JP4895429B2 - Liquid mixed feed and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

【００２２】
参考例２
乳牛への給与における嗜好性等を調べるため、乳牛３頭について試験した。
水と梅実抽出液の混合溶液500mlを、梅実抽出液濃度を10%ずつ増加し、100%までの各試料を、乳牛Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃに1日1回、濃度の低い溶液から順に、専用ボトルにて給与し、その様子を観察した。
その結果を、下記表２に示す。
【００２３】
【表２】

注）ａ：問題なく給与でき、給与後も問題なし。
ｂ：給与に際して若干嫌がる。
ｃ：給与後に若干苛立つ。
ｄ：給与に際して嫌がる。
ｅ：給与を嫌がるとともに、給与後に吐き出すような仕草をする。
【００２４】
上記結果より、梅実抽出液自体でも給与は可能であるものの、梅実抽出液のｐＨが３未満と低いことから、抽出液濃度が50%を越えると、酸味による刺激から給与を嫌がる傾向が見受けられた。
上記参考例１および２の試験結果より、果実抽出液の配合割合は、ミネラル源の溶解性、その後の安定性より５重量％以上が好ましく、また、給与に際する嗜好性、ルーメンヘの刺激を考慮に入れると５０重量％程度までが適当と考えられる。よって、本発明の液体飼料中、果実抽出液は5〜50%の配合されていることが最も効果を発揮する割合とわかった。
【００２５】
実施例１
以下の方法により、本発明の液体飼料を実際に製造した。
撹拌手段を有する５００リットルの混合タンクに、３０５ｋｇの水、塩化カルシウム９２．７ｋｇ、グルコン酸カルシウム４０．０ｋｇ、乳酸カルシウム１０．０ｋｇを入れて撹拌混合し、６０℃にて溶解させた。溶解後、その溶液を６０℃にて、さらに塩化マグネシウム４２．７ｋｇ、クエン酸２．０ｋｇ、梅実抽出液１０リットル、乳糖２５ｋｇ、を加えて撹拌混合して、溶解させた。
この溶解させた溶液は、混合タンクからポンプを有する配管によって導出され、カートリッジフィルターを経由して、殺菌用タンクに入れられる。殺菌用タンク内の中心部には、蒸気を通す管が螺旋状に配置されており、溶液を加熱殺菌出来るようになっている。この殺菌用タンク内に入れられた溶液は、約８０℃で３０分間殺菌処理された後、系外へと導出される。
【００２６】
殺菌処理を終えた溶液は保存用タンクに入れられて、通常、自然放冷にて約１日、溶解したままの状態で放置される。自然放冷後の溶液には、アルコール類（エタノール約99.9重量％溶液）７０リットルを投入して十分に撹拌する。
このようにして得られた本発明の液体飼料は、保存用タンクから各種の容器に計量・分配されて用いられる。
【００２７】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、ミネラルの吸収を高めるべく、ミネラル源をより透明様状態まで溶解させる有機溶媒としてポリフェノール類および有機酸を含んだ果実抽出液、アルコール類を用いた結果、ミネラル源の溶解性、飼料の嗜好性を高めることが出来た。また、前記の溶液に含まれる成分の効果により、抗酸化作用による生体膜の安定化、代謝機能の活性化によるミネラルの利用吸収の効率化などの相乗効果をもたらすことが可能になった。よって本発明によれば、従来の分娩時障害予防法の問題点が解決された、新しい組み合わせによる液体飼料を提供できる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fruit extract containing polyphenols and organic acids, a liquid mixed feed containing minerals in a feed alcohol, and a method for producing the same, and more particularly, due to the delivery of dairy cows or beef cattle and the accompanying lactating activity. The present invention relates to a technique for providing a liquid feed in which an appropriate amount of minerals is mixed in order to efficiently and quickly prevent a delivery disorder mainly caused by hypocalcemia.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, especially in the dairy industry, milk production has been increasing year by year due to genetic improvements in dairy cows and advances in feeding management techniques. However, the rate of dairy cow culling due to disability at birth, which is mainly characterized by hypocalcemia caused by parturition and accompanying lactation, has not improved. Therefore, in the dairy industry, it is important to establish a revolutionary preventive method for birth defects, and various preventive methods have been applied to date.
[0003]
It is said that dairy cows begin to decrease blood calcium concentration especially from the day before delivery due to the production of colostrum associated with parturition, and it is said to decrease rapidly to around 3 hours after parturition. With colostrum production, 8 to 10 times the amount of calcium in the body's blood is required, so it will be urgently mobilized from bone accumulated calcium, etc. , The mobilization is not in time, and causes labor problems such as inability to stand, mainly hypocalcemia. Therefore, it was important to replenish calcium sources that could be dealt with more quickly and immediately.
[0004]
As methods for preventing hypocalcemia, intravenous injection of vitamin D ₃ before and after parturition, subcutaneous injection, feeding of calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate, and the like are performed. Vitamin D ₃ injections were given as prescribed by veterinarians, and as a response at the farm level, calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate were mainly dissolved in water and fed.
In recent years, there is a liquid feed in which a mineral source such as calcium is mixed, and the supply of the existing liquid feed is also increasing from the viewpoint of workability.
[0005]
However, calcium carbonate and calcium phosphates are poorly soluble, and existing liquid products that use these as the main raw materials have many precipitation parts, which must be stirred and dispersed during feeding, but there are still parts that are lost. There were many problems. In addition, there are products that use propylene glycol, vegetable oil, etc. in the existing liquid feed, but these products become more viscous in the winter, and it takes time and labor, and the possibility of accidental ingestion, There were problems such as very poor palatability.
[0006]
On the other hand, regarding the administration of calcium phosphates, which is one of the prior arts, and the feeding of liquid feeds using them as the main raw material, there are reports that contradict the purpose of rapid calcium supplementation. Phosphorus is superior in the absorption rate of calcium and phosphorus from the intestinal wall, and as a result, the concentration of phosphorus in the blood first increases with the supply of calcium phosphate. When blood phosphorus level rises, physiological synthesis in kidney that synthesize active vitamin D ₃ to promote the calcium absorption in the intestinal wall is suppressed. For this reason, calcium absorption from the intestinal wall is also suppressed, and as a result, there may be a tendency for blood high phosphorus and low calcium.
[0007]
Moreover, it is a known fact that passive absorption of minerals from the intestinal wall is performed in an ionized state. The solubility of calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate is not high, and when dissolved in water, it is in an emulsion state. For this reason, the ionization rate is also considered to be low. Recently, it has been confirmed that minerals are absorbed from the stomach wall of the rumen if ionized, and what is an important issue is how to supply in a transparent-like solution state. Can have an effect on absorption speed.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present inventors have intensively studied to overcome the above-mentioned problems and to provide a liquid feed that can more quickly and efficiently apply a method for preventing dairy cow and beef cattle calving problems.
As a result, the present inventors dissolved a mineral source mainly composed of calcium to a transparent-like solution state, improved palatability, and by a method for producing a liquid feed that retains an appropriate liquid viscosity even with a temperature change, It has been found that such problems can be solved.
The present invention has been completed from such a viewpoint.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention provides a fruit extract, an alcohol, a liquid mixture feed comprising the mineral component,該果berry extract liquid, Ri liquid der extracted from polyphenols and UmeMinoru containing organic acid The liquid component feed is characterized in that the mineral component contains at least calcium and magnesium mineral elements . The liquid mixed feed of the present invention is characterized by mixing the above three components, and if one of these three components is lacking, the effect cannot be sufficiently exhibited. In the present invention, by including a fruit extract, alcohols, and mineral components, the mineral source is improved in solubility until it becomes a transparent-like solution state, the palatability is improved, and an appropriate liquid viscosity is maintained even with a temperature change. It can be done.
[0010]
Here, in this invention, it is suitable to contain the said fruit extract 5 to 50weight% and the said alcohol 10 to 40weight% in liquid mixed feed. In addition to the above calcium and magnesium , the mineral component contains any mineral element of phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sulfur or chlorine as the main element required for beef and dairy cows. Is preferred.
[0011]
Further, the present invention includes a mixing step in which a calcium compound is added to water and dissolved by stirring at 30 to 90 ° C., and then a magnesium compound and a fruit extract are added and stirred to dissolve. A liquid mixed feed comprising: a sterilization step in which heat treatment is performed at about 60 to 100 ° C. for 5 minutes to 3 hours; and a step of cooling and stirring the sterilized solution and then adding and stirring the alcohol. This manufacturing method is also provided. Preferred examples of the calcium compound include calcium gluconate, calcium chloride, and calcium lactate, and preferred examples of the magnesium compound include magnesium chloride. Citric acid and lactose can also be added simultaneously with the magnesium compound.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, first, the use of an organic solvent was studied in order to dissolve a mineral source mainly composed of calcium to a transparent solution state. Fruits, especially citrus fruits, are known to contain abundant organic acids and polyphenols, and fruit extracts containing these organic acids and polyphenols are used as solvents to increase the solubility of mineral sources. We examined whether it was possible.
