method.

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