JP4887756B2 - Deodorizing body and deodorizing apparatus using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a deodorizing body that removes a complex odor generated when nursing a bedridden person or a stool in a hospital or an elderly facility, and a deodorizing apparatus using the same.

Conventionally, deodorization of the defecation odor has been performed by distributing a deodorizing material carrying an adsorbent. In particular, defecation odors could be removed efficiently by removing hydrogen sulfide with Mn-based oxides and removing ammonia, dimethyl disulfide, etc. with adsorbents having a physical adsorption action such as zeolite. (For example, refer to Patent Documents 1 and 2).
JP 2001-79350 A JP 2001-2119060 A

  However, with conventional deodorizers, aldehydes such as acetaldehyde contained in body odors generated by care recipients of hospitals and elderly facilities are difficult to adsorb with adsorbents such as activated carbon and zeolite, so aldehydes have a long life against defecation odors. There was a problem that the life of the product was short and the deodorized body could not be used effectively.

  In addition, many adsorbents that have a chemical adsorption action on hydrogen sulfide have a catalytic action to oxidize alcohols such as ethanol and isopropyl alcohol contained in disinfectants used in hospitals and elderly facilities to aldehydes. For this reason, the deodorizing device for care used in hospitals and elderly facilities has a problem that the life is further shortened.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is a deodorizing body capable of removing complex odors such as defecation odors and body odors that are generated when nursing a bedridden person in a hospital or an elderly facility, and body odors for a long period of time. And it aims at providing a deodorizing apparatus.

The present invention solves such a problem, an adsorbent having a chemical adsorption action on at least hydrogen sulfide, an adsorbent having a physical adsorption action, a catalytic agent containing cobalt and having a catalytic action, In the deodorizing body composed of the adsorbent and the carrier carrying the catalyst agent, the adsorbent having a physical adsorption action is a sodium component or a potassium component of less than 1 wt%, and the catalyst agent It is a deodorant characterized by adsorbing and removing carboxylic acid converted from aldehydes . When sodium or potassium is present in the cation state, it inhibits the transfer of electrons and leads to a decrease in catalytic action. aldehydes by reducing the amount to the carboxylic acid with efficiently converted, carvone with adsorbent such as activated carbon or zeolite Because it has an adsorption capacity 30 times higher than that of aldehydes, it is possible to realize a deodorizing body and deodorizing device that can remove complex odors that occur during bed-care and stool in hospitals and elderly facilities for a long period of time. .

  The deodorizing body of the present invention provides a deodorizing body that converts harmful acetaldehyde contained in body odor and the like into acetic acid that is less harmful and easy to remove with an adsorbent, and can be adsorbed and removed with an adsorbent having a physical adsorption action. it can. Therefore, it is possible to provide a deodorizing apparatus that can remove a compound odor generated at the time of care or stool for a bedridden person in a hospital or an elderly facility for a long period of time.

The first invention carries an adsorbent having a chemical adsorption action on at least hydrogen sulfide, an adsorbent having a physical adsorption action, a catalytic agent containing cobalt and having a catalytic action, and the adsorbent and the catalyst agent. In the deodorizing body composed of a carrier, the adsorbent having a physical adsorption action is one in which the sodium component or potassium component is less than 1 wt%, and adsorbs the carboxylic acid converted from aldehydes by the catalyst agent. It is a deodorant characterized by its removal. When sodium or potassium is present in the form of a cation, it inhibits the transfer of electrons and reduces the catalytic action. intake and it is possible to efficiently converted to a carboxylic acid, a carboxylic acid with an adsorbent such as activated carbon or zeolite of 30 times or more aldehydes Since it has the ability, it is possible to realize a deodorizing body and deodorizing device for removing a long period of time the complex odor that occurs in hospitals and nursing homes, etc. bedridden people care at the time and defecation time in.

  The second invention is particularly a metal oxide or composite oxide in which the adsorbent having the chemisorption action of the first invention has a catalytic action and contains at least one of manganese, copper, cobalt, and zinc. The deodorizing body according to claim 1, for example, a hospital that has improved the deodorizing effect by having a catalytic action of converting low-threshold methyl mercaptan contained in defecation odor into high-threshold dimethyl disulfide. In addition, it is possible to realize a deodorizing body and a deodorizing apparatus that removes a complex odor generated when nursing a bedridden person or a stool for a bedridden person in an elderly facility or the like.

  The third invention is a deodorant in which the adsorbent having a physical adsorption action of the first invention is a hydrophobic zeolite, and the non-polar odor molecule is obtained because the zeolite having a higher silica content has a smaller polarity. Can be adsorbed, and it can adsorb odor molecules without depending on the humidity of the atmosphere. A deodorizing body and a deodorizing apparatus capable of adsorbing and removing odors can be realized.

  In the fourth invention, in particular, the carrier according to the first invention is a deodorizing body for a honeycomb structure, which has high impact resistance, low airflow resistance, and large specific surface area, thereby suppressing pressure loss and converting odor. It is possible to realize a deodorizing body and a deodorizing apparatus that have high efficiency and adsorption efficiency and are resistant to impact.

In particular, the fifth invention is a deodorizer in which the catalyst of the first invention is a metal oxide having a spinel structure, and the metal oxide having a spinel structure oxidizes aldehydes to form a rock salt structure. Next, the rock salt type structure is oxidized by oxygen in the air and returns to the spinel type structure, and the catalytic action is exhibited repeatedly. Therefore, by selecting the spinel type structure, the performance of converting aldehydes to carboxylic acids is high. carboxylic acid with an adsorbent having physical adsorption Ru can achieve deodorizing body and deodorizing device capable of efficiently adsorb and remove.

In the sixth invention, in particular, the aldehyde of the first invention is acetaldehyde, and the carboxylic acid is a deodorizing body that is acetic acid. Acetaldehyde is contained in a large amount in body odor, adhesives for tobacco, building materials, and the like. It is possible to realize a deodorizing body and a deodorizing apparatus which is a harmful substance which is said to have carcinogenicity, which is converted into acetic acid having less harmfulness and can be adsorbed and removed by an adsorbent having a physical adsorption action.

7th invention makes it the deodorizing apparatus provided with the deodorizing body of any one of Claims 1-6 , and the ventilation means to ventilate to the said deodorizing body, and is a bedridden person in a hospital, elderly person facilities, etc. It is possible to realize a deodorizing apparatus that can remove complex odors such as defecation odors and body odors that are generated during nursing care and stool.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
Fig.1 (a) is an external appearance schematic diagram which shows the deodorizing body in the 1st Embodiment of this invention, (b) is an enlarged schematic diagram of the deodorizing body surface. The deodorizing body 1 is a honeycomb structure in which flat plates and corrugated plates made of organic fibers such as polyester fibers and cellulose fibers typified by polyethylene terephthalate as a carrier 3 and inorganic fibers such as silica and alumina are alternately laminated. Yes, it is possible to ventilate in the ventilation direction 2 with low ventilation resistance.

  The carrier 3 includes an adsorbent 4 having a chemical adsorption action on at least hydrogen sulfide (hereinafter referred to as a chemical adsorbent 4 in the present embodiment) and an adsorbent 5 having a physical adsorption action (hereinafter referred to in the present embodiment). A physical adsorbent 5) and a catalytic agent 6 having a catalytic action (hereinafter referred to as a catalytic agent 6 in the present embodiment) are supported on the surface.

  The chemical adsorbent 4, the physical adsorbent 5, and the catalyst agent 6 are supported by being bonded to the support 3 by an action such as an anchor effect, a physical bond, or a chemical bond.

  At this time, it is preferable to add a binder to enhance the above effect. However, if the addition amount is large, it may cause a decrease in the adsorption effect and catalytic activity. Desirably, the total content of the chemical adsorbent 4, the physical adsorbent 5, the catalyst agent 6 and the solid content of the binder is about 1: 1 to 20: 1 by weight.

  In addition, as inorganic binders, colloidal silica and aluminum phosphate from which sodium and potassium components are removed as much as possible are suitable. As organic binders, resin particles such as vinyl acetate, acrylic, ethylene, vinyl alcohol, and modified urethane are used in water. Alternatively, it is desirable to use an aqueous emulsion adhesive in which copolymer resin particles made of these resins are dispersed.

  This organic binder increases the concentration of resin particles and copolymer resin particles by evaporating water, and the surfaces of these particles start to stick to each other, and the particle surfaces melt together to form a coating. Is demonstrated.

  Thus, since it becomes a resin film, it is excellent in processability even after being supported on an organic fiber, but also has a disadvantage that catalyst performance and adsorption performance are inferior to those of an inorganic binder.

  As the chemical adsorbent 5, a composite oxide of manganese, copper, and cobalt (hereinafter referred to as composite oxide A in the present embodiment) was used.

  In this embodiment, a composite oxide of manganese, copper, and cobalt is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an oxide, hydroxide, or composite oxide containing any of manganese, copper, zinc, and cobalt is used. In the same manner, an adsorbent having a strong chemical adsorption action for hydrogen sulfide can be obtained.

  The composite oxide A is particularly excellent in removing hydrogen sulfide, and finally chemically adsorbs hydrogen sulfide in the form of sulfate or as a simple substance of sulfur, and methyl mercaptan, which has the same sulfur odor, has a higher threshold. It also has a catalytic action to convert to dimethyl sulfide.

  Because of this action, it is possible to feel the same effect as when deodorized. The composite oxide A has a diameter of about 0.01 to 10 μm, but is not limited to this size.

  However, it is preferable to reduce the size because the surface area can be increased with the same volume.

  Further, the shape of the chemical adsorbent 4 is not limited to the spherical shape as shown in the figure, and actually, the primary particles of the chemical adsorbent 4 gather to form secondary particles or even tertiary particles. It is considered that the damaged particles are supported on the carrier 3 or the physical adsorbent 5 and the catalyst agent 6.

  The role of the physical adsorbent 5 is to remove ammonia and dimethyl disulfide remaining after the removal of hydrogen sulfide contained in the defecation odor by the chemical adsorption action by the physical adsorption action.

  Thereby, the defecation odor can be generally removed. In addition, by using an adsorbent having a chemical adsorption action that has a catalytic action to convert methyl mercaptan to dimethyl disulfide, methyl mercaptan contained in the defecation odor becomes dimethyl disulfide and is adsorbed by the physical adsorbent. Defecation odor can be generally removed.

  Further, the physical adsorbent 5 can adsorb other odors in general, and in particular, body odors, odors generated from building materials, odors of disinfecting liquids used in hospitals and the like can be removed.

  As the physical adsorbent 5, a substance having a physical adsorption action such as zeolite, silica gel, sepiolite, alumina, activated carbon or the like is used, but a zeolite having a high adsorption rate of odorous substances is desirable, and the polarity is particularly high because of a large silica / alumina ratio. Small hydrophobic zeolites should be used.

  Accordingly, non-polar odor molecules can be adsorbed, and the odor molecules can be adsorbed without depending on the humidity of the atmosphere, so that a deodorant capable of adsorbing various odor molecules can be realized.

  In addition, it is desirable to use zeolite or sepiolite from which sodium and potassium components are removed as much as possible. Thereby, the conversion rate from aldehydes to carboxylic acids by the catalyst agent 6 is improved.

  The hydrophobic zeolite used in the present embodiment has a diameter of about 0.01 to 10 μm, but is not limited to this size. However, it is preferable to reduce the size because the surface area can be increased with the same volume.

  Further, the shape of the physical adsorbent 5 is not limited to the spherical shape as shown in the figure, and in fact, the primary particles of the physical adsorbent 5 gather to form secondary particles or even tertiary particles. It is considered that the damaged particles are supported on the carrier 3 or the chemical adsorbent 4 and the catalyst agent 6.

  In the present embodiment, a honeycomb structure in which flat plates and corrugated plates made of inorganic fibers are alternately laminated on the deodorizing body 1 is used. However, a mixture of the chemical adsorbent 4, the physical adsorbent 5, and the catalyst 6 is used. Alternatively, a honeycomb structure obtained by extrusion molding in a lattice shape may be used.

  As a result, the entire honeycomb structure can be made into the chemical adsorbent 4, the physical adsorbent 5, and the catalyst agent 6 without using a binder, thereby realizing a deodorizing body having a high adsorption effect and a high conversion rate to carboxylic acid. it can.

  The catalyst agent 6 is preferably an oxide containing cobalt as a main component and Co3O4 having a spinel crystal structure.

  In addition, transition metals such as Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, and Zn may be added to form a composite oxide having a spinel structure.

  This is because the spinel-type metal oxide oxidizes aldehydes into a rock-salt structure, and then the rock-salt structure is oxidized by oxygen in the air to return to the spinel-type structure. By selecting a spinel structure, it is possible to realize a deodorant having a high performance for converting aldehydes to carboxylic acids and a high conversion rate to carboxylic acids.

  The catalyst agent 6 used in the present embodiment has a diameter of about 0.01 to 10 μm, but is not limited to this size.

  However, it is preferable to reduce the size because the surface area can be increased with the same volume.

  Further, the shape of the catalyst agent 6 is not limited to the spherical shape as shown in the figure, and in fact, the primary particles of the catalyst agent 6 gather to form secondary particles, or even tertiary particles. It is considered that the particles are carried on the carrier 3 or the chemical adsorbent 4 and the physical adsorbent 5.

  The ratio of the chemical adsorbent 4, the physical adsorbent 5 and the catalyst agent 6 is not particularly limited. However, when it is desired to concentrate the defecation odor, the ratio between the chemical adsorbent 4 and the physical adsorbent 5 is increased, and the other body odor It is better to increase the ratio of the physical adsorbent 5 and the catalyst agent 6 in the place where the occurrence of the odor and the use frequency of the disinfectant solution are high.

  Further, the total supported amount of the chemical adsorbent 4, the physical adsorbent 5 and the catalyst agent 6 is desirably 0.05 to 0.5 g per 1 cc of the honeycomb body.

  The larger the loading amount, the higher the removal rate per pass, and the longer the service life. In particular, in the case of a chemical adsorbent, once it is adsorbed, desorption does not occur in a normal state, so the amount supported is proportional to the life.

  However, if the amount is too large, the amount of adsorbent or catalyst agent not appearing on the surface increases, and this does not come into contact with odors, so it does not contribute much to adsorption or catalyst. Therefore, it does not make much sense to carry an adsorbent or catalyst agent in a certain amount or more.

  In addition, if the amount is large, the cells of the honeycomb structure may be clogged during production, or the adsorbent and the catalyst may be peeled off from the honeycomb structure with a slight shock during transportation or use.

  On the other hand, if the carrying amount is small, the removal rate of one pass is reduced and the life is shortened, which is not practical as a deodorizing apparatus.

  Next, the carrying method will be described.

  The method of supporting the chemical adsorbent 4, the physical adsorbent 5, and the catalyst agent 6 on the carrier 3 includes a spraying method using a spray or the like, a dipping method, etc., but when the carrier 3 is an inorganic fiber, the chemical adsorbent 4 In addition, a dip method in which the physical adsorbent 5 and the catalyst agent 6 and, if necessary, a binder is dispersed in water or a solvent and the honeycomb structure is immersed in the slurry is preferably supported.

  In the case where the carrier 3 is an organic fiber, paper can be produced by mixing the chemical adsorbent 4, the physical adsorbent 5, and the catalyst agent 6 in addition to the organic fiber during the paper making process, and these can be supported. .

In the case of the dip method, a powdered chemical adsorbent 4, a physical adsorbent 5 and a catalyst agent 6 are dispersed to produce a slurry, but the average diameter of the chemical adsorbent 4, the physical adsorbent 5 and the catalyst agent 6 is smaller. The average primary particle diameter is preferably about 1 μm or less.

  Furthermore, it is desirable to disperse in water or a solvent so that aggregation does not occur as much as possible, and a dispersant may be added as necessary.

  In this way, it is possible to realize a deodorizing body that can remove a complex odor generated for a long period of time, such as when nursing a bedridden person or a stool in a hospital or an elderly facility.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a deodorizing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The deodorizing apparatus includes a housing 11, a deodorizing body 14, and a blowing means 13, and the housing 11 is provided with an intake port 12 and an exhaust port 15.

  As the deodorizing body 14, the deodorizing body used in Embodiment 1 was used. That is, the composite oxide A as the chemical adsorbent 4, the hydrophobic zeolite as the physical adsorbent 5, and the Co3O4 having a spinel crystal structure as the catalyst 6 in a ratio of 2: 2: 1, respectively, at a supported amount of 0.15 g / cc. Was carried out.

  The loading is carried out by the dip method, and the acid-stabilized colloidal silica is used as the binder. The total weight ratio of the chemical adsorbent 4, the physical adsorbent 5 and the catalyst agent 6 to the binder is 10: 1. went.

  The carrier used was a honeycomb structure of silica and alumina fibers and the number of cells was 205 cells / inch2.

  As the air blowing means 3, a sirocco fan, a turbo fan, a propeller fan, a cross flow fan, a cross-flow fan or the like is used as a general air blowing means, and is not particularly limited.

  When the honeycomb structure having the number of cells according to the present invention is used, it is desirable to use a quieter cross-flow fan because of low ventilation resistance.

In the normal case where there is no defecation odor, it is desirable to operate the deodorizer at about 5 m ³ / min. At this time, a noise level of 40 dB or less, which is said to be the quietness of the library, is desirable. In addition, if an odor is generated by attaching an odor sensor and interlocking with a fan, the flow rate can be automatically increased.

  Next, an operation method will be described. When a defecation odor occurs in the room, the deodorization device sucks air containing the defecation odor through the air inlet 12 through the air blowing means 13, deodorizes through the deodorizer 14, and the deodorized air returns to the room through the air outlet 15. It is. At this time, hydrogen sulfide contained in the defecation odor is adsorbed and removed by the chemical adsorbent 4, and methyl mercaptan is converted to dimethyl disulfide having a higher threshold by the chemical adsorbent 4 and adsorbed and removed by the physical adsorbent 5.

  Further, odors contained in other defecation odors are also adsorbed and removed by the physical adsorbent 5. On the other hand, even when no defecation odor is generated, when operating constantly, odors such as those from the human body, building materials, or disinfectant that are very dilute but are adsorbed by the physical adsorbent 5 are accumulated. It will be done.

Among them, aldehydes generated from body odors, building materials, and alcohols in disinfectants, especially acetaldehyde, have a small adsorption capacity with physical adsorbents, so the deodorant has a long life against defecation odors but a short life against aldehydes. The stool odor can be removed, but the acetaldehyde odor cannot be removed. In particular, the aldehydes adsorbed on the deodorizing body are desorbed, and the odor of the aldehydes is felt from the deodorizing apparatus.

  Therefore, the aldehydes are converted to carboxylic acid by the catalyst agent 6 and adsorbed and removed by the physical adsorbent 5. Carboxylic acid is usually easily adsorbed by a physical adsorbent, and acetic acid, which is a carboxylic acid converted from acetaldehyde, is well adsorbed by a physical adsorbent such as activated carbon or zeolite, and can secure an adsorption capacity 30 times or more that of acetaldehyde.

  That is, a deodorizing body and a deodorizing device having a life of 30 times or more that of acetaldehyde can be realized.

  As described above, it is possible to realize a deodorizing apparatus that can remove complex odors such as defecation odor and body odor that are generated when a bedridden person is nursing or using a stool in a hospital or an elderly facility.

  As described above, the deodorizing body and deodorizing apparatus according to the present invention can remove complex odors such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, dimethyl disulfide, etc., and are generated at sewage treatment plants, human waste treatment plants, pig farms, poultry farms, etc. It can also be used for applications such as deodorizing bodies that remove sulfur-based odors such as hydrogen sulfide, deodorizing bodies that remove odors from pets that generate a large amount of aldehydes, and devices equipped with such deodorizing bodies.

(A) Schematic external view showing the deodorizing body in the first embodiment of the present invention (b) Enlarged schematic view of the surface of the deodorizing body in the first embodiment of the present invention Sectional schematic diagram which shows the deodorizing apparatus in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Deodorizing body 2 Air flow direction 3 Support | carrier 4 Adsorbent which has chemical adsorption action 5 Adsorbent which has physical adsorption action 6 Catalytic agent which has catalytic action 11 Housing | casing 12 Intake port 13 Blowing means 14 Deodorizing body 15 Exhaust port

Claims (6)

It is composed of an adsorbent having a chemical adsorption action on at least hydrogen sulfide, an adsorbent having a physical adsorption action, a catalytic agent containing cobalt and having a catalytic action, and a carrier carrying the adsorbent and the catalytic agent. In the deodorizing body, the adsorbent having the chemical adsorption action has a catalytic action and is a complex oxide containing at least two of manganese, copper and cobalt, and the catalyst having the physical adsorption action is a sodium component. Alternatively, a deodorizing body, wherein the potassium component is less than 1 wt%, and the carboxylic acid converted from aldehydes is adsorbed and removed by the catalyst agent. The deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein the adsorbent having a physical adsorption action is a hydrophobic zeolite. The deodorizing body according to claim 1, wherein the carrier is a honeycomb structure. The deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst agent is a metal oxide having a spinel structure. The deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein the aldehyde is acetaldehyde and the carboxylic acid is acetic acid. A deodorizing apparatus comprising: the deodorizing body according to any one of claims 1 to 5 ; and a blowing unit that blows air to the deodorizing body.