[0013]
As a result, we succeeded in improving the solubility and further palatability of the mineral source by mixing the ume extract at 5 to 50% by weight. Feeding the plum extract to dairy cows and the like is also preferable from the viewpoint of appetite enhancement and metabolic function activation. Here, in the fruit extract, precipitation may occur at a mixing ratio of less than 5% by weight, and mixing of 5% or more is suitable in consideration of stability. In addition, the fruit extract such as a ume extract or the like has a pH of the liquid of less than 3, and the mixing of 50% by weight or less is suitable in consideration of the influence of the acidity on the palatability.
[0014]
Moreover, since alcohols are very excellent in palatability, in the present invention, normal feed alcohol can be mixed as alcohols, and a solution having an alcohol concentration of 50 to 100% by weight is mixed. Is preferred. It is also preferable to use alcoholic beverages such as beer and shochu from the viewpoint of increasing the appetite of dairy cows. As the alcohol, a solution containing 50 to 100% by weight of ethyl alcohol is usually used, and a solution containing about 70 to 100% by weight of ethyl alcohol is preferably used.
[0015]
As a result, it was found that by mixing 10 to 40% by weight of alcohols, the stability of the liquid feed, that is, the effect of preventing the occurrence of mold and the effect of suppressing the change of the liquid viscosity due to the temperature change. If the mixing amount is less than 10% by weight, the possibility of mold generation cannot be denied as a result of the product load test, so mixing of 10% by weight or more is suitable. In addition, the feed of the present invention is only for the purpose of more efficient and quick replenishment of minerals at the time of delivery, so addition of 40% by weight or less is preferable.
As for the liquid viscosity, the effect at the time of temperature drop was particularly remarkable. When the conventional liquid feed product and the feed product of the present invention are compared in the normal temperature and O ° C environment, the liquid viscosity in the 0 ° C environment is visually observed in the conventional feed product containing propylene glycol and vegetable oil. The salary is obviously too high and salary is difficult. On the other hand, the feed product of the present invention has a substantially constant viscosity even at low temperatures and can be easily fed.
[0016]
Furthermore, the organic acid contained in the citrus fruit extract not only enhances the solubility of minerals, but also supplies citric acid and malic acid to the citric acid cycle. Various organs have their functions lowered due to the great load of labor. Among them, the decrease in the function of the liver, which is the largest organ, has a great influence on dairy cows. The liver has various functions in addition to detoxification and nutrient storage, but ruminant dairy cows ferment most of the carbohydrates that are energy sources in the rumen, and the absorbed glucose is Very few. Therefore, 90% of the glucose required by body tissues is covered by gluconeogenesis. It is clear that gluconeogenesis is mainly performed in the liver, and it is clear that a decrease in liver function has many adverse effects on dairy cows. The gluconeogenesis circuit that performs gluconeogenesis is a circuit similar to the citrate circuit. Among the organic acids contained in the citrus fruit extract, citric acid and malic acid are expected to be activated by supplying them to the aforementioned circuit.
[0017]
Furthermore, it is considered that the peel of citrus fruits naturally has an antioxidant activity that can be said to be a protective action against oxidative stress from the sun and oxygen in order to preserve the main body. Therefore, the fruit extract contains polyphenols and active oxygen inhibitory enzyme-like components. Polyphenols have an excellent antioxidant activity, and have the effect of inhibiting the oxidation of cell membrane phospholipids and the oxidation of blood lipids by free radicals such as active oxygen, thereby preventing the generation of lipid peroxides. Therefore, the antioxidant effect by mixing the fruit extract can also be expected to have an effect on biological membrane stabilization and a positive influence on reproduction.
[0018]
The liquid feed of the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following method using each component described above.
First, 50 to 300 kg of a calcium compound is added to 300 liters of water, mixed with stirring, and dissolved at 30 to 90 ° C. As a calcium compound, the aspect which adds 20-200 kg of calcium gluconate, 10-100 kg of calcium chloride, and 5-50 kg of calcium lactate in each range is mentioned, for example.
Thereafter, 10 to 100 kg of magnesium compound and 1 to 50 liters of ume extract are further added to the solution and mixed by stirring to dissolve. At this time, 0.5 to 5 kg of citric acid and 5 to 50 kg of lactose may be added.
[0019]
Next, this dissolved solution is sent to a sterilization process for heat sterilization. In this sterilization step, the above solution is usually sterilized at about 60 to 100 ° C. for 5 minutes to 3 hours. The solution after the sterilization step is usually left in a dissolved state for about half a day to one week by natural cooling. In the solution after natural cooling, 5-300 liters of feed alcohol (ethanol about 50 to 100% by weight solution) is usually added and stirred.
The liquid feed of the present invention is obtained through the above steps. EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is not restrict | limited at all by these Examples.
[0020]
【Example】
Reference example 1
In order to investigate the effect of the fruit extract formulation on the solubility of mineral sources, the mineral compounds used in the present invention, 160 g calcium compound and 45 g magnesium compound, were extracted from tap water and fruit extract (in this reference example from plum fruit). The resulting solution is dissolved in 420 ml of a mixed solution (using a stock solution which has been desalted twice). The fruit extract was increased by 1%, samples 1 to 10 up to 10% were set, the dissolution rate and the presence or absence of precipitation were observed, and the solubility was examined.
The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0021]
[Table 1]

[0022]
Reference example 2
Three dairy cows were tested in order to examine the palatability of feeding to dairy cows.
Add 500ml of water and plum extract to increase the concentration of plum extract by 10%, and each sample up to 100% once a day for cows A, B, and C, starting with the solution with the lowest concentration. We paid with special bottle and observed the situation.
The results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0023]
[Table 2]

Note) a: Can be paid without problems, and no problem after paying.
b: Slightly disliked when paying.
c: Slightly frustrated after salary.
d: Dislikes when paying.
e: Dislikes salary and makes a gesture to vomit after salary.
[0024]
From the above results, although the plum extract itself can be fed, the pH of the plum extract is as low as less than 3, so when the extract concentration exceeds 50%, it tends to dislike feeding due to stimulation by acidity. It was seen.
From the test results of Reference Examples 1 and 2 above, the blending ratio of the fruit extract is preferably 5% by weight or more than the solubility of the mineral source and the subsequent stability, and also the palatability and the stimulation to the rumen. Taking into consideration, it is considered that about 50% by weight is appropriate. Therefore, it was found that the fruit extract contained 5 to 50% in the liquid feed of the present invention was most effective.
[0025]
Example 1
The liquid feed of the present invention was actually produced by the following method.
In a 500 liter mixing tank having a stirring means, 305 kg of water, 92.7 kg of calcium chloride, 40.0 kg of calcium gluconate and 10.0 kg of calcium lactate were stirred and mixed, and dissolved at 60 ° C. After dissolution, the solution was further dissolved at 60 ° C. by adding 42.7 kg of magnesium chloride, 2.0 kg of citric acid, 10 liters of plum fruit extract and 25 kg of lactose, stirring and mixing.
The dissolved solution is led out from the mixing tank by a pipe having a pump, and is put into a sterilization tank through a cartridge filter. At the center of the sterilization tank, a pipe for passing steam is arranged in a spiral shape so that the solution can be sterilized by heating. The solution placed in the sterilization tank is sterilized at about 80 ° C. for 30 minutes and then led out of the system.
[0026]
The solution after the sterilization treatment is put in a storage tank and is usually left in a dissolved state for about 1 day by natural cooling. To the solution after natural cooling, 70 liters of alcohol (ethanol 99.9 wt% solution) is added and sufficiently stirred.
The liquid feed of the present invention thus obtained is used by being metered and distributed from a storage tank to various containers.
[0027]
【Effect of the invention】
In order to increase the absorption of minerals, the present invention uses a fruit extract containing polyphenols and organic acids and alcohols as an organic solvent for dissolving the mineral source to a more transparent state, resulting in the solubility of the mineral source, feed I was able to improve the taste. In addition, the effects of the components contained in the solution can bring about synergistic effects such as stabilization of biological membranes by antioxidant action and efficiency of utilization and utilization of minerals by activation of metabolic functions. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a liquid feed with a new combination in which the problems of the conventional methods for preventing disability at birth are solved.

Claims (4)

A fruit extract, an alcohol, a liquid mixture feed comprising the mineral component,該果berry extract liquid, Ri liquid der extracted from polyphenols and UmeMinoru containing organic acid, the mineral component, A liquid mixed feed comprising at least calcium and magnesium mineral elements .   2. The liquid mixed feed according to claim 1, wherein the liquid mixed feed contains 5 to 50% by weight of the fruit extract and 10 to 40% by weight of the alcohols. The liquid mixed feed according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mineral component further contains any mineral element of phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sulfur or chlorine. A mixing step in which a calcium compound is added to water and dissolved by stirring at 30 to 90 ° C., and further a magnesium compound and a fruit extract are added and stirred to dissolve;
A sterilization step in which the solution is heat-treated at about 60 to 100 ° C. for 5 minutes to 3 hours;
Cooling the sterilized solution, adding alcohols and stirring and mixing;
A method for producing a liquid mixed feed, comprising: