JP4889020B2 - Structural unit frame structure and frame member unit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a unit-type frame structure and a frame member unit of a structure, and more particularly to a unit-type frame structure of a structure using a solid truss and a frame member unit used therefor.

  Conventionally, as a structural form of a building structure, a frame structure using a three-dimensional truss having a polyhedral structure such as a triangular pyramid or a quadrangular pyramid as a basic unit is known. For example, in Patent Document 1, as an example of a typical dome structure having a large space, a spherical surface is approximated by a regular icosahedron, and each surface of the regular icosahedron is configured by a combination of a plurality of small equilateral triangle units. A geodesic dome structure is disclosed. Since the geodesic dome structure can equalize the load of each constituent member without requiring a strong support or the like, a structure having a large internal space can be efficiently constructed on a limited floor area. Patent Document 2 discloses an octet truss structure that constitutes a roof, a side wall, and the like of a structure by a unit of a solid truss in which a single-shaped member is combined with a regular tetrahedron or a regular octahedron. Since the octet truss structure is composed of only a single-shaped member, the management of the member and the construction procedure can be simplified, and the construction work can be made more efficient by unitizing the member.

US Pat. No. 2,682,235 U.S. Pat. No. 2,986,241 US 3063521 U.S. Pat. No. 2,343,764

  However, although the conventional three-dimensional truss structure can simplify the types of components to some extent, it often requires a plurality of types of components in consideration of safety, functionality, and design. Even in the case of a geodesic dome structure in which the simplification of the constituent members is advanced, a plurality of types of main constituent members and a plurality of types of sub constituent members are required. Various types of components make the manufacture and management of the members complicated, and the construction procedure becomes complicated, which hinders improvement of construction efficiency by automation and labor saving.

  On the other hand, since the octet truss structure described above is composed of a single-shaped member, it can be expected to automate construction and save labor. However, a structure having a regular tetrahedron unit or a regular octahedron unit as a basic unit has a problem in that it is difficult to create a rectangular blank in the unit. For this reason, the conventional octet truss structure is mainly limited to planar structures (thick plates) such as roofs and side walls of structures, and uses the internal space of the truss structure like a geodesic dome structure. It is not used like this. If a three-dimensional truss that can secure a wide internal space using a single-shaped member can be constructed, it can be used not only for a planar structure such as a roof or a side wall but also for a frame structure of a structure that uses the internal space.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a unit type frame structure of a structure using a solid truss that can secure a wide space inside using a single-shaped member.

  Referring to the embodiment of FIG. 1, the unit frame structure of a structure according to the present invention has four triangular trusses 2 in which three frame members A having the same length are joined in an annular shape (FIG. 1A). 4), each base 3 is connected to a quadrangle 7 to form a quadrangular pyramid deployable truss 4 (see FIG. 4B), and corresponding four triangular vertices 5a of the quadrangular pyramid deployable truss 4, 4 pair. , 5b, 5c, and 5d are combined to form a unit U of the vector balanced truss 1 having the bottom surface and the top surface of the quadrangle 7 and the triangular pair 6 on the four side surfaces (see (C) and (D) in the figure). The two units U are made to face each other on either side, and the corresponding four nodes (8a and 8d, 8b and 8c) of the bottom side 3 and the top side 3 are the same length as the frame member A, respectively. The connecting node B is connected and joined by the connecting member B, and the opposing node 9 of the triangle pair 6 on the opposite side face is joined. They are joined to each other and connected in the lateral direction (see FIGS. (D) and (E)).

  Preferably, as shown in FIG. 2, a unit V with a connecting member is obtained by pin-connecting one end of a connecting member B to each of the nodes 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d on the bottom surface and the top surface of the unit U of the vector balanced truss 1. (See FIGS. 2 (B) and 2 (C)), and the plurality of units V are connected by connecting members B of four nodes 8a, 8b, 8c, and 8d on either one of the opposing side surfaces and the top side (FIG. 2). 2 (C) and FIG. 5).

  More preferably, as shown in FIG. 3, two skeleton members A are pin-connected to each side of the bottom surface and the top surface of the unit U of the vector balanced truss 1 to form triangular vertices 5e, 5f for lamination. , 5g, and 5h are provided as a unit W (see FIGS. 3C and 3D), and the connecting structure T in the side direction by the connecting member B of the plurality of units W is connected to the bottom and lower layers of the upper units W. Laminate so that the top surface of each unit W overlaps, and the corresponding triangles 5e, 5f, 5g, and 5h for lamination on the bottom surface and top surface of the unit W are matched to form a triangle pair 6. In the vertical direction, the paired nodes 9 of the triangular pair 6 that face each other via the connecting member B (in the illustrated example, the joined nodes 9 of the nodes 5f and 5f and the joined nodes 9 of the nodes 5h and 5h) are joined together. (Refer to FIG. 3D and FIG. 9). Thus, when connecting in the up-down direction, it is desirable that the frame member of the upper unit W be lighter than the frame member of the lower unit W.

  Moreover, the frame member unit of the structure according to the present invention is a unit for constructing a frame structure combining vector balance body trusses, and has the same length as shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B). Each base 3 of four triangular trusses 2 (refer to FIG. 1A) in which three frame members A are joined in an annular shape are pin-joined to a square 7 and each node 8a, 8b, 8c of the square 7 is joined. One end of a connecting member B having the same length as that of the frame member A is pin-bonded to 8d. Preferably, as shown in FIGS. 3 (A) and 3 (B), two additional triangular members (5a, 5e) are connected to each side 3 of the quadrangle 7 by pinning two additional frame members A into a triangle. (5b, 5f), (5c, 5g), (5d, 5h) are provided. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4 (A), two additional frame members A are connected to two opposite sides of the quadrangle 7 in a triangular shape, and two triangular vertices (5a, 5e), (5c, 5g ), And two skeleton members A are connected to the connecting members B of the diagonal two nodes 8b and 8d of the quadrangle 7 in a triangular shape to provide triangular vertices 5f and 5h.

  The unit-type frame structure of the structure according to the present invention is such that two units U of a plurality of vector balanced body trusses 1 composed of a frame member A having the same length are opposed to each other on either side, and the bottom of the opposite side 4 nodes corresponding to the top side (8a and 8d, 8b and 8c) are joined by connecting members B having the same length as that of the frame member A and joined to each other, and a paired node 9 of the triangle pair 6 on the opposite side surface is joined. Are joined to each other in the lateral direction, so that the following remarkable effects can be obtained.

(A) Since a quadrangular pyramid truss is formed between the side surfaces of the vector balance body type truss 1 to be connected, the unit U of the vector balance body type truss 1 which is unstable in a single unit can be assembled as a stable truss structure.
(B) Since the vector balanced body truss 1 having a shape obtained by cutting off each vertex of a cube (regular hexahedron) is used as the basic unit U, a relatively large cubic internal space can be secured inside each truss structure.
(C) The frame member A is pinned to each side of the bottom and top surfaces of each unit U to provide triangular vertices 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h for stacking, so that not only in the lateral direction but also in the vertical direction Units U can be stacked to assemble a multi-layered stable truss structure.
(D) Since the shape-variable stable truss structure can be constructed by simply connecting the units U, it is possible to easily cope with the requirement for specification change and space change after construction.

(E) It can be applied to various unit space structures from a small assembly type structure such as a shelter to a large scale structure such as a building according to the number of unit spaces required.
(F) Since the structure frame can be constructed using only the frame members A and B having the same length, it is easy to manufacture and manage the members, and it is only necessary to connect the units U having the same shape in the same pattern even during assembly. Therefore, construction efficiency and cost can be reduced.
(G) It is easy to handle assembly work using assembly machines, etc., and a system for automatically assembling structures by incorporating robot technology etc. into the unit U and adding autonomous movement and coupling functions Applications can also be expected.
(H) By assembling the unit U together with the partition material units such as the walls, floors, and ceiling of the internal space, it is possible to further improve the efficiency of construction, especially for large-scale structures that require rapid construction. Application can be expected.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of a frame structure of the present invention in which a vector balanced body truss 1 composed of frame members A having the same length is used as a basic unit U. In general, a cubic framework structure surrounded by a square surface requires a brace material or the like in order to obtain a stable truss structure, and therefore it is difficult to align the lengths of all the framework members A. Moreover, although the minimum structure of the plane truss by the frame member A of the same length is an equilateral triangle, it is desirable to have a quadrangular floor in consideration of utilization of the internal space of the truss. Vector equilibria with the shape of the cube (regular hexahedron) cut off to the midpoint of the side are all composed of sides of the same length and can secure a square space inside. Suitable as a structural unit to be used.

  1A to 1C show a method of assembling the vector equilibrium truss 1. First, as shown in FIG. 4A, each base 3 of the four triangular trusses 2 in which the three frame members A having the same length are joined in an annular shape is pin-joined to the quadrangle 7, thereby The quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss 4 having four triangular vertices 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d as shown in FIG. Each of the nodes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d and the triangular nodes 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d of the quadrangle 7 of the quadrangular pyramid truss 4 is a rotatable joint member or an appropriate coupling member (such as a joint or a gusset plate). Basically, pin joining is used. Next, as shown in FIG. 4C, the corresponding four triangular vertices 5a, 5b, 5c, and 5d of the pair of quadrangular pyramid-shaped trusses 4 and 4 are respectively paired by pin joints. As shown in FIG.

  The vector balanced body truss 1 in the illustrated example is a three-dimensional truss surrounded by six quadrangles 7 including a bottom surface and a top surface, and four side surfaces (wall surfaces) of a pair of triangles 6 mated at a mating node 9. As such, it is an unstable structure that loses its shape when an external force is applied. For example, when a load in the vertical direction is applied, the shape of the vector balanced body truss 1 in the illustrated example is deformed as shown in FIGS. FIG. 4A shows a state in which the paired nodal points 9 on the four side surfaces of the vector balanced body truss 1 are gathered at one point and the quadrangular pyramid trusses are joined at the apex (a pair of quadrangular pyramids). At this time, the intersection angle θ between the floor surface and the wall surface is about 54.7356 degrees (cos θ = 1 / √3), and a rectangular parallelepiped space cannot be formed inside (between the bottom surface and the top surface). However, when the vector balanced truss 1 in this state is subjected to a tensile force in the vertical direction, the paired joints 9 on the four side surfaces are separated from each other, and a rectangular parallelepiped space with the length of the opposing paired joint 9 as one side is a truss. (See FIG. 5B). FIG. 5H shows a change in volume of a rectangular parallelepiped space that can be accommodated in the truss as the vector balanced body truss 1 is deformed.

  When the vector balanced body truss 1 in the state of FIG. 7B receives a tensile force in the vertical direction, the intersection angle θ between the floor surface and the wall surface gradually increases and the volume of the internal rectangular parallelepiped space also gradually increases. As shown in FIG. 7C, the height of the rectangular parallelepiped (the distance between the bottom surface and the top surface) becomes maximum when the intersection angle θ = 90 degrees. Next, when the crossing angle θ spreads outward under the compression force, the height decreases and the volume of the internal rectangular parallelepiped decreases (see FIG. 11H), but the opposing length of the mating node 9 is the bottom surface and top surface. When the rectangular length of the quadrangle 7 becomes larger than the diagonal length, a rectangular parallelepiped space with the opposite length of the mating node 9 as a diagonal line can be accommodated inside the truss (intersection angle θ≈104 degrees), and the volume of the internal rectangular parallelepiped Will grow again. As shown in FIG. 5E, when the crossing angle θ = 180−54.7356≈125 degrees (cos θ = −1 / √3), a so-called vector balanced body is formed, and the internal rectangular parallelepiped is a cube. The volume of the internal rectangular parallelepiped becomes maximum near the intersection angle θ≈137 degrees (see FIG. 5F), and then gradually decreases as the intersection angle θ further increases. FIG. 5G shows a state in which the crossing angle θ = 180 degrees is finally reached, the bottom surface and the wall surface overlap, and the volume of the internal rectangular parallelepiped becomes zero.

  The vector balanced body truss 1 in the form of FIG. 7 (E) has the same height as the vector balanced body truss 1 in the form of FIG. 7 (A), and the intersection angle θ between the floor surface and the wall surface is a complementary angle. FIG. 4A shows a shape of a quadrangular pyramid truss that can resist an external force from an arbitrary direction. When combined with such a quadrangular pyramid truss, the shape of the vector equilibrium truss 1 shown in FIG. it can. That is, the unit U of the pair of vector balanced body trusses 1 assembled as shown in FIG. 1C is made to face on the side of any triangle pair 6 as shown in FIG. The same length as that of the frame member A between the nodes 8a and 8b on the base 3 and the nodes 8a and 8b on the top 3 and the corresponding nodes 8d and 8c on the other side and the nodes 8d and 8c on the top 3 The connecting member B is bridged and the corresponding four nodes (8a, 8d) and (8b, 8c) are joined to each other, and the paired nodes 9 of the triangle pair 6 on both opposite side faces are joined to each other and connected. To do. If the side surfaces of the pair of units U are connected by the connecting member B in this way, a cubic space as shown in FIG. 7 (E) is formed inside each unit U (see also FIG. 9 (A)). The pair of units U can be combined with a pair of square pyramid trusses 20 as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (E), not only one surface of each unit U but also at least three or more surfaces are opposed to other units U, and corresponding four nodes (8a and 8d, 8b and 8c) of the opposed surfaces. Are connected to each other by a connecting member B, and paired joints 9 on opposite faces are joined to each other to form a pair 20 of quadrangular pyramid trusses. T can be used. In the three-dimensional truss structure T in FIG. 5E, only the units 1B and 1C are connected to the other units (1A, 1E, 1C) and (1B, 1F, 1D) on the three sides, and the other units 1A, 1D, 1E and 1F are connected to other units only on the two side surfaces, but as will be described later, by stacking the units U in the vertical direction to form a multi-layered truss structure T, the other units 1A, 1D, 1E and 1F can also have a stable three-dimensional truss structure T. The connecting member B can be the same member as the skeleton member A, and even when the vector balanced body truss 1 is connected as shown in FIG.

  Preferably, as shown in FIG. 2C, the unit U of each vector balanced body truss 1 is pin-joined at one end of the connecting member B to each of the nodes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d on the bottom and top surfaces. It is set as the unit V with a connection member. As shown in FIG. 1A, such a unit V with a connecting member is connected to each node 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d of the quadrangle 7 of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss 4 (see FIG. 1B). One end of B is pin-joined to form a quadrangular pyramid deployment truss 11 with a connecting member, and as shown in FIG. The triangular vertices 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d can be assembled by pairing them with pin joints. In the illustrated example, the connecting member B of one quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss 11 is paired so as to be perpendicular to the connecting member B of the other quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss 11, but each of the nodes 8a, 8b, The connecting member B that is pin-joined to 8c and 8d can be rotatable around the nodes 8a, 8b, 8c, and 8d.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (C), a plurality of units V with connecting members are adjacent to each other so that the bottom surface and the top surface of each unit V have a checkered pattern, and either side surface of another unit V is attached. The node 8a, 8b of the base 3 on one side facing the side and the node 8d, 8c of the corresponding base 3 on the other side are connected to the connecting member B (or the other side) of the nodes 8a, 8b on one side The joints B) of the side nodes 8d and 8c are joined to each other, and the nodes 8a and 8b of the top side 3 on one side and the corresponding nodes 8d and 8c of the corresponding side 3 on the other side are connected to the other side. By joining the joint members B of the nodes 8d and 8c (or the joint members B of the nodes 8a and 8b on one side) and joining the joint nodes 9 on the opposite sides to each other, the three-dimensional structure is stabilized. Assemble the truss structure T. The direction of the connecting member B may be inclined by 90 degrees between the side surfaces or may be the same direction. When the four units V are connected to each other by the connecting member B in this way, a new vector balanced body truss 1 is formed together with the pair of quadrangular pyramids 20 in the inner portion surrounded by the four units V as shown in FIG. The That is, as shown in FIG. 5, a three-dimensional truss structure T in which a plurality of units U of a vector-balanced truss 1 that is unstable in a single unit and a pair 20 of quadrangular pyramid trusses are arranged in a checkered pattern can be obtained.

  More preferably, as shown in FIG. 3D, the unit U of each vector balanced body truss 1 is laminated by pinning two additional frame members A to each side of the bottom and top surfaces thereof in a triangular shape. A stacking unit W provided with triangular vertices 5e, 5f, 5g, and 5h is used. As shown in FIG. 1A, such a stacking unit W has two triangular members A in a triangular shape on each side of the quadrangle 7 of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss 4 (see FIG. 1B). Joined to form an octahedral truss 16 with two triangular vertices (5a, 5e), (5b, 5f), (5c, 5g), (5d, 5h), and a pair of octahedral expansions As shown in Fig. 5 (C), the truss 16 has one triangular vertex 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d (or 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h) on one side and the other side. It can be assembled by pairing each of the triangular vertices 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d (or 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h) with pin joints. In this case as well, an octahedral-expanded truss with a connecting member in which one end of the connecting member B is connected to each node 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d of the quadrangle 7 of the octahedral-expanded truss 16 as shown in FIG. By using 17, it can be set as the unit W for lamination | stacking with a connection member.

  As described above, a plurality of stacking units W are connected to each other in the lateral direction by the connecting member B to form a connecting structure T, and as shown in FIG. Are stacked such that the bottom surface of each unit and the top surface of each lower unit W overlap. Then, the remaining one triangular vertex 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h (or 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) on each side of the bottom surface of the upper unit W and the remaining one triangular vertex 5e on the top surface of the lower unit W , 5f, 5g, 5h (or 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) are respectively paired to form four triangle pairs 6, of which the pairing node 9 of the opposing triangle pair 6 via the connecting member B is formed. (In the illustrated example, the joint nodes 9 of the nodes 5f and 5f and the joint nodes 9 of the nodes 5h and 5h) are joined together and joined together to join a plurality of connecting structures T in the vertical direction to form a multi-dimensional solid truss structure Assemble T.

  As can be seen from FIG. 3D, when the two-layer connection structure T using the stacking unit W is connected in the vertical direction, a new connection structure T of the vector balanced truss 1 is formed between the connection structures T. The three-dimensional truss structure T is formed. In such a multi-layer truss structure T, the internal space of each unit W is cubic and homogeneous in three directions and can be physically expanded in any direction, so that a large-scale space structure can be constructed. It can be applied to structures in the ground or on the water. In addition, at each member joint portion of the three-dimensional truss structure T, four, six, and eight frame members A or connecting members B are coupled, but since all are coupled at the same angle, for example, FIG. One kind of the joining member J for joining as shown can be applied to all member joining portions. As a result, the framework structure of the large-scale structure can be assembled using only the members A and B having the same length and the joining member having the same shape.

  FIG. 8B shows an example of a joining member (pin joint) J used for assembling the multilayer three-dimensional truss structure T shown in FIG. The pin joint J in the illustrated example has two flat cross-shaped brackets (see FIG. 1A) each having two pin holes on the X axis and two pin holes on the Y axis. Each center point is overlapped, and the cross-shaped surfaces are coupled so as to intersect at right angles with a 45-degree axis (Y = X axis). Up to eight frame members A or connecting members B can be pin-joined by the pin joint J in the illustrated example. For example, as shown in FIG. 3D, the stacking unit W is straight in the vertical direction (vertical direction). In case of stacking, 8 or 6 or 4 members A or B are pin-joined using all 8 pin holes of this pin joint J, or 6 or 4 appropriate. Thus, it is possible to construct a multilayer three-dimensional truss structure T with one type of joint J.

  FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention for assembling a multi-dimensional space truss structure T. FIG. As shown in FIG. 2A, this multi-layered solid truss structure T has two frames on two opposite sides of the quadrangle 7 of the quadrangular pyramid deployment truss 11 with a connecting member (see FIG. 2A). The member A is pinned to a triangle to provide two triangular vertices (5d, 5e) and (5c, 5g), and two frames are attached to the connecting member B of the diagonal two nodes 8b and 8d of the quadrangle 7. The laminated quadrangular pyramid truss 19 with a connecting member provided with triangular apexes 5f and 5h by pin joining the member A to a triangle is assembled as a unit.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (A), a laminated quadrangular pyramid deployment truss 19 with a connecting member has a triangular apex 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d on each side of the octahedral deployment truss 17 with a connecting member described above (see FIG. 4A). As shown in FIG. 5, by pairing with any one of the triangular vertices 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d (or 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h) on each side of 3) (see (C)) It is possible to assemble a connecting structure T in which a simple vector equilibrium truss 1 and a pair of quadrangular pyramid trusses 20 are connected in a checkered pattern in the lateral direction. However, on the top surface of the connection structure T, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 4B, a pair of triangular vertices 5e and 5g on two opposite sides of the quadrangular pyramid deployment truss 19 and two frame members A pair of triangular vertices 5f and 5h of A are arranged in a checkered pattern. That is, the side-side connection structure T is considered to be a structure in which triangular vertices 5e, 5f, 5g, and 5h are arranged on each side of the top surface of the quadrangular pyramid truss formed between the vector balanced truss 1 respectively. Can do.

  The multilayer three-dimensional truss structure T of FIG. 4 is formed by a connecting member between the top surfaces of the quadrangular pyramid truss of the connecting structure T described above (that is, the top surface of the vector balanced truss 1 as shown in FIG. 4B). The quadrangle 7 of the quadrangular pyramid deployment truss 19 with a connecting member in FIG. 3A is stacked on the top surface of the quadrangular pyramid of the connecting structure T. Triangular vertices 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h and corresponding triangular vertices 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d on each side of the corresponding quadrangular pyramid deployment truss 19 are paired to form a triangle pair 6 and the quadrangular pyramid expansion Paired joint node 9 of triangular pair 6 facing each other through connecting member B of truss 19 (in the illustrated example, joint node 9 of nodes 5e and 5a, joint node 9 of nodes 5g and 5c, and joint node 9 of nodes 5f and 5b) 9 and the joint nodes 9) of the nodes 5h and 5d are joined to each other and connected in the vertical direction. As can be seen from the figure, when the stacking quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss 19 with a connecting member is connected in the vertical direction, the vector balanced body truss 1 of the lower connecting structure T and the upper-layer quadrangular pyramidal truss 19 are connected. Instead of stacking the formed vector equilibrium truss 1 straight in the vertical direction, a multilayer three-dimensional truss structure T is built that is stacked in an oblique direction (see FIG. 3C).

  In FIG. 4C, the octahedral-expandable truss 17 with a connecting member in FIG. 3C is the lowermost layer, and three layers of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss 19 with a connecting member in FIG. An example of a multilayer three-dimensional truss structure T stacked and connected in the vertical direction is shown. Since such a multilayer truss structure T is homogeneous in three directions and can be physically expanded in any direction, it is suitable for construction of a large-scale space structure, and the multilayer truss shown in FIG. By appropriately combining with the structure T, spatial structures having various structures can be constructed. In addition, although each member joint part of the three-dimensional truss structure T of FIG.4 (C) will connect the maximum 12 frame members A or the connection member B, since all are also couple | bonded at the same angle, One type of joining member J for joining 12 pieces as shown in FIG. 8C can be applied to all member joining portions.

  The pin joint J of FIG. 8C is a joint J of FIG. 8B in which two cross-shaped brackets (see FIG. 8A) are joined, and a third cross-shaped bracket of them. The center points overlap with each other, and the intersection axis of the joint J and the cross-shaped surface of the third bracket shown in FIG. Up to twelve frame members A or connecting members B can be pin-joined by the pin joint J of the illustrated example. For example, when assembling the multi-layer truss structure T of FIG. 4 (C) or FIG. 3 (D) When the multi-layer truss structure T is appropriately combined, all of twelve of the pin holes of the pin joint J or an appropriate number are used to pin-join the members A or B. A multilayer multi-layer truss structure T can be constructed.

  FIG. 9 is constructed using the units U, V, and W of the vector balanced body truss 1 described above or the unit of the quadrangular pyramid deployment truss 19 with connecting members (hereinafter, these may be collectively referred to as the unit U). An example of the frame structure of the structure is shown. As shown in FIG. 2A, the cubic space inside each unit U can be a living space or a work space by arranging partitioning material units 30 such as walls, floors, and ceilings. In FIG. 6C, the three-dimensional truss structure T assembled by combining a plurality of units in the lateral direction and the vertical direction as described above is a framework structure of a large-scale multi-layer structure having 9 floors above ground and 4 floors below ground. An example is shown. The partition material unit 30 can be assembled together with the unit U after being incorporated in each unit U. For example, the passages and utilities in the structure can be installed in different end portions or continuous units shown in FIG. In addition, when constructing a large-scale structure as shown in the figure, there is a possibility that a difference in load occurs between the upper layer and the lower layer of the structure. It is desirable to reduce the weight by changing the wall thickness and the like with the same external dimensions as the frame member A of the unit U.

  In FIG. 9B, a solid truss structure T connecting a plurality of units U constitutes only one layer of a roof part and a four-sided side wall part, and an atrium or the like is formed inside the structure surrounded by the roof part and the side wall part. The frame structure of the structure which formed the large space S which can be utilized is shown. As described above, the frame structure of the present invention can be used as a three-dimensional truss T having a planar structure for a structure having a large space S, similarly to the conventional geodesic dome structure, octet truss structure, and the like. However, even in that case, a relatively wide space of each unit U inside the planar structure can be used effectively.

  In this manner, the “unit-type frame structure of a structure using a solid truss that can secure a wide space using a single-shaped member”, which is an object of the present invention, can be achieved.

  The unit U (see FIG. 1D), the unit V (see FIG. 2C), or the unit W (see FIG. 3D) of the vector balanced truss 1 used in the frame structure of the present invention is the same. Although it is possible to assemble the structure at the construction site using the length members A and B, in order to improve the efficiency and speed of the construction work, all or a part of it will be assembled at the factory. It is desirable to carry in. In this case, the units U, V, and W assembled at the factory can be folded to some extent as shown in FIG. Further, in order to facilitate transport and increase the efficiency of construction, a quadrangular pyramid deployment truss 11 with a connecting member as shown in FIG. 2 (B) and an octahedron with a connecting member as shown in FIG. 3 (C). The deployable truss 17 or the stacked quadrangular pyramid deployable truss 19 with connecting members as shown in FIG. 4A is assembled at the factory to form a member unit, and between the deployable truss 11, 17, 19 pair in the field It is also effective to incorporate a partition material unit 30 such as a wall, floor, or ceiling as shown in FIG.

  The frame structure of the structure using the units U, V, and W of the vector balanced body truss 1 has been described above. However, instead of such units U, V, and W, 2 as shown in FIG. It is also possible to assemble a frame structure (three-dimensional truss structure T as shown in FIG. 9) using an octahedral truss 26 having a single quadrangular pyramid apex 27 as a unit X. Such an octahedral truss 26 has two triangular vertices 5a and 5c (or 5b and 5d) facing each other on one side of the quadrangle 7 as shown in FIG. In addition to joining, the other two triangular vertices 5b, 5d (or 5a, 5c) can be joined on the opposite surface side of the quadrangle 7.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 6D, a plurality of units X of the octahedral truss 26 are opposed to each other so that the quadrangular pyramid bottom surface 7 of each unit X has a checkered pattern. The corner nodes 8a and 8c (or 8b and 8d) are joined and connected. Next, the connecting structure of the plurality of units X is laminated so that the quadrangular pyramid bottom surface 7 of each upper unit X overlaps with the quadrangular pyramid bottom surface 7 of each lower unit X. The three-dimensional truss structure T connected in the vertical direction is assembled by joining the quadrangular pyramid vertices 27 of the lower units X and connecting them in the vertical direction. Such a three-dimensional truss structure T is formed by previously joining a plurality of octahedral trusses 26 in a bead shape at each quadrangular pyramid vertex 27 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4D, the four bead-shaped joints 25 are opposed to each other so that the quadrangular pyramid bottom surface 7 has a checkered pattern, and the octagonal truss bottom surfaces of the octahedral truss 26 of each facing bead-shaped joint 25 7 diagonal nodes 8a and 8c (or 8b and 8d) may be joined to each other.

  When the four units X of the octahedral truss 26 are connected so that each quadrangular pyramid base 7 has a checkered pattern as shown in FIG. 6D, the inner side surrounded by the four units X as shown in FIG. 6E. A vector equilibrium truss 1 is formed in the portion. Accordingly, by connecting a plurality of units X of the octahedral truss 26 in a checkered pattern as shown in FIG. 5E, the vector equilibrium truss 1 and the octahedral truss 1 are connected in the same manner as in FIG. 26 (a pair of quadrangular pyramid trusses 20) can be a stable three-dimensional truss structure T arranged in a checkered pattern. Further, by stacking the connecting structures of the octahedral trusses 26 connected in a checkered pattern in the vertical direction, a framework structure of a multilayer structure as shown in FIG. 9 can be constructed.

It is an assembly drawing of the Example of the frame structure of this invention which used the vector balance body type truss as the unit U. It is an assembly drawing of the Example of the frame structure of this invention using the unit V with a connection member. It is an assembly drawing of the Example of the frame structure of this invention using the unit W for lamination | stacking. It is an assembly drawing of the other Example of the frame structure of this invention using the unit W for lamination | stacking. It is explanatory drawing of the frame structure of the solid truss formed by the connection of the unit U, V, or W. FIG. It is an assembly drawing of the Example of the frame structure of this invention using the unit X of the octahedral truss joined to the bead shape. It is explanatory drawing of a vector equilibrium body form truss. It is explanatory drawing of the Example of the joining member (joint) used for the frame structure of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of an example of the structure constructed | assembled using the frame structure of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vector balance body type truss 2 ... Triangle truss 3 ... Triangular base (or each side of a square) 4 ... Quadrangular pyramid deployment truss
5a, 5b, 5c, 5d ... triangle vertices (of triangle truss)
5e, 5f, 5g. 5h ... Triangular vertex 6 ... Triangle pair 7 ... Square 8 ... Nodes (on each side of the square) 9 ... Pairs of triangles (of the triangle pair)
10 ... Vector balanced truss with connecting members
11… Rectangular pyramid truss
16 ... octahedron truss
17 ... Octahedron expansion truss with connecting member
18 ... Vector balanced truss with laminated connecting members
19 ... Laminating quadrangular pyramid truss with connecting members
20 ... Pair pyramid pair
25… The beaded joint of octahedral truss
26 ... octahedral truss (diamond truss)
27… A quadrangular pyramid apex (of octahedral truss)
30 ... Partition material unit A ... Frame member B ... Connecting member E ... Ground surface J ... Joint member (joint)
T ... Stable truss structure U ... Unit unit V ... Unit with connecting member W ... Laminating unit X ... Octahedron truss unit

Claims (8)

Four triangular trusses in which three frame members of the same length are annularly joined are pin-joined to a square to form a quadrangular pyramid deployable truss, and corresponding four triangles of the pair of the deployable truss Each of the vertices is paired to form a vector balanced truss unit having a quadrangular bottom and top surface and four side-face triangle pairs. 4 nodes corresponding to the base and the top are respectively connected by connecting with a connecting member having the same length as that of the frame member, and the opposing nodes of a pair of triangles facing each other are connected to each other and connected in the lateral direction. The unit type frame structure of the structure. 2. The frame structure according to claim 1, wherein one end of the connecting member is pin-joined to each node of the bottom surface and the top surface of the unit to form a unit with a connecting member, and the plurality of units are bases of any one of the opposing side surfaces. And the unit type frame structure of the structure connected by the connection member of 4 nodes of a top side. The framework structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein two units of the framework member are connected to each side of the bottom surface and the top surface of the unit in a triangular manner to provide a triangular apex for lamination, and the plurality of units. The connecting structure in the side direction by the connecting member is laminated so that the bottom surface of each unit of the upper layer and the top surface of each unit of the lower layer overlap each other, and the corresponding four triangular vertices for lamination on the bottom surface of the unit and the top surface are respectively paired. A unit-type frame structure of a structure formed by joining a pair of triangular nodes facing each other via the connecting member and connecting them vertically in the vertical direction. 4. The frame structure according to claim 3, wherein the frame member of the upper unit is lighter than the frame member of the lower unit. 5. The frame structure according to claim 1, wherein two opposing triangular vertices of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss are joined on one side of a square and the other two in place of the unit of the vector balanced truss. The triangular vertices of the square are joined on the opposite side of the quadrangle to form an octahedral truss unit, and the units are opposed so that each of the four units has a quadrangular pyramid bottom in a checkered pattern, and the diagonal nodes of the opposing quadrangular pyramid bases Are connected so that the quadrangular pyramid bottom surface of each unit in the upper layer and the quadrangular pyramid bottom surface of each unit in the lower layer overlap each other, and the apex and lower layer of each unit in the upper layer are stacked. A unit-type frame structure of a structure formed by joining the apexes of the square pyramids of each unit and connecting them vertically. In a unit for constructing a frame structure in which vector balanced trusses are combined, the bases of four triangular trusses in which three frame members of the same length are connected in an annular shape are pinned to a square and A frame member unit having a structure in which one end of a connecting member having the same length as the frame member is pin-joined to each node. 7. The framework member unit according to claim 6 , wherein two triangle members are further pin-connected to each side of the square to provide two triangle vertices. 7. The frame member unit according to claim 6 , wherein two frame members are further pin-connected to two opposite sides of the quadrangle to provide two triangular vertices, and the diagonal two nodes of the square are connected. A frame member unit having a structure in which two skeleton members are pin-connected to each other in a triangular shape to provide triangular vertices